Sustainable Development Of Mankind Research Articles

Research on carbon dioxide capture materials used for carbon dioxide capture, utilization, and storage technology: a review.

In recent years, climate change has increasingly become one of the major challenges facing mankind today, seriously threatening the survival and sustainable development of mankind. Dramatically increasing carbon dioxide concentrations are thought to cause a severe greenhouse effect, leading to severe and sustained global warming, associated climate instability and unwelcome natural disasters, melting glaciers and extreme weather patterns. The treatment of flue gas from thermal power plants uses carbon capture, utilization, and storage (CCUS) technology, one of the most promising current methods to accomplish significant CO2 emission reduction. In order to implement the technological and financial system of CO2 capture, which is the key technology of CCUS technology and accounts for 70-80% of the overall cost of CCUS technology, it is crucial to create more effective adsorbents. Nowadays, with the development and application of various carbon dioxide capture materials, it is necessary to review and summarize carbon dioxide capture materials in time. In this paper, the main technologies of CO2 capture are reviewed, with emphasis on the latest research status of CO2 capture materials, such as amines, zeolites, alkali metals, as well as emerging MOFs and carbon nanomaterials. More and more research on CO2 capture materials has used a variety of improved methods, which have achieved high CO2 capture performance. For example, doping of layered double hydroxides (LDH) with metal atoms significantly increases the active site on the surface of the material, which has a significant impact on improving the CO2 capture capacity and performance stability of LDH. Although many carbon capture materials have been developed, high cost and low technology scale remain major obstacles to CO2 capture. Future research should focus on designing low-cost, high-availability carbon capture materials.

Main aspects of the development of economic science in the Republic of Kazakhstan

The author examines the main aspects of the development of economic science in the Republic of Kazakhstan, noting its important role in the functioning and development of society. The purpose of the study is to analyze the state of economic science in Kazakhstan as an important part of the general socio-economic policy of the state, reflecting the attitude to science, technology and innovation in the economy. The practical and effective use of the results of fundamental and applied sciences has become an important factor in the sustainable development of mankind. To strengthen the role of science in the socio-economic development of the country, it is extremely important to develop an effective mechanism for stimulating the scientific and technological development of economic and social sectors. Applied economics is formed and implemented on the basis of the interrelation and interaction of the following subjects: public administration, external experts and the scientific ecosystem in determining strategic priorities and program documents of the state. In order to identify the main challenges and problems in the field of improving the effectiveness of the formation and development of applied economics, the author conducted a research in the form of a survey. The article also noted the special role in the further development of fundamental and applied economics of the principles and provisions laid down in the annual Messages of the Head of State Kassym-Jomart Tokayev to the people of Kazakhstan. Based on the conducted research, the author provides recommendations and suggestions in the article to improve the efficiency of scientists in the field of economic science in the Republic of Kazakhstan. In the context of globalization and the transition to a new paradigm of economic development, the results of scientific research should serve as a basis for developing recommendations and economic policy measures to improve the economic sphere.

Electrosynthesis of α-Amino Acids from NO and other NOx species over CoFe alloy-decorated Self-standing Carbon Fiber Membranes.

The conversion of industrial exhaust gases of nitrogen oxides into high-value products is significantly meaningful for global environment and human health. And green synthesis of amino acids is vital for biomedical research and sustainable development of mankind. Herein, we demonstrate an innovative approach for converting nitric oxide (NO) to a series of α-amino acids (over 13 kinds) through electrosynthesis with α-keto acids over self-standing carbon fiber membrane with CoFe alloy. The essential leucine exhibits a high yield of 115.4 μmol h-1 corresponding a Faradaic efficiency of 32.4 %, and gram yield of products can be obtained within 24 hours in lab as well as an ultra-long stability (>240 h) of the membrane catalyst, which could convert NO into NH2 OH rapidly attacking α-keto acid and subsequent hydrogenation to form amino acid. In addition, this method is also suitable for other nitrogen sources including gaseous NO2 or liquidus NO3 - and NO2 - . Therefore, this work not only presents promising prospects for converting nitrogen oxides from exhaust gas and nitrate-laden waste water into high-value products, but also has significant implications for synthetizing amino acids in biomedical and catalytic science.

