Sustainable Housing Solutions Research Articles

Sustainable development in affordable housing: Policy innovations and challenges

As the global urban population continues to expand, the need for affordable and sustainable housing solutions becomes increasingly urgent. This review explores policy innovations and challenges in the realm of sustainable development for affordable housing. It aims to provide a comprehensive analysis of how sustainable practices can be integrated into affordable housing policies and the obstacles faced in implementing these strategies. Sustainable development in affordable housing encompasses environmental, economic, and social dimensions. Environmentally, it involves the use of green building materials, energy-efficient designs, and sustainable construction practices that minimize carbon footprints. Economically, sustainable affordable housing seeks to reduce long-term costs for residents through energy savings and maintenance efficiencies. Socially, it aims to create healthy, inclusive, and resilient communities. Policy innovations in this field have shown promising results. Green building standards, such as Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design (LEED) and the Passive House standard, have been adapted to affordable housing projects, demonstrating that sustainability and affordability can coexist. Governments and organizations have introduced various incentives and financing mechanisms, such as grants, low-interest loans, and tax credits, to promote green affordable housing. Additionally, public-private partnerships have been instrumental in driving sustainable affordable housing developments, leveraging the strengths of both sectors. However, significant challenges remain. One of the primary obstacles is the higher initial cost associated with sustainable building practices, which can deter investment in affordable housing projects. There are also regulatory and policy barriers that can complicate the implementation of sustainable practices. Furthermore, a lack of awareness and technical expertise in sustainable construction among developers and builders poses another significant hurdle. Case studies from different regions highlight both the successes and challenges of integrating sustainability into affordable housing. For instance, projects in Europe have successfully combined affordability with high environmental standards, while initiatives in developing countries have faced more pronounced financial and regulatory challenges. The review concludes that while policy innovations have made strides in promoting sustainable development in affordable housing, addressing the existing challenges requires concerted efforts from governments, private sector stakeholders, and communities. Future directions should focus on enhancing financial models, streamlining regulatory frameworks, and building capacity for sustainable practices. This comprehensive approach will be crucial for achieving long-term sustainability and affordability in housing.

Supply chain management and operational efficiency in affordable housing: An integrated review

Effective supply chain management (SCM) and operational efficiency are critical to the successful delivery of affordable housing projects. This integrated review explores how SCM and operational practices impact the development and sustainability of affordable housing, highlighting strategies that enhance project efficiency and cost-effectiveness. Supply chain management in affordable housing involves coordinating the flow of materials, information, and services from suppliers to construction sites. Efficient SCM ensures that resources are delivered on time, within budget, and to the required quality standards, which is crucial for maintaining project schedules and controlling costs. Key components of SCM in this sector include procurement, logistics, inventory management, and supplier relationship management. Effective SCM practices help mitigate risks related to delays, cost overruns, and quality issues. Operational efficiency in affordable housing focuses on optimizing construction processes, minimizing waste, and enhancing productivity. This involves adopting best practices in construction management, such as lean construction techniques, modular and prefabricated building methods, and advanced project management tools. Operational efficiency also extends to the management of workforce resources, ensuring that labor is effectively utilized and that productivity is maximized. The review integrates insights from various case studies and industry reports to illustrate how SCM and operational efficiency practices can be applied in affordable housing projects. For instance, the adoption of just-in-time inventory systems and the use of technology for real-time tracking and coordination have proven effective in reducing costs and improving delivery times. Additionally, lean construction methods have demonstrated their potential in enhancing project efficiency and reducing waste. However, challenges remain, including supply chain disruptions, fluctuating material costs, and coordination issues among stakeholders. Addressing these challenges requires a collaborative approach, involving stakeholders such as developers, contractors, suppliers, and policymakers. In conclusion, effective supply chain management and operational efficiency are essential for the successful development of affordable housing. By adopting best practices and leveraging technology, stakeholders can improve project outcomes, reduce costs, and enhance the overall efficiency of affordable housing projects. This integrated review underscores the importance of SCM and operational practices in achieving sustainable and cost-effective housing solutions.

