Sustainable Capacity Building Research Articles

Operationalising ‘One Health’ through Primary Healthcare Approach

Abstract The countries worldwide have recognised the importance of the One Health (OH). This review examines the need and potential for the integration of OH into Primary Health Care (PHC) Approach. One Health through PHC has been implemented in many. Successful initiatives include mobile phone-based surveillance for zoonotic diseases in Kenya, innovative vaccination campaigns in Chad and measures to combat antimicrobial resistance in several nations. Collaboration and partnerships play a pivotal role in overcoming challenges such as resource constraints, policy alignment and limited intersectoral collaboration. The review emphasises integrating OH in primary healthcare so that the healthcare providers can contribute to addressing complex global health challenges and promoting the well-being of individuals, animals and the environment. The sustainable strategies, capacity building, advocacy and technological innovations to effectively implement the OH approach through PHC, ultimately improving health outcomes and ensuring a sustainable planet.

Building sustainable capacity for better access to diabetes care in low‐resource settings: A critical review of global efforts and integrated strategies

AbstractThe alarming state of global insulin access in low‐resource settings presents a major barrier to diabetes care. A comprehensive review of these challenges is lacking at the global level. To address this weakness, enhance affordability and build capacity for a more sustainable approach to scaling up access. This review analyzes the specific issue of inconsistent access to insulin in low‐ and middle‐income countries. Using this analysis, we mapped the scope and intensity of issues such as the unaffordability and unavailability of insulin. We also identified six innovative and integrative strategies for increasing and securing accessibility in the areas of policy making, marketing, clinical practice, health education, domestication, and multisectoral approaches.

Mapping health promotion practices across key sectors and its intersectoral approach at the local level: Study protocol.

This study outlines a protocol aimed at identifying and mapping health promotion practices in need of development from the perspectives of key sectors responsible for it at the local level and from an intersectoral perspective across four Spanish regions. A complementary multi-method study combining survey methods and qualitative interviews will be adopted. Purposive snowball sampling will be employed to select potentially rich informants from city councils, primary care centres, primary and secondary schools, and public health and civil society organizations in 12 municipalities sensitive to local health. Data on the degree of execution of health promotion activities, the level of intersectorality in their implementation, and their origins will be collected using PromoACTIVA questionnaires, an intersectoral typology model and an interview protocol. A parallel mixed analysis encompassing descriptive statistics and a 'framework analysis' will be performed. This study is expected to yield thorough and reliable insights into health promotion practices and omissions at the local level by focusing on key stakeholders, both individually and collaboratively. This information can enhance health promotion planning and improve its effectiveness, efficiency and contextual relevance. The development and testing of a methodology for the integration and interpretation of these data will ensure sustainable capacity building. Managers and practitioners interested in health promotion planning in the researched settings can benefit from a comprehensive map of the current state of their practices and insights into the starting points of collaboration. In addition, planners from other local settings will gain access to tools and methodologies to replicate and expand these maps to their own contexts. Engaging key stakeholders with experience working in or with primary care centres, public health organizations, primary and secondary schools, civil society organizations, and city councils was vital to ensure the study's relevance and feasibility.

Perceived nutrition needs of people experiencing disadvantage in utilizing support services: An Australian case study.

Individuals experiencing socio-economic disadvantage face higher rates of food insecurity and health disparities. This study explored the perceptions, attitudes, and knowledge of individuals providing nutrition services, and users of these services, to identify nutrition needs and inform potential strategies for addressing diet-related health inequities. Semi-structured interviews were conducted utilizing a phenomenological approach to explore lived experiences, beliefs, and perceptions influencing nutrition-related health. Key themes were derived by consensus among researchers using inductive thematic analysis. Twenty-two interviews were completed, which identified five themes. "Budgetary Constraints" was found to have a pervasive impact on all nutrition-related services. Secondly, diverse "Individual Clientele" was found to influence three overlapping themes pertaining to opportunities and limitations for "Knowledge and Skills," "Services, Resources and Staff," and the "Systems and Food Environment." Budgets directly impact the availability of services, resources, food provision, sustainability, and educational opportunities for staff, volunteers and service users. A live-in environment offers a platform to implement and evaluate targeted interventions to inform and enhance nutrition-related support services. Future interventions should address individual and systemic influences, prioritizing client-informed, cost-effective, sustainable capacity building for clients and staff. Recommendations for systemic and environmental influences include formalized staff training, peer-mentoring systems, and increasing client autonomy. This has the potential to improve food security for residents following their transition into independent living. Charitable system limitations underscore the need for broader systemic change, informed policymaking, and government intervention to effectively address the root causes of food insecurity and diet-related health inequities.