Electrosynthesis of α‐Amino Acids from NO and other NOx species over CoFe alloy‐decorated Self‐standing Carbon Fiber Membranes

AbstractThe conversion of industrial exhaust gases of nitrogen oxides into high‐value products is significantly meaningful for global environment and human health. And green synthesis of amino acids is vital for biomedical research and sustainable development of mankind. Herein, we demonstrate an innovative approach for converting nitric oxide (NO) to a series of α‐amino acids (over 13 kinds) through electrosynthesis with α‐keto acids over self‐standing carbon fiber membrane with CoFe alloy. The essential leucine exhibits a high yield of 115.4 μmol h−1 corresponding a Faradaic efficiency of 32.4 %, and gram yield of products can be obtained within 24 hours in lab as well as an ultra‐long stability (>240 h) of the membrane catalyst, which could convert NO into NH2OH rapidly attacking α‐keto acid and subsequent hydrogenation to form amino acid. In addition, this method is also suitable for other nitrogen sources including gaseous NO2 or liquidus NO3− and NO2−. Therefore, this work not only presents promising prospects for converting nitrogen oxides from exhaust gas and nitrate‐laden waste water into high‐value products, but also has significant implications for synthetizing amino acids in biomedical and catalytic science.

Greenwashing: a legal mechanism to counteract

The UN Sustainable Development Goals until 2030 are aimed at solving global problems, including poverty and hunger, disease, unsanitary conditions, environmental pollution, consumer attitudes towards natural resources. Their solution is seen in the sustainable development of mankind. The basis of sustainable development is the responsible consumption of all sides of the greening process: states, business structures, society. The environmental agenda for the 21st century forms the trend of corporate governance based on the principles of ESG. However, a certain part of manufacturers, under the guise of a “green” mission, produce products that do not meet environmental requirements. In recent years, more and more people talk about greenwashing. Despite the fact that states are taking certain measures to counter greenwashing, its share is only increasing. The problem of greenwashing is multifaceted and includes unfair competition, violation of consumer rights, discredit of corporate social responsibility, restriction of intellectual property, underdevelopment of the market for environmentally friendly and organic products. If in foreign countries the problem of greenwashing has been discussed for several decades, in the Russian Federation attention has been paid to this problem only in recent years. The imperfection of legal regulation contributes to the development of greenwashing. The purpose of this article is to analyze the legislative requirements for manufactured products (using the example of agricultural and food products) and the processes of their production, processing, storage and sale, measures to counter greenwashing, identify legal gaps and formulate possible legislative proposals aimed at solving greenwashing problems. The experience of combating greenwashing in the countries — Russia’s strategic partners has been studied. Proposals have been formulated to improve the legal mechanism for counteracting greenwashing.

Ambient electrocatalytic synthesis of urea by co-reduction of NO3− and CO2 over graphene-supported In2O3

Urea plays a vital role in the sustainable development of mankind as it is one of the most important nitrogen fertilizers. Conventional synthesis of urea is accompanied by a high level of energy consumption while electrocatalytic methods suffer from low yields and poor selectivity. Our work achieves efficient synthesis of urea by designing the graphene-In2O3 electrocatalysts for the co-activated reduction of nitrate and carbon dioxide, where the formation rate of urea, Faraday efficiency (FE) and carbon selectivity at -0.35 V vs. RHE can reach 357.47 µg mg−1 h−1, 10.46% and ∼100%, respectively. Herein, the key intermediates in the CN coupling reaction are demonstrated to be *NH2 and *CO2, which is of novelty compared to previous reports. This work may provide inspiration for subsequent studies on the reaction mechanism of the electrochemical synthesis of urea, as well as theoretical guidance for the sustainable synthesis of some other important chemical substances.

