Sustainable Use Of Natural Resources Research Articles

Correlation Studies on Growth, Yield Parameters and Yield of Maize as Influenced by Conservation Tillage Practices and Site-Specific Nutrient Management in Maize (Zea mays L.)

To meet the ever increasing needs of the growing human population ensuring sustainable use of natural resources, maintaining the standards essential for competing in the global market especially in case of major cereals like rice, wheat and maize is a never ending challenge. Keeping this in mind, to increase the productivity of maize by resource conservation techniques with different nutrient management practices, an experiment was laid out at a farmer’s field of Chella, Kamarapara, West Bengal, during pre-kharif season of 2022. The treatments consisted of 2 levels of tillage practices and 7 levels of SSNM treatments. The experimental finding revealed no significant difference between grain and stover yield with different tillage treatments. Whereas significantly higher grain and stover yield `was seen with SSNM through NE, lower grain and stover yield was recorded with control. Correlation studies revealed that plant height, dry matter accumulation, crop growth rate, cob girth, cob length, number of grain rows per cob, and number of cobs were highly significant and positively correlated with grain yield.

One Health in human-environment systems: Linking health and the sustainable use of natural resources

Abstract Social-ecological system (SES) approaches have been used for strategic analyses of sustainable use of natural resources like rangelands, fishing grounds, livestock or forests. Elinor Ostrom’s concept of “governing the commons” contradicts the so called “tragedy of the commons” that assumes that common pool resources are inevitably overused and irreversibly destroyed. We expand the SES to One Health in Social-Ecological Systems (OHSES) by including humans as a resource system that contributes to the human capital of a nation’s gross domestic product (GDP). Ill health leads to a reduction of health and wellbeing benefits through premature death, disability or temporary reduction of work capacity. The OHSES analysis framework uses game theory and mathematical modelling for strategy evaluation and comparison. It enables us to analyse the system’s current situation and find possible Nash equilibria, Pareto-optimal solutions, and best resource management strategies while maintaining sustainable ecosystem services. A first example on the elimination of dog rabies in Africa shows that when compared to human post-exposure vaccination, coordinated mass dog vaccination is the best strategy for all countries, leading to human capital benefits of US$10 billion over a period of 30 years with the possible elimination of the disease. Inaction and all other strategies have lower welfare benefits and could not lead to the elimination of dog rabies. Further case studies relating human and animal health and sustainable natural resource use are proposed. Epistemological assumptions and ethical issues of a OHSES approach are discussed in the light of pressing needs to combine human and animal health with the sustainable use of natural resources to address the broader impact of the contemporary threats such as antimicrobial resistance, biodiversity loss and climate change. One Health statement This article is a theoretical and methodological contribution to One Health science. It extends the social ecological systems approach of “governing the commons” by Elinor Ostrom through the inclusion of human resources as part of resource system and resource units as One Health in Social-Ecological Systems (OHSES). The concepts of “governing the commons” and “One Health” overlap through the participatory transdisciplinary processes or interactions embedded in both approaches that lead to outcomes or added value for managing shared natural resources and promoting human and animal health. A first case study on the elimination of rabies in Africa is summarized, demonstrating the power of a game theoretical strategy analysis for addressing complex problems of both health and natural resource management. We emphasize system thinking, participatory transdisciplinarity, collective action, equity and gender and the added-value as the main principles of One Health implementation to be evaluated. Several holistic and interdisciplinary approaches exist to safeguard health. Three of the most influential concepts are One Health, EcoHealth, and Planetary Health with actually important differences between them (Lerner and Berg, 2017 ; Zinsstag et al ., 2023a ). Here we add a quantifiable framework to the qualitative concept of Health in Social-Ecological Systems (HSES), coined in 2011 (Zinsstag et al ., 2011 ). OHSES encompasses not only human and animal health but also biodiversity, ecology, climate change, agricultural systems, and various social sciences as an integrated systemic mixed quantitative and qualitative approach to relate environmental sustainability and the health of all species.