Economic and social impact of affordable housing policies: A comparative review

Affordable housing policies play a pivotal role in shaping the economic and social landscapes of nations, especially in the context of growing urbanization and income inequality. This comparative review examines the economic and social impacts of various affordable housing policies across different countries, providing a comprehensive analysis of their effectiveness and broader implications. Economic impacts of affordable housing policies are multifaceted, influencing job creation, economic growth, and household stability. By increasing the supply of affordable housing, these policies can stimulate construction and related industries, leading to significant job creation and economic activity. Affordable housing also enhances household stability by reducing housing costs, allowing for greater disposable income and increased consumer spending. This review explores how policies such as tax incentives, subsidies, and inclusionary zoning have been utilized to promote affordable housing development and their resultant economic benefits. Social impacts of affordable housing policies are equally significant, affecting community cohesion, health outcomes, and educational attainment. Stable and affordable housing contributes to improved mental and physical health by reducing stress and exposure to poor living conditions. Furthermore, it enhances educational outcomes for children by providing a stable home environment conducive to learning. This review discusses policies such as rent control, public housing initiatives, and housing vouchers, highlighting their role in fostering social inclusion and reducing disparities. Case studies from diverse regions, including the United States, Singapore, and Brazil, illustrate the varied approaches and outcomes of affordable housing policies. In the United States, the Low-Income Housing Tax Credit (LIHTC) program has been instrumental in increasing affordable housing supply and promoting economic development in underserved areas. Singapore's Housing and Development Board (HDB) has successfully provided high-quality, affordable housing to a majority of its population, significantly enhancing social stability. Brazil's Minha Casa Minha Vida program showcases how large-scale public housing initiatives can address housing deficits and improve living standards for low-income families. The review concludes that while affordable housing policies have distinct economic and social impacts, their success largely depends on contextual factors such as policy design, implementation strategies, and local economic conditions. Policymakers must consider these factors to create effective and sustainable housing solutions that promote both economic prosperity and social well-being. Keywords: Economic, Social: Impact, Affordable Housing, Policies.

Project Politics in Public Housing in Small Island Developing States: A Case Study of Cost and Revenue

Purpose: This research aims to explore the intricate dynamics of project politics in public housing development within Small Island Developing States (SIDS), with a particular focus on the interplay between costs and revenue. Methodology: Utilizing a detailed case study approach, this paper investigates a specific public housing project in a SIDS, analyzing the political dynamics surrounding its cost and revenue aspects. Findings: The study reveals that political factors significantly influence decision-making processes, resource allocation, and the financial viability of public housing projects in SIDS. Political interference often results in resource misallocation, cost overruns, and inefficiencies in revenue generation. Additionally, patronage and nepotism lead to housing resource distribution based on political favoritism rather than genuine need, undermining the effectiveness and fairness of public housing initiatives. Contribution to Theory, Policy, and Practice: This research underscores the critical importance of addressing project politics to ensure sustainable and effective housing solutions in SIDS. By highlighting the need for enhanced financial viability, transparency, and accountability in public housing projects, this study contributes valuable insights to the theoretical understanding of development politics. It also offers practical recommendations for policymakers to mitigate political interference, thereby fostering equitable and sustainable public housing solutions in SIDS.

Assessment of Stakeholders’ Engagement and Participation in Mass Housing Development

This paper examines stakeholder engagement and participation in mass housing development projects within Abuja's Public-Private Partnership (PPP) initiatives. Through case studies of prominent projects like Sunnyvale Estate, Garki II District Development, and the Life Camp Extension Project, it aims to explore the multifaceted roles of government agencies, private entities, local communities, residents, and the limited involvement of non-governmental organizations (NGOs) and advocacy groups. Drawing from extensive literature, the study delves into the theoretical underpinnings of stakeholder engagement within the context of Public-Private Partnerships and housing development, emphasizing the importance of transparency, accountability, and social acceptance. Methodologically, the study adopts a qualitative approach, employing case studies and literature review to analyze the extent of stakeholder involvement in Abuja's mass housing projects, with a focus on government agencies, private developers, local communities, residents, and NGOs. Results and discussion underscore the significant roles played by government agencies and private developers in driving housing development projects, while also acknowledging the active participation of local communities and residents. However, the limited involvement of NGOs and advocacy groups poses challenges to achieving inclusive and sustainable housing solutions in Abuja. In conclusion, the paper emphasizes the importance of enhancing stakeholder engagement and participation to address Abuja's housing challenges effectively, advocating for transparency, accountability, and inclusivity in future PPP housing projects. Recommendations include prioritizing community involvement in decision-making processes, adopting socially responsible practices by private developers, and strengthening the role of NGOs and advocacy groups in advocating for housing rights and social equity.

