Sustainable Management Of Biodiversity Research Articles

Conservation of endangered tree in the coal mining area in Tabang, East Kalimantan: biodiversity offset and protection

Coal production that conducted open mining techniques transformed the ecosystem and was followed by the degradation of land quality. After the activity, biodiversity loss and water and soil damage occur in the ecosystem. This study observed the potential of endangered trees as essential elements of the ecosystem that experienced negative impacts after the coal mining activity and how to improve the situation. Vegetation analysis was conducted with eight line of plotted stripe random sampling, and followed with calculation of IVI, diversity index, and evenness index. Tree identification in the 3.2 ha of sample plot in the forest area of the coal mining concession indicated that there are 224 species of trees and 17 species are endangered with the domination of the Dipterocarpaceae family and one species is protected. Collection of seedlings and saplings of the species, followed by transferring the plants into the arboretum area developed to protect tree species in the surrounding area, could be a solution to ensure the species’ existence. Using seedlings and saplings as enrichment species in the restoration and rehabilitation area are also an application of biodiversity offset that is part of sustainable biodiversity management in the mining industry.

Habitat utilization distribution of sika deer (Cervus nippon)

Habitat-specific and movement-related behavioral studies are essential for the development of sustainable biodiversity management practices. Although the number of studies on sika deer is increasing, habitat utilization distribution (UD)-related studies remain limited. In this study, we investigated the habitat UD behavior of sika deer (Cervus nippon) using a literature survey and an experimental study on Suncheon Bonghwasan Mountain, South Korea. We reviewed home range-related literature on sika deer published between 1982 and 2019 in order to assess their estimation methods, study region, and research background. We observed that the number of studies on sika deer has increased. The minimum convex polygon (MCP) has been utilized the most to estimate habitat UD, followed by the kernel density (KD), the Brownian bridge model, and a combination of these methods. The average home ranges (95 % utilization distribution) of sika deer from the literature survey were 236.99 ha and 1183.96 ha using the minimum convex polygon and kernel density approaches, respectively. The five female deer in our experimental study on Suncheon Bonghwasan Mountain had a mean home range of 66.831 ± 15.241 ha using the MCP approach and 78.324 ± 20.82 ha using the KD approach. The UD behavior of sika deer explored in this research is expected to benefit future scholars and policymakers when formulating deer management and wildlife conservation strategies.

Spatial heterogeneity analysis of matching degree between endangered plant diversity and ecosystem services in Xishuangbanna.

Biodiversity and ecosystem services (ESs) are closely linked. Human activities have caused critical damage to the habitat and ecosystem function of organisms, leading to decline in global biodiversity and ecosystem services. To ensure sustainable development of local ecological environments, it is critical to analyze the spatial matching degree of biodiversity and ESs and identify ecologically vulnerable areas. Taking Xishuangbanna, southern China, as an example, we constructed a pixel-scale matching degree index to analyze the spatial matching degree of endangered plant diversity (EPD) and four ESs and classified the matching degree into low-low, low-high, high-low, and high-high four types. The results revealed a mismatch relationship of EPD and ESs in more than 70% of areas. Under the influence of altitude and land use/land cover (LULC) type, the matching degree of EPD and ESs showed obvious spatial heterogeneity. In low-altitude areas in the south of Xishuangbanna, EPD and ESs mainly showed mismatch, while high-altitude areas in the west had a better match. Natural forest was the main land cover in which EPD and ESs showed high-high match and its areal proportion was much larger than that of rubber plantation, tea plantation, and cropland. Our findings also stress the need to concentrate conservation efforts on areas exhibiting a low-low match relationship, indicative of potential ecological vulnerability. The pixel-scale spatial matching degree analysis framework developed in this study for EPD and ESs provides high-resolution maps with 30 m × 30 m pixel size, which can support the implementation of ecological protection measures and policy formulation, and has a wide range of applicability. This study provides valuable insights for the sustainable management of biodiversity and ESs, contributing to the strengthening of local ecological environment protection.