National and regional experience in the implementation of environmental education for sustainable development and preservation of regional natural and cultural heritage

Aim. The article is to identify effective conditions for the development of ecological culture in Dagestan schools in the interests of sustainable regional development.Material and Methods. To achieve this goal, adequate methods were used, taking into account the specifics of each stage of the work: analysis of scientific literature (psychological-pedagogical, methodological and environmental), regulatory and programme-methodical documents about the problem; observation, pedagogical experiment, testing, study of pedagogical experience and methods of mathematical processing of experimental results (%2-criterion).Results. The development of the global environmental crisis has set before society the task of survival and ensuring the existence of mankind, in the context of the concept of "sustainable development of mankind", considered as development that meets the needs of the present and does not jeopardize the ability of future generations to meet their needs. This allows us to state the relevance of introducing effective models of environmental education for sustainable development (one-subject, multisubject and mixed) into school curricula. The results of the study show the effectiveness of various types of ecologisation (subject, inter-subject and meta-subject) and the "mixed model". A textbook on regional ecology (Ecology of Dagestan) was developed, taking into account the specifics of the laws of functioning of the ecosystems of the planet and the region. With the inclusion of regional ecology in the "mixed model", school environmental education for sustainable development has been completed.Conclusions. Environmental education in the interests of sustainable development and preservation of the natural and cultural heritage of the region is effective in the greening of school disciplines and the use of a "mixed model", and the inclusion of a national and regional component in their content.

Green Economy Financing According to Fiqh Al-Biah as Part of Maqashid Sharia

<em>Economic development in the 20th century had a huge impact on the sustainable development of mankind. On the other hand, however, it has a negative impact on living ecosystems. In many aspects such as the orientation of the interests of sustainable development, the economy and the environment are considered as two opposing aspects. Sustainable Development Based on this, a relatively new concept emerged, namely the green economy. The green economy is a concept that supports human well-being and cares about environmental and ecosystem sustainability in economic development. But on the negative side, economic development can also have an impact on the reduction of natural resources through over-exploitation, industrial pollution, oil, water, and air pollution due to flooding, and the impact on climate change. Islam has an ideal concept of sustainable development. At least there are fundamental rules for supporting sustainable development, namely the implementation of fiqh al-bi'ah based on maqashid sharia for the management of Islamic resources in the economy. Islam has an ideal concept of sustainable development. At least there are basic rules to support sustainable development, namely the application of fiqh al-bi'ah based on maqashid Sharia law to manage Islamic resources in the economy.</em>

Basin-Scale Sea Level Budget from Satellite Altimetry, Satellite Gravimetry, and Argo Data over 2005 to 2019

Monitoring sea level changes and exploring their causes are of great significance for future climate change predictions and the sustainable development of mankind. This study uses multiple sets of satellite altimetry, satellite gravity, and ocean temperature and salinity data to study the basin-scale sea level budget (SLB) from 2005 to 2019. The basin-scale sea level rises significantly at a rate of 2.48–4.31 mm/yr, for which the ocean mass component is a main and stable contributing factor, with a rate of 1.77–2.39 mm/yr, while the steric component explains a ~1 mm/yr sea level rise in most ocean basins, except for the Southern Ocean. Due to the drift in Argo salinity since 2016, the residuals of basin-scale SLB are significant from 2016 to 2019. The worst-affected ocean is the Atlantic Ocean, where the SLB is no longer closed from 2005 to 2019. If halosteric sea level change trends from 2005 to 2015 are used to revise salinity data after 2016, the SLB on the ocean basin scale can be kept closed. However, the SLB on the global scale is still not closed and requires further study. Therefore, we recommend that Argo salinity products after 2016 should be used with caution.