Designing for Modern Living

This study delves into the evolving landscape of modern living in South Korea, which has the widespread apartment complexes that have emerged from the efficiency centric approaches of industrial capitalism. It explores the paradigm shift in the 21st-century capitalist society, which now values creativity and individual expression over functionality and uniformity. This shift has led to a noticeable disparity between the monotonous spatial composition of mass-produced housing and the dynamic, creative lifestyles of contemporary residents. The research method involves a comprehensive analysis of both lifestyle and architectural magazines, providing insights into the changing preferences and lifestyles of residents, as well as the perspectives of professionals. The study aimed to highlight the changing nature of residential spaces and the design strategies, moving away from the conventional utility-focused designs, towards environments that foster creativity and reflect the individuality of inhabitants. Key findings indicate a growing public preference for residential spaces that are versatile, creatively stimulating, and aligned with the multifaceted nature of modern lifestyles. Contrasting these views, architectural experts emphasize the fundamental values of living, advocating for spaces that connect residents with nature and enrich everyday experiences through sensory engagement. The study concludes that while there is a divergence in perspectives between the general public and architectural specialists, both recognize the necessity for sustainable housing solutions. These solutions should cater to contemporary societal changes while preserving essential life values, thereby overcoming the limitations of the prevalent apartment centric urban housing model in South Korea.

Flooded architecture as an adaptation tool for climate change impact—a case study of possible interpretation in Egypt

In light of the current global environmental issues, such as floods, underground water problems, and soil salinity, there is a growing need for sustainable architectural and housing solutions that can effectively address the impact of these challenges on food and security (Nation 2002). In Egypt, frequent incidents of flooding and sinking roads and cities are observed, particularly after rainfall or in projects that involve underground water drainage (UN-Habitat 2022). This paper explores the concept of flooded architecture, which involves designing buildings and spaces that are intentionally flooded with water. Through a review of relevant literature and case studies, the paper investigates the potential benefits and drawbacks of this approach nationally inside Egypt, structure, and construction used materials, including its impact on energy efficiency, sustainability, and resilience to natural disasters. The findings suggest that flooded architecture has the potential to offer innovative solutions for a range of environmental and social challenges but also raises important questions around safety, maintenance, and cultural acceptance in Egypt.

Interior Design Patterns and Sustainable Housing Solutions: Insights from a Slum Community in North-West Delhi, India

This scholarly investigation embarks on an in-depth analysis of the multifaceted and complex realm of urban informality, with a particular focus on the intricacies involved in the construction of residential spaces within informal settlements. At the heart of this study lies the transformative urban phenomenon predominantly witnessed in the developing world during the early 21st century. This era has marked a paradigm shift in urban informality, transcending its previous association exclusively with impoverished communities. Informality has now emerged as a predominant and influential model in the landscape of metropolitan urbanization. Significantly, informal settlements have burgeoned into pivotal residential areas, accommodating an ever-increasing portion of the urban populace. These settlements are primarily inhabited by individuals migrating from rural areas in pursuit of enhanced life prospects, thus contributing to a marked population shift. According to the United Nations, approximately one billion people, or nearly a quarter of the world's urban population, reside in informal settlements, highlighting the urgency and scale of this global issue. The ongoing trend of urbanization places immense strain on urban infrastructure and resources. One of the most pressing challenges is ensuring the availability of adequate space and affordable housing for these migrants. Many rural migrants, constrained by limited financial resources and often possessing insufficient savings, are unable to afford housing within formally planned and developed areas. Consequently, they resort to residing in informal settlements, which have become vital components of the urban economic fabric. This research project delves into the nuanced and formidable challenges encountered by these poor migrants as they endeavour to create homes in urban settings. The study aims to provide a thorough understanding of the process involved in acquiring and constructing a home within these informal environments. It also seeks to shed light on the myriad struggles and complexities that are intertwined with this endeavor. An essential element of this inquiry is the examination of the residents' remarkable ingenuity in managing and adapting their living spaces. This includes innovative approaches to space optimization, strategic arrangement of furnishings and furniture, and the adept use of everyday utility items to enhance their living conditions. To ground this research in tangible experiences, Ekta Camp has been chosen as a focal case study. This informal settlement, designated as a notified slum in the 2010 census, offers its residents access to basic services, though they lack formal land rights. By conducting a detailed exploration of the living conditions, experiences, and adaptive practices of the inhabitants of Ekta Camp, this study makes a significant contribution to our understanding of informal settlements. The insights gleaned from this research are poised to influence broader discussions on sustainable and inclusive housing strategies. Moreover, the findings hold the potential to inform future policies and planning in formal housing and urban development, offering innovative and practical solutions that can be applied to similar contexts globally. This research underscores the importance of re-evaluating and re-envisioning housing policies to better accommodate and integrate the growing population in informal settlements, thereby contributing to the creation of more equitable and sustainable urban landscapes.