Prey Selection by Pitcher Plant, Nepenthes khasiana in Meghalaya, India

Nepenthes khasiana, an endangered pitcher plant endemic to Meghalaya and southern Assam, India seems to develop a pitcher for trapping small animals as their prey to supplement the nutrient deficiency which occurs in the soil. A study on the enigmatic meat-eating choice of N. khasiana is scarce. Hence, this study was conducted to find out their prey species covering all three hills of Meghalaya, India. A total of 90 pitcher samples (30 from each hill) were collected randomly and preserved in 70% alcohol which was further identified at the lower taxa level. A total of 71 species were identified up to the species level while another five were identified up to their genus level. Among this, 90.8% of species were insects (69 species) while the remaining 9.2% (7 species) were non-insect species. All these seven non-insect species belonged to single order Arachnida. The majority of them (71.1%, 54 species) were capable of flying while the remaining 28.9% (22 species) were incompetent to fly. Those species which were incompetent to fly belonged to orders Araneae, Dermaptera, Diptera, Hemiptera, Lepidoptera, and Odonata. The prey constituted the highest 23 species belonging to the order Hymenoptera followed by 11 species under Coleoptera, 9 species under Diptera, 7 species under Araneae, 6 species each under Hemiptera and Blattodea, 5 species each under Orthoptera and Lepidoptera, 2 species under Odontata and 1 species each under Mantodea and Dermaptera. The orders Hymenoptera and Diptera together contributed 83.3% of the total feeding spectrum. This further indicates the sustainable management of biodiversity securing the abundance of animal prey species for the conservation of pitcher plants in this landscape.

Impact of Native Date Palm (Phoenix sylvestris) Based Agroforestry Practice for Livelihood Improvement and Biodiversity Conservation: Insights from South-Western Zone of Bangladesh

This study aims to explore the impacts of native date palm (Phoenix sylvestris) based agroforestry practices on the livelihood status and biodiversity conservation practices in south-western zone of Bangladesh. To conduct this exploratory study, data were collected from 70 farmers of Chaugachha upazila (sub-district) under Jessore district of Bangladesh using a pre-tested structured questionnaire during the period of May to June 2022. Findings of the study revealed that a wide range of plant species were available in the study area. Among these plant species, palms comprised the highest proportion (42%) while native date palm (Phoenix sylvestris) is the most dominant (38%) among the palm species. It is evident that native date palm based agroforestry practice has significant contributions to improve the livelihood of rural farmers, as majority of the farmers (47%) had moderate status of livelihood improvement while 32% of the farmers had high status of livelihood improvement. Despite facing a variety of challenges, the farmers are willing to continue this agroforestry practice in order to receive benefits from a wide range of aspects (human, social, natural, physical and financial). Most of the farmers of the study area depends on traditional knowledge and practices to manage their agroforestry system. So, proper initiatives need to be taken by the policy makers with provision to participatory training on improved agroforestry management practices and input support services (e.g. planting material, fertilizer, irrigation facility, farm equipment etc.). Priority should be given to ensure easy access to marketing and value chain system for the farmers to make this agroforestry practice economically profitable and a viable option for the rural farmers. This will also lead to develop a sustainable biodiversity management system in Bangladesh.

How landscape characteristics in a heterogeneous oil palm plantation mitigate pest abundance: A case study from Mapiripán, Colombia

The oil palm sector is widely known for its strong impact on biodiversity and human well-being. The United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDG) framework calls for a sustainable biodiversity management approach to oil palm plantations and thereby balancing palm oil production and biodiversity conservation. Heterogeneous agricultural landscapes, comprising different vegetation types in a complex spatial pattern, provide habitat to a variety of species and support high biodiversity. Biodiversity can thus offer pest control ecosystem services to agricultural systems. However, so far it remains unclear whether landscape structure and diversity foster or mitigate pest occurrences in plantations. Our case study is the oil palm plantation of Mapiripán in Colombia, which integrates local ecosystems such as secondary forests, relict old-grown forests, riparian forests, and water body remnants in between and around the palm stands of the plantation. With this nature-improved design, we ££pose two main questions: which landscape structural properties characterize the landscape of the oil palm plantation?, and how do specific landscape structural properties foster or mitigate the presence of two main oil palm pests (the butterfly larvae split-banded owlet (Opsiphanes cassina) and the red weevil (Rhynchophorus palmarum))? We first characterize the plantation landscape with a multivariate cluster analysis which led us to identify up to nine different landscape structural types for the Macondo plantation. A mosaic of different landscape types ranging from homogeneous and simple landscapes to heterogeneous, diversified, and connected landscape types. Second, we performed an NMDS ordination to show similarities among the landscape structural types, land cover, and pest occurrence. Our results show that the integration of local ecosystems such as forests and water bodies improves landscape connectivity and suppresses the abundance of the two main oil palm pests.

