Surgery For Epithelial Ovarian Cancer Research Articles

The synergistic mechanisms of propofol with cisplatin or doxorubicin in human ovarian cancer cells

BackgroundMost ovarian cancer cases are diagnosed at an advanced stage, leading to poor outcomes and a relatively low 5-year survival rate. While tumor resection in the early stages can be highly effective, recurrence following primary treatment remains a significant cause of mortality. Propofol is a commonly used intravenous anesthetic agent in cancer resection surgery. Previous research has shown that propofol anesthesia was associated with improved survival in patients undergoing elective surgery for epithelial ovarian cancer. However, the underlying antitumor mechanisms are not yet fully understood.MethodsThis study aimed to uncover the antitumor properties of propofol alone and combined with cisplatin or doxorubicin, in human SKOV3 and OVCAR3 ovarian cancer cells. We applied flowcytometry analysis for mitochondrial membrane potential, apoptosis, and autophagy, colony formation, migration, and western blotting analysis.ResultsGiven that chemotherapy is a primary clinical approach for managing advanced and recurrent ovarian cancer, it is essential to address the limitations of current chemotherapy, particularly in the use of cisplatin and doxorubicin, which are often constrained by their side effects and the development of resistance. First of all, propofol acted synergistically with cisplatin and doxorubicin in SKOV3 cells. Moreover, our data further showed that propofol suppressed colony formation, disrupted mitochondrial membrane potential, and induced apoptosis and autophagy in SKOV3 and OVCAR3 cells. Finally, the effects of combined propofol with cisplatin or doxorubicin on mitochondrial membrane potential, apoptosis, autophagy, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition were different in SKOV3 and OVCAR3 cells, depending on the p53 status.ConclusionIn summary, repurposing propofol could provide novel insights into the existing chemotherapy strategies for ovarian cancer. It holds promise for overcoming resistance to cisplatin or doxorubicin and may potentially reduce the required chemotherapy dosages and associated side effects, thus improving treatment outcomes.

Post-splenectomy thrombocytosis and survival outcomes of patients submitted to maximal effort cytoreductive surgery for advanced epithelial ovarian cancer

Background: Splenectomy is a very common procedure that is frequently necessary in cases requiring upper abdominal surgery for ovarian cancer. To date, the impact of postoperative thrombocytosis on ovarian cancer survival has not been studied. In the present retrospective cohort study we chose to evaluate the impact of post-splenectomy thrombocytosis on survival outcomes of patients with advanced epithelial ovarian cancer that were submitted to maximal effort cytoreductive procedures. Methods: We conducted a retrospective cohort study based on cases that had major debulking procedures, involving upper abdominal surgery for epithelial ovarian cancer. Results: Overall, 82 women had splenectomy of whom, 52 (63%) developed thrombocytosis. The results of the univariate analysis revealed that postoperative thrombocytosis did not increase the risk of disease recurrence (62.94 months (31.71, 93.27) vs 31.40 months (21.39, 41.41) log-rank=.683). Similar results were obtained for overall survival of included patients which was comparable among the two groups (87.50 months (53.47, 121.52) vs 47.78 months (34.30, 61.25), log-rank=.511). Logistic regression analysis revealed that only age was a predictive factor of postoperative thrombocytosis with an effect of minimal clinical importance (OR 0.94, 95% CI 0.89, 1.00). Conclusion: Post-splenectomy thrombocytosis does not affect the survival outcomes of patients with advanced epithelial ovarian cancer that undergo major debulking procedures. This might be explained by the underlying mechanisms which in the case of postoperative thrombocytosis seem to be completely disconnected from the pathophysiology of cancer.