Making Slum Resettlement More Affordable Through Innovative Techniques

This research paper delves into the pressing issue of slum resettlement in Indore, India, exploring innovative techniques to make such resettlement more affordable. With rapid urbanization, slums have become a prominent feature of many Indian cities, presenting complex challenges related to housing, infrastructure, and socio-economic development. In this paper, we analysis the existing strategies for slum resettlement in Indore and propose innovative techniques to enhance affordability, sustainability, and community engagement in the resettlement process. Through a combination of qualitative and quantitative research methods, including case studies , existing literature and surveys . we highlight the potential of innovative approaches involves the use of eco-friendly building materials and construction methods to create affordable and environmentally sustainable housing solutions, green infrastructure, Modular construction methods , and public-private partnerships to address the affordability gap in slum resettlement. The findings underscore the importance of holistic, community- centered solutions to improve living conditions and foster inclusive urban development in Indore and beyond. The urgent need for sustainable solutions is underscored by the detrimental effects of slum living on residents health, well-being, and socio-economic prospects. Innovative approaches hold the potential to mitigate these challenges while fostering inclusive urban development. Keywords : Slum Resettlement , Affordable , Innovative Techniques .

Resilient and regenerative sustainable urban housing solutions for Nigeria

This paper looks into the analysis and presentation of case studies and best practices of successful resilient and regenerative housing projects in developed nations. The primary objective is to identify key factors behind their success and explore their potential for scalability and replicability across diverse urban contexts in Nigeria. The study examines various case studies, focusing on understanding the design, implementation, and outcomes of these sustainable housing projects. Through a comprehensive analysis of the selected case studies, the paper identifies the crucial success factors and lessons learned, emphasizing their contributions to sustainability, climate responsiveness, and community well-being. Moreover, it assesses the applicability of these practices in the Nigerian context, considering the country's unique climate zones and urban challenges. The study also explores potential barriers and opportunities for scaling up and replicating these housing solutions in different urban settings within Nigeria. It proposes tailored strategies for adapting and implementing resilient and regenerative housing practices, with a particular emphasis on integrating climate-responsive design, net-zero energy goals, and community engagement. To further enhance the sustainability of Nigerian housing developments, the paper advocates for the incorporation of green infrastructure, circular economy principles, and innovative water management solutions. Additionally, it highlights the importance of data-driven approaches and smart technologies in architecture and urban planning to support evidence-based decision-making and optimize the design and implementation of sustainable housing projects. Through this comprehensive analysis, the paper provides tailored strategies and recommendations for policy-makers, architects, urban planners, and stakeholders involved in sustainable housing development in Nigeria. By leveraging the valuable insights derived from successful practices in developed nations, Nigeria can pave the way for resilient and regenerative housing projects, contributing to a sustainable, prosperous future for its diverse and rapidly growing urban population.

A Multi-Objective Optimization Method for the Design of a Sustainable House in Ecuador by Assessing LCC and LCEI

The building industry significantly contributes to global warming, driving the demand for sustainable construction and green buildings. However, barriers like cost concerns and limited knowledge persist. Previous studies have used multi-objective optimization (MOO) to minimize life cycle cost and environmental impact, often emphasizing energy efficiency. In equatorial climates, unique factors like material selection must be considered. This study assesses the cost-effectiveness of sustainable materials, focusing on envelope materials in Ecuador. The case study is a single-family house in the equatorial climate, optimized using Building Information Modeling (BIM), Life Cycle Assessment (LCA), and Life Cycle Cost Analysis (LCCA). In this study, a MOO process using the weighted sum approach (WSA) identifies sustainable house designs. The sustainable houses achieve a 98% decrease in Ozone Depletion Potential, a 75% reduction in Global Warming Potential, and a 45% drop in Primary Energy Demand, although they still incur a 30% increased cost. The results offer a foundation for cost-effective, eco-friendly housing solutions. Bamboo emerges as a promising material with local acceptance. This research highlights the significance of material selection in sustainable construction and provides a replicable approach for diverse settings. It aims to promote sustainable housing solutions in Ecuador and beyond.

