Swelling Of Root Research Articles

2,3-Butanedione inhibited the swelling and microbial growth, maintained flavor and quality attributes of vacuum-packed lotus root

Swelling is a common phenomenon in the vacuum packaging of lotus root during shelf life. This study determined the primary microbial species responsible for the swelling of vacuum-packaged lotus root firstly, then, the effect of 2,3-butanedione (0.125 and 0.250 g L−1) on the swelling and quality changes of lotus root were observed. The results showed that aerogens, such as Acetobacter, Enterobacter, and Aeromonas, were the primary microorganisms responsible for vacuuming lotus root bag swelling. 0.250 g L−1 of 2,3-butanedione showed the greatest inhibitory effect on lotus root bag swelling. Furthermore, the application of 2,3-butanedione treatment could delay the appearance quality and nutritional value deterioration of the lotus root, as well as avoid rancidity and preserve the smell of the root. These findings suggest that 2,3-butanedione treatment has potential practical applications in controlling bag swelling and preserving lotus roots in vacuum packaging.

Swelling of a lumbar spinal nerve root mimicking an intraspinal mass lesion on preoperative magnetic resonance imaging

Swelling of a lumbar spinal nerve root mimicking an intraspinal mass lesion on preoperative magnetic resonance imaging

Posttraumatic Ectopic Nail

Posttraumatic Ectopic Nail

Differentiation between Symptomatic and Asymptomatic Extraforaminal Stenosis in Lumbosacral Transitional Vertebra: Role of Three-Dimensional Magnetic Resonance Lumbosacral Radiculography

ObjectiveTo investigate the role of lumbosacral radiculography using 3-dimentional (3D) magnetic resonance (MR) rendering for diagnostic information of symptomatic extraforaminal stenosis in lumbosacral transitional vertebra.Materials and MethodsThe study population consisted of 18 patients with symptomatic (n = 10) and asymptomatic extraforaminal stenosis (n = 8) in lumbosacral transitional vertebra. Each patient underwent 3D coronal fast-field echo sequences with selective water excitation using the principles of the selective excitation technique (Proset imaging). Morphologic changes of the L5 nerve roots at the symptomatic and asymptomatic extraforaminal stenosis were evaluated on 3D MR rendered images of the lumbosacral spine.ResultsTen cases with symptomatic extraforaminal stenosis showed hyperplasia and degenerative osteophytes of the sacral ala and/or osteophytes at the lateral margin of the L5 body. On 3D MR lumbosacral radiculography, indentation of the L5 nerve roots was found in two cases, while swelling of the nerve roots was seen in eight cases at the exiting nerve root. Eight cases with asymptomatic extraforaminal stenosis showed hyperplasia and degenerative osteophytes of the sacral ala and/or osteophytes at the lateral margin of the L5 body. Based on 3D MR lumbosacral radiculography, indentation or swelling of the L5 nerve roots was not found in any cases with asymptomatic extraforaminal stenosis.ConclusionResults from 3D MR lumbosacral radiculography Indicate the indentation or swelling of the L5 nerve root in symptomatic extraforaminal stenosis. Based on these findings, 3D MR radiculography may be helpful in the diagnosis of the symptomatic extraforaminal stenosis with lumbosacral transitional vertebra.

Effect of temperature on primary infection by Plasmodiophora brassicae and initiation of clubroot symptoms

A study was conducted to assess the effect of temperature on infection and development of Plasmodiophora brassicae in root hairs of Shanghai pak choi (Brassica rapa subsp. chinensis) and on initiation of clubroot symptoms. Ten‐day‐old seedlings were grown in liquid‐sand culture, inoculated with resting spores and maintained in growth cabinets at 10, 15, 20, 25 and 30°C. Seedlings were harvested at 2‐day intervals, starting 2 days after inoculation (DAI) and continuing until swelling of the tap root was observed (maximum 28 days). Roots were assessed for root hair infection (RHI), stage of development of infection (primary plasmodia, zoosporangia, release of zoospores, secondary plasmodia), symptom development, and for clubroot severity at 24 DAI. Temperature affected every stage of clubroot development; RHI was highest and visual symptoms initiated earliest at 25°C, intermediate at 20 and 30°C, and lowest and latest at 15 and 10°C. Root hair infection was observed at every temperature, but clubroot symptoms developed only above 15°C. A substantial delay in the development of the pathogen was observed at 10 and 15°C. No symptoms were observed at 28 DAI in plants grown at 10°C. Swelling of the tap root was visible at 28 DAI in plants at 15°C, 14 DAI at 20 and 30°C, and 10 DAI at 25°C. These results support and explain the observation in companion studies that cool temperatures result in slower development of clubroot symptoms in brassica crops.