Roles of international agricultural organizations in economy revamp: The Nigerian experience

The enduring problems of hunger and poverty in Nigeria are mostly the result of the agriculture sector's failure to have the desired positive impact on the populace. Hence, the study reviewed the roles of international agricultural organizations in economy revamp: the Nigerian experience. In retrospect, a few governments did make an effort to make a statement about agriculture through the creation of farm settlement programs and state-owned agricultural development organizations. However, welfare concerns more than ever served as justification for these activities rather than absolute economic need. The intervention of International Agricultural Organization (IAO) through various types of international agricultural programmes became significant by concentrating on sustainable agricultural practices, technology transfer, capacity building, and policy advocacy, modernizing agriculture, infrastructure development, policy advocacy and reforms, global agricultural trade , market access and trade, climate resilience, research and development, international research and collaboration, food security and agricultural development. To mention but a few, World Bank, International Fund for Agricultural Development and United State Agencies for International Development have contributed to agriculture revamp in the Nigerian economy. Challenges Affecting the Nigerian Agricultural Economy in International Business include: Infrastructure Deficiency, Limited Access to Finance, Inadequate Research and Development, Policy Instability and Inconsistency. It was presented in the study that by providing solutions to these challenges will contribute to a way forward to revamp agriculture in the Nigerian economy, making it more robust, sustainable, and inclusive.

External Debts and Economic Growth: Evidence from Nigeria

This study examined the relationship between external debts and economic growth for sustainable capacity building in Nigeria, using annual time series data spanning from 1981 to 2022. Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) Bound technique, ARDL cointegration form and Granger causality were employed for the research analysis. The results of the study confirmed that there was evidence of long-run relationship among the variables employed in Nigerian economy. The study discovered that only foreign reserves (FRES) has positive and significant long-run impacts on economic growth (GDP). The results showed that none of the variables has significant short-run impacts on Nigerian economy growth. The Granger causality revealed that it is external debt and interest rate that granger caused economic growth (GDP), while (GDP) granger caused only openness of trade. A bidirectional causality was established between openness of trade and economic growth within the period of study. Based on the research findings, the study recommends that government should discontinue from taking unproductive loans and bonds in order to reduce excessive debt servicing in order to sustain capacity building at all levels and to encourage trade openness to boost internal and external trade in order to enhance sustainable growth and development of the country.

MEMBANGUN BUDAYA AKADEMIK DI SEKOLAH MENENGAH: INTERVENSI PELATIHAN PENULISAN ILMIAH DI KABUPATEN MAJENE

Scientific writing training for teachers in the district of Majene has been organized by the Postgraduate of Makassar State University as part of the Community Service (PKM). The activities are designed to empower teachers in developing and sharpening their skills in scientific writing, with the hope that this will have an impact on improving the quality of education and academic collaboration at the local level. Through a participatory approach, the training offers an interactive platform for teachers to learn the basics of scientific writing, receive direct feedback from sources, and collaborate with fellow participants. This interaction, which combines theory with practice, gives participants an in-depth understanding of the research, writing, and publication process. Furthermore, by leveraging the expertise of the source, participants gain insight into the standards and expectations of the wider academic community. The post-training evaluation showed rejoicing results. The majority of participants increased confidence in writing and felt better prepared to participate in academic discussions and contributions to scientific publications. This increase confirms the effectiveness of the training approach adopted. This initiative, apart from its success in improving teacher writing skills, also shows the great potential of collaboration between higher education institutions and secondary schools. With partnerships like this, there is an opportunity to boost innovation and sustainable capacity-building in education and research in Indonesia.

Leadership and Diplomacy as Effective Tools for Advancing the Principles of Good Governance and Sustainable Economic Development: A Comparative Examination of Nigeria and Rwanda

