Sustainable Drinking Water Research Articles

Microbial communities in slow sand filters for drinking water treatment adapt to organic matter altered by ozonation

Changing natural organic matter quality from anthropogenic activity and stricter requirements for micropollutant removal challenges existing systems for drinking water production. Ozonation of water followed by biofiltration, such as passage through a slow sand filter (SSF), is a partial solution. Biofiltration relies on biofilms (microbial communities within extracellular matrices). However, the effects of ozonation on SSF microbial communities are unknown. In this study, genome-resolved and read-based metagenomics were used to compare the microbial communities of two full-scale SSFs employing conventional pre-treatment to a 20 m2 SSF operated in parallel with ozonation as additional pre-treatment.The SSF microbial community receiving ozonated water was less diverse than those receiving non-ozonated water. Families Hyphomicrobiaceae, Acetobacteraceae, Sphingomonadaceae and Burkholderiaceae were more abundant when ozone was used, as were genes for metabolism of single-carbon organic compounds. Conversely, genes for metabolism of aromatic compounds and fatty acids were less abundant. Metagenome assembled genomes associated with the non-ozonated SSFs were enriched with several glycoside hydrolases, while those associated with the ozonated SSF were enriched with genes for 1-2 carbon compound metabolism. No indications of increased microbial risk (pathogens or antibiotic resistance genes) were detected as a consequence of ozonation.This study shows how microbial communities of SSFs adapt to changes in organic matter quality, highlighting the key role of biofilters for production of safe and sustainable drinking water in a changing climate.

Experimental investigation of a novel egg steel trays covered with wick materials effects on the performance of conical solar distillers: A 4E analysis and multi-objective optimization

The present work aims to develop the design of the trays of conical solar distillers to achieve the highest productivity and produce safe and sustainable drinking water. This was done by incorporating the novel egg steel trays with the basin of conical distillers; the use of novel egg steel trays is characterized by dividing the basin into a group of small basins, and increasing the heat transfer surface area. Also, in this study, the novel egg steel trays were covered by wick to achieve the highest evaporation rates. To achieve this experimentally, three conical distillers were designed and built; the first represents the classical conical solar distiller (CCSD), the second conical distiller includes flat steel trays with wick (CCSD-FST&W), and the third conical distiller includes novel egg steel trays with wick (CSD-NEST&W). Experimental results showed that the novel egg steel trays covered with wick represent the optimal design that achieves the highest performance of conical distillers, where these novel egg steel trays covered with wick improve the daily yield, thermal, and exergy efficiencies by 111.9, 110.44, and 270.97 % compared to CCSD. Also, these novel egg steel trays covered with wick reduced the production cost of freshwater by 50 %.

Augmentation of Reclaimed Water with Excess Urban Stormwater for Direct Potable Use

Groundwater and surface water have been the primary sources of our public water supply around the world. However, rapid population and economic growth, as well as global climate change, are posing major threats to the quality and quantity of these water resources. Treated wastewater (reclaimed water) and stormwater are becoming more important water resources. Use/reuse of these unconventional water resources can enable a truly sustainable, closed-loop, circular water system. However, these two sources are not usually mixed with each other. In this study, we propose the use of combined excess urban stormwater and reclaimed water as a source of potable water supply. One of the most pronounced benefits of this proposed scheme is the possible elimination of costly and energy-intensive processes like reverse osmosis. Reclaimed water tends to have high concentrations of dissolved solids (>500 mg/L) and nitrate-N (>10 mg/L), which can be lowered by blending with stormwater or rainwater. Despite technical and engineering challenges, this approach can benefit various communities—small, medium, large, upstream, downstream, urban, and rural—in diverse climates. Our study suggests that this new holistic approach is feasible, enabling the combined water to be directly used as a sustainable drinking water source.