Kearifan Lokal Dan Pendekatan Dalam Pemanfaatan Sumber Daya Alam Untuk Ekonomi Desa Sesaot

Local wisdom is a cultural heritage that has been acquired and passed down from generation to generation in a community or society. Local wisdom includes knowledge, values, technology, practices and skills possessed by the community in utilizing the natural resources around them. Wise and sustainable use of natural resources is important in the context of village economic development, especially in Indonesia which has abundant natural wealth. Research Method Observer as an instrument (human instrument) This means that the researcher himself has the function of determining the focus of the research, selecting informants as data sources, carrying out data collection, analyzing data, and making conclusions about his findings. The research results show that local wisdom in the use of natural resources for village economic development, especially in Sesaot Village, West Lombok Regency, West Nusa Tenggara Province, Indonesia. Local wisdom is a cultural heritage that includes knowledge, values, technology, practices and skills passed down from generation to generation in a community. Wise and sustainable use of natural resources is important in the context of village economic development in Indonesia which has abundant natural wealth. The local wisdom approach in the use of natural resources includes the knowledge, practices and expertise possessed by local communities. In Sesaot Village, the community has long developed local wisdom in utilizing the natural resources around them, including in managing forests using a customary system that has existed since their ancestors. By optimizing local wisdom, communities are able to utilize natural resources sustainably while preserving nature through environmentally friendly practices. Utilization of natural resources for village economic development provides many benefits, including increasing income, creating jobs, developing industry, strengthening the local economy, and improving the quality of life of village communities. Political ecology approaches, human welfare ecology, and anthropological perspectives are used to understand and apply local wisdom in environmental management and village economic development

Aboveground Biomass Inversion Based on Object-Oriented Classification and Pearson–mRMR–Machine Learning Model

Cities play a crucial role in the carbon cycle. Measuring urban aboveground biomass (AGB) is essential for evaluating carbon sequestration. Satellite remote sensing enables large-scale AGB inversion. However, the apparent differences between forest and grassland biomass pose a significant challenge to the accurate estimation of urban AGB using satellite-based data. To address this limitation, this study proposed a novel AGB estimation method using the eastern part of the Zhahe mining area in Huaibei City as the study area, which integrates land cover classification, feature selection, and machine learning modelling to generate high quality biomass maps of different vegetation types in an urban area with complex feature distribution. Utilizing the GEE platform and Sentinel-2 image, we developed an object-oriented machine learning classification algorithm, combining SNIC and GLCM to extract vegetation information. Optimal feature variables for forest and crop-grass AGB inversion were selected using the Pearson–mRMR algorithm. Finally, we constructed nine machine learning models for AGB inversion and selected the model with the highest accuracy to generate the AGB map of the study area. The results of the study are as follows: (1) Compared with the pixel-based classification method, the object-oriented classification method can extract the boundaries of different vegetation types more accurately. (2) Forest AGB is strongly correlated with vegetation indices and physiological parameters, while agri-grass AGB is primarily associated with vegetation indices and vegetation physiological parameters. (3) For forest AGB modelling, the RF-R model outperforms other machine learning models with an R2 of 0.77. For agri-grass AGB modelling, the XGBoost-R model is more accurate, with an R2 of 0.86. (4) The mean forest AGB in the study area was 4.60 kg/m2, while the mean agri-grass AGB was 0.71 kg/m2. High AGB values were predominantly observed in forested areas, which were mainly distributed along roads, waterways, and mountain ranges. Overall, this study contributes to a better understanding of the health of local urban ecosystems and provides valuable insights for ecosystem protection and the sustainable use of natural resources.

Development of Circular Economy in Agriculture in Hanoi, Vietnam

The introduction of circular economy principles into closed production systems is essential to address current socio-economic and ecological challenges efficiently. This approach not only saves costs, creates job opportunities, and fosters economic growth but also promotes the sustainable use of natural resources in agriculture. Transitioning to a circular economy model in agriculture contributes to achieving sustainable development goals. In Hanoi, Vietnam, sustainable agriculture development focuses on integrating natural processes and biological resources to enhance productivity while preserving the environment. Challenges persist in shifting from conventional to organic farming methods due to certification complexities and infrastructure limitations. Despite these hurdles, organic farming adoption is increasing, positively impacting agricultural productivity and biodiversity. The gradual expansion of certified organic agriculture in Hanoi indicates promising strides toward environmental conservation and economic development through a closed-loop agricultural system.

