Surface Of Glass Slide Research Articles

Engineering Thermoresponsive Poly(N-isopropylacrylamide)-Based Films with Enhanced Stability and Reusability for Efficient Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cell Culture and Harvesting.

Poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAM) offers a promising platform for non-invasive and gentle cell detachment. However, conventional PNIPAM-based substrates often suffer from limitations including limited stability and reduced reusability, which hinder their widespread adoption in biomedical applications. In this study, PNIPAM copolymer films were formed on the surfaces of glass slides or silicon wafers using a two-step film-forming method involving coating and grafting. Subsequently, a comprehensive analysis of the films' surface wettability, topography, and thickness was conducted using a variety of techniques, including contact angle analysis, atomic force microscopy (AFM), and ellipsometric measurements. Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMMSCs) were then seeded onto PNIPAM copolymer films prepared from different copolymer solution concentrations, ranging from 0.2 to 10 mg·mL-1, to select the optimal culture substrate that allowed for good cell growth at 37 °C and effective cell detachment through temperature reduction. Furthermore, the stability and reusability of the optimal copolymer films were assessed. Finally, AFM and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) were employed to examine the surface morphology and elemental composition of the copolymer films after two rounds of BMMSC adhesion and detachment. The findings revealed that the surface properties and overall characteristics of PNIPAM copolymer films varied significantly with the solution concentration. Based on the selection criteria, the copolymer films derived from 1 mg·mL-1 solution were identified as the optimal culture substrates for BMMSCs. After two rounds of cellular adhesion and detachment, some proteins remained on the film surfaces, acting as a foundation for subsequent cellular re-adhesion and growth, thereby implicitly corroborating the practicability and reusability of the copolymer films. This study not only introduces a stable and efficient platform for stem cell culture and harvesting but also represents a significant advance in the fabrication of smart materials tailored for biomedical applications.

Characterization of Two Novel Endolysins from Bacteriophage PEF1 and Evaluation of Their Combined Effects on the Control of Enterococcus faecalis Planktonic and Biofilm Cells.

Endolysin, a bacteriophage-derived lytic enzyme, has emerged as a promising alternative antimicrobial agent against rising multidrug-resistant bacterial infections. Two novel endolysins LysPEF1-1 and LysPEF1-2 derived from Enterococcus phage PEF1 were cloned and overexpressed in Escherichia coli to test their antimicrobial efficacy against multidrug-resistant E. faecalis strains and their biofilms. LysPEF1-1 comprises an enzymatically active domain and a cell-wall-binding domain originating from the NLPC-P60 and SH3 superfamilies, while LysPEF1-2 contains a putative peptidoglycan recognition domain that belongs to the PGRP superfamily. LysPEF1-1 was active against 89.86% (62/69) of Enterococcus spp. tested, displaying a wider antibacterial spectrum than phage PEF1. Moreover, two endolysins demonstrated lytic activity against additional gram-positive and gram-negative species pretreated with chloroform. LysPEF1-1 showed higher activity against multidrug-resistant E. faecalis strain E5 than LysPEF1-2. The combination of two endolysins effectively reduced planktonic cells of E5 in broth and was more efficient at inhibiting biofilm formation and removing biofilm cells of E. faecalis JCM 7783T than used individually. Especially at 4 °C, they reduced viable biofilm cells by 4.5 log after 2 h of treatment on glass slide surfaces. The results suggest that two novel endolysins could be alternative antimicrobial agents for controlling E. faecalis infections.