Study on the Ecological Degradation of Lashihai Area based on Potential Vegetation

Ecological degradation is a common problem around the world which has a profound impact on the sustainable development of mankind. This paper selects Lashihai basin as the study case, and uses Logistic stepwise regression to simulate the original ecology of the potential vegetation in the area as a reference system for the definition and analysis of the subsequent degree of ecological degradation and its distribution characteristics. The analysis yields four main results. (1) The strong human disturbance areas in the Lashihai region are concentrated in the Lashihai basin, and the main impact factors are roads, residential areas and cultivated lands. (2) Besides lake, there are eight potential vegetation types in Lashihai, among which evergreen coniferous forest is the dominant community, and the other seven planting types of potential vegetation include warm meadow, grass, beach grass, evergreen broad-leaved shrubbery, deciduous broad-leaved shrubbery, warm steppe and alpine grassland. (3) The elevation and average phosphorus content have significant effects on the distribution of potential vegetation, while the different vegetation types have differential sensitivities to environmental factors. (4) On the whole, the degree of ecological degradation in the basin is relatively light, in which the proportion of non-degraded areas accounts for nearly half, the area of mild degradation is about one-fourth, the moderately degraded area is concentrated in areas with strong human disturbance, accounting for only 18.64%, and the severe degradation is rare, occupying an area of only 3.17%.

PRE-SCHOOL TEACHERS’ ATTITUDES TOWARDS IMPACT OF ICT ON STUDENTS

The application of ICT in today’s context of constant change and sustainable development of mankind is a necessity, expressed in the importance, timeliness and meaning of its integrity in the educational process for children. The latter acquire the knowledge needed for the use of ICT more deeply than adults and can easily apply it to various activities. Computer literacy is one of key aspects of societal development, ensuring the need for ICT skills for the present and future. In the face of the Covid-19 pandemic and the challenges of distance learning and teaching, the researches into the interaction of children with ICT, and especially the importance of computer games for the development and education of children, is becoming of paramount importance.The study aims to reveal the attitudes of pre-school teachers towards impact of ICT and computer games on students. The results of the research, based on the assumption, represent the attitudes of teachers on the application of ICT tools in pre-school education. A qualitative approach was applied to the study – focus groups with 48 pre-school teachers. The results of the research reveal that the ICT and computer games has significant impact on preschool children in the self-learning process, by changing their knowledge, skills, behaviour and attitudes.

An integrated omics analysis reveals the gene expression profiles of maize, castor bean, and rapeseed for seed oil biosynthesis

BackgroundSeed storage lipids are valuable for human diet and for the sustainable development of mankind. In recent decades, many lipid metabolism genes and pathways have been identified, but the molecular mechanisms that underlie differences in seed oil biosynthesis in species with developed embryo and endosperm are not fully understood.ResultsWe performed comparative genome and transcriptome analyses of castor bean and rapeseed, which have high seed oil contents, and maize, which has a low seed oil content. These results revealed the molecular underpinnings of the low seed oil content in maize. First of all, transcriptome analyses showed that more than 61% of the lipid- and carbohydrate-related genes were regulated in castor bean and rapeseed, but only 20.1% of the lipid-related genes and 22.5% of the carbohydrate-related genes were regulated in maize. Then, compared to castor bean and rapeseed, fewer lipid biosynthesis genes but more lipid metabolism genes were regulated in the maize embryo. More importantly, most maize genes encoding lipid-related transcription factors, triacylglycerol (TAG) biosynthetic enzymes, pentose phosphate pathway (PPP) and Calvin Cycle proteins were not regulated during seed oil synthesis, despite the presence of many homologs in the maize genome. Additionally, we observed differential regulation of vital oil biosynthetic enzymes and extremely high expression levels of oil biosynthetic genes in castor bean, which were consistent with the rapid accumulation of oil in castor bean developing seeds.ConclusionsCompared to high-oil seeds (castor bean and rapeseed), less oil biosynthetic genes were regulated during the seed development in low-oil seed (maize). These results shed light on molecular mechanisms of lipid biosynthesis in maize, castor bean, and rapeseed. They can provide information on key target genes that may be useful for future experimental manipulation of oil production in oil plants.

