Survey Of Smoking Habits Research Articles

A survey of smoking habits and perspectives in patients with hidradenitis suppurativa.

Patients attending the hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) clinic at our centre were surveyed about their smoking habits and their perspectives on the relationship between smoking and HS. We identified 27 patients with a smoking history, and age of onset of smoking preceded age of onset of HS in 81.5%, with an average time interval of 5 years. There were mixed patient perceptions on the role of smoking in HS, highlighting the need for more research in this area, and the importance of engaging and educating patients on the results of epidemiological studies in HS.

Bias from using occupational smoking prevalence to adjust occupational incidence cohort lung cancer mortality rates.

Objective:To describe how smoking correction factors based on comparing worker smoking prevalence with population smoking prevalence are biased if applied to an occupational incidence cohort.Methods:Relative rates of smoking for shorter-tenure workers derived from occupational cohort lung cancer studies were applied to incidence and prevalence population tenure distributions to calculate relative smoking estimates.Results:High smoking rates in short-tenure workers have little effect on prevalent worker rates (relative smoking estimates, 1.04 and 1.02) and much larger effect in occupational incidence populations (relative smoking estimates, 1.58 and 1.21), which have a much higher proportion of short tenure-workers.Conclusions:Smoking correction estimates derived from surveys of smoking habits in prevalent workers may introduce bias when applied to incidence workers because of very different proportions of short-tenure workers (length-time biased sampling).

Light smokers are less likely to receive advice to quit from their GP than moderate-to-heavy smokers: A comparison of national survey data from the Netherlands and England

Background: A substantial proportion of smokers nowadays smoke fewer than 10 cigarettes per day (cpd). These ‘light’ smokers are still exposed to significant health risks but may not receive as much attention from health professionals as heavier smokers. The Netherlands and England are two countries with very different smoking cessation treatment climates and may vary in the extent to which GPs advise on smoking cessation.Objectives: To assess whether Dutch and English light smokers (< 10 cpd) are less likely to receive advice to stop smoking during a consultation with their GP than moderate-to-heavy smokers (≥ 10 cpd).Methods: We compared data from two series of national surveys: the Dutch ‘Continuous Survey of Smoking Habits’ and the English ‘Smoking Toolkit Study’. We included respondents to both surveys from February 2010 to December 2011, aged 16+ years, who consulted their GP in the previous 12 months.Results: A total of 7734 smokers responded to the surveys in the Netherlands and 10 383 in England. The percentage of Dutch smokers who received advice to quit from their GP was 22.6% (95% CI = 21.5–23.7) compared with 58.9% (95% CI = 57.6–60.2) of English smokers. Light smokers were less likely to receive advice to quit than moderate-to-heavy smokers, both in the Netherlands (OR = 0.57, 95% CI = 0.50–0.65) and in England (OR = 0.64, 95% CI = 0.57–0.72).Conclusion: Smokers in the Netherlands are less than half as likely to receive advice to quit from their GP as smokers in England. In both countries, light smokers are less likely to receive advice to quit from their GP than moderate-to-heavy smokers.

Evolución de la prevalencia de tabaquismo entre las médicas y enfermeras de la Comunidad de Madrid

BackgroundSmoking is a major cause of mortality in Spain. Tobacco smoking by health care workers has a negative influence on the general population. In Spain, the prevalence of smoking is high and is increasing among women. The aim of this study was to identify tobacco consumption among female physicians and nurses in the Community of Madrid, as well as to determine their knowledge about smoking and whether smoke-free areas are available in health centers. MethodsA cross-sectional, descriptive study was performed in 1998 and 2001 through survey of smoking habits in the female medical staff in the Community of Madrid. Multi-stage sampling with conglomerates was used. ResultsWe studied 1235 health professionals (435 doctors and 800 nurses) in 1998 and 1000 in 2001 (400 doctors and 600 nurses); 43.1% were smokers in 1998 and 43% were smokers in 2001. In both years smoking was more prevalent among nurses (47.6% and 47%) than doctors (34.7% and 37%). Smoking was also more prevalent among health professionals working in hospitals (46.6% and 46.7%) than in those working in primary care (35.3% and 37.3%). When both years were compared, no significant differences in smoking prevalence according to profession were found. In both surveys, the prevalence of smoking was lowest among younger (< 30 years) doctors (22.9% and 23.6%). A similar situation was found in 2001 among nurses (43.8% of those aged < 30 years smoked). The percentage of exsmokers was higher in 2001 (18.9% vs. 27.8%). The percentage of health workers who smoked in front of patients decreased (2.9% vs. 1%) as did the percentage of those who thought smoking should be allowed smoke in waiting rooms (14.9% vs. 7.4%). The percentage of workers who smoked in staff rooms decreased (90.6% vs. 87.1%) and that of health professionals who worked in centers with a specific smoking area increased (30.4% vs. 59.4%). ConclusionsThe prevalence of smoking among female physicians and nurses in the Community of Madrid is very high, and in the case of nurses, it higher than among the generalpopulation. No substantial changes were observed between the two surveys. Smoking is more frequent among nurses than among doctors, and is more frequent in hospitals than in primary care. In the second survey, those who smoked less were the younger members of both professions, which allows a certain optimism. Although it has improved, observance of current legislation in health centers continues to be very low.