Abundance, perceptions and utilizations of termite mounds in Cambodia

AbstractIn the Lower Mekong Basin, paddy fields often appear as mosaics, with soil mounds covered by trees or other plants in a spotty distribution. These soil mounds are commonly named termite ‘lenticular mounds’ because termite bioturbation is considered to be at their origin. Termite mounds host a large diversity of animals and plants, increasing landscape patchiness. Because the preservation of these islands of biodiversity is threatened by modern agricultural practices, the aim of this study was to quantify their abundance and the services they provide to the local population. The abundance of mounds and their use by the population were quantified in a catchment in Cambodia. We found that mounds density reached ~2 mounds ha−1. Interviews carried out within the catchment showed that most of the interviewees used mounds for increasing the fertility of their field and for the cultivation of rice and other plants (e.g. sponge gourd and pumpkin). In addition to their potential to increase plant productivity, the survey revealed that animals (rats and snakes), mushrooms and 13 plant species found on or in mounds were consumed by the population. In addition to potentially contributing to an increase in food diversity, mounds also impacted farmers' health by allowing access to 20 medicinal plant species and indirectly via a reduction in pesticide use. In conclusion, this study is the first attempt to quantify the large number of services provided by termite mounds in Cambodia. This increase in the knowledge of the diversity of environmental and socioeconomic services provided by termite mounds is likely to contribute to their preservation and provide a basis for the sustainable management of biodiversity in paddy fields in the Lower Mekong Basin region.

The role of biodiversity in adaptation to climate change: a review

Biodiversity and well-functioning ecosystems provide natural solutions that foster resilience, thereby assisting society in adapting to the negative effects of climate change. Through conducting a thorough review on maintaining and restoring native ecosystems, agrobiodiversity, landscape connectivity, and protected areas, this project aims to achieve its objective. Biodiversity is the variety of all living organisms on the planet. To examine the role of biodiversity in climate change adaptation, 55 distinct sources, including 50 peer-reviewed publications and 5 books, were utilized. The current analysis identifies sustainable management of biodiversity as an essential climate change adaptation strategy because species and genetically diverse ecosystems have a greater capacity to adjust to climate change. Furthermore, such measures boost the climate change resilience of ecosystems. So that they can continue to provide ecosystem services, hence facilitating the supply of alternate means of subsistence in the face of climate change. Many of these studies assume that biodiversity and climate change are tightly interconnected due to their mutual impacts. For instance, human-induced climate change poses a threat to biodiversity, but biodiversity resources can mitigate the effects of climate change on populations and ecosystems. However, a large number of research also point to context-dependent adaptation techniques that can be either positive or harmful depending on the circumstances. The majority of research has been undertaken on the poorest or most vulnerable households, with a primary focus on small islands and mountains, whereas other ecosystem products have been mostly neglected. Consequently, an essential strategy for conserving biodiversity and human well-being entails measures that are kept flexible in order to better adapt human societies to climate change, as well as biodiversity education and training activities that are superior at distributing innovative techniques.