Land use and land cover patterns as a reflection of subsurface architecture groundwater quality in a large urban center (Varanasi) in the Ganges river basin, India

Varanasi is an exponentially developing city in the Himalayan-sourced Ganges river basin. To understand the sustainable groundwater-sourced drinking water in Varanasi, it is essential to study the land use-land cover that reflects the surface geomorphology vis-a-vis sub-surface geology, and influence groundwater conditions. We incorporate lithological and groundwater data obtained from an extensive network of boreholes in and around the city at 110 sites, reaching a maximum depth of 100 m below ground level (bgl). The unconsolidated subsurface are primarily composed of sand, silt, clay, and gravel where, silty clay layer. Groundwater quality and stresses were determined through multi-dimensional hydrogeological approaches. The data were analyzed through multivariate statistics (Principal Component Analyses to identify the governing factor influencing the broad hydrogeochemistry. PC1 for urban areas has higher loading values for Fe, Cl− compared to Semi-urban areas highlighting contamination by municipal wastewater. PC2 for urban areas shows higher loading values for Mg2+ and HCO3− compared to semi-urban areas. Due to heavy urbanization in Varanasi, the aquifer suffers substantial groundwater abstraction during particular times of the day compared to the agricultural lands. An increase of about 9% in built-up areas within a span of 10 years (2012–2022) poses a threat to the aquifer system of our study area, jeopardizing access to sustainable drinking water. With the expansion of urbanization and unregulated groundwater extraction, the vulnerability of the aquifer system will probably increase in the foreseeable future. Implementation of sustainable water management policies, engaging all economic sectors of the population in Varanasi, can expedite the process and safeguard the aquifer from attaining its emerging vulnerability. Thus, comprehending evolving groundwater risks through non-invasive methods like that discussed in the present study, holds significant promise for effectively targeting safe groundwater availability in future.

Review of the water–energy–carbon nexus in small and medium drinking water systems: challenges and opportunities

Water is a critical resource for human life and plays a vital role in energy production. Energy is equally essential in water supplies but generates carbon emissions to the atmosphere depending on the energy source. Appraising water, energy, and carbon nexus is essential for promoting sustainable drinking water systems (DWSs) in the case of small- and medium-sized utilities, representing a significant portion of the water supply in many countries. Smaller utilities face unique challenges, such as insufficient funding, aging infrastructure, and higher operational costs. This paper examines over 100 studies to identify and comprehensively understand how source type and location, raw water quality, water consumption patterns, system size, land use, population density, topography, infrastructure age, and system losses and maintenance impact energy consumption in small and medium DWSs. The review also identified more than 40 indicators related to energy and carbon from the literature, providing advanced information in this area. Findings suggest a gap in understanding how energy and carbon indicators relate to the utility's operational performance. By analyzing the challenges and opportunities smaller utilities face in optimizing water, energy, and carbon nexus, this paper highlights the necessity of shifting towards cleaner energy sources to mitigate the environmental impacts. It also emphasizes the importance of adopting a holistic approach that integrates technological advancements, regulatory guidelines, and active community engagement to achieve decarbonization in DWSs. The present study aims to inform policymakers, water management professionals, and broader stakeholders about the essential components of sustainable and resilient small and medium DWSs.

Experimental and computational modeling analysis of double slope solar still with a trapezoidal channel for preheating

In specific locations in India, water scarcity is an important issue, therefore several efforts are made to produce treated water so that rural and urban areas have access to safe and sustainable drinking water. The solar still method is the most affordable water purification option available in these hot areas. This research aims to enhance the performance of passive double-slope solar stills by analyzing the effects of preheated water on evaporation and yield rates. A new method was adopted to maintain the lowest water depth in the basin of a solar still by using a channel attachment to move the feed water. Additionally, the study investigates the impact of a trapezoidal channel attachment within the solar still, a first-time innovation, on its efficiency and yield rate. Computational fluid dynamics and experimental data collected on February 10, 2024, in Kattankulathur was analyzed to assess temperature variations and yield rates. A three-dimensional full-scale simulation was carried out using Ansys Fluent with a two-phase (evaporation and condensation) model, where the flow in the channels of the rate varied from 0.87 × 10-4 to 5.21 × 10-4 Ls−1 and the highest yield is achieved at flow rate of 1.74 × 10-4 Ls−1. The accuracy of the simulation technique was evaluated by comparing it to experimental data, and found a good match. The results demonstrated that solar still with trapezoidal channels significantly increased the overall yield rate. Optimal performance was achieved under specific environmental conditions, with a cumulative yield of 2.45 Lm−2 at a basin water depth of 10 mm, marking a 37.64 % increase over the conventional solar still. Economic analysis indicated a reduction in the payback period to 299 days, affirming the system’s cost-effectiveness. The trapezoidal channel design is limited to a cross-section of 10 mm2, and positioned at a 17° angle on the middle sidewall to minimize the shadow formation on the basin of still and maintain high yield and evaporation–condensation rates. The novelty of this work is to integrate trapezoidal channels on the double slope solar still and to optimize its design and flow rate to maximize the overall production.