Evolution of the prevalence of smoking among female physicians and nurses in the Autonomous Community of Madrid, Spain

BACKGROUND Smoking is a major cause of mortality in Spain. Tobacco smoking by health care workers has a negative influence on the general population. In Spain, the prevalence of smoking is high and is increasing among women. The aim of this study was to identify tobacco consumption among female physicians and nurses in the Community of Madrid, as well as to determine their knowledge about smoking and whether smoke-free areas are available in health centers. METHODS A cross-sectional, descriptive study was performed in 1998 and 2001 through survey of smoking habits in the female medical staff in the Community of Madrid. Multi-stage sampling with conglomerates was used. RESULTS We studied 1235 health professionals (435 doctors and 800 nurses) in 1998 and 1000 in 2001 (400 doctors and 600 nurses); 43.1% were smokers in 1998 and 43% were smokers in 2001. In both years smoking was more prevalent among nurses (47.6% and 47%) than doctors (34.7% and 37%). Smoking was also more prevalent among health professionals working in hospitals (46.6% and 46.7%) than in those working in primary care (35.3% and 37.3%). When both years were compared, no significant differences in smoking prevalence according to profession were found. In both surveys, the prevalence of smoking was lowest among younger (< 30 years) doctors (22.9% and 23.6%). A similar situation was found in 2001 among nurses (43.8% of those aged < 30 years smoked). The percentage of exsmokers was higher in 2001 (18.9% vs. 27.8%). The percentage of health workers who smoked in front of patients decreased (2.9% vs. 1%) as did the percentage of those who thought smoking should be allowed smoke in waiting rooms (14.9% vs. 7.4%). The percentage of workers who smoked in staff rooms decreased (90.6% vs. 87.1%) and that of health professionals who worked in centers with a specific smoking area increased (30.4% vs. 59.4%). CONCLUSIONS The prevalence of smoking among female physicians and nurses in the Community of Madrid is very high, and in the case of nurses, it higher than among the general population. No substantial changes were observed between the two surveys. Smoking is more frequent among nurses than among doctors, and is more frequent in hospitals than in primary care. In the second survey, those who smoked less were the younger members of both professions, which allows a certain optimism. Although it has improved, observance of current legislation in health centers continues to be very low.

War related changes in cigarette smoking: a follow-up survey study of health professionals in Sarajevo

This study provides a follow-up to a 1994 survey of smoking habits among health care workers in Sarajevo during the military siege of that city. Because many of the respondents to the earlier survey could not be found, this study is composed of a new sample with different parameters. It was hypothesized that the end of active military operations following the Dayton Accords would produce a decrease in the high level of smoking behaviours previously recorded. In fact, cigarette consumption increased significantly following the end of hostilities. The authors discuss social and psychological variables that may be contributing to the present findings.

Smoking. Decreasing the prevalence of smoking among Finnish physicians

A postal survey of smoking habits was conducted in a population of Finnish physicians between October and December 1990. Among the 1,623 surveyed (1,231 responses, a 75.8% response rate) the prevalence of daily smoking among male physicians was 10% while in females it was 6%. Another 15% (6% of females) smoked occasionally. Smoking was more prevalent among elderly physicians. Daily smoking among physicians has decreased since 1969, when the daily smoking prevalence was 24% among male respondents and 17% among females. In addition, according to the survey, Finnish physicians often advice their patients to stop smoking if they have a disease, disorder or complaint for which the prognosis has already been reported to be associated with smoking.