Liveability Considerations: Towards Designing Sustainable Public Housing in Niger State, Nigeria

This study investigates liveability in the context of sustainable public housing in Niger State, Nigeria, where existing housing efforts have fallen short of residents' satisfaction. Recognizing the critical link between liveability indicators and environmental sustainability, this research aims to identify key liveability variables that could be integrated into the design and construction of sustainable public housing. Employing a mixed-method approach, the study involved cluster sampling for selecting housing estates and units, followed by the administration of 910 questionnaires containing 102 questions on liveability variables. Analytical techniques, including Hierarchical Cluster Analysis, Factor Analysis, and Multiple Regression Analysis, were used to group, refine, and validate the liveability variables. The results revealed 21 significant variables that collectively could achieve a 92.9% satisfaction rate among residents if incorporated into public housing design. These findings underline the potential of addressing liveability in the pursuit of sustainable housing solutions, offering insights for urban planners, architects, and policymakers. By focusing on the residents' perspectives, the study contributes to a more user-centred approach in public housing development, promoting long-term satisfaction and reducing the need for post-occupancy alterations.

Locational, neighbourhood and physical characteristics of residential rental properties: A review

The residential rental market plays a crucial role in housing provision, yet our understanding of its locational, neighborhood, and physical characteristics remains limited. This paper presents a comprehensive review of existing literature pertaining to these fundamental aspects of residential rental properties. By synthesizing findings from a wide range of academic studies and reports, we aim to shed light on the key factors that influence the rental property landscape. The study strategically explores the locational attributes that impact rental property preferences and values. This includes proximity to essential amenities such as schools, hospitals, public transportation, and commercial centers. Understanding how these locational factors influence rental demand and pricing patterns can provide valuable insights for both renters and landlords., Investigate the role of neighborhood characteristics in shaping rental markets. Neighborhood safety, accessibility to recreational areas, quality of public services, and social demographics are among the key factors that influence rental property selection. By analyzing these features, we identify potential correlations between neighborhood attributes and rental property performance., the study delves into the physical characteristics of residential rental properties. This aspect involves examining the features of the properties themselves, such as property size, layout, age, and amenities. Understanding how these physical attributes affect rental values and tenant satisfaction can help property owners optimize their investments and improve tenant retention. Moreover, in this study the review addresses the dynamic interplay between locational, neighborhood, and physical factors in shaping rental property markets. By recognizing the complex relationships between these variables, policymakers, real estate developers, and investors can devise informed strategies to create sustainable and inclusive rental housing solutions. The paper concludes with a call for further research in this field, emphasizing the need for empirical studies that capture changing rental market dynamics, especially in the context of evolving urban landscapes and housing preferences. Through this comprehensive review, we aim to contribute to a deeper understanding of locational, neighborhood, and physical characteristics in residential rental properties, thus enabling more effective and evidence-based decision-making within the rental housing sector.

Comparing Sustainability and Affordability: a Study of Prefabricated Versus Conventional Construction for Housing of Economically Weaker Sections

This research aims to compare the sustainability and affordability of prefabricated housing with conventional construction for economically weaker sections (EWS) in India. The study analyzes the embodied energy, embodied carbon, and cost per functional unit for both construction methods. The findings reveal that prefabricated construction exhibits lower embodied energy and carbon emissions. However, it is observed that the initial cost of prefabricated construction is higher compared to conventional methods. The long-term cost implications are subject to specific project requirements and local conditions. This research highlights the potential of prefabrication in addressing the housing crisis and emphasizes the need for further exploration to optimize its cost-effectiveness. The outcomes contribute to the growing body of knowledge on sustainable housing solutions for EWS communities in India.