Progress in electrolyte and interface of hard carbon and graphite anode for sodium‐ion battery

AbstractIt is essential to replace lithium‐ion batteries (LIBs) from the perspective of the Earth's resources and the sustainable development of mankind. Sodium‐ion batteries (SIBs) are important candidates due to their low price and abundant storage capacity. Hard carbon (HC) and graphite have important applications in anode materials of SIBs. In this review, the research progress in electrolyte and interface between HC and graphite anode for SIBs is summarized. The properties and performance of three types of widely used electrolytes (carbonate ester, ether, and ionic liquid) with additives, as well as the formation of solid electrolyte interface (SEI), which are crucial to the reversible capacity and rate capability of HC anodes, are also discussed. In this review, the co‐intercalation performance and mechanism of solvation Na+ into graphite are summarized. Besides, the faced challenges and existing problems in this field are also succinctly highlighted.

Social Responsibility and Sustainable Development: the Changing Mission of the Higher School

Purpose: of the article is to study the basic principles of higher education and their impact on the formation of a socially active position of universities and their involvement in achieving sustainable development goals on the scale of global humanity.Methods: is based on the application of systemic and institutional approaches to the study of the role of higher education in solving the problems of society, as well as a group of methods of scientifc cognition: dialectical and retrospective, induction and deduction, comparative analysis, the method of rating assessment and others.Results: the essence of the fundamental principles of higher education – academic freedom and academic responsibility, which form the value basis of classical education in its historical period of development, is revealed. In modern conditions, these principles are increasingly reflected in the activities of universities related to their key role in solving economic, social and environmental problems. More and more often universities declare their social responsibility and prove it by the example of their decisions in the conditions of social crisis. The COVID-19 pandemic isconsidered one of the crisis situations, and the measures taken by the university leadership to support the teaching staff and its student audience are a kind of indicator of social responsibility. The range of tasks in which the higher school is involved is quite wide. It covers problems of a global nature, one of which is the search for ways of sustainable development of mankind: universities take responsibility for achieving the selected Sustainable Development Goals and report to society for the effectiveness of this area of their activities.Conclusions and Relevance: the implementation by universities of socially responsible behavior towards their internal stakeholders (teachers, students, employees), integration into solving vital problems of society, as well as involvement in achieving Sustainable Development Goals clearly demonstrate the transformation of their mission. Universities enter into an active dialogue with society to solve problems at different levels of economic systems, making efforts to combine the spheres of knowledge production, scientifc research expected by society, the transformation of knowledge and scientifc results into practice through the initiation of new directions and activities, technological transformation of the scientifc and educational space, diversifcation of channels of interaction with society

NEUROMARKETING IN THE CONTEXT OF SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT PHILOSOPHY

This document aims to conduct a literature review in order to identify evolution and research trends in the area of neuromarketing end marketing ethics. The fact of deep systemic crisis of the modern civilization has been discussed by politicians, scientists and philosophers for at least last fifty years. Since then, more than forty of them have been published, that was base for the scientific thought development towards the formation of the concept of sustainable development of mankind. Self-healing changes are extremely slow, despite the enormous efforts of scientists, politicians and public figures. This is partly caused by the fact that in modern politics and economics the neuroscience achievements are used widely but these achievements are applied for narrowly selfish purposes that contradict the main goals and objectives of the concept of sustainable development. Therefore, it is relevant to turn to the analysis of a relatively new direction in modern economic science – neuromarketing, which is gaining the more influence in the society and is actively developing in use. As the world history experience shows, the most important prerequisite for the new civilization formation is a radical transformation of the spiritual (value-semantic) sphere of life. In turn, such transformation is unthinkable without the philosophical project of reconstruction and neoholism, the fundamental value of which is the eidos of harmony, can become such a project. In the modern world dominates the ideology of consumption, the products of which are the presence of fashion, wastefulness, profit orientation in decision making, etc. Consumption is the act of receiving goods or services. Overconsumption (or irrational consumption) that dominates in the world and is imposed by the entire marketing system is the phenomenon of receiving goods and services more than need – to a greater extent than a person needs. This is a dead end, because of which the entire system is going through a deep crisis. Some scientists believe that the way out of the crisis is possible through the interaction of science and economics, or rather neurosciences and economics, which leads to overconsumption of goods and services, which means the growth of incomes of large and medium-sized capital. Others see the way out in the new thinking development, a new philosophical paradigm, which must be introduced into the mass consciousness by means of education, thereby raising the level of consciousness and expanding the potential of a person. The most famous firms that have used neuromarketing techniques to achieve their goals are Coca-Cola, General Motors, Google Mars, Nestle and many other corporations. It is important to mention that the neuromarketing cost is increasing every year, for example, in 2015 the United States spent $25 billion on neuromarketing research. At the present stage, there are three main research methods in neuromarketing: electrical activity of the brain (EEG), oculography (eye movement, eye tracking) and analysis of facial expressions and non-verbal gestures. For example, in the evaluation process of the TV commercials effectiveness, specialists monitor the eyes and determine the speed of pupil movement. Analyzing the above, it can be argued that neuromarketing in the modern world is one of the leading and promising technologies for the society influencing. It is possible that its potential has not yet been fully formed and studied, but these studies are the highly paid item of expenditure in the large corporations.