Residential radon exposure and lung cancer—an epidemiological study of Norwegian municipalities

The study is based on a collaboration between the Cancer Registry of Norway, the Norwegian Radiation Protection Authority, and National Radiological Protection Board (NRPB, UK). The association between indoor radon exposure and lung cancer was studied in 427 municipalities. NRPB detectors were sent to 10,000 households, and 7,500 of the detectors were returned. Data from a nation-wide survey of smoking habits in 1964-1965 were available. Data on asbestos exposure were also used in a regression analysis. The reporting to the Cancer Registry of all new cases of cancer is fairly complete, as hospital departments and institutes of pathology are obliged to report all cancer cases. The histologically confirmed lung cancer cases were grouped into squamous-cell carcinoma, small-cell carcinoma, adenocarcinoma and other or non-specified histological types. The age-adjusted rate of lung cancer by histological type was the dependent variable in the regression analysis. A consistent increase in incidence of lung cancer was seen with increasing tobacco consumption, but no positive trend could be shown with increasing radon exposure in the descriptive presentation of the data. In the regression analysis, however, the incidence of small-cell anaplastic lung tumors in females increased significantly with increasing radon exposure. When based on the regression coefficients, the fraction of lung cancers attributable to radon is about 2-4%. However, systematic errors cannot be excluded in an ecological study such as presented here.

Survey of Smoking Habits and Attitudes of Patients and Staff in Psychiatric Hospitals

One hundred and six staff members and 150 patients of three psychiatric hospitals in Israel were administered a smoking habit and attitudes questionnaire. Upon analyzing the data, staff members and patients made up a very high percentage of smokers, 48.1 and 76%, respectively. The staff was not knowledgeable enough about the hazards of smoking. Nurses generously used cigarettes in order to appease the patients. Furthermore, the patients admitted being encouraged to smoke by the staff. According to these findings, a patient hospitalized in the psychiatric hospitals surveyed is significantly exposed to the pro-smoking atmosphere and the hazards of smoking.

Tobacco prevention in hospitals: long‐term follow‐up of a smoking control programme

This paper presents the results of a smoking control programme carried out in Sant Jaume i Santa Magdalena Hospital in Mataró (Barcelona, Spain) involving the entire hospital staff. The general objectives of the programme were: (1) to reduce tobacco consumption among hospital staff and (2) to create an awareness of their exemplary role as health professionals. In order to achieve these aims, different activities were carried out: lectures on the consequences of smoking; restrictions on smoking in hospital areas; and smoking cessation help for those who wished to give up smoking. To measure the effectiveness of the intervention, a survey of smoking habits and attitudes among the hospital staff was conducted before the start of the programme in 1986 and repeated two and a half years later in 1989. The population studied in both surveys (n = 298 and n = 304) was similar by sex, age, and professional status. Regarding tobacco consumption there was the same proportion of never smokers, while the percentage of current smokers was reduced by 11 between the two surveys (51 to 40%), and the ex-smokers group showed an increase (16 to 23%). These differences were significant. There was also a remarkable change in attitudes among the health professionals, especially with regard to their disposition to give advice to stop smoking. The results show a reduction of the prevalence of smoking among the hospital staff and a positive change in their attitudes towards smoking.

Parental Smoking and the Risk of Childhood Asthma

In order to explore the correlation between parents' smoking habits and bronchial asthma in children, we undertook a cross-sectional study of 3300 (54% males, 46% females) school children aged 7-12 years old. A survey of smoking habits and attitudes conducted in Saudi Arabia showed a positive correlation between parental smoking and asthma. This study showed a significant link between parental smoking and chest wheeze or whistling, cough, and family history of rhinitis. Evidence is accumulating that there is a relationship between parental smoking and respiratory symptoms in Saudi children. The present study results are clear evidence of a definite association between smoking in the home and bronchial asthma in young children, which not only may present immediate problems, but may also be a cause of illness in the future.

Survey of student nurses' smoking habits in a London teaching hospital

As a preliminary to a 3-year intervention project to reduce smoking levels and prevent smoking commencement among student nurses, a survey of smoking habits among all 368 student nurses at The Royal Free Hospital was conducted in the Autumn of 1988. Absence rates of smokers and those who had never smoked were also studied. The response rate was high (95%) and the survey showed a high percentage (43%) of smokers among the student nurses. There was a higher proportion of smokers among those who did not respond to the first mailing of the questionnaire. The absence rate among smokers was almost twice that of the nonsmokers (P less than 0.005) and the number of days absent was related to the number of cigarettes smoked (P less than 0.05). Sixty-two per cent of nurses who smoked before they started their training (n = 125) said they had increased their smoking since commencing training and 39 (11%) nurses started smoking after starting nurse training. 'Stress', greater opportunity to smoke and peer influence were given as reasons for increased smoking and smoking commencement during nurse training.