Grape Pomace (Vitis vinifera L.) Waste Valorization: Assessing Its Potential as a Sustainable Natural Dye for Textiles Applications

The present study aimed to explore the textile dyeing capability using dyes derived from grape pomace. Extractions were conducted with water at different pH levels and with a water/ethanol solution. Cotton (natural and cationized) and wool were employed in the dyeing process for varying durations (100 and 200 min). The colorimetric and fastness properties, in terms of washing (with hot and cold water) and exposure to natural light, were evaluated. The final color evaluation was performed using ΔE*, a parameter quantifying the magnitude of a color difference by comparing the L*a*b* color coordinates of the CIELAB system of the dyed samples with those of the control. The hues obtained on the fabrics resulted in uniform and earthy colors. However, the cationized cotton substrate showed the highest ΔE* values for all conditions used in obtaining grape pomace extracts, in the range of 33.91 to 37.98. This suggests that the surface treatment enhanced dye uptake, while organic cotton achieved a lighter earthy color. Natural dyeing using grape pomace presents a sustainable, ecological, and non-toxic alternative for textile dyeing, resulting in unique and earthy tones with commercial potential while promoting the sustainable use of natural resources and environmental preservation. The key to achieving sustainable development lies in waste reduction and valorization, along with the adoption of conscious consumption.

ИЗУЧЕНИЕ ВОПРОСОВ, СВЯЗАННЫХ С ФИТОРАЗНООБРАЗИЕМ И ЛЕКАР-СТВЕННЫМ РАСТЕНИЕВОДСТВОДСТВОМ НА ТЕРРИТОРИИ РЕСПУБЛИКИ ТАТАРСТАН.. 90

Any plant phylogenesis is a long-term historical complex of plant species, including elements of different ages, different origins and differing from other floristic complexes in its systematic composition. This complex is a dynamic and unstable phenomenon that changes over time. Its individual elements disperse, or, conversely, remain within the boundaries of their range, de-pending on changes in external ecological and geographical factors. Therefore, when study-ing any floristic composition, it is necessary, first of all, to systematize the plant world. The distribution of species between systematic categories of the highest rank characteristic of each flora. Issues related to the characteristics of the growth, procurement and protection of plant medicinal raw materials are one of the leading links in ongoing activities for the ration-al use of natural resources throughout the world. Medicinal pharmacopoeia plants growing in various regions of Russia are a valuable source of biologically active substances used in med-icine and pharmaceuticals. The study of medicinal plants is important for optimizing the drug production process, as well as for the conservation of biodiversity and sustainable use of natural resources. Methods for studying medicinal pharmacopeial plants include a botanical description of plants, analysis of the chemical composition and pharmacological properties of raw materials, the study of factors affecting the quality and quantity of biologically active substances, as well as the development of methods for growing and collecting plants. Much attention is also paid to the issues of sustainable use of medicinal plants and their conservation in natural ecosystems. The study of medicinal pharmacopoeia plants growing in various regions of Russia, including the Republic of Tatarstan, allows us to determine the optimal conditions for their cultivation, evaluate the quality and effectiveness of the raw materials used, and also develop new drugs based on natural components. The more work there is related to the study of the growth of medicinal plants, the more it will contribute to improving medical practice, enriching the range of medicines and providing access to effective and safe medicines.

Sustainable Agriculture Development and Optimum Utilization of Natural Resources: Striking a Balance

There is a finite supply of natural resources, and unchecked exploitation may harm the ecosystem. The strategy for their sustainable use must be determined. The framework of sustainable development is used to define strategies of ongoing societal and state advancement that do not negatively impact the environment or the natural resources that will be needed for future human activities. A model that governs sustainable use takes into account the legal and strategic guidelines for the extraction of energy and natural resources. Ensuring the sustainable use of natural resources both nationally and internationally is the aim. Environmental protection and sustainable use of natural resources are closely intertwined. Additionally, a healthy environment's value and the degree to which the public is educated about its preservation are linked to the preservation of the working and living environments. All areas of human endeavour see improvements in quality of life as a result of faster technical development, but increased environmental deterioration is also a potential. Consequently, in order to achieve the objectives of the society's development policy, it is imperative to incorporate the appropriate standards that would support sustainable development. This review paper is a quick response to maintain the ecosystem's equilibrium and the surrounding area.