A randomized controlled trial to compare short-term outcomes following infragastric and infracolic omentectomy at the time of primary debulking surgery for epithelial ovarian cancer with normal-appearing omentum

BackgroundOmentectomy is an important procedure in surgery for epithelial ovarian cancer, but the scope of omentectomy is not recommended in the guidelines. This study was performed to evaluate the benefits and risks of infragastric omentectomy in patients with epithelial ovarian cancer.MethodsThis trial is a single center prospective study. Primary epithelial ovarian cancer patients with normal-appearing omentum were randomly assigned to either the control or experimental group and underwent infracolic or infragastric omentectomy, respectively. The primary endpoint was progression-free survival. This trial is registered on Chinese clinical trial registry site (ChiCTR1800018771).ResultsA total of 106 patients meeting the inclusion criteria for ovarian cancer were included during the study period. Of these, 53 patients underwent infracolic omentectomy, whereas 53 patients received infragastric omentectomy. Multivariate analysis revealed that infragastric omentectomy could improve the detection rate of omental metastases (OR: 6.519, P = 0.005). Infragastric omentectomy improved progression-free survival significantly for those cases with higher than stage IIB disease (HR: 0.456, P = 0.041). Based on the short-term results, infragastric omentectomy did not cause more perioperative complications.ConclusionsCompared with infracolic omentectomy, infragrastric omentectomy may be a more appropriate surgical procedure for stage IIB-IIIC epithelial ovarian cancer patients with normal-appearing omentum.

Impact of preoperative carbohydrate loading on postoperative course and morbidity in debulking surgery for epithelial ovarian cancer.

Despite the theoretical benefits, the favorable effect of preoperative carbohydrate loading on postoperative morbidity remains controversial. Most of the outcomes reported in the literature are derived from non-gynecologic surgery data, with only one study involving a limited number of patients specifically in gynecological oncology. The present study aimed to investigate the impact of carbohydrate loading, as a single element of enhanced recovery after surgery protocols, on postoperative course and morbidity in patients undergoing debulking surgery for epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC). The present study was a non-randomized, prospective cohort trial enrolling patients with EOC who underwent surgery between June 2018 and December 2021. An oral carbohydrate supplement with a dose of 50 g was given to patients 2-3 h before anesthesia. Data on postoperative course and morbidity were collected and compared with data of a historical cohort including consecutive patients who underwent surgery without a carbohydrate loading between January 2015 and June 2018. Analyses were performed on a total of 162 patients, including 72 patients in the carbohydrate loading group and 90 patients in the control group. Median length of hospital stay (11 days vs. 11 days; P=0.555), postoperative days 1-7 serum c-reactive protein levels (P=0.213), 30-day readmission (11.6% vs. 11.5%, P=0.985), 30-day relaparotomy (2.8% vs. 3.4%, P=0.809) and 30-day morbidity (48.6% vs. 46.7%; P=0.805) were comparable between the cohorts. No significant differences in grades of morbidities were identified between the cohorts (P=0.511). Multivariate analysis revealed that the sole independent risk factor for any postoperative morbidity was operative time. In conclusion, based on the results of the present study, postoperative course and morbidity seemed to be unaffected by carbohydrate loading in patients undergoing debulking surgery for EOC.

Survival outcomes of epithelial ovarian cancer treated at a tertiary-level hospital in India.

One needs to choose wisely between primary neoadjuvant chemotherapy and primary cytoreductive surgery in ovarian cancer. The aim was to determine the recurrence free survival and overall survival after surgery for epithelial ovarian cancer and also the risk factors for recurrence and death. Electronic medical records of 322 women operated for ovarian, fallopian or primary peritoneal cancer between 2011 and 2015table were reviewed. Descriptive statistics were used to describe patients and their clinical outcomes. Cox proportional hazard models were used for risk factor analysis. Adjusted hazard ratios were obtained for recurrence and death, adjusted for stage, primary treatment modality, residual disease and histology. Kaplan-Meier curves were drawn for probability of recurrence-free survival and overall survival. The log rank test was used to compare survival probabilities. The majority were stage III or stage IV (78%), serous histology (71%) and high grade (64%). Primary cytoreduction was done in 48% and interval cytoreduction in 52%. The median duration of follow up (survival) was 77 months (95% CI 72-82). There were 179 known recurrences (55.6 %). The estimated median time to recurrence was 22 (95% CI 14.5- 29.5) months. The independent risk factors for recurrence were neoadjuvant chemotherapy [HR 2.14, 95% CI 1.48-3.09], stage III/IV [HR 2.75; 95% CI 1.40-5.41], high grade serous histology [HR 1.69; 95% CI 1.12-2.54] and sub-optimal debulking [HR 3.15, 95% CI 2.19-4.55]. There were 78 known deaths (24.2 %) with a mean time to death of 24.3 (SD 16.1) months. The independent risk factors for death were sub-optimal debulking [HR 3.07; 95% CI 1.78-5.29] and stages III and IV cancer [HR 3.07; 95% CI 1.14-8.27]. Most ovarian cancers recur within 2 years. Risk factors for mortality are advanced stage and sub-optimal debulking. Maximal efforts at down staging and surgical resection will increase survival.