Thermosensitive Hydrogel PNIPAAm‐Alg‐PEDOT for Sustainable and Efficient Water Purification Powered by Solar Energy

AbstractUnrestricted access to clean drinking water is essential for the well‐being of the global population, yet this necessary resource is not universally guaranteed, particularly amidst the escalating climate crisis that accentuates disparities across regions. Harnessing solar energy in conjunction with advanced synthetic solar absorbent hydrogels (SAHs) is increasingly recognized as a promising solution and a significant challenge in addressing the purification of brackish water sustainably. This work outlines the development of a SAH using the thermosensitive polymer poly(N‐isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAAm) in combination with alginate (Alg), enriched with poly(3,4‐ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT) nanoparticles (NPs). Through solar evaporation tests using different conducting polymer (CP) concentrations, a discernible relationship between the ratio of free water to intermediate water (FW/IW) within the hydrogel structure and its performance is observed. The hydrogel's remarkable evaporation rate for synthetic seawater (2.82 kg m−2 h−1) aligns with the lowest FW/IW, which is directly related to a reduction in water vaporization enthalpy. Characterization of intermediate water enables easy adjustment of the optimal conductive polymer content within the hydrogel. This technology, based on thermosensitive materials, not only introduces innovative methodologies for designing and customizing functional composite materials but also aligns with global objectives by addressing challenges in sustainable drinking water supply without additional energy inputs.

Enhancing groundwater recharge in drinking water protection zones in Flanders (Belgium): A novel approach to assess stormwater managed aquifer recharge potential

Study regionFlanders (Belgium) Study focusStormwater infiltration for managed aquifer recharge is increasingly recognized as a drought adaptation measure. Given the high degree of urbanization and imperviousness, stormwater infiltration has significant potential in Flanders (Belgium). This research presents a novel approach to quantify stormwater availability and its potential to enhance groundwater recharge. Stormwater volumes available for recharge are calculated based on the imperviousness level, yearly average precipitation volumes, and runoff coefficients. This study focuses on groundwater protection zones around drinking water wells to assess the role of increased infiltration for sustainable drinking water production. Calculated potential stormwater volumes for recharge are compared to natural groundwater recharge and pumping volumes for drinking water production to quantify the potential significance of stormwater infiltration for aquifer recharge. New hydrological insights for the regionResults show a high potential for stormwater infiltration in Flemish protection zones with an average of 17% (7%-33%) additional groundwater recharge from stormwater infiltration. Additionally, stormwater recharge could potentially compensate for 19% (8%-37%) of abstracted drinking water production from phreatic aquifers. Locally, higher groundwater recharge potentials were calculated, especially in protection zones around the city of Leuven. Therefore, stormwater harvesting for infiltration and groundwater recharge should be further encouraged throughout the region, with special attention to urban areas. However, further research is needed on stormwater quality to assess groundwater quality risks in this water quantity-quality balancing exercise.

Seasonal Variation of Fe, Mn, and Pb in Groundwater of Northwestern Bangladesh

Groundwater is one of the most significant natural resources on earth and also stands as the largest source of all-purpose water in Bangladesh. The higher concentrations of iron (Fe), manganese (Mn), and lead (Pb) in water constitute a threat to human health and the environment. The research aimed to assess the seasonal variations of heavy metal concentrations, including Fe, Mn, and Pb, and the water type controlling the geochemistry of groundwater. A total of sixty groundwater samples were collected over a year in three seasons and analyzed for several physicochemical parameters using the standard analysis methods The highest concentrations of Fe, Mn, and Pb in investigated groundwater samples were found to be 3.69, 2.50, and 0.17 mg/L, respectively. The study observed that the higher concentrations of Fe and Mn were in the pre-monsoon but Pb was in the post-monsoon. The contaminations of Fe, Mn, and Pb in the groundwater follows the order Fe > Mn > Pb in three seasons, and their concentrations of abundance follow the seasons: PRM > POM > MON. The groundwater samples showed the dominance of Ca++, Mg++, and HCO3-, indicating temporary hardness and the Ca-Mg-HCO3, hydrochemical facies, controlling the groundwater geochemistry in the study area. These findings would provide an in-depth understanding of water quality, potential risks to human health, and coping mechanisms for sustainable drinking water management.

