The Resilience Scale (Wagnild & Young, 1993, p. 167) was developed to identify "the degree of individual resilience, considered a positive personality characteristic that enhances individual adaptation." The aim of this report is to present reliability estimates for this scale, including absolute reliability measures that have not previously been reported. The Resilience Scale was originated in a qualitative study of old women who had recovered from major losses (Wagnild & Young, 1990); however, the developers have stated that the scale can be used for both sexes and all ages (Wagnild & Young, 1993). The Resilience Scale comprises 25 items, scored on 7-stage Likert-like scales, ranging from disagree to agree. Potential scores ranges from 25 to 175 points, and a score of 146 or above has been considered to indicate a high degree of resilience (Wagnild & Young, 1993). Both the original scale and the Swedish version have previously been tested and found valid and reliable (Lundman, Strandberg, Eisemann, Gustafson, & Brulin, 2007; Nygren, Randstrom, Lejoklou, & Lundman, 2004; Wagnild, 2009; Wagnild & Young, 1993). Test-retest reliability ranging from 0.76 to 0.84 in different populations has been reported (Nygren et al., 2004; Wagnild & Young, 1993).In evaluating an assessment scale for use in clinical practice, however, traditional reliability measures, such as interclass correlation coefficient, are not sufficient. Clinical use demands the establishment of absolute reliability, allowing confidence interval for a single measurement and the least significant change between two measurements to be calculated (Bland & Altman, 1996; Conradsson et al., 2007). It is important to know the latter if a scale is used in the follow-up of a treatment or intervention in an individual. Whereas traditional, relative reliability calculations establish reliability for group-wise comparisons (relevant for the use of a scale in research), absolute reliability provides information concerning the usefulness of a scale on an individual level, that is, for clinical use. Relative reliability is a measure of the stability of ranking of the individuals' scores within a group; and if the range of scores is small, the relative reliability is often worse. Absolute reliability on the other hand is an estimate of the measurement error-that is, the variability of scores around the "true" value-and is expressed in the same units as the particular scale. Hence, absolute reliability answers to the question whether a change of so and so many points for an individual is significant or might be the results of the measurement error. Also for the use of a scale in research, the measurement error is naturally of interest.The measure of absolute relability is, according to Bland and Altman (1996), the within-subject standard deviation, denoted sw. This number is easily derived from an ordinary analysis of variance (ANOVA) table, where sw is the square root of the "residual mean square," which is, in fact, the within-subject variance. This sw value is then multiplied by 1.96 or 1.28 to obtain the 95% and 80% confidence intervals, respectively, and by (1.96 3 2) or (1.28 3 2) to obtain the least significant change between two measurements with 95% and 80% levels of significance, respectively. The least significant change between two measurements might also be referred to as the repeatability of a scale, or the repeatability coefficient (Bland & Altman, 1996; Conradsson et al., 2007).A Swedish-speaking purposive sample of 142 people was included in a study to evaluate the properties of the Swedish version of the Resilience Scale. The study has been presented previously in greater detail (Nygren et al., 2004). The age of the participants ranged from 19 to 85 years, and 54% were women. The sample included 40 senior citizens over the age of 65 years, 50 people from the working population, and 52 students. The study was performed in the medium-sized town of Ostersund in northern Sweden and was approved by the ethics committee of the faculty of medicine at Umea University. …