Complications of HIPEC for ovarian cancer surgery: evaluation over two time periods

ObjectiveCytoreductive surgery in conjunction with hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC) is being explored in the upfront, interval, and recurrent setting in patients with ovarian cancer. The objective of this systematic review...

Searching for prognostic markers for Stage I epithelial ovarian cancer: A role for systemic inflammatory markers.

To determine the prognostic role of systemic inflammatory markers for Stage I epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC). We performed a retrospective, single-center, observational study. We included patients with Stage I EOC cancer undergoing primary surgery between 1993 and 2016. Inflammatory markers were assessed by analyzing blood samples collected at initial diagnosis before EOC surgery. We evaluated these markers' association with disease-free survival (DFS) and cancer-specific survival (CSS). We included 176 women in our study. The neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), and systemic immune inflammation index (SII) were related to both DFS and CSS in the univariate analysis. In the multivariate Cox analysis, adjuvant chemotherapy (hazard ratio [HR] 0.17, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.04-0.71, P = 0.02) and SII ≥730 (HR 6.84, 95% CI 1.30-35.9, P = 0.023) were independent predictors of DFS, while FIGO Stage IB-IC (HR 7.91, 95% CI 1.04-59.8, P = 0.04), NLR ≥3 (HR 56.8, 95% CI 7.46-433, P < 0.001) and PLR ≥169 (HR 49.1 95% CI 11.1-217.8, P = 0.005) were independent predictors of CSS. Systemic inflammatory markers are easily obtainable from patients' routine blood analyses and may represent inexpensive and reproducible prognostic markers in early-stage EOC.

Impact of postoperative residual disease in patients with primary epithelial ovarian cancer in the era of maintenance therapies with targeted agents: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

e17555 Background: To investigate the impact of residual disease after cytoreductive surgery for epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) on survival outcomes in the era of targeted maintenance approaches, including bevacizumab and poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitor administration. Methods: We searched relevant literature from the MEDLINE, Embase, and Cochrane Library databases to identify randomized controlled trials and prospective clinical trials of primary EOC published between 1 January 2000 and 22 September 2022. To evaluate the impact of postoperative residual tumors on PFS and OS, we constructed a linear regression model for log-transformed median progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS). Patients with and without first-line maintenance therapy were examined. The protocol was registered in the PROSPERO (CRD42021265810). Results: In total, 97 trials with 41,799 patients were included: 2476 received PARP inhibitors, and 6920 received bevacizumab. The median rate of complete cytoreduction was 36.3% (range, 0–99.4%), regardless of the timing of surgery. Multivariable analysis of the linear regression model of all studies revealed that the median OS increased by 12.97% for every 10% increase in complete cytoreduction rates, independently of the use of systemic maintenance. In subgroup analysis of patients with maintenance therapies, the effect of complete tumor clearance was potentiated, with a median OS increased by 19.13% for every 10% increase in complete cytoreduction rates. The previously described significant effect of total macroscopic tumor clearance of PFS could not be retained when adjusting for maintenance treatment. Conclusions: Total macroscopic tumor clearance at the initial presentation of EOC significantly prolongs OS. Our results establish the importance of complete surgical cytoreduction in the era of novel targeted systemic agents.