INVESTIGATING THE INFLUENCE OF HOMEBUYERS’ SOCIODEMOGRAPHIC FACTORS ON PREFERENCES OF SUSTAINABLE AFFORDABLE HOUSING

Low- and middle-income groups face difficulties in homeownership because of the urbanisation and rising living standards, in which they rely heavily on the government’s housing provision. Yet, affordable housing provided in Malaysia has been repeatedly criticised as it is not up to homebuyers’ expectations and is not supported to reach sustainable goals. Hence, this research aims to investigate the influence of the sociodemographic background of the homebuyers on their preferences for sustainable affordable housing in Malaysia. The questionnaire was designed and responses were obtained from 316 low- and middle-income homebuyers. Spearman rank correlation and ordinal regression were used to investigate the association between homebuyers’ sociodemographic characteristics and their preference for sustainable affordable housing. Spearman correlation analysis revealed that gender, generation, marital status and monthly income were significantly correlated with sustainability criteria. The ordinal regression model reflected that stronger preferences for sustainable affordable housing were shown among female homebuyers, Gen Y and Baby Boomer homebuyers and married ones. The research findings close the gap between users (homebuyers) and the providers (developer/government) in the provision of affordable housing. Developers and the local authorities can provide sustainable affordable housing solutions that suit the needs of different homebuyers.

Land use changes and residential area expansion in South Tangerang City, Indonesia

PurposeThe purpose of the study is to analyze changes in land use, specifically residential area expansion, in South Tangerang City and identify the factors that influence land use change.Design/methodology/approachThe study used remote sensing methods in ArcGIS 10.8 for data analysis and processing, including spatial analysis and identification of land use changes. The study analyzed satellite images from 2010 and 2020 to identify changes in land use in South Tangerang City over the ten-year period.FindingsThe study found that the most significant land use changes in South Tangerang City between 2010 and 2020 were the reduction of mixed plantation area and the expansion of residential areas. The study identified the development of small townships by private developers as the main factor that influenced land use change in South Tangerang City.Research limitations/implicationsThe study has several limitations, including a focus on only one aspect of land use change (i.e. residential area expansion), limited scope of the study area (South Tangerang City) and a reliance on remote sensing methods for data analysis.Practical implicationsThe findings of the study can be used by policymakers and city planners to develop sustainable land use planning strategies that balance the need for urban development with environmental and social concerns. By understanding the factors that drive land use changes in South Tangerang City, policymakers can develop policies that encourage sustainable urban growth and development while preserving natural resources and protecting the environment.Social implicationsThe study has social implications as the expansion of residential areas in South Tangerang City indicates a growing demand for housing in the area. The study highlights the importance of developing affordable and sustainable housing solutions to meet the needs of the growing population in South Tangerang City. Additionally, the study emphasizes the importance of understanding the social and economic factors that drive land use change and their implications for the well-being of local communities.Originality/valueThe residential area development in South Tangerang City is driven by private developers who make small independent cities that have all facilities in one area. These small cities attract people to reside and also drive high population growth in South Tangerang City, considering it is a buffer city of Jakarta that has good infrastructure development.

Exploring the Affordable Housing Solutions for the Resettlement Projects of Padma Bridge

The construction of Padma Bridge in Bangladesh has necessitated the resettlement of displaced residents, highlighting the need for affordable and sustainable housing solutions aligned with Sustainable Development Goals 9 (Industry, Innovation, and Infrastructure), 10 (Reduce inequality), and 11 (Sustainable Cities and Communities). This study aims to engage undergraduate architecture students in a design studio exercise to develop innovative housing models for resettlement projects, addressing displaced communities' social, economic, and environmental challenges. A multi-criteria decision analysis (MCDA) framework is introduced, integrating stakeholder data. In the design studio, students explore housing alternatives and concentrate on community-driven cooperative housing, assessing their effectiveness, feasibility, and sustainability using the MCDA framework. The exercise produces a range of housing solutions that balance affordability, sustainability, and community-centric design. Students demonstrate the potential of novel approaches to address the complex challenges displaced communities face and contribute to equitable development in Bangladesh. Engaging architecture students in developing affordable housing solutions provides valuable insights for policymakers and stakeholders in resettlement. The study emphasizes the need for holistic, participatory approaches and highlights the role of innovative, sustainable housing models in enhancing the quality of life for those affected by the Padma Bridge project, aligning with the SDGs.