Objective: This paper aims to analyze the effect of leadership and diplomacy on the good governance and sustainable economic development of Nigeria and Rwanda. The study will focus on the various leadership strategies and capacity-building diplomacy, social welfare diplomacy, and poverty alleviation diplomacy that contribute to good governance and sustainable economic development in these countries. The findings of this research will help to understand the role of leadership and diplomacy in achieving good governance and sustainable economic development in developing countries like Nigeria and Rwanda. Theoretical Framework: The Transformational Leadership Theory proposed by James MacGregor Burns (1978) and Bernard M. Bass (1985) promotes the adoption of a sustainability mindset, prioritizing sustainability considerations over immediate needs and the Contingency Theory of Leadership by Austrian psychologist Fred E. Fiedler (1960) that focuses on identifying specific environmental variables that can determine the most appropriate leadership strategy for a given situation support this article. Method: The research strategy employed in this study was a descriptive survey with 114 (57 from Nigeria and 57 from Rwanda) drawn from ministries of Foreign Affairs using a purposeful and simple random selection approach. The sample size was determined using Slovin's method, n= N/ (1 + Ne2) with N=68 and an acceptable margin of error of e=0.05 for each sample group. Questionnaires were used for data collection, and a CVR value of (1), indicating a high level of validity for the instrument, was acquired through the application of Lawshe’s method, while the homogeneity of the instrument was determined by employing the Kudar-Richardson procedure (KR-21) with r-coefficient score of .79, confirmed the dependability of the questionnaire. The data gathered was analyzed using frequency counts, percentages, mean and standard deviation and paired sample t-tests with a significance level set at p < .05 were used for statistical significance. Findings: The study's findings suggest that the participants from Rwanda had a greater appreciation for the importance of leadership strategies and diplomatic approaches in advancing good governance, sustainable economic development, capacity building, social welfare, and poverty reduction than their Nigerian counterparts. The statistical analysis demonstrated that this disparity was statistically significant at a confidence level of p < .05. Thus, it can be inferred that the effectiveness of leadership and diplomatic approaches depends on the specific country context. Ultimately, these results underscore the critical role of effective leadership and diplomacy in achieving good governance and sustainable economic development. Conclusion: It is imperative to acknowledge that a substantial portion of the programs encompassing the three dimensions of good governance and sustainable economic development has been duly executed. Nevertheless, it is noteworthy that the sustainability of these programs is often compromised due to several factors such as corruption, insecurity, institutional deterioration, and negative public perception.

CHULA Beyond Leading Changes: a Capacity Building Program for Campus Sustainability at Chulalongkorn University

Capacity building for campus sustainability has been recognized as a process of strengthening the university stakeholders’ skills to minimize the negative impacts of current crises and emerging challenges. While many universities emphasize capacity building through research and education activities, most, if not all, neglect activities for non-academic staff. Without the necessary capacity, the universities might not be able to realize their development plans. To address this issue, Chulalongkorn University developed a capacity building program called “Beyond Leading Changes” in 2021 which consists of three modules. The first aims to provide SDGs knowledge and raise awareness on the local and global challenges. The second focuses on the design thinking process in which participants were asked to empathize, define, and ideate potential solutions to sustainability problems. The last module utilizes the project-based leaning approach in which the skills were developed through engaging projects set around real-world problems. 70 supporting staff from various units completed the program which resulted in many interesting pilot projects that cover a wide range of issues. Nevertheless, the challenge remains to make the program more accessible and inclusive.

THE ROLE OF LEGAL PRACTITIONERS IN MITIGATING CORPORATE RISKS IN NIGERIA: A COMPREHENSIVE REVIEW OF EXISTING LITERATURE ON THE STRATEGIES AND APPROACHES ADOPTED BY LEGAL PRACTITIONERS IN NIGERIA TO MITIGATE CORPORATE RISKS

This comprehensive review aims to elucidate the pivotal role of legal practitioners in mitigating corporate risks within the intricate corporate landscape of Nigeria. The method involved a meticulous examination of existing literature, focusing on the legal frameworks, regulatory compliance, collaborative innovation, sustainability principles, education, and capacity-building initiatives, financial stability, infrastructure development, and proactive risk management strategies. The results revealed that legal practitioners are instrumental in shaping robust and dynamic legal frameworks and fostering a culture of adherence to legal and ethical norms. They play a significant role in fostering collaborative innovation, integrating sustainability into corporate governance practices, advancing education and capacity-building initiatives, and implementing effective risk management strategies. The conclusion underscores the indispensable and multifaceted role of legal practitioners in navigating the complexities of corporate governance and risk mitigation in Nigeria. Recommendations include strengthening legal frameworks, enhancing collaborative innovation, promoting sustainable corporate governance, advancing education and capacity building, fostering financial stability and infrastructure development, and implementing proactive risk management strategies. These recommendations are crucial for fostering a resilient, sustainable, and ethically sound corporate landscape in Nigeria
 Keywords: Legal Practitioners, Corporate Risks, Corporate Governance, Risk Mitigation, Nigeria.