Surgical efficacy and quality of wide resection of the pelvic peritoneum in patients with epithelial ovarian cancer

PurposeThe aim of the study was to evaluate the impact of adding an extensive pelvic peritoneal stripping procedure, termed “wide resection of the pelvic peritoneum,” (WRPP) to standard surgery for epithelial ovarian cancer on survival effectiveness and to investigate the role of ovarian cancer stem cells (CSCs) in the pelvic peritoneum. MethodsA total of 166 patients with ovarian cancer undergoing surgical treatment at Kumamoto University Hospital between 2002 and 2018 were retrospectively analyzed. Eligible patients were divided into three groups based on the surgical approach: standard surgery (SS) group (n = 36), WRPP group (standard surgery plus WRPP, n = 100), and rectosigmoidectomy (RS) group (standard surgery plus RS, n = 30). Survival outcomes were compared between the three groups. CD44 variant 6 (CD44v6) and EpCAM expression, as markers of ovarian CSCs, in peritoneal disseminated tumors were evaluated using immunofluorescence staining. ResultsWith respect to patients with stage IIIA–IVB ovarian cancer, there were significant differences in overall and progression-free survival between the WRPP and SS groups, as revealed by univariate (hazard ratio [HR], 0.35; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.17–0.69; P = 0.003 and HR, 0.54; 95% CI, 0.31–0.95; P = 0.032, respectively) and multivariate Cox proportional hazards models (HR, 0.35; 95% CI, 0.17–0.70; P = 0.003 and HR, 0.54; 95% CI, 0.31–0.95; P = 0.032, respectively). Further, no significant differences were observed in survival outcomes between the RS group and the SS or WRPP group. Regarding the safety of WRPP, no significant differences in major intraoperative and postoperative complications were found between the three groups. Immunofluorescence analysis revealed a high percentage of CD44v6/EpCAM double-positive ovarian cancer cells in peritoneal disseminated tumors. ConclusionThe present study demonstrates that WRPP significantly contributes to improved survival in patients with stage IIIA–IVB ovarian cancer. WRPP could result in eradicating ovarian CSCs and disrupting the CSC niche microenvironment in the pelvic peritoneum.

Association of Perioperative Use of Epidural Analgesia with Disease Free Survival in Epithelial Ovarian Cancer- A Retrospective Cohort Observational Study with Propensity Score Matched Analysis

Background: Recurrence is common after surgery for epithelial ovarian cancer and is multifactorial. Perioperative factors affecting stress and inflammation have an influence on immunity and thus cancer recurrence. The effect of peri-operative epidural anesthesia has been quoted to be beneficial by decreasing stress. A retrospective analysis of perioperative Epidural analgesia use (EA) was compared to general anesthesia (GA) without epidural, with disease free survival (DFS)as the outcome.&#x0D; Methods: We did a retrospective observational study of patients with epithelial ovarian malignancy who had undergone surgery between 2013 and 2017. Cohorts were primarily divided based on receipt of epidural analgesia. Perioperative patient, anesthetic, and tumor related data were collected. The aim was to estimate the association of epidural analgesia with disease free survival (DFS). To prevent bias due to skewed covariate distribution propensity score match was done matching all covariates.&#x0D; Results: We had 312 patients with age ranging from 18 to 77. The median DFS in months was 32.73±25.6 for the entire cohort while it was 54.81±28.69 for the GA group and 27.23±21.84 for EA group. After PSM median DFS was 35.33 for the full cohort and it was 46 and 34 months for the GA and EA groups, respectively. Multivariate Cox regression analysis demonstrated that only patients who were undergoing primary surgery had survival advantage (P&lt;0.013). Perioperative epidural analgesia was not associated with survival benefit (P=0.480).&#x0D; Conclusion: Perioperative use of epidural analgesia did not offer survival benefit in epithelial ovarian cancer as measured by disease free survival.

Lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio after primary surgery is an independent prognostic factor for patients with epithelial ovarian cancer: A propensity score matching analysis.