Comparative Analysis in Indigenous Women's Ecological Practices Across Indonesia: A Systematic Literature Review

Indigenous women in Indonesia have long practiced ecological management and sustainable resource use, deeply embedded in their cultural beliefs, traditional wisdom, and strong connection to the land. However, their specific ecological practices have been the subject of limited research, especially compared to broader studies of the relationship between gender and ethnicity in sectors such as mining. These existing studies often highlight negative impacts on women in general but focus less on the specific practices of indigenous women, especially in relation to their contributions to biodiversity conservation and sustainable use of natural resources. Recognizing this gap, this research aims to conduct an in-depth analysis of the ecological practices of indigenous women in various regions of Indonesia, focusing on their role in environmental conservation and sustainable development. The motivation for this research is to understand how these practices, shaped by cultural, traditional, and land-based relationships, contribute to ecological management and provide lessons for sustainable living. To achieve this, this study used a systematic literature review. The literature review will involve a comprehensive examination of existing academic literature, using databases such as JSTOR, Scopus, and local Indonesian research repositories. Literature selection criteria will include relevance to indigenous practices, focus on ecological management, and contribution to biodiversity conservation. Although specific findings have not been presented, the study expects to reveal a wide variety of indigenous ecological practices. This is expected to include traditional methods of land and resource management, contributions to the resilience of local ecosystems, and sustainable practices passed down from generation to generation. This study aims to highlight the important role of indigenous women in maintaining biodiversity and adapting to environmental change. A multidimensional approach that considers the institutionalization of gender and ethnicity in mining governance, as well as the role of gender and ethnic identity, will be adopted. The findings from this literature review and field study will make a significant contribution to our understanding of the rich ecological knowledge and practices of indigenous women in Indonesia. They will also highlight the importance of incorporating these practices into broader conservation and sustainability efforts, providing policy recommendations for a more inclusive and holistic environmental approach.

Co-creation of socio-ecological systems knowledge to adopt an Ecosystem-based Approach and Land-Sea Interactions in maritime spatial planning

The European Union (EU) Directive on maritime spatial planning (MSP) (2014/89/EU) requires EU coastal states to design maritime spatial plans to coordinate maritime actions in a sustainable manner. In Finland, MSP is the joint responsibility of authorities at the regional level with differing development visions and operating environments. To support the adoptation of the planning concepts of an Ecosystem-based Approach (EBA) and Land-Sea Interactions (LSI) in MSP, they have been embedded into planning work through adopting the social-ecological systems (SES) approach in a co-creation process, which has been open to anyone interested, including sectoral representatives as well as experts at all national to local levels. This research examines the co-creation of shared knowledge among MSP authorities and stakeholders, as well as the ways in which the utilized SES approach has helped to generate consensus on the sustainable use of natural resources. We examined the co-creation of systemic thinking among four maritime sectors: fishing, fish farming, offshore wind energy, and tourism. Results indicate that the co-creation process helped evolve shared knowledge and deeper systemic understanding on the direct and indirect links between the good state of the marine environment and human wellbeing, as well as which actions support sustainable development and sustainable blue economy at the local and regional levels. However, the level of advancement varies among sectors. Nonetheless, evolved systemic thinking has supported the adoptation of the concepts of EBA and LSI in the bottom-up MSP approach and resilient adaptive governance in MSP.

The interlinkage between land resources, food, water, income, and sustainable environment: Evidence from China's economy with COP27 perspective

AbstractChina, the most populous country across the globe, has emerged as one of the biggest economies; however, regarding food production, water, uplifting the income level, and attaining environmental sustainability, the policymakers are still concerned. China's government has worked immensely on eradicating poverty through increasing food production, ensuring access to clean water, and using land resources. Similar steps are taken about environmental protection. In this regard, China needs more empirical evidence to tackle such an environmentally destructive issue and sustainable natural resource use. The present study investigates the environmental Kuznets curve (EKC) while considering the importance of natural resources, food production and export, and water productivity in environmental quality. This research also explores the impact of tourism, energy use, and renewable energy output on carbon emissions in China during 1990–2021. This research authenticates the variables' stationarity and the long‐term equilibrium relationship between the study factors using the pre‐estimation diagnostic approaches. This study employed several parametric approaches and revealed that the EKC paradox is invalid in the case of China and vice versa in the presence of natural resources and food and water variables. Natural resources are the key hazard in attaining a sustainable regional environment and development. By contrast, increased economic growth and energy consumption also enhance the country's pollution level. In distinction, renewable electricity output, tourism industry, food production, and food export are the substantial drivers of attaining COP27 targets. Based on the study findings, this research recommends enhancement in sustainable food production and water management, improved production and consumption of renewables, reduced consumption of outdated energy, sustainable use of non‐renewable resources, and facilitated tourism across the country.