Utilising eDNA Methods and Interactive Data Dashboards for Managing Sustainable Drinking Water

Generating rapid, easy-to-interpret community data for drinking reservoirs as a means of tackling water quality management is of increasing demand within the water industry. Taste and odour (T&O) is one of many increasing concerns to water companies worldwide, incurring huge costs as customer complaints accumulate and additional treatment and resource management are required. However, there remains a two-fold issue in addressing T&O management: firstly, predicting the initial onset of a T&O event relies on a highly complex understanding of environmental considerations and their interaction with T&O-related taxa, and secondly, there remains a lag between the notification of a T&O event and the resolution of the issue by reservoir management staff. This is partly due to slow, low-resolution methods of detecting and reliably identifying problem taxa in samples. These methods are unable to provide information on the huge plethora of taxa related to T&O metabolite production and often cannot provide data in a timely enough manner for an opportune management response. This means the water industry is often forced to use a reactive, rather than proactive, approach to water quality monitoring. Here, we present methods for implementing a high-throughput sequencing approach to monitoring drinking reservoirs for water quality and improving the sustainability of water supplies, as well as methods for presenting these data on easy-to-interpret data dashboards that can be updated rapidly as new data are generated. Our methods and dashboarding approaches are currently being trialled and tested within the UK water industry, and so here, we show anonymised examples of those data presentations. We propose that these methods can greatly aid reservoir management teams in their approach to T&O monitoring and can be used to implore more sustainable management pipelines, safeguarding future water sources.

Developing a safe water atlas for sustainable drinking water supply in Sonargaon Upazila, Bangladesh

Bangladesh has been relying heavily on groundwater for drinking and irrigation purposes since the 1960s. The access to safe drinking water has always been a challenge for Bangladesh due to the geogenic contamination in shallow aquifers. The objective of this study was to identify the depth for extracting safe water and to develop a safe water atlas for different unions of Sonargaon Upazila to ensure a year-round safe water supply. The concentrations of Arsenic, Iron and Manganese in groundwater were measured from 63 random water samples and compared with WHO and national drinking water quality standards. A lithological profile of the study area was developed to validate the indigenous knowledge of targeting safe depth based on sediment color. To address the challenges of groundwater depletion and contamination, the study identified and developed the technique of preparing safe water atlas for a specific region in Bangladesh, serving as a decision-making tool for households. The atlas identifies depths at which tube-wells can be installed to obtain uncontaminated groundwater, helping people make informed choices and avoid potential health risks. Additionally, the safe water atlas can support the development of safe drinking water distribution plans and assist local drillers and residents in decision-making processes.

Evaluation of Community Participation in Community-Based Drinking Water and Sanitation Programs

The availability of clean water plays a significant role in fulfilling the need for drinking water and sanitation, which are absolute necessities in human life. The Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) aim to reduce the proportion of the population without access to safe and sustainable drinking water and basic facilities by half. Access to clean water and sanitation facilities is still tricky in some areas, triggering the implementation of the PAMSIMAS Program. Community involvement is critical to the program's sustainability. This study analyzes the forms and factors supporting and hindering community participation in the PAMSIMAS Program and the environmental benefits of areas that receive the program in Rantau Jaya Ilir village. Central Lampung Regency. This study employs a descriptive qualitative approach, incorporating a SWOT analysis. Planning for community participation in the PAMSIMAS Program is underway. The study shows that community participation can adequately manage the program and meet water needs. Age, gender, level of education, type of work, income, and knowledge are all internal factors. Government policies and regulations play a crucial role as external factors. Based on the research, stakeholders were told to invite the community to each socialization meeting and give suggestions. This way of developing the PAMSIMAS Program community empowerment can be copied and used to create infrastructure development programs in other places. This will help the regional government even more, and the government program for drinking water infrastructure and sanitation is expected to continue and be sustainable so that the infrastructure is kept up and working.