The aim of this study was to elucidate the prognostic value of preoperative lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio (LMR) after primary surgery in epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) patients using a propensity score matching (PSM) analysis. We retrospectively reviewed consecutive EOC patients who underwent primary surgery between January 2008 and December 2019. Patients were divided into two groups according to the optimal cutoff value of preoperative LMR. PSM (1:1) was conducted to eliminate confounding factors. A Cox proportional hazards model and the Kaplan-Meier estimator were employed to investigate the potential prognostic factors. A total of 368 EOC patients were included in this study. The optimal cutoff value of LMR was identified as 4.65. Low preoperative LMR was significantly correlated with low albumin, high CA125 level, more blood loss, a high likelihood of ascites, advanced FIGO stage, and poor differentiation (all p < 0.05). After matching, Kaplan-Meier curves showed that the group with LMR < 4.65 experienced significantly shorter OS (p = 0.015). Multivariate Cox analysis revealed that low LMR (HR = 1.49, p = 0.041), advanced FIGO stage (HR = 5.25, p < 0.001), and undefined residual disease (HR = 3.77, p = 0.002) were independent factors in predicting poor OS. A forest plot revealed that LMR had better prognostic value in younger EOC patients, patients with BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2 and albumin ≥ 35 g/L, CA125 ≥ 35 U/L, patients who had undergone optimal surgery, and those who had completed chemotherapy. Additionally, low-LMR patients who had undergone incomplete chemotherapy had a shorter median OS compared with those who completed chemotherapy treatment (48.5 vs. 105.9 months, p = 0.026). LMR could be used as an independent prognostic factor for EOC patients after primary surgery; a noticeable negative effect of LMR was observed among EOC patients with age < 65, good preoperative nutritional status, and more aggressive tumor biology, and among those who underwent optimal surgery. Completing adjuvant chemotherapy is essential to improve survival outcomes among EOC patients with LMR < 4.65 after surgery.

Splenectomy in epithelial ovarian cancer surgery

ObjectiveSplenectomy is performed in 4–32% of cytoreductive surgeries for ovarian cancer. The objective of our study was to assess splenectomy and evaluate its impact on overall and disease-free survival.MethodsWe conducted...

Laparoscopic selection for surgery in epithelial ovarian cancer. A short review

The role of laparoscopy as a treatment selection method in ovarian cancer patients is receiving growing attention in surgical practice in both early and advanced-stage disease. When the disease is confined to the ovary, intraoperative laparoscopic assessment of the tumour features is needed to select the best surgical approach in order to prevent intraoperative spillage of cancer cells which would negatively impact patient prognosis. The role of laparoscopy as a disease distribution assessment tool in cases of advanced-stage disease is now accepted by current guidelines as an effective treatment strategy selection. Indeed, a published and validated laparoscopic scoring system, based on laparoscopic assessed intra-abdominal disease dissemination features have been demonstrated to be a reliable predictor of optimal cytoreduction achievement. This subsequently reduces the exploratory laparotomy rate in both primary and interval debulking surgery setting. Furthermore, in cases of recurrent disease, the use of laparoscopy to predict whether complete tumour resection can be achieved is accepted by available guidelines. In this setting, the combination of laparoscopy and imaging techniques to manage platinum sensitive recurrent ovarian cancer cases showed a high accuracy in appropriately selected patients for secondary cytoreductive surgery. In this article we describe the role of laparoscopy in the treatment selection-process in ovarian cancer patients.

The Predictive Value of PCT and Other Infection Indicators in Postoperative Infection of Epithelial Ovarian Cancer.

To study the early predictive value of WBC, CRP and PCT on infectious complications after epithelial ovarian cancer surgery, draw ROC curves, and construct a nomogram prediction model. The clinical data of patients with epithelial ovarian cancer in Shengjing Hospital from August 2019 to August 2022 were included. The levels of WBC, CRP and PCT were statistically analyzed on the first, third and fifth days after surgery, and the ROC was plotted. Multivariate logistic regression analysis determined independent influencing factors, individualized nomogram model for predicting the occurrence of postoperative infectious complications was constructed, and the correction curve was used for verification. A total of 116 patients were enrolled. The postoperative test levels of WBC, CRP and PCT were compared between two groups, and the differences on POD3 and POD5 were statistically significant. The ROC area on POD5 was 0.739, 0.838 and 0.804, respectively, better than that on POD3. Among them, CRP has the greatest value; The predicted value of the combined test of WBC, CRP and PCT on POD5 was greater than that of a single index on POD5. The nomogram model on POD5 was constructed, and the ROC analysis showed that it had a good degree of differentiation. WBC, CRP and PCT can effectively predict the occurrence of postoperative infectious complications, among which CRP alone has the greatest diagnostic value on POD5, and the combined test value of the three indicators is higher than that of a single index. The nomogram model constructed by the combined indicators on POD5 can assess the risk individually.