Boosting the UV photo-detecting properties of V2O5 thin films by doping In3+ doping

In recent years, optoelectronic technology has demanded the development of efficient photodetectors by layered semiconductor materials at affordable prices. Herein, we put the efforts to generate V2O5 thin films on the surface of glass slides with diverse insertion of In content (0, 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 wt%) via cost effective nebulizer spray pyrolysis technique and examined their application in U.V. photosensing. Standard characterization techniques are used for these films to identify the cause of In dopant on its morphological, structural, and opto-electrical properties. X-ray diffraction (XRD) plots confirm the development of single-phase orthorhombic structure grown along [010] direction, without the appearance of foreign phases. Further, the dopant ingredient (In) hikes the crystallinity and crystallite sizes (36–51 nm) up to a certain threshold level (2 wt%) and decreases it for further growing In doping. The Field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM) images display homogeneous nanorods morphology formation at all doping levels. Doping improved its photon absorption in the U.V. region, and the bandgap obtained from the absorbance spectra tuned to a lower value of 1.98 eV up to 2 wt%. All the created thin films emit intense emission bands at 475 nm and 640 nm. Characterization involving I-V measurements under 365 nm illumination at 5 V bias exhibiting commendable performance in terms of photodetector metrics (Responsivity (R) = 7.96 × 10−1 AW−1, Detectivity (D*)=3.63 × 1011 Jones and External quantum efficiency (EQE) = 186 %) for 2 % In doped V2O5. The same sample exhibits a fast-rising /falling time up to 0.6s /0.7 s, respectively. Our results may widen the field of applications in high-performance U.V. photodetector.

The Effect of Humic Substances on the Colony Growth and Conidial Germination of Entomopathogenic Fungi from the Genus Metarhizium

The development of sustainable agricultural production involves the use of new plant protection products, with low toxicity to non-target organisms and high biodegradability. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of commercially available preparations containing humic substances, in comparison with pure humic acids, on the growth and germination of spores of entomopathogenic fungi (EPFs) from the genus Metarhizium in vitro. AmiAGRA, HumiAGRA, AlgoHUM (recommended field dose) and pure humic acids extracted from peat, brown coal and spent mushroom substrate were added to Sabouraud’s culture substrate. Observation of the growth of the colonies of the tested species of EPFs was carried out every 5 days until day 20, measuring their diameter (mm). In the second stage of the experiment, the culture medium with the addition of preparations and pure humic acids was applied in a thin layer to the surface of glass slides and an aqueous solution with spores was introduced. Observation was carried out after 24 and 48 h, and the results obtained were expressed as percentages in relation to the control. The conducted research showed that on the 20th day of the culture (on average), preparations containing humic substances had a stimulating effect, while pure acids limited the growth of the colonies of the tested isolates slightly. The growth of M. anisopliae fungal colonies was most strongly stimulated by AlgoHUM, and M. flavoviride by HumiAGRA. The share of germinated spores after 48 h of contact with the substrate was higher than after 24 h, and more spores germinated on substrates with the addition of preparations containing humic substances than on pure humic acids.

Effect of proteins on biocementation in construction materials

This study examines the effect of proteins on the binding property and microstructure of enzymatic-induced calcium carbonate precipitation (EICP) in cementitious environment. The protein modified precipitates generally demonstrated improved binding to a glass slide surface or cement paste surface compared to the control precipitate. A marked decrease in the amount and binding strength of the precipitates in the cementitious environment was observed due to a reduction in the urease enzyme activity. The protein modified precipitates exhibited noticeable improvement compared to the control precipitate in cementitious environment which could arise from the ability of the proteins to partially shield urease from the negative effect of high pH. The protein gel network formation due to the complexation between the proteins and Ca2+ provides nucleation sites for CaCO3 crystallization. The FTIR, SEM, TGA, and XRD results indicated that vaterite is the dominant polymorph in cementitious environment compared to calcite in deionized water.

Effect of oxygen flow on electrical and optical properties of ITO films synthesized by magnetron sputtering method

The tin-doped indium oxide thin films were synthesized by DC magnetron sputtering on the surface of polished silicon samples and glass slides in a mixed argon-oxygen atmosphere. The other deposition parameters: operating pressure, magnetron power and substrate rotation speed were kept constant. Thickness and density of thin films were measured by X-ray Reflectometry. The effects of oxygen flow rate and substrate temperature on the optical and electrical properties were investigated. The electrical properties (resistivity, Hall mobility and charge concentration) of the thin films were measured by the Van der Pauw method using the Hall effect. The minimum value of resistivity 0.52 × 10-3 Ohm·cm, and maximum charge mobility 28 cm2V-1s-1 was achieved at an oxygen proportional gas mixture of 2.6% (0.71 sccm). The transmission spectra of the films were measured in the wavelength range from 300 to 1100 nm. The transmittance of all films exceeds 75% in the visible and near-infrared spectral ranges. It was found that increasing the oxygen flow rate and heating of the substrate up to optimal value 150°C led to an increase in the crystallinity of the films and, consequently, to an increase in the Hall mobility and the transmittance.