集成生态系统服务与生物多样性的系统保护规划

PDF HTML阅读 XML下载 导出引用 引用提醒 集成生态系统服务与生物多样性的系统保护规划 DOI: 10.5846/stxb202112023396 作者: 作者单位: 作者简介: 通讯作者: 中图分类号: 基金项目: 国家自然科学基金项目（32071650，31670539）；云南省中青年学术和技术带头人后备人才项目（202105AC160070）；云南大学研究生科研创新基金项目（2021Y039） Systematic conservation planning by integrating ecosystem services and biodiversity Author: Affiliation: Fund Project: The National Natural Science Foundation of China (grants 32071650, 31670539); Young and Middle-aged Academic and Technical Leaders Reserve Talent Program of Yunnan Province (202105AC160070); Graduate Research innovation project of Yunnan University (2021Y039). 摘要 | 图/表 | 访问统计 | 参考文献 | 相似文献 | 引证文献 | 资源附件 | 文章评论 摘要:生物多样性和生态系统服务的保护与可持续管理是当今世界面临的重大挑战之一，但如何判识与优化集成生态系统服务与生物多样性保护对象的保护优先区网络，相关研究还很有限。针对"三江并流"区，选取珍稀濒危与特有动植物物种和自然植被类型作为生物多样性保护对象，以调节服务（碳存储、固碳和土壤保持）、文化服务（自然游憩）和供给服务（水源供给）为生态系统服务保护对象。应用系统保护规划方法，首先判识出单一生物多样性和生态系统服务保护优先区；然后，分析这些保护优先区间的相关关系，并选择与生物多样性正相关的生态系统服务类型，判识集成生态系统服务与生物多样性的保护优先区；最后，评估了集成生态系统服务与生物多样性保护优先区在六类已建保护地中的保护状况。结果表明：（1）"三江并流"区多情景规划得到的生物多样性与生态系统服务保护优先区之间均呈正相关关系；（2）与分别针对生态系统服务和生物多样性的规划情景相比，集成生态系统服务与生物多样性保护优先区能够同时对两类保护对象提供最高的保护覆盖率；（3）集成生态系统服务和生物多样性保护优先区占研究区总面积的48.9%，其已建保护地覆盖率为32.5%，说明现有保护地体系仍存在保护空缺。 Abstract:Conservation and sustainable management of biodiversity and ecosystem services are one of the major challenges faced by the world today. However, there is still limited research on how to identify and optimize the portfolio of priority conservation areas (PCAs) that integrate ecosystem services and biodiversity as conservation targets. Using the Three Parallel Rivers Region (TPRR) as a case, this study selected representative conservation features for both biodiversity and ecosystem services; biodiversity conservation features included the rare, endangered and endemic plant and animal species and natural vegetation types; ecosystem-service conservation features included regulation services (carbon storage, carbon sequestration and soil retention), cultural services (natural recreation) and supply services (water supply). We firstly identified the individual portfolio of PCAs for biodiversity and each type of ecosystem services by applying a systematic conservation planning approach, respectively. Then, we analyzed the relationship between these different portfolios of PCAs. We identified the PCAs by integrating biodiversity and ecosystem services that had a portfolio of PCAs being positively correlated with biodiversity PCAs. Finally, we assessed the conservation status of the integrated PCAs within six categories of the existing protected areas. The results showed that:(1) there was a positive relationship between different portfolios of the PCAs identified for biodiversity and each type of ecosystem service in TPRR; (2) In comparison with planning scenarios for ecosystem services and biodiversity separately, the PCAs integrating ecosystem services and biodiversity could simultaneously provide the highest coverage for all biodiversity features and ecosystem services; (3) The PCAs integrating ecosystem services and biodiversity covered 48.9% of the study area, and received 32.5% coverage from the protected areas, indicating that conservation gaps still existed in the existing protected-area system. 参考文献 相似文献 引证文献

Corporate biodiversity management and organisational change mechanisms: The case of a tea producer in Sri Lanka

AbstractCorporate biodiversity management (CBDM) is a primary environmental concern in the food and beverage industry, especially the tea sector. However, the way tea‐producing companies pursue sustainable biodiversity management practices, and how these practices lead to organisational change at the lower tiers of the food supply chain remain under‐researched. Using alternative models of organisational change and data from interviews, field visits, and documents, this study analyses the practices adopted by a tea producer in a highly environmentally sensitive area in Sri Lanka, and how these practices have led to organisational change. The findings show that environmental disturbances in the tea industry's value chain primarily influence the organisation's design archetypes, in turn leading to CBDM through organisational subsystems and interpretive schemes. The study shows that adopting CBDM practices gradually and consistently leads to sustainable outcomes over time.

Direction, not detail: Progress towards consensus at the fourth intergovernmental conference on biodiversity beyond national jurisdiction

After a two year delay caused by the COVID-19 pandemic, the fourth intergovernmental conference (IGC-4) in the negotiations for a new UN treaty to address the conservation and sustainable management of biodiversity beyond national jurisdiction (BBNJ) took place in March 2022. This meeting differed substantially from previous IGCs in terms of process, with much of the discussions occurring in ‘informal informals,’ or off-the-record meetings open only to delegates and registered observers. Additionally, in-person participation was extremely limited and observers only had access to web broadcasts, i.e., no in-person interactions with delegates. A draft text of the treaty was circulated in advance and provided the basis for discussion and negotiation at the meeting. This paper examines IGC-4 in line with previous analyses of the first three IGCs, tracing the process and outcomes to date, aiming to understand the factors and players that are building a new BBNJ agreement. Key themes explored include marine genetic resources (MGRs), area-based management tools, including marine protected areas (ABMTs/MPAs), environmental impact assessment (EIA), and capacity building and transfer of marine technology (CB/TMT). Some progress toward consensus has been made, buoyed by intersessional discussions, but several sticking points remain with regard to definitions, content, and processes enshrined in the draft treaty, and a fifth IGC is scheduled to take place from 15 to 26 August 2022.