A case of neurosarcoidosis with swelling and gadolinium enhancement of spinal nerve roots on magnetic resonance imaging

An 80-year-old woman was admitted to our hospital because of developed sense of constriction in the trunk and gradually progressive numbness and muscle weakness in the upper and lower extremities. Cerebrospinal fluid analysis showed increased cell count and protein level. Gadolinium enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of spine showed the enhancement and swelling of bilateral nerve root in the cervical and lumbar segments. Although chest computed tomography showed neither bilateral hilar lymphoadenopathy nor lung lesions and serum angiotensin converting enzyme and lysozyme (ACE) were normal, tuberculin skin test was negative and cell count and CD4/CD8 elevated in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid. Biopsy specimen of scalene lymph node showed noncaseating granuloma. The patient was treated with oral predonisolone, which improved her symptoms and abnormalities on MRI. It is important to consider neurosarcoidosis in the differential diagnosis of polyradiculopathy with swelling and gadolinium enhancement of spinal nerve roots.

Swelling of plant material in supercritical carbon dioxide

Swelling of plant material belonging to several plant families and the influence of swelling on supercritical fluid extraction process were investigated in this study. While swelling of Lamiaceae family species as well as hop cones and pellets occurred during the exposure of plant material to supercritical carbon dioxide, swelling of valerian root and ginger rhizome happened after the decompression step. Optimal pretreatment of herbaceous matrix which will enable commencement of continuous extraction from already swollen plant material was defined on the basis of swelling test results. Experimental results were modeled and energy savings due to the optimal processing on the laboratory scale were calculated. Sorption of carbon dioxide into the hop pellet was measured and the diffusion coefficient in the solid phase was determined. Obtained results indicated that the effective diffusion coefficient in the hop pellet was increased by one order of magnitude due to swelling.

Regulation of directional expansion by the cortical microtubule array in roots of Lemna minor.

We reported previously that uniconazole, an inhibitor of gibberellin biosynthesis, does not induce lateral swelling of root in Lemna minor L. This is inconsistent with previous reports that gibberellin inhibitors induce significant lateral swelling of organs in other plants. The present study aims to elucidate the reason for this inconsistency. We assayed cells of the cortex, which occupy a large part of root volume. Treatment with propyzamide, a microtubule-disrupting agent, induced increases in root diameter due to increases in radial and tangential diameters of cells in all tissues, particularly the cortex. Additionally, cortical microtubules of cortical cells were almost removed, and the orientation of cellulose microfibrils became random. Thus, in the root cortex, cortical microtubules regulate orientation of cellulose microfibrils. When plants were cultured in the presence of uniconazole the diameter of roots decreased, mainly due to decreases in cell width in the middle layer of cortex. Arrangement of cellulose microfibrils of cortical cells remained transverse after uniconazole treatment. Although cortical microtubules were fragmented by uniconazole treatment, they also remained arranged in the transverse direction. It seems that fragmented but transversely arranged cortical microtubules can orient cellulose microfibrils transversely.

鼻腔腺癌例

Adenocarcinoma of the nasal cavity is a rare malignant tumor. A 48-year-old man was referred to our hospital with swelling and pain of the nasal root. An easily bleeding tumor was found in the left nasal cavity, presumably arising from the nasal septum. The nasal bone was destroyed and subcutaneous invasion was suspected from the CT scan.Pathological examination of the tumor confirmed the diagnosis of adenocarcinoma. The tumor was removed with the skin of the nasal root, part of the nasal bone and nasal septum. He was given chemotherapy 3 times (CAP therapy: CDDP, THP-adriamycin, cyclo-phosphamide). The defect of the external nose was reconstructed with a midline forehead flap after 3 months.

The phenomena accompanying the swelling of dry crude licorice root

The phenomena accompanying the swelling of dry crude licorice root