Highly Efficient and Effective Process Design for High-Pressure CO2 Photoreduction over Supported Catalysts

The photocatalytic reduction of CO2 into solar fuel is considered a promising approach to solving the energy crisis and mitigating the environmental pollution caused by anthropogenic CO2 emission. Some powder photocatalysts have been demonstrated as efficient, but their drifting properties, along with difficult separation (catalyst and product), make continuous mode reaction very challenging, particularly in the liquid phase. In order to make this process commercially viable and economically more efficient, we have developed a simple and scalable method for immobilizing TiO2 P25 over the surface of glass slides using an organic-based surfactant. Improved adhesion properties and the homogeneous dispersion of catalyst nanoparticles were achieved. A holder was designed with 3D printing technology in such a way that it can hold up to six slides that can be dipped simultaneously into the suspension or solution of desired materials for a uniform and homogeneous deposition. The resulting surfaces of the dip-coated materials (e.g., TiO2 P25) were further modified by adding metallic nanoparticles and thoroughly characterized via XRD, DRS UV–Vis, SEM, and SEM–EDX. Photocatalytic tests have been performed for two major applications, viz., hydrogen production via the photoreforming of glucose and the photoreduction of CO2 into different solar fuels. The latter tests were performed in a specially designed, high-pressure reactor with Ag/P25 supported catalysts, which exhibited about three times higher formic acid productivity (ca. 20 mol/kgcat h) compared to the dispersed catalyst, with enhanced stability and recoverability. It is to note that catalysts deposited on the glass slides can easily be recovered and the materials did not show any weight loss. To the best of our knowledge, the obtained formic acid productivity is highest among the published literature.

A DNA biosensors-based microfluidic platform for attomolar real-time detection of unamplified SARS-CoV-2 virus

The emergence of the coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) arose the need for rapid, accurate and massive virus detection methods to control the spread of infectious diseases. In this work, a device, deployable in non-medical environments, has been developed for the detection of non-amplified SARS-CoV-2 RNA. A SARS-CoV-2 specific probe was designed and covalently immobilized at the surface of glass slides to fabricate a DNA biosensor. The resulting system was integrated in a microfluidic platform, in which viral RNA was extracted from non-treated human saliva, before hybridizing at the surface of the sensor. The formed DNA/RNA duplex was detected in presence of SYBR Green I using an opto-electronic system, based on a high-power LED and a photo multiplier tube, which convert the emitted fluorescence into an electrical signal that can be processed in less than 10 min. The limit of detection of the resulting microfluidic platform reached six copies of viral RNA per microliter of sample (equal to 10 aM) and satisfied the safety margin. The absence of non-specific adsorption and the selectivity for SARS-CoV-2 RNA were established. In addition, the designed device could be applicable for the detection of a variety of viruses by simple modification of the immobilized probe.

Dual-functional amino-quinone coatings on cotton fabrics assembled with different molecular weight polyethyleneimine and dopamine

The bonding of textiles and surface coatings was often assisted by the use of chemical cross-linking agents. Inspired by mussel chemistry, we propose that the strategy of co-assembly of quinone compound (dopamine, DA) and amino compound (polyethyleneimine, PEI) to form amino-quinone network (AQN) coating can effectively solve the problem. In this work, the molecular weight of PEI was used to regulate the surface coating morphology and its properties on cotton fabrics.The results showed that the roughness (Ra) of AQN coatings formed on the surface of glass slides by DA and low, medium or high molecular weight PEI were 3.94, 24.1 or 71.4 nm, respectively. In addition, the antibacterial rates of AQN-coated cotton fabric against E. coli and S. aureus were above 98 %, and the ultraviolet protection factor (UPF) value was above 50. After several washes, the antibacterial and UPF values only decreased by about 1 %, which indicates that AQN coating gives cotton fabric good antibacterial and UV protection properties, as well as strong bonds with cotton fabric.This provides insight into the wide application of AQN coating technology in the field of textile modification.