Assessing the carbon footprint of drinking water supply system in Indonesia: A case study of the Rebana Metropolitan Area

The development of the Rebana Metropolitan Area in the northern region of West Java aims to improve the economy in the area with improved infrastructure, including safe drinking water provision through a sustainable drinking water supply system (SPAM) that aligns with low-carbon development in Indonesia. This study presents a comprehensive assessment of the carbon footprint associated with SPAM. A dynamic system modeling approach was employed to calculate SPAM’s carbon footprint, considering key activities such as drinking water supply through piped networks and wells, bottled water distribution, potable water provision through refillable drinking water depots, and drinking water boiling. The model was calibrated and validated using data from Indramayu Regency, demonstrating its accuracy with an RMSPE value of 0.03% for the population and 4.89% for water treatment plant production capacity. By utilizing data from industrial zones (KPI) Patrol and Losarang, the model simulations revealed that under business as usual (BAU) conditions, the projected carbon footprint of SPAM in 2040 was 332,194 tCO2eq. To explore effective intervention strategies, three scenarios (I, II, and III) were simulated, incorporating different rates of wastewater recycling—10%, 20%, and 30% by 2030, respectively. The results demonstrated that implementing these scenarios would lead to reduced SPAM’s carbon footprints in 2040, with projected values of 283,275 tCO2eq, 246,586 tCO2eq, and 225,184 tCO2eq for scenarios I, II, and III, respectively. Bottled water exhibited the highest carbon footprint per unit volume of 28.847 kgCO2eq/m3.

Amphiphilic Engineering of MoS2-g-C3N4 Nanocomposites into a Mangrove-Inspired Cascade System for Sustainable Drinking Water Production

Drinking water contamination and water shortages are seriously exacerbated by industrial wastewater discharge. However, due to the high complexity of wastewater treatment systems, effective high-concentration pollutant removal and simplified wastewater...

Assessing the Performance of State Water Utilities in Nigeria: Towards Achieving the Sustainable Development Goal on Drinking Water

The Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) on drinking water were reported to have been achieved five years earlier than the target date of 2015 in all the continents, except Africa and Oceania. This study assessed the performance of selected state water utilities in Nigeria in Africa over a period of years to determine improvements, if any, in their service coverage and demand gap in meeting the ambitious SDG target 6.1, which aims to achieve sustainable drinking water for all by 2030. Employing the key performance indicator (KPI) methodology, encompassing operational and maintenance efficiency, investment efficiency, and financial sustainability, this research unveils a widening disparity between water supply and demand gap. Alarming is the revelation that the revenue from water sales falls short of covering operation and maintenance costs, rendering these utilities financially unsustainable. This underperformance of state water utilities signals a formidable barrier to Nigeria’s prospects of attaining the Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) target 6.1, thereby jeopardizing the nation’s ability to ensure universal and affordable access to safe drinking water by 2030.

Ceramic Filters for the Efficient Removal of Azo Dyes and Pathogens in Water

Overcoming the scarcity of safe and sustainable drinking water, particularly in low-income countries, is one of the key challenges of the 21st century. In these countries, the cost of centralized water treatment facilities is prohibitive. This work examines the application of low-cost ceramic filters as point-of-use (POU) devices for the removal of methylene blue, o-toluidine blue, Staphylococcus aureus, and Staphylococcus typhi from contaminated water. The ceramic filters had typical kaolinite functional groups, making them suitable for the removal of dyes and pathogens. Surface charge measurements indicated strongly anionic filters, while thermal properties confirmed the carbonization of the biowaste additive leaving behind a porous kaolinite structure which subsequently dehydroxylated into meta kaolinite. In addition, morphological data showed heterogeneous filter surfaces. Increased biomass content improved the permeability, water adsorption, flow rate, and apparent porosity of the filter. The ceramic filter removed methylene blue (42.99–59.74%), o-toluidine (79.95–92.71%), Staphylococcus aureus (98–100%), and Staphylococcus typhi (75–100%). Overall, the study demonstrated the effectiveness of POU ceramic filters in removing organic pollutants in contaminated water while serving as disinfectants.

Strategic deep aquifer valley characterization using an integrated geophysical approach (Central Tunisia, southern Mediterranean arid province)

The joint interpretation of geophysical data provides an increasingly important integration of information capable of characterizing our subsurface planetary resources. This paper is a demonstration of a case study situated in an extremely limited water resources region, allowing the establishment of new hydrogeologic provinces. An integrated geophysical approach has been implemented to clarify the structuring, the extension, and geometry of the Miocene aquifer system located in the Sbeïtla Basin (Central Tunisia, southern Mediterranean arid province). This significant hydrogeologic basin is connected to the Tunisian North Water Transmission System to achieve sustainable drinking water supply for the Sfax region with at least 1 million residents. The seismic, gravity, and electrical methods are used together using advanced analysis (residual-regional gravity separation, electrical resistivity tomography generation from 1D vertical electrical sounding, etc.). This specific methodology allows us to reveal a new northeast–southwest strategic deep Miocene aquifer valley segmented by northwest–southeast faulting corridors. This valley can record the maximum thickness of sandstone Miocene aquifer levels called, respectively, from deep to shallow levels G1, G2, and G3 separated by two aquitards called from deep to shallow levels A1 and A2. It can be considered as a preferential target zone to carry out new deep exploration drilling.

