Survival Rate Of Lung Cancer Patients Research Articles

Clinical pathway in Chinese county for lung cancer diagnosis and treatment (2023 edition)

Lung cancer (LC) is the leading cause of death among patients with cancer both in worldwide and China. China accounts for 11.4% of the total number of cancer cases and 18.0% of the total number of cancer deaths in the world. Standardizing the diagnosis and treatment of LC is a key measure to improve the survival rate of LC patients and reduce the mortality rate. However, county hospitals generally face the problem of inaccessibility to advanced diagnostic and treatment technologies. Therefore, when developing quality control standards and clinical diagnosis and treatment specifications, it is necessary to combine the actual situation of county hospitals and formulate specific recommendations. The recommendations of treatment measures also need to consider the approval status of indications and whether it is included in the National Reimbursement Drug List (NRDL), to ensure the access to medicines. In order to solve the above problems, based on existing guidelines at home and abroad and the clinical work characteristics of county hospitals, the first clinical pathway in Chinese county for LC diagnosis and treatment (2023 edition) was compiled. This pathway elaborated on the imaging diagnosis, pathological diagnosis, molecular testing, and precision medicine based on histological-pathological types, tumor-node-metastasis (TNM) classification, and molecular classification, developed different diagnosis and treatment processes for different types of LC patients. Simultaneously, according to the actual work situation of county hospitals, the diagnosis and treatment recommendations in clinical scenarios are divided into basic strategies and optional strategies for elaboration. The basic strategies are the standards that county hospitals must meet, while the optional strategies provide more choices for hospitals, which are convenient for county doctors to put into clinical practice. All the recommended diagnostic and treatment plans strictly refer to existing guidelines and consensus, ensuring the scientificity.

CRISPER/CAS System, a Novel Tool of Targeted Therapy of Drug-Resistant Lung Cancer.

Lung cancer (LC) is the most common cause of cancer-related death worldwide. Patients with LC are usually diagnosed at advanced phases. Five-year survival rate in LC patients is approximately 16%. Despite decades of research on LC treatments, clinical outcomes are still very poor, necessitating to develop novel technologies to manage the disease. Considering the role of genetic and epigenetic changes in oncogenes and tumor-suppressor genes in cancer progression, gene therapy provides a hot spot in cancer treatment research. Gene therapy offers less side effects compared to conventional methods such as chemotherapy. Unlike the traditional approaches of gene therapy that have temporary effects, using genetic modification tools can offer persistent cure. Over the past a few years, many studies have effectively used the CRISPR–Cas9 approach to modify gene expression in cells. This system is applied to induce site-specific mutagenesis and epigenetic modifications and regulate gene expression. In this review, we discuss recent applications of the CRISPR–Cas9 technology in treating LC.

The utility of histological subtype for predicting survival of lung cancer patients with rheumatoid arthritis.

BackgroundThis study determined whether the survival of lung cancer (LC) patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is differed by histological subtype.MaterialsThis observational, retrospective study compared the LC survival rate of 34 RA patients with that of 132 age- and sex-matched patients without RA who received medical care from 2011 to 2016. Survival curves were generated using the Kaplan-Meier method. Cox proportional hazards regression analyses were used to estimate hazard ratios and determine risk factors predicting mortality according to histological subtype, including small cell lung cancer (SCLC), and non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).ResultsThe predominant histological subtype was adenocarcinoma in both groups, however, a larger proportion of SCLC patients was noted in patients with both LC and RA, compared to those with LC but without RA (26.5% vs. 12.9%, respectively; P=0.0317). LC patients with RA had a significantly lower body mass index (P=0.0488), and a higher proportion of interstitial lung disease (P<0.0001), compared to patients without RA. There was no statistical difference in the distribution of smoking status, stage, or comorbidity index between groups. Overall survival did not differ between LC patients with and without RA. Mortality was significantly worse for RA patients with SCLC than those with NSCLC (P=0.0404), and RA was associated with a 3.26-fold increase in mortality for SCLC patients with versus without RA (P=0.0350; 95% confidence interval: 1.05–9.56). However, RA was not a risk factor for mortality in NSCLC and, even in histological subtypes including lung adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma.ConclusionsRA was not associated with a lower overall survival rate for LC patients, irrespective of histological subtype. Because the effects of RA on LC mortality might differ between SCLC and NSCLC patients, future studies should recognize that the histological subtype may affect the outcome.