Spatial distribution maps of real-time ocean observation platforms and sensors in Japanese waters

Ocean observations are required to provide timely evidence of facts about the ocean in order to evaluate the sustainable management of biodiversity, climate change, fisheries, mineral resources, tourism, and any other anthropogenic activities that support blue economy policymaking. In Japan, this is particularly crucial given that it is an islandic country stretching from north to south, thereby having a diverse coastal environment. Although tremendous efforts towards ocean observations have been made, coordination among sectors is not always sufficient, which prevented availing the comprehensive capacity of ocean observation. In this study, the existing observation platforms and installed sensors, particularly fixed platforms that enable real-time data transmission, were reviewed, and the spatial distribution of them was investigated. It was confirmed that a large number of observation networks cover Japanese waters; however, many of those platforms were used for single purpose, and the spatial coverage was still considerably limited for some sensors, such as salinity, dissolved oxygen, and chlorophyll a. It must be noted that this study intentionally limited the data sources of platforms/sensors to the disclosed data on public reports and/or websites, in order to raise a discussion about information disclosure of observation efforts, conducted by numerous stakeholders. Based on this information, we recommend extending the capacity of ocean observation by utilizing existing platforms rather than constructing new platforms, in order to enhance cost-effectiveness.

Woody species dynamics in Sheka Forest Biosphere Reserve, Southwest Ethiopia

Understanding the dynamics of woody species diversity is the foundation for designing sustainable biodiversity management strategies. Despite an extensive history of cross-sectional ecological studies, scientific gen on the dynamics of woody species diversity over time and space is rare and mostly unexplored in the last remaining Eastern Afromontane Forests. This study aimed to examine the spatial and temporal dynamics of woody species composition, structure, and diversity in the Sheka Forest Biosphere Reserve (SFBR). Data were collected from a total of 43 permanent plots with a dimension of 10 m × 50 m that were laid along the altitudinal gradient. In both 2000 and 2021, the same permanent plots were used and the same approach was followed. Diversity indices and Wilcoxon paired-sample test were employed for the comparison of changes. One hundred one woody species that belong to 84 genera and 41 families and 62 woody species that belong to 54 genera and 32 families were recorded in 2000 and 2021, respectively. During the present study, 47 woody species from the 2000 inventory list including three endemics were not encountered, while eight new species were recorded. The aggregated density and total basal area of woody species decreased from 2590 ± 536 ha−1 to 2454 ± 300 ha−1, and 101.3 m2ha−1 to 72m2ha−1, respectively. The dominant woody species was Ficus sur in 2000, while it was shifted to Coffea arabica in 2021. Woody species richness, evenness, and diversity significantly reduced during the study period. In the mid and lower altitudes with lower slope gradients, where settlement and agricultural expansion were prevalent, the greatest decline in woody species richness, diversity, and evenness, and highest turnover were recorded. Unsustainable use for construction, energy production, creation of job opportunities (income generation), as well as the conversion of forestland to farmland resulted in the rapid decline and massive turnover of woody species diversity. It is important to develop and execute comprehensive sustainable forest management strategies, which include diversification of energy sources and use of energy-saving technologies, strengthening tree planting and management practices for household use and income generation, and diversification of eco-friendly livelihood options. The conservation of endemic and priority species is indispensable to maintaining ecosystem integrity and species diversity.

Conventions

We are living at a time when we need to act decisively to produce global agreements on sustainability, social inclusion and poverty reduction, climate resilience and the conservation and sustainable management of biodiversity. From a global perspective, the prevailing trajectories of economic growth have put at risk the survival of at least two of the systems that sustain human well-being on the planet: climate and biological diversity. There is a clear scientific consensus (IPCC 2021, 2018; IPBES 2019) that indicates an alarming planetary risk due to the deterioration of these two systems and points to human activity as the main factor responsible.