Human epoch - Human responsibility: Rethinking coastal zone management in the Anthropocene

The Anthropocene signifies a monumental transformation where human influence on Earth's biophysical systems has become undeniable, necessitating a new perspective on environmental management, especially for critical areas like coastal zones. These regions, poised at the intersection of land and sea, are increasingly impacted by anthropogenic pressures ranging from overfishing and pollution to extreme urbanization, and climate change effects such as sea-level rise and intensified storm events. Thus, effective and sustainable management of the coastal zone has never been more paramount. The Coastal Zone Management (CZM) approach offers a solution with its dynamic, iterative, and collaborative processes aimed at sustainable use and protection of coastal zones. Yet, CZM implementation in the Anthropocene is fraught with challenges such as enhanced integration among varied jurisdictional boundaries and legislative frameworks, stakeholder conflicts, socioeconomic pressures, and rapid environmental changes. However, the Anthropocene, despite the challenges it poses, also provides opportunities for innovation, learning, and adaptation in CZM. With its roots in the principles of integration and precaution, CZM encourages a holistic understanding of issues and emphasizes proactive and preventive action, making it well-suited to manage uncertainties in this time. To cope with CZM challenges, strategies should emphasize interdisciplinary collaboration, adaptive management, stakeholder engagement, policy integration and coordination, sustainable financing, building resilience, and capacity building and education. In the face of the Anthropocene, it's imperative to embrace an anticipatory approach to coastal management, capable of predicting and preemptively addressing future challenges. As we navigate the Anthropocene, our focus should not only be on conservation, but also on finding ways to coexist harmoniously with our environment, ensuring sustainable and resilient coastal zones for future generations.

Applying the Brocher Declaration to short-term experiences in global health in dental education

Participating in Short-Term Experiences in Global Health (STEGHs) has become an increasingly popular way for dental students to learn about the global burden of disease and health inequalities by traveling to a low-income community. However, there is little information available in the dental education literature providing guidelines on best practices for STEGHs. Often little is known about the local dental practice laws and ethics guidelines. One useful resource is the Brocher Declaration. The Brocher Declaration, created by the Advocacy for Global Health Partnerships (AGHP), is a comprehensive document outlining best practices for developing ethical and sustainable global health partnerships. The six guiding principles are: (1) mutual partnership with bidirectional input and learning, (2) empowered host country and community-defined needs and activities, (3) sustainable programs and capacity building, (4) compliance with applicable laws, ethical standards, and code of conduct, (5) humility, cultural sensitivity, and respect for all involved, and (6) accountability for actions. The principles of the Brocher declaration can serve as a foundation for ethics and sustainability and can be easily applied to STEGHs in dental education. The authors present a set of recommendations specific to each principle to guide dental schools in offering STEGHs to their students. Participating in STEGHs represents a unique opportunity for students to learn about the global burden of oral disease, its risk factors, and the population and public health strategies to reduce oral disease in diverse populations. When done ethically, they may serve as a spark for students to become future leaders in global health.

Mortality by Admission Diagnosis in Children 1-60 Months of Age Admitted to a Tertiary Care Government Hospital in Malawi.

Diagnosis-specific mortality is a measure of pediatric healthcare quality that has been incompletely studied in sub-Saharan African hospitals. Identifying the mortality rates of multiple conditions at the same hospital may allow leaders to better target areas for intervention. In this secondary analysis of routinely collected data, we investigated hospital mortality by admission diagnosis in children aged 1-60 months admitted to a tertiary care government referral hospital in Malawi between October 2017 and June 2020. The mortality rate by diagnosis was calculated as the number of deaths among children admitted with a diagnosis divided by the number of children admitted with the same diagnosis. There were 24,452 admitted children eligible for analysis. Discharge disposition was recorded in 94.2% of patients, and 4.0% (N = 977) died in the hospital. The most frequent diagnoses among admissions and deaths were pneumonia/bronchiolitis, malaria, and sepsis. The highest mortality rates by diagnosis were found in surgical conditions (16.1%; 95% CI: 12.0-20.3), malnutrition (15.8%; 95% CI: 13.6-18.0), and congenital heart disease (14.5%; 95% CI: 9.9-19.2). Diagnoses with the highest mortality rates were alike in their need for significant human and material resources for medical care. Improving mortality in this population will require sustained capacity building in conjunction with targeted quality improvement initiatives against both common and deadly diseases.