Modern Confucianism and the concept of sustainable development

This article examines interrelation between the concept of Confucianism and sustainable development, as well as their theoretical mutual influence in the context of the development of China’s modern social-humanistic thought. The research employs the methods of comparative analysis, system and structural approaches. The subject of this study is mostly modern scientific articles from the publication “Confucianism and Sustainable Development of Mankind” of November 16-19, 2019 based on the VI Congress of the International Confucian Association in Beijing, as well as the research of the Chinese authors on the topic. Special attention is given to the impact of the traditional spiritual heritage upon substantiation of the modern concept. The main conclusion lies in the statement that the ideas of Confucianism are widely used for the theoretical justification of the concept of sustainable development, namely from the ethical perspective, which proves rather declarative-propagandistic nature of these works. Similar focus on the humanistic and ethical aspects of Confucianism as a reputable evidence of the modern concept of sustainable development on the level of scientific abstraction and theorization levels out the systemic problem of economic and sociopolitical structure as the key source of the all-round crisis. Namely this structure reproduces the consumer type of personality as the foundation of capitalistic system, which in many ways contradicts the traditional spiritual values. This may lead to humanization of the traditional spiritual doctrines, including Confucianism, which is oriented towards humanistic values of individualism and primacy of a human. Such influence of the liberal-humanist ideology on Confucianism distorts its basic worldview attitudes as a conservative patriarchal ideology, and turns it into the instrument of ethical manipulation.

A. A. Gromyko: diplomacy of a new world order

The author writes about the outstanding Soviet diplomat, politician and statesman A. A. Gromyko. On the priority directions of A. A. Gromyko. The fact that Soviet diplomacy, expressed by A. A. Gromyko, contributed to the victory of the countries of the Anti-Hitler coalition in World War II. About the United Nations — a new international organization of the nuclear era, with universal competence and a broad representative composition, in the creation of which A. A. Gromyko made a significant contribution. On the main provisions of the UN Charter, which is signed by A. A. Gromyko. On controversial issues on the formation of the foundations of the UN, in the solution of which A. A. Gromyko was directly involved: initial membership; the problem of "small countries"; “veto” rule; the composition and powers of the UN Security Council, etc. On agreements on the limitation of nuclear weapons, in the development of which A. A. Gromyko, who ensured the effectiveness of the "nuclear deterrent" strategy. On the principled position of A. A. Gromyko in the negotiations on the Cuban Missile Crisis of 1962, which contributed to its settlement. About the professional qualities of A. A. Gromyko, about his mastery of the art of diplomacy, about his state thinking as a person, which ultimately led to the recognition of the USSR as a Great Power. The fact that the strategy of "nuclear deterrence", at the origins of the political and diplomatic development of which was A. A. Gromyko, still guarantees universal security. The fact that the "nuclear parity" of the opposing sides was achieved and legally formalized thanks to, among other things, the diplomatic efforts of A. A. Gromyko, which did not allow the Cold War to develop into an open nuclear confrontation. The author has convincingly shown that A. A. Gromyko was not just an ordinary government official, he really made a decisive personal contribution to the construction of a new post-war world order, which for more than 75 years has been ensuring the sustainable development of mankind without global wars.