A comparison of synoptic reports and dictated reports to enhance and standardize surgical documentation and quality of care in epithelial ovarian cancer

ObjectiveThe purpose of this study is to assess the degree to which synoptic reports (SRs) and dictated reports (DRs) document elements of the Ovarian Cancer Pan-Canadian Standards Data Elements (OCPCDE) checklist, and to compare their completeness. Analysis of dictated versus synoptic reporting has never been performed for suspected epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) based on literature review at the time of data collection (1–12). MethodsA retrospective chart review was performed including 254 charts of women 18 years or older, from 2012 to 2017, undergoing surgery for suspected EOC. Charts from five gynecologic oncologists, at a single tertiary care centre were used. The OCPCDE checklist was used to evaluate their completeness. Comparison of completeness between SRs and DRs was done using linear regression with a fixed effect of surgeon to account for intraclass correlation. ResultsThe data showed that SRs included 20.1% more data elements than DRs. Data elements that may be perceived as being more critical were more likely to be documented in SRs. Residual disease data was documented in 51.7% DR versus 99.1% of SR. Descriptive data upon entering the abdomen was more frequently documented in DRs. ConclusionThis study shows that synoptic reporting includes more data elements deemed important by the OCPCDE checklist authors for suspected epithelial ovarian cancer surgery in our centre. We would recommend continuation of SRs in our department, and implementation of synoptic reporting in other gynecologic oncology centres where surgery for suspected epithelial ovarian cancer is performed.

An overview of the current debate between using minimally invasive surgery versus laparotomy for interval cytoreductive surgery in epithelial ovarian cancer.

The standard of care for treatment of advanced-stage epithelial ovarian cancer is primarily surgery followed by platinum-based chemotherapy, with the operative goal to achieve complete gross resection. Cytoreductive surgeries for epithelial ovarian cancer historically were performed via open laparotomy; however, as minimally invasive techniques became more widely accepted within gynecologic oncology, interest in employing this approach in the setting of cytoreductive surgery for epithelial ovarian cancer has grown. The purpose of this review was to examine the current debate between the use of minimally invasive surgery versus laparotomy as an approach to interval cytoreductive surgery in advanced epithelial ovarian cancer. While numerous retrospective and feasibility studies have found comparable outcomes with respect to complete gross residual disease, progression-free survival, and overall survival between minimally invasive and laparotomy approaches to interval cytoreductive surgery for epithelial ovarian cancer, methodological challenges limit the utility of these data. Given potential risks of underestimating disease burden and failing to achieve complete resection using a minimally invasive approach, further rigorous studies are needed to evaluate the safety and efficacy of minimally invasive surgery in this setting and to better define the subset of patients who would receive the greatest benefit from a minimally invasive approach.

Science, Medicine, and the Anesthesiologist

Science, Medicine, and the Anesthesiologist

Perioperative Beta-Blocker Supply and Survival in Women With Epithelial Ovarian Cancer and a History of Cardiovascular Conditions.

Surgery for epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) may activate stress-inflammatory responses that stimulate tumor growth and increase metastatic growth. Animal and in vitro studies have shown that inhibition of the catecholamine-induced inflammatory response via beta-adrenergic receptor blockade has antitumor potential in EOC. However, observational studies have reported mixed results. We assessed whether beta-blocker (BB) use at the time of primary ovarian cancer surgery was associated with improved survival in a large population-based study. Using linked administrative data, a population-based cohort of 3,844 Australian women age 50 years or older with a history of cardiovascular conditions who underwent surgery for EOC was followed for survival outcomes. The average treatment effect of selective BB (SBB) and nonselective BB (NSBB) supply at the time of surgery on survival was estimated from a causal inference perspective using covariate-balanced inverse probability of treatment weights with flexible parametric survival models that allowed for time-varying survival effects. Around the time of surgery, 560 (14.5%) women were supplied a SBB and 67 (1.7%) were supplied a NSBB. At 2 years postsurgery, the survival proportion was 80% (95% CI, 68 to 88) for women dispensed NSBBs at surgery compared with 69% (95% CI, 67 to 70) for women not supplied NSBBs. The survival advantage appeared to extend to at least 8 years postsurgery. No association was observed for women dispensed a SBB around the time of surgery. Perioperative supply of NSBBs appeared to confer a survival advantage for women age over 50 years with a history of cardiovascular conditions. Long-term clinical trials are required to confirm these findings.