Threats to Fish Biodiversity in Bangladesh Waters and Measures for Revival of Declining Population

Bangladesh is rich in fish biodiversity covering interconnected riverine, coastal and marine habitats. Many researchers reported different potentials and threats of biodiversity and suggested measures to minimize the threats. Revival story of hilsa and relevant fish population revealed hopes and ways of sustainable biodiversity management. We attempted to compile the fragmentary fish biodiversity information, described the revival story of hilsa and other important fish along with the threats and challenges of the fish biodiversity and suggested measures for the sustainable management of the fish biodiversity. Freshwater habitats are rich in biodiversity with 265 fresh water fish species. The Meghna River supports the highest 200 fish species as a single river. The marine habitat covers an area of 118,813 km2 that produces 0.66 million tons of fish annually and owned 475 species in 1971, but recent exploration suggests the existence of 394 species. However, the species diversities are increasingly facing threats from direct and indirect anthropogenic activities including juvenile catch, overexploitation, creating obstructions in the migratory routes, pollutions and climate change. Hilsa, the most important species also severely faced these threats and as a result, the production declined to below 0.20 million tons in 2002-2003. Joint efforts of all stakeholders through incentive based co-management led to the hilsa fishery revival, and its production reached 0.533 million tons in 2019. Along with the hilsa, other interdependent species, especially four important catfish species ( Pangasius pangasius, Sperata aor, Bagarius bagarius and Rita rita ) have also revived remarkably. Following the lessons learned from the revival of fishery, several management measures focusing on juvenile conservation, protection of broodstock, harmful gear elimination, optimum exploitation, pollution control, incentive-based co-management, habitat protection, restoration and rehabilitation are suggested to ensure maximum sustainable productions and biodiversity conservation focusing on vulnerable and threatened species and improved livelihoods resilience of fishers through good governance.

Gender Roles and Utilization of Indigenous Knowledge Systems in the Management of Forest Biodiversity

This study was aimed at assessing the gender roles and utilization of indigenous knowledge in the management of forest biodiversity in Zimbabwe. The study also sought to find out the known indigenous knowledge systems utilized by men and women in the management of the forest biodiversity, the roles played by both men and women in the management of the forest biodiversity and the challenges faced by men and women in the management of the forest biodiversity. Qualitative methodology was utilized while a case study research design of Madondo communal lands was utilized. Data was collected using key informant interviews and semi-structured interviews. The study findings indicate that the potential of utilizing indigenous knowledge for conservation of the forest biodiversity is enormous but the sustainability of this knowledge is seriously threatened. The study concludes that both men and women play a central role in the conservation and sustainable use of natural resources and that there is need to integrate the gender roles into strategies for sustainable biodiversity management.

IMPACT OF GOLD MINING ON FLORA: THE CASE OF THE SISSENGUE GOLD MINE (NORTHERN COTE DIVOIRE)

This study was initiated to contribute to the sustainable management of biodiversity in mining sites in Cote dIvoire. Its objective is to determine the impacts of gold mining activities on the flora of the Sissengue gold mine located in the department of Tengrela in northern Cote dIvoire. The flora inventory was conducted along a 500 m transect combined with the surface survey and roving inventory methods. The surface survey method consisted of delimiting a 25 m x 25 m (400 m2) plot at the end of each transect. In total, nine (09) types of land use were identified in the site, namely annual crops, perennial crops, open forests, forest galleries, tree savannahs, shrub savannahs, burned areas, lakes or water reservoirs, and locality. The floristic inventories carried out in seven (07) types of land occupations allowed the identification of 207 plant species distributed among 155 genera and 61 families. In addition, thirteen (13) species with special ecological status and seven (07) species included in the IUCN red list, four of which are vulnerable. However, the floristic diversity is low in all plant formations with an average of 1.91. The shrubby savannahs record the highest densities with 1705 stems/ha while the forest galleries and open forests record the highest values of basal area, with respectively 37.2 m2/ha and 28.1 m2/ha. These vegetation formations are disturbed by the mines gold mining activities. Efforts to conserve areas dedicated to biodiversity conservation must be a priority for mining sites in Cote dIvoire.