Contribution of Ferromagnetic Medium to the Output of Triboelectric Nanogenerators Derived from Maxwell's Equations

AbstractTriboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) use the displacement current as a driving force to convert mechanical energy into electric power, which has made great contributions to micro‐nano energy harvesting, self‐powered systems, and the sustainable development of mankind. To date, it is accepted that the output of TENGs is only dependent on the polarization effect. This study reveals that this view is incomplete and, in reality, the magnetization effect also makes a significant contribution to the output of TENGs. For the first time, a novel insight on the output of TENGs is discovered through the theoretical derivation and analysis of Maxwell's equations in ferromagnetic medium. Experimentally, TENGs based on ferromagnetic media are constructed, which exhibit higher output than that of non‐ferromagnetic media based. Interestingly, the output behavior of ferromagnetic media based TENGs is strongly related to the external magnetic field ambient, which is well demonstrated. The discovered output characteristics of TENGs are precisely derived from the working principle of TENGs, simultaneously, a completed and unified theoretical system is constructed for TENGs. This significant discovery and theory will be an indispensable supplement to the existing research on TENGs and also provide a general guidance and deeper understanding of the TENG.

The Implications and Effects of Medical Waste on Development of Sustainable Society—A Brief Review of the Literature

The sustainable development of humanity imposes precise norms regarding the management of natural resources, their extraction, use, and the introduction in a complex, innovative circuit of the waste resulting from exploitation. The paper deals with some aspects related to the sustainable management of general medical waste on the one hand and the medical waste specific to the COVID-19 pandemic, on the other hand. Medical waste requires special treatment given its impact on the environment and on humanity. The management of activities related to its storage, transport, destruction is an important point in the sustainable development of mankind, especially in the current context of the pandemic. Medical waste is in a continuous increase in quantity and involves many effects in various activity fields. Through a scientometric study in the Web of Science—WOS database, the authors identify clusters of keywords, analyze the articles identified in the WOS and identify the main research directions and existing concepts. Corroborating and interpreting the results obtained, three significant trends of approach to medical waste are identified: M—management (1); E—exposure (2); and D—distribution (3). An extensive map of the concepts is made, a narrow map of the concepts used, and a theoretical map of the concepts. The link between medical waste and the development of a sustainable society is demonstrated, and it is possible to open new research directions. The scientometric research undertaken on 1192 WOS articles that were published in 2020 led to the selection of 32, focused on issues related to hazardous medical waste, especially of COVID-19 patients. Following this approach, the authors were able to see, by comparison, the different forms of management of this waste in different countries, thus being able to contribute to the creation of procedures for the collection, storage, and destruction of this hazardous waste, with direct influence on the environment.

Bioethical considerations of cell-cultured meat

In recent years, to solve the increasingly prominent problem of the contradiction between human social development and environmental resources, artificial meat has appeared in public view more and more. Generally speaking, the artificial meat can be divided into vegetable protein meat and cell cultured meat. Among them, vegetable protein meat has gradually begun to be commercialized, and cell cultured meat is cultured with animal cells, which is more similar to the real meat. Based on the analysis of the essence of cell cultured meat, we explore the positive significance of cell cultured meat technology for the meat production industry, consumer groups, and the sustainable development of mankind in the future. From the perspective of bioethics, the research, development and production of cell cultured meat can help ensure the sustainable development of human society, improve animal welfare, reduce resource demand, improve the nutritional function of meat products, and provide new growth points for the development of other industries. In addition, the ethical risks of food safety, technology abuse and technical supervision involved in cell cultured meat production are put forward for deep consideration, hoping to provide reference for the sustainable development of artificial meat industry from the perspective of bioethics.