‘The Trees are the Clothes of the Church’: Ethiopian Orthodox Tewahedo Church-Forests as Spiritual Spaces of Resilience against Climate Change?

In times of ecological crises, Ethiopian Orthodox Tewahedo church-forests are, as many suggest, sacred spaces of resilience and restoration. The need for community forest management and sustainable use of natural resources is said to be based on an ‘eco-theology of Edenic forests’ so, we ask, What can be said about conceptually defined entanglements between the theological perspective on so-called forest-churches and the ecologically oriented perspective that applies to so-called church-forests? What is the history and the present self-understanding of this phenomenon? Does it have a global dimension? How does a sacred text like Śənä Fəṭrät, with its theocentric theology and its reference to biblical testimony, create ‘sacred spaces’ in nature? The socio-ethical dimension of these church-forests is of high concern. For this, with an interdisciplinary focus, I refer to results given by existing research on the interrelations of oriental-orthodox theology, including its miaphysite Christology. Such an understanding includes reference to church architecture, biology, sociology, and on forestry in those areas of forest-churches. So we want to understand the specific religious and cultural significance of Ethiopian Orthodox Tewahedo church-forests. The relevance of these unique sacred groves cannot easily be compared to examples in other religions. But we may at least draw conclusions from other forms of Christianity and religiosity and their interpretation of common biblical and dogmatic traditions referring to the ‘creation of God’.

СУЧАСНІ МЕТОДИ ПОСІВУ ЗЕРНОВИХ КУЛЬТУР

Analyzing the latest innovations and technological improvements, the article aims to highlight the trends that determine the efficiency and stability of yields in the grain sector. The article examines digital and agricultural technologies that allow agricultural producers to optimize the processes of sowing grain crops. Digital solutions such as data analysis, artificial intelligence and the use of modern agricultural sensors are seen as key tools to improve productivity and optimize resources. Geospatial analysis, taking into account environmental aspects and ensuring sustainable development are also becoming an object of research. The article examines in detail how the use of geographic information systems and the latest ecologically oriented practices can contribute to agriculture that uses resources efficiently and preserves the environment. This article is designed to consider modern methods of sowing grain crops, which define a new stage in the development of the agricultural sector. We will explore innovative strategies, from digital analytics to geospatial solutions, that maximize crop efficiency and promote sustainable use of natural resources. The general emphasis of the article is to highlight promising and practically significant aspects of the use of modern methods of sowing grain crops. The article also considers the challenges that may arise when implementing the latest technologies and provides recommendations for their successful implementation in the agricultural sector.

Identification of the impact of electric pulse action on the disintegration of a natural mineral

The work is devoted to the study of the electric pulse disintegration of a natural mineral. The object of the study is the natural mineral quartzite of the Aktas deposit of the Republic of Kazakhstan. For the destruction and grinding of quartzite, a working cell of an electric pulse unit was developed. Electric pulse crushing is a modern technique for grinding a variety of materials, which provides the desired degree of grinding with a certain granulometric composition of the product and has a high ability of selective crushing. With the help of this technology, quartzite grinding was carried out with an increase in the capacity of capacitor banks from 0.25 mF to 1 mF, the pulse discharge voltage changed from 20 kV to 30 kV, the number of pulse discharges from 500 to 1,000, the inner diameter of the working cell from 60 mm to 80 mm. The results of the disintegration of a natural mineral by the electric pulse method allowed us to determine the degree of grinding of the finished product. The obtained results can be used in the study and optimization of the extraction of natural minerals, which is important for ensuring the sustainable use of natural resources and balanced economic development. Crushed quartzite is used in various industries, including the production of optical fibers, electronics and photovoltaic devices. A material with a particle diameter of 0.1 to 0.4 millimeters is used to create glass, ceramic and porcelain products, as well as insulation materials. Due to its homogeneous composition containing up to 98 % silicon oxide (SiO2) and excellent absorbent properties, quartz sand is also used as a filter material for water purification