Capacity Building Strategies for Built Heritage Conservation of George Town World Heritage Site, Penang

ABSTRACT George Town’s inscription as a world heritage site on July 7 2008 has profound ramifications for the city’s subsequent functionalities, image, and identity. Since the UNESCO inscription, heritage shophouses in George Town World Heritage Site (GTWHS) were purchased en-bloc by investors and massive conservation of shop houses took off. Among the key issues faced by GTWHS is a shortage of the right quantity and quality of human capital in building conservation which, in turn, will threaten the authenticity and integrity of the city’s built heritage, if conservation is done without applying conservation principles and proper skills. While there are strategies in George Town’s Special Area Plan to manage the heritage site, there is a dearth of strategies related to capacity building in the city’s heritage sector. Against this backdrop, the paper aims to propound the relevant strategies to enhance George Town’s capacity building for building conservation works. Based on qualitative techniques, this study interviewed heritage experts to identify suitable strategies in capacity building for GTWHS. This paper recommends that existing strategies should garner collective participation from all stakeholders. The strategies proposed should be implemented as soon as possible to ensure quality and continuous generation of the right skills and knowledge toward sustainable capacity building for George Town’s built heritage.

Treatment System Adaptations during War: Lessons from Ukrainian Addiction Treatment Providers

Background: The war in Ukraine has posed significant challenges to the healthcare system. This paper draws upon expert consultations, held between December 2022 and February 2023, focused on HIV/AIDS, addiction, and mental health service delivery during the first year of this war, and following the Global Mental Health Humanitarian Coalition panel discussion in May 2022. Objectives: This commentary presents the experiences of frontline healthcare workers in Ukraine, challenges, and local adaptations to meet the increased mental health needs of healthcare providers. We aimed to document the adaptations made in the addiction healthcare system and to acknowledge the changes in vulnerabilities and lessons learned. Results: Burnout among healthcare providers delivering addiction, HIV/AIDS and mental health services became more visible after the second half of 2022. Challenges included increased workload, contextual threats, lack of job relocation strategies, and money-follow-the-patient policies. Recommendations: The lessons from the first year of war in Ukraine hold significant generalizability to other contexts. These include enabling bottom-up approaches to tailoring services and allowing healthcare providers to respond to the dynamics of war in an effective and active manner. Other recommendations include departmental-specific resources and strategies, particularly as vulnerable groups and challenges are unstable in humanitarian contexts. Conclusions: Globally and in Ukraine, healthcare workers need more than applause. Along with monetary incentives, other strategies to prevent burnout, ensure sustainable capacity building, job relocation opportunities, and bespoke adaptations are imperative to protect healthcare providers’ wellbeing and overall public health.

Integrating indigenous knowledge and state-of-the-art Earth observation solutions for the Sendai framework implementation

PurposeIndigenous peoples represent one of the most vulnerable groups and need access as well as hands-on experience in the use of emerging Earth observations (EO)-based DRR solutions at the community level, while balancing this learning with traditional indigenous knowledge (IK). However, complicating any engagement between EO and IK is the reality that IKs are diverse and dynamic, with location-specific relevance and accuracy. Additionally, the COVID-19 pandemic caused complex risks and cascading effects for which the world was not prepared. Thus, there is a need to examine the lessons learned and motivate emerging EO-based innovations and demonstrations related to DRR and climate change adaptation.Design/methodology/approachHence, this study aims to undertake an in-depth assessment of IK related to DRR covering relevant UN instruments and provides state-of-the-art of opportunities presented by EO-based tools and solutions.FindingsThe overall research strategy was designed to integrate key components of IK for DRR in a coherent and logical way, with those offered by the EO technology developers and providers. There are several EO tools accessible that are relevant to integrate IK and complement DRR. The study examined and identified challenges and barriers to implement workable and replicable EO solutions in pursuit of resilience.Originality/valueThe key findings of this study will help create a balanced approach by acknowledging the importance of IK for DRR with co-development, co-creation and use of culturally relevant EO data and tools for sustainable innovation, capacity building and youth empowerment. The technological inequalities appear to be growing, and it would be challenging to meet the Sendai Framework indicators.