Оценка обеспеченности, состояния и перспектив использования ресурсов подземных вод для питьевого водообеспечения Западно-Казахстанского региона

Today's global strategy to improve the reliability of drinking water supply systems is determined by the focus on maximizing the use of groundwater to provide the population with drinking water. In most cases, information about the availability, volume and quality of groundwater plays a decisive role in making decisions about the effectiveness of the development of a certain area, as well as the improvement and expansion of the physical environment and facilities necessary to support economic activity and meet the vital needs of the people of this region. Therefore, defining of the groundwater distribution, magnitude of its resources, quality and features of formation is crucial in the study of the hydrogeological conditions of the region. An assessment of the groundwater resource potential of West Kazakhstan region was made to ensure sustainable drinking water supply of the population. When assessing the characteristics of fresh groundwater hydrogeological, hydrogeochemical, geoinformation-analytical, statistical and laboratory research methods (including chromatographic, spectrophotometric, atomic absorption, etc.) were used. Such evaluation of the resource potential of fresh groundwater and the prospects for its use for the water supply of cities and towns will make it possible to identify areas with high, medium and poor groundwater supply, and this, in turn, will make it possible to find new sources to cover the needs of domestic and drinking water supply, which will contribute to the sustainable socio-economic development of the West Kazakhstan region.

Application of the concept of smart city and smart water management for the new capital city

The Indonesian government has decided to move the State Capital (IKN) from DKI Jakarta to East Kalimantan Province. One of IKN’s visions is to build a smart, modern city that meets international standards. This paper examines the concept of smart city and smart water management (SWM) that will be applied to the new IKNs to build an integrated, sophisticated and sustainable clean water supply system. The method used was analyzing concepts related to smart cities and SWM applications in the world and Indonesia. Based on the results of the analysis of the abovementioned concepts, several conclusions were obtained, namely that an SWM support system is indispensable in water system management, leak detection, and water quality monitoring. Then, a smart water grid is used to develop control over water resources, infrastructure, and water discharge with high efficiency and sustainability. The flood early warning system must be utilized to minimize losses or victims caused by flood disasters. In addition, an online water quality monitoring system is needed to monitor water quality online and in real time. The integrated implementation of the smart city and SWM concepts described in the paper is expected to produce safe, healthy, and sustainable drinking water services.

Evaluation of Drinking Water Quality for Salem District Using Weighted Product Method

The quality of drinking water is one of the most important factors affecting human health. However, in many countries, especially developing countries the quality of drinking water is not satisfactory and Poor drinking water quality causes many waterborne diseases. This special issue of Expression and Health focuses on drinking water quality Edited to better understand the implications for public health, thus improving many countries appropriate action may be taken. This editorial introduction, reviewed some recent research, briefly summarizing the main points of each contribution to this issue, then in to increase scientific proposed some research/directions. The articles in this magazine are interesting and this research covers many aspects of the topic, and is meaningful for sustainable drinking water quality protection. Using the correct linear mathematical equation Home selection problems cannot be solved and treated as semi-structured problem a heuristic process is required. Computer-based decision support systems can be used as an alternative to expert decision-making by inexperienced users. This article is about improving decision support systems for the household selection and Presents empirical work. For choosing a house based on weighted product method providing web-based decision support systems with the general objective of the research. As a result of the interview with the respondents, the calculation of choosing this house. In the weighted product method, help people choose the best alternative, Computational results show that the given alternatives can be sorted. The Alternative Parameters is Salem West, Salem South, Yercaud, Attur, Pethanaickenpalayam, Valapady, Sankari, Edapadi, Mettur, Omalur, Kadayampatti. The Evaluation Parameters is PH, TDS, TH, Calcium, Magnesium, Chloride, Sulphate. First rank is Pethanaickenpalayam and first rank is Salem West is lowest rank.