Local Population’s Knowledge And Perceptions On The Biodiversity And Conservation Status Of Land Snails In The Region Of Lamto Reserve At The Centre Of Ivory Coast

Local population can play an important role in the sustainable management of biodiversity in protected area. This paper focuses on investigating local population’s knowledge and perceptions on land snail’s biodiversity and conservation status, by (1) testing their ability to recognize different species of land snails, (2) examining the factors involved in the reduction of land snail’s biodiversity, and (3) collecting their points of view on land snail’s biodiversity conservation status. Two hundred and sixty (260) people from four villages around Lamto Reserve were interviewed using structured questionnaire with six land snails supporting photos (three macro snails and three micro snails). The results showed that all the respondents had at least once seen the macro snails selected. More than 78% were able to recognize them without the pictures and more than 88% with the pictures. More than 85% of respondents had at least once seen the selected micro snails. Only less than 25% were able to recognize them with the pictures and less than 8% without the pictures. The considered socio-demographic variables were significantly associated with knowledge of the selected land snails. Climate change and human activities (pesticides overuse, edible land snail’s consumption and selling and forest fires) have been mentioned by local population as the fundamental causes involved in land snail’s biodiversity reduction in this region. The number of respondents with positive attitude (62.91%) towards land snail’s biodiversity conservation in Lamto Reserve was significantly higher than the one with negative attitude (37.69%) (P<0.001). Lamto Reserve management staff must increase the consciousness raising campaign in rural communities close to the Reserve in order to reduce the number of people who do not support biodiversity conservation.

Revisiting the Diversity of Barbonymus (Cypriniformes, Cyprinidae) in Sundaland Using DNA-Based Species Delimitation Methods

Biodiversity hotspots often suffer from a lack of taxonomic knowledge, particularly those in tropical regions. However, accurate taxonomic knowledge is needed to support sustainable management of biodiversity, especially when it is harvested for human sustenance. Sundaland, the biodiversity hotspot encompassing the islands of Java, Sumatra, Borneo, and Peninsular Malaysia, is one of those. With more than 900 species, its freshwater ichthyofauna includes a large number of medium- to large-size species, which are targeted by inland fisheries. Stock assessment requires accurate taxonomy; however, several species groups targeted by inland fisheries are still poorly known. One of those cases is the cyprinid genus Barbonymus. For this study, we assembled a consolidated DNA barcode reference library for Barbonymus spp. of Sundaland, consisting of mined sequences from BOLD, as well as newly generated sequences for hitherto under-sampled islands such as Borneo. A total of 173 sequences were analyzed using several DNA-based species delimitation methods. We unambiguously detected a total of 6 Molecular Operational Taxonomic Units (MOTUs) and were able to resolve several conflicting assignments to the species level. Furthermore, we clarified the identity of MOTUs occurring in Java.

Assessing South Africa’s Potential to Address Climate Change Impacts and Adaptation in the Fisheries Sector

The marine fisheries sector is one of the most important income sectors in South Africa and plays an important role in food security for small-scale and subsistence fishers. Climate-driven impacts have resulted in distribution shifts and declines in abundance of important fisheries targets, with negative consequences to the users dependent on these resources. The sustainability of the sector depends on its readiness to adapt to climate change. The inclusion of climate change impacts and adaptation in fisheries management documents in South Africa is essential to ensure adequate climate adaptation responses are implemented at the short- and long-term. This study aims to 1) determine if the relevant fisheries national management documents address climate change and adaptation, 2) determine if the relevant national climate change documents address climate change and adaptation in the fisheries sector and 3) evaluate the extent to which fisheries management documents address climate change and adaptation. A content analysis of fisheries management and climate change documents was carried out to determine if they incorporated information on climate change impacts and adaptation and marine fisheries respectively. Fisheries management documents were then screened against nine pre-determined criteria (or themes) based on climate change adaptation to determine the level of inclusion of best practice for climate change adaptation. Results indicate that climate change impacts and adaptation are rarely incorporated in the main fisheries management documents, except for the Climate Change Adaptation and Mitigation Plan for the agriculture, fisheries and forestry sectors. However, this document is still waiting to be adopted. The only direct reference identified in all the fisheries documents that supports climate change adaptation was ‘conservation and sustainable management of biodiversity’. With regards to indirect references to climate change adaptation, ‘equity,’ ‘participatory management,’ and ‘capacity building’ were most frequently incorporated in fisheries management documents. There is a need to explicitly incorporate information on climate change impacts and adaptation in South African fisheries management documents and increase the human and financial capacity at national institutions to ensure that the fisheries sector can adequately adapt to climate change.