Ethical framework on risk governance of synthetic biology

Synthetic biology is an emerging multidisciplinary field that aims to design and construct new biological systems not found in nature. Whereas synthetic biology may yield tremendous benefits, it may also pose substantial risks to human health and the environment that must be addressed. In this paper, we examined the environmental risks associated with synthetic biology, including changes to or depletion of the environment, competition with native species, horizontal gene transfer, pathogenicity or toxicity, bioterrorism, and laboratory biosecurity. We highlight three approaches for assessing environmental risks in synthetic biology: solution-focused risk assessment, Bayesian networks, and network of networks for sustainable capacity building. An ethical governance framework is proposed to facilitate innovation while minimising risks. This framework emphasises the precautionary principle and balancing stakeholder interests prior to project development and commercialisation. Overall, we underscore the importance and urgency of assessing and managing the environmental risks of synthetic biology to ensure its safe and ethical development and application.

Adult Education and Human Capacity Building for Community Sustainability in Nigeria

The economic, social and environmental issues threatening humans as well as continual existence of communities in Nigeria, requires the contribution of all. Adult members, constituting greater portion of the country’s population, are seen as agents through which the economic, social and environmental challenges facing communities as well as the countries can be addressed. However, solutions to the plethora of issues confronting community sustainability, requires greater number of the adult’s population possessing the requisite knowledge and skills through education. Education seen as a powerful instrument for social change, helps reduce social and economic issues like poverty, hunger, crime, unemployment, social inequalities, disease, just to mention but few, and give individuals the opportunities to live fulfilled life. Although, education is categorized into formal, informal and non-formal dimension, this study specifically reviews literatures on adult education and human resources capacity building for community sustainability in Nigeria. From the contents of the literature reviewed, it was indicated that adult education programmes contributes towards sustainable growth, successful employment, self-reliance and access to justice for all in communities in Nigeria. Thus, adult education equips individuals with knowledge as well as skills capable of enhancing their potentials as well as capabilities in making effective contributions towards the social, economic and environmental sustainability of communities in Nigeria.

The Transition of Co-management Practices in a Marine Protected Area: A View from the Bajau Seafaring Nomadic Community in Indonesia

Customary communities with nature-based livelihoods have ways of knowing and living with their environment that they are best situated to manage. One example of such a group that lives in coastal and small island areas is the semi-nomadic Bajau people. At present, most of them have been sedentary in coastal areas and several Marine Protected Areas (MPA) such as Wakatobi National Park (WNP). They are rarely incorporated into the MPA management system. This research aims to investigate the transitional pattern of co-management in MPA from the view of the Bajau as a maritime-oriented people. This ethnographic study was carried out in five Bajau villages in WNP, Southeast Sulawesi, Indonesia. Interviews and participatory mapping were employed as research methods among related stakeholders to explore the many perspectives on these issues. WNP is starting to put the concept of co-management into practice, yet they face several challenges. However, Bajau communities there face cultural degradation and institutional complexities in inter- and intragroup relations, especially in promoting coastal and marine management. The documented pillars of the Bajau community indicate socio-ecological constraints on their involvement in the co-management transition of WNP. Administration, governance, sustainable resource management, capacity building, locality, and other issues can be addressed via a participatory model, but there will be difficulties to resolve on many levels for this model to prove optimally effective. To justify the need for WNP, Bajau sacred areas as part of traditional ecological knowledge have the prospect of being incorporated into marine co-management schemes.

Competitive African Rice Initiative: perceptions, utilisation and effectiveness of its practise among rice farmers in Kebbi State, Nigeria

Abstract Agricultural extension service in Nigeria is largely public sector driven. Unfortunately, the sector is not operating at its maximum largely due to weak institutional structure and poor extension to farmers’ ratio. As such, smallholder farmers often suffer low productivity and poor product quality. The study therefore examined the perceptions, utilisation and effectiveness of the Competitive African Rice Initiative (CARI) extension practise in Kebbi State, Nigeria. Multi-stage sampling procedure was used to select 120 rice farmers enrolled under the initiative in the study area. The data collected were analysed using descriptive and inferential statistics. The study revealed that the average age of the respondents was 47.8 ± 1.72 years, 76.7% were male and married (73.1%). The study further revealed that the respondents were smallholder farmers (5.6 ± 7.22 acres). Respondent’s perception of CARI was favourable at 72.5% (36 ± 2.8), Rice Advice (x̄ = 1.32) ranked highest at the CARI tool utilised most, while the deployment of CARI extension practise was effective 65.8% (48 ± 3.4). There was a significant association between marital status (χ 2 = 3.242, p = 0.023), utilisation of CARI tools, and effectiveness of CARI in extension practise (r = 0.206, p = 0.001). The study recommends sustained capacity building for enrollees of the initiative to enhance utilisation and ensure optimum effectiveness.