Smoking Habits of Elderly Diabetic Patients

The results of a survey of smoking habits in elderly diabetic patients are presented. Our survey suggests that most elderly diabetics are non-smokers and that the latter group are less likely to require insulin than their smoking counterparts. The majority of patients who gave up smoking following the diagnosis of diabetes did so following their doctor's advice and we suggest that all diabetic patients should be discouraged from smoking by their doctors.

Morbidity and mortality from chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.

The National Mortality Database of Statistics Canada was used to study chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) mortality trends between 1950 and 1984 by age, sex, birth cohort, and province. Provincial hospital statistics were combined for the period 1971 to 1984 to determine age-specific hospital separation rates for COPD. Utilization of physician services for COPD was determined for one province using physicians' claims for payment. Results of these analyses indicate that mortality from COPD has leveled off for men and is increasing for women; the trend is different for combined chronic bronchitis-emphysema and for asthma. Mortality from COPD varies by age, sex, birth cohort, and province. Mortality from COPD stopped increasing with the 1910 to 1914 birth cohort in men and the 1920 to 1924 in women. Male and female birth cohorts born after 1920 to 1924 have decreased mortality. It is speculated that the age-standardized mortality will decrease in the near future. Surveys of smoking habits over time support the hypothesis that a proportion of sex, birth cohort, regional, and socio-economic variation of COPD mortality is due to smoking. Hospital morbidity is higher for men than for women particularly for those more than 65 yr of age. Between 1971 and 1983, mortality/morbidity ratios were relatively stable. Asthma mortality and morbidity are increasing; changing concepts about the disease may be one reason for this observation.

Radon and Lung Cancer: An Epidemiological Study in Norway

Abstract The objectives and strategy of an epidemiological study on the effects of exposure to radon in Norwegian dwellings is presented. The study is a cooperation between the National Institute of Radiation Hygiene and the Norwegian Cancer Registry in Norway and the National Radiological Protection Board of the United Kingdom, with funding by the Norwegian Cancer Society. Measurements of radon are being made in 10,000 dwellings representing all Norwegian municipalities. The houses have been selected by a stratified random sampling procedure based on data from the Central Bureau of Statistics of Norway. The number of measurements in each municipality is proportional to the number of inhabitants. The total population of Norway is about 4 million. Thus one measurement will be performed per 400 inhabitants and one in 150 homes will be measured. The potential for detecting an effect of radon exposure by such a study in Norway is unique because; (1) Radon concentrations are high and there are large regional variations. (2) Data from the Norwegian Cancer Registry is of high quality: all cancers have been subject to compulsory reporting since 1955. These data can be broken down according to municipality, sex and age. (3) In 1964/1965 a large scale survey of smoking habits was carried out in Norway. These data can also be broken down according to municipality, sex and age, and by types of smoking and smoking rate. It is intended to examine the correlation between lung cancer incidence and geographical variation in radon levels after making allowance for smoking habilts. Radon measurements were started in early 1987 and the results of the study are expected to be published in 1989.

The bamboo smoke screen: Tobacco smoking in China

This paper presents results from a survey of smoking habits and health beliefs in the Guangzhou district of China. Analysis of the results obtained from a self-completion questionnaire revealed a high rate of smoking among men and a low rate among women, despite a reported awareness of the health hazards involved. Using data from the survey, the supplementary interviews and an analysis of the composition of several popular cigarette brands, the paper discusses the implications of these smoking habits for those concerned to promote health in China.

Pack size, reported cigarette smoking rates, and public health.

The relation between packs containing 25 or 20 cigarettes each and self-reports of daily cigarette intake was examined in surveys of smoking habits from the United States and Canada. More Canadian than US smokers report smoking 25 cigarettes per day (19.3 per cent vs 2.1 per cent). As market share of packs of 25 increases across six regions in North America, reports of smoking 25 cigarettes per day increase. Even if smoke exposure remains constant, smoking statistics are likely to be influenced by pack size.

A Survey of Smoking Habits and Health of Students and Residents in Rural Districts in Miyazaki Prefecture

A Survey of Smoking Habits and Health of Students and Residents in Rural Districts in Miyazaki Prefecture

The growing epidemic: a survey of smoking habits and attitudes toward smoking among students in grades 7 through 12 in Toledo and Lucas County (Ohio) public schools-1964 and 1971.

The growing epidemic: a survey of smoking habits and attitudes toward smoking among students in grades 7 through 12 in Toledo and Lucas County (Ohio) public schools-1964 and 1971. S R Kelson, J L Pullella, and A OtterlandCopyRight https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.65.9.923 Published Online: October 07, 2011