WE-D-207-02: Capturing Data Elements and the Role of Imaging Informatics

In the United States, Lung Cancer is responsible for more cancer deaths than the next four cancers combined. In addition, the 5 year survival rate for lung cancer patients has not improved over the past 40 to 50 years. To combat this deadly disease, in 2002 the National Cancer Institute launched a very large Randomized Control Trial called the National Lung Screening Trial (NLST). This trial would randomize subjects who had substantial risk of lung cancer (due to age and smoking history) into either a Chest X-ray arm or a low dose CT arm. In November 2010, the National Cancer Institute announced that the NLST had demonstrated 20% fewer lung cancer deaths among those who were screened with low-dose CT than with chest X-ray. In December 2013, the US Preventive Services Task Force recommended the use of Lung Cancer Screening using low dose CT and a little over a year later (Feb. 2015), CMS announced that Medicare would also cover Lung Cancer Screening using low dose CT. Thus private and public insurers are required to provide Lung Cancer Screening programs using CT to the appropriate population(s). The purpose of this Symposium is to inform medical physicists and prepare them to support the implementation of Lung Screening programs. This Symposium will focus on the clinical aspects of lung cancer screening, requirements of a screening registry for systematically capturing and tracking screening patients and results (such as required Medicare data elements) as well as the role of the medical physicist in screening programs, including the development of low dose CT screening protocols. Learning Objectives: 1. To understand the clinical basis and clinical components of a lung cancer screening program, including eligibility criteria and other requirements. 2. To understand the data collection requirements, workflow, and informatics infrastructure needed to support the tracking and reporting components of a screening program. 3. To understand the role of the medical physicist in implementing Lung Cancer Screening protocols for CT, including utilizing resources such as the AAPM Protocols and the ACR Designated Lung Screening Center program. UCLA Department of Radiology has an Institutional research agreement with Siemens Healthcare; Dr. McNitt-Gray has been a recipient of Research Support from Siemens Healthcare in the past. Dr. Aberle has been a Member of Advisory Boards for the LUNGevity Foundation (2011-present) and Siemens Medical Solutions. (2013).

WE-D-207-01: Background and Clinical Implementation of a Screening Program

In the United States, Lung Cancer is responsible for more cancer deaths than the next four cancers combined. In addition, the 5 year survival rate for lung cancer patients has not improved over the past 40 to 50 years. To combat this deadly disease, in 2002 the National Cancer Institute launched a very large Randomized Control Trial called the National Lung Screening Trial (NLST). This trial would randomize subjects who had substantial risk of lung cancer (due to age and smoking history) into either a Chest X-ray arm or a low dose CT arm. In November 2010, the National Cancer Institute announced that the NLST had demonstrated 20% fewer lung cancer deaths among those who were screened with low-dose CT than with chest X-ray. In December 2013, the US Preventive Services Task Force recommended the use of Lung Cancer Screening using low dose CT and a little over a year later (Feb. 2015), CMS announced that Medicare would also cover Lung Cancer Screening using low dose CT. Thus private and public insurers are required to provide Lung Cancer Screening programs using CT to the appropriate population(s). The purpose of this Symposium is to inform medical physicists and prepare them to support the implementation of Lung Screening programs. This Symposium will focus on the clinical aspects of lung cancer screening, requirements of a screening registry for systematically capturing and tracking screening patients and results (such as required Medicare data elements) as well as the role of the medical physicist in screening programs, including the development of low dose CT screening protocols. Learning Objectives: 1. To understand the clinical basis and clinical components of a lung cancer screening program, including eligibility criteria and other requirements. 2. To understand the data collection requirements, workflow, and informatics infrastructure needed to support the tracking and reporting components of a screening program. 3. To understand the role of the medical physicist in implementing Lung Cancer Screening protocols for CT, including utilizing resources such as the AAPM Protocols and the ACR Designated Lung Screening Center program. UCLA Department of Radiology has an Institutional research agreement with Siemens Healthcare; Dr. McNitt-Gray has been a recipient of Research Support from Siemens Healthcare in the past. Dr. Aberle has been a Member of Advisory Boards for the LUNGevity Foundation (2011-present) and Siemens Medical Solutions. (2013).