Identifying major phases in the use of land, energy and changing landscapes by agrarian societies (7,000 cal BP-Present) in Cantabrian Spain, based on cultural changes and anthropogenic signals

IntroductionEnacting transitions toward more sustainable management and use of land, energy, and natural resources poses multiple challenges for human societies. Such transitions have been a constant throughout human history and therefore there is a need to learn from them and apply that knowledge to current land-use policies and management. Significant human impact on landscape and environment in Cantabrian Spain has been documented in alignment with the Neolithization (ca. 7,000 cal BP). While the classic approach of identifying cultural phases based on historical and archaeological data has been extensively studied, much less is understood on how such phases are dependent upon increasing anthropogenic influence on the environment.MethodsCantabrian Spain is well-known for its long mining history. Key processes historically shaping landscapes in the region include the implementation of mining/metallurgy industries and extraction of forest resources. These historical processes were characterized, respectively using heavy metal pollution contents (Hg, Zn, Cd, As, Ni, REE, Pb, and 206 Pb/207 Pb) and total arboreal pollen percentages in peat bogs, providing global trends of human impact on the environment. These trends were then compared to climate (temperature and precipitation) and natural vegetation evolution modeling through time.ResultsResults show seven phases of major human impact on the environment: (1) the Copper phase ca. 4,400–4,100 cal BP, (2) the Middle Bronze phase ca. 3,500–3,150 cal BP, (3) the Iron phase ca. 2,800–2,500 cal BP, (4) the Roman phase ca. 2,200–1,750 cal BP, (5) the Medieval phase ca. 1,250–1,000 cal BP, (6) the Colonial phase ca. 650–400 cal BP, and (7) the Industrial phase ca. 150 cal BP-Present.DiscussionFour phases are tightly related to substantial changes in land use and subsistence strategies: (1) Production, with the appearance of productive economies during the Neolithic, (2) Specialization, with the appearance of specialized activities and trade during the Middle Bronze phase, (3) Urbanization, with the first urban centers during the Roman phase, and (4) Globalization, with worldwide colonialism and capitalism economies during the Colonial phase.

Organic fertilization as a sustainable alternative in the production of bean varieties in the brazilian semiarid region

This study aimed to evaluate the effect of organic fertilization and the use of rock powder in different varieties of cowpea in an agroecological family farming system in a semi-arid region of Brazil. The design was in randomized blocks 4 blocks x 4 treatments (T1 - witness; T2 - 4.0 t ha-1 rock powder; T3 - 10 t ha-1 bovine manure + organic matter; and T4 - 4 t ha-1 rock powder + 2.1 t ha-1 organic compound) x 3 varieties. At 65 days, plant height (PH), stem diameter (SD), number of leaves (NL), leaf area (LA), and crop yield were evalueted: number of pods (NP), number of pods per plant (NPP), total seed weight (TSW), grain production (GP) and shoot dry matter production (SDMA). The creole variety Sedinha obtained better results in the development and yield of the crop, the organic compost was the most efficient for all varieties, the addition of rock powder did not result in significant effects compared to other treatments. This study highlights the potential for producing Creole seeds, in addition to demonstrating that organic fertilization is an efficient alternative, and reduces the use of chemical fertilizers contributing to the sustainable use of natural resources.

Multicriteria Analysis of Cement Mortar with Recycled Sand

Sustainable development requires a holistic perspective that integrates the different aspects of production and consumption and promotes the transition to a circular economy. This approach aims to balance the needs of the present and future generations, as well as the social, environmental, and economic dimensions of development. By producing products that are durable, recyclable, and reusable, and by minimizing the use of energy and materials, the environmental impact of production can be reduced while also generating economic benefits and enhancing social well-being. The article addresses the multicriteria sustainability of producing mortar modified with sand from recycled concrete rubble. The research explored the possibility of replacing natural sand with recycled sand in proportions from 10% to 100%. The consistency of mixtures, flexural and compressive strengths after 2, 28, and 90 days, as well as the carbon footprint and cost of the aggregate used were analyzed. The waste management index and sustainable use of natural resources were also considered. The research and analysis showed that recycled sand could be successfully used as an alternative for natural aggregate, as there are clear environmental and economic advantages, and the basic technical characteristics do not differ significantly statistically from the unmodified composite.