Housing Vacancy Outlined with Delphi Survey. Contributions of Participatory Research to a Just Transformation Process on Trial

Rising housing prices, associated supply gaps and displacement processes have revived the “housing issue” in Germany. This is particularly true for certain social groups socially marginalized by high competition in the housing market. The participatory action research study “Wohnungsleerstand wandeln!”(WohL) - “Worthy places from un-used spaces” examines the coexistence of housing scarcity and housing abundance in a district of the Munich metropolitan area. The goal is to use a participatory multi-method design, including a two-stage qualitative Delphi Survey, to find tailored solutions for the housing situation in each community. The Delphi method was used to reflect the diversity of perspectives in housing as well as the principles of participatory action research such as participation in research, proximity to the field, and capacity building through mutual learning. In the case of sustainable housing solutions, a group discussion process, in which facts are listed by participants (who remain anonymous) without taking into account local social structures, can lead to conclusions that are not accepted by the community. Hence, this paper explains how a Delphi Survey can be designed as a qualitative element of participatory action research. Therefore, the WohL Study and its qualitative Delphi Survey are presented, followed by a methodological reflection on the findings. It becomes clear that consensus and anonymity have to be balanced with solution sustainability. Criteria like the selection of participants, the process of group discussion as well as data collection and analysis have to be adapted to the specific field to be explored. New, diversity-sensitive and method-based approaches to decision making pave the way for a transformation of housing that must imply “vacancies” are to be (re)used, but also that collective decision-making brings “overlooked” groups “back into play.” Ultimately, the essential prerequisite for managing the transformation is the participation of the people of the community.

Understanding the Challenges of Affordable Housing Provision in Nigeria: An Analysis of Key Factors and Policy Implications

Affordable housing remains a critical issue in Nigeria, with numerous factors contributing to its scarcity. This paper examines the key factors contributing to the lack of affordable housing in Nigeria, including high construction costs, inadequate urban planning and land use, limited access to finance, inadequate infrastructure, corruption and bureaucracy, limited government support and policy implementation, and high urban area land costs. High construction costs escalate housing prices, posing challenges for low-income earners to afford homes. Inadequate urban planning and land use policies result in spatial inequality, scarcity of available land, and increased housing costs. Limited access to finance restricts low-income earners' ability to secure mortgage financing for affordable homes. High urban area land costs further exacerbate the affordability challenge. Inadequate infrastructure hampers housing development and increases construction costs. Limited government support and policy implementation hinder effective affordable housing provision. Corruption and bureaucratic bottlenecks also hampers the process. These factors underscore the complex nature of the affordable housing crisis in Nigeria and necessitate a comprehensive approach involving collaboration between the government, private sector, and communities. Policy recommendations include improving policy implementation, fostering public-private partnerships, enhancing access to finance, strengthening urban planning strategies, investing in infrastructure, and providing increased government support for affordable housing initiatives. Addressing these factors will contribute to the creation of sustainable and inclusive housing solutions, ensuring that affordable homes become accessible to all Nigerians.

Decolonizing South Asian architecture: Sustainable and community-criented cocial housing in India

Decolonization process in India involved a range of political, economic, and social changes aimed at dismantling the colonial system and building a new, independent nation. One of the most significant challenges India faced during the decolonization process was the issue of partition. The partition of India in 1947 led to the creation of two separate countries—India and Pakistan—and resulted in widespread violence and displacement. Millions of people were forced to migrate across the newly formed borders, resulting in one of the largest mass migrations in human history which created huge demand for housing. The methodology adopted for this research is based on qualitative analysis and the data source for this study are government reports, research articles, books and newspaper. Further, it examines four case studies of social housing projects designed to provide sustainable and livable solutions for low-income families in different regions of India, including Aranya Community Housing, Incremental Housing in Belapur, ATIRA Staff Housing in Ahmadabad, and CIDCO Housing in Parsik Hill in Navi Mumbai. At the core of the article lies an investigation into the dynamic nature of architecture in the aftermath of independence, coupled with a detailed examination of four distinct social housing ventures. The social housing studies demonstrate innovative and flexible approaches to social housing, with a focus on community building, energy efficiency, and social amenities. The projects have been successful in providing access to affordable and sustainable housing for low-income families in different regions of India. The case studies highlight the importance of a community-centered approach to social housing, emphasizing the need for shared spaces and amenities. The article discusses the challenges and opportunities of implementing sustainable and livable social housing solutions in India.