Postoperative paralytic ileus following debulking surgery in ovarian cancer patients.

AimThis study aims to evaluate the incidence of postoperative ileus (POI) following cytoreductive surgery in epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) patients and its impact on anastomotic leakage occurrence and postoperative complications.MethodsA total of 357 surgeries were performed on 346 ovarian cancer patients between 1/2010 and 12/2020 at our institution. The postoperative course regarding paralytic ileus, anastomotic leakage, and postoperative complications was analyzed by Fisher's exact test and through ordinal logistic regression.ResultsA total of 233 patients (65.3%) returned to normal gastrointestinal functions within 3 days after surgery. A total of 123 patients (34.5%) developed POI. There were 199 anastomoses in 165 patients and 24 leakages (12.1%). Postoperative antibiotics (p 0.001), stoma creation (p 0.0001), and early start of laxatives (p 0.0048) significantly decreased POI, while anastomoses in general (p 0.0465) and especially low anastomoses (p 0.0143) showed increased POI rates. Intraoperative positive fluid excess >5,000 cc was associated with a higher risk for POI (p 0.0063), anastomotic leakage (p 0.0254), and severe complications (p 0.0012).ConclusionPostoperative antibiotics, an early start with laxatives, and stoma creation were associated with reduced POI rates. Patients with anastomoses showed an increased risk for POI. Severe complications, anastomotic leakages, and POI were more common in the case of intraoperative fluid balance exceeding 5,000 cc.

Prolonged antibiotics after ovarian cancer debulking with intestinal surgery are not associated with improved infectious outcomes (302)

<b>Objectives:</b> While limited data support prolonged antibiotic therapy for infectious prophylaxis following intestinal surgery in epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC), the practice is often performed. The purpose of this study was to determine whether prolonged antibiotic therapy is associated with decreased incidence of postoperative incisional infections in patients with EOC undergoing cytoreductive surgery (CRS) with colorectal resection. <b>Methods:</b> An IRB-approved, retrospective single-institution cohort study was performed in women with EOC who underwent CRS with colorectal resection from 2008 to 2017. Superficial surgical site infections (SSI) and combined superficial and deep pelvic/intra-abdominal abscesses were assessed independently and defined according to the Centers for Disease Control (CDC). The impact of extended antibiotics (piperacillin/tazobactam x 72 hours) was assessed using univariate models. Cox regression was used to determine the impact of infectious outcomes on progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS). <b>Results:</b> Of 268 eligible patients, 161 (60.1%) patients received additional antibiotic therapy, and 107 (39.9%) patients received standard antibiotic therapy only. There was no difference seen in the age, race, preoperative ASA score, residual disease, or medical comorbid conditions between the groups. Stage of disease at the time of surgery, histopathologic diagnosis, type of chemotherapy given (neoadjuvant vs adjuvant) were not significantly different among patients who received additional antibiotics (p >0.05) compared to those who did not. Patients who underwent a transverse colectomy were less likely to receive additional antibiotics than other colorectal resections (p=0.032). There were no differences in the rate of superficial SSI or combined superficial-deep SSI or intra-abdominal infections between those who received standard versus prolonged antibiotics (p=0.35). Extended/prolonged antibiotics did not significantly alter PFS (HR: 1.06, p=0.68) or OS (HR: 1.12, p=0.49). <b>Conclusions:</b> In our retrospective study, additional antibiotics did not reduce incisional infectious morbidity in women with EOC undergoing CRS with colorectal resection. Specifically, the addition of extended antibiotics did not improve outcomes in SSI or superficial and deep abscesses. Given the recent association of antibiotic use with poor outcomes after platinum-based chemotherapy and immunotherapy, antibiotic stewardship should be encouraged. Further study of the potential benefit, or lack thereof, of prolonged antibiotics in gynecologic oncology is warranted.