Soil-geogrid interaction: The shear zone thickness of seafloor sediments with geogrid compared to filling materials

In geotechnical applications close to marine areas, using soil with rounded gravel that waves have left on the seafloor as fill material can help ensure the sustainable use of natural resources. However, typical fill materials have more shear strength than rounded sediments, but geogrids can solve the issue. Nevertheless, it is not well known how the grains’ shape factors will affect the soil-geogrid interlocking mechanism and how the soil-geogrid interlocking based on grain shape will vary in the soil above and below the geogrid. This study aims to address the ambiguities specified. Therefore, three soil specimens were acquired, and the grains’ shape parameters were determined using image processing. Subsequently, soil specimens were tested using large-scale direct shear (LSDS) and California Bearing Ratio (CBR) tests. Besides, LSDS tests were conducted by placing the geogrid at the shear surface, at different depths beneath the shear surface, and at varying levels above the shear surface to assess the soil-geogrid interaction distance. The findings showed that soil with seafloor gravels, using geogrid, could have the same shear strength as soil with crushed aggregates. Also, the highest shear strength was achieved when the geogrid was located below the shear surface by the maximum grain diameter.

Application of Propolis Extracts in Prevention of the Occurrence and Development of Phytophthora infestans in Ecological Agricultural Production of Tomatoes (Solanum lycopersicum)

Organic Agricultural Production is a special system of food production that exists in a rule-based, socially demanding, and environmentally constrained space within wider agriculture. It must meet social standards in key areas, such as sustainable use of natural resources, while minimally impacting local ecosystems throughout the growth cycle. The use of phytopharmaceutical substitutes is a core component, replacing conventional agriculture pesticides which have been shown to damage local ecosystems. In recent years, considerable research effort has been put into discovering alternative natural substitutes with pesticidal and antifungal properties.
 The aim of this paper is to investigate the effects of propolis extracts on the growth and development of Phytopathological fungi, presenting an alternative to other phytopharmaceutical substitutes.
 In this paper, the “American” tomato species are used throughout as it represents a common supermarket tomato variety. The following are the conclusions central to this paper: (1) preventative usage of alcoholic extracts controlls the likelihood of development of Phytophthora infestans and its subsequent growth while having a reduced environmental impact (2) a comparison of propolis extracts with other staple organic extracts found improvements in profitability, produce growth speed and energy requirement (3) produce yield was increased with the use of a propolis solution compared to other organic extracts, however, a combined alcoholic extract of propolis was found to have further benefits, specifically in the prevention and neutralization of aphids.

Kearifan lokal sasi ikan lompa masyarakat desa haruku dalam menjaga kelestarian ekosistem laut: studi literatur

The local wisdom of the Maluku traditional community, especially in the practice of sasi, shows a strong understanding of the importance of nature conservation and sustainable use of natural resources. In the management of natural resources, sasi law, which is recognized both written and unwritten, is an important basis. Sasi, which is considered sacred and combines religious and traditional values, plays an important role in preserving the environment. This practice is becoming more and more crucial in the face of growing environmental harm from irresponsible behavior on the part of some people. Using secondary data found, evaluated, and integrated from previous research on the local wisdom of Sasi Ikan Lompa, this research uses literature, documents, books, and various scientific journals. The research results show that lompa fish sasi in Haruku Village, which is supported by established regulations, shows the awareness of indigenous peoples about environmental conservation. The lompa fish sasi is closed when the fish reaches the age of seven months, when the fish is in the nener phase. Coastal communities also harvest lompa fish as bait and food. Lompa fish is used as a main side dish and bait, and the people of Haruku Village also sell it to earn money. Lompa fish that is not sold can be consumed immediately or preserved for use in the next few months. The indigenous people of Haruku Village really hope to maintain and preserve local wisdom about sasi ikan lompa. This is important to maintain marine ecosystems, maintain the abundance of lompa fish, and help the community.