Photocatalytic Inactivation of Viruses and Prions: Multilevel Approach with Other Disinfectants

Ag, Cu, Zn, Ti, and Au nanoparticles show enhanced photocatalytic properties. Efficient indoor disinfection strategies are imperative to manage the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic. Virucidal agents, such as ethanol, sodium hypochlorite, 222-nm UV light, and electrolyzed water inactivate SARS-CoV-2 in indoor environments. Tungsten trioxide (WO3) photocatalyst and visible light disinfect abiotic surfaces against SARS-CoV-2. The titanium dioxide (TiO2)/UV system inactivates SARS-CoV-2 in aerosols and on deliberately contaminated TiO2-coated glass slide surfaces in photocatalytic chambers, wherein 405-nm UV light treatment for 20 min sterilizes the environment and generates reactive oxygen species (ROS) that inactivate the virus by targeting S and envelope proteins and viral RNA. Mesoscopic calcium bicarbonate solution (CAC-717) inactivates pathogens, such as prions, influenza virus, SARS-CoV-2, and noroviruses, in fluids; it presumably acts similarly on human and animal skin. The molecular complexity of cementitious materials promotes the photocatalysis of microorganisms. In combination, the two methods can reduce the pathogen load in the environment. As photocatalysts and CAC-717 are potent disinfectants for prions, disinfectants against prionoids could be developed by combining photocatalysis, gas plasma methodology, and CAC-717 treatment, especially for surgical devices and instruments.

Lactobacillus spp. derived biosurfactants effect on expression of genes involved in Proteus mirabilis biofilm formation.

Nosocomial infections (NIs) have been defined as infections ocuurring shortly after hospitalization or discharging from the hospital. It is associated with increased morbidities and mortalities. Proteus mirabilis considered as the hospital-acquired pathogen. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of Lactobacillus acidophilus-derived biosurfactant on P. mirabilis biofilm formation and flhDC/rsmA expression level (P. mirabilis standard strain ATCC 7002 and urinary infection isolated P. mirabilis strains). One of the potential strategies for the prevention of nosocomial infections is the use of probiotics. L. acidophilus was selected as a probiotic strain to produce biosurfactants. A biosurfactant reduces the adhesion of strains to microtiter plate and glass slide surfaces due to the reduction of surface tension. By using Real time PCR quantitation method we showed that biosurfactant significantly reduced rsmA expression whereas increased flhDC expression in P. mirabilis isolates. Several properties of P. mirabilis cells (biofilm formation, adhesion, and gene expression) were changed after L. acidophilus- derived biosurfactant treatment. In this study we showed that biosurfacant treatment can pave the way for a possible control of biofilm development. Based on our findings, we suggest that the prepared biosurfactant may interfere with adhesion of P. mirabilis to catheters and other devices.

Fabrication of superhydrophilic self-cleaning SiO2–TiO2 coating and its photocatalytic performance

Generally, superhydrophilic self-cleaning coatings are prepared from semiconductors with photocatalytic properties. Organic pollutants attached to the coating surface can be degraded by its photocatalytic performance realizing a self-cleaning goal. Herein, SiO2–TiO2 composite particles were fabricated by the hydrolysis and precipitation of TiOSO4, and SiO2 microspheres were chosen as carriers, which are inexpensive and environmentally friendly. Then, superhydrophilic self-cleaning SiO2–TiO2 coatings were fabricated by spraying the composites on the surfaces of substrates. The morphology, structure and self-cleaning performance of the SiO2–TiO2 coating were characterized and tested. The results revealed that nano-TiO2 was loaded on the surfaces of SiO2 microspheres uniformly forming a hierarchical micro/nanostructure. The SiO2–TiO2 composite particles exhibited excellent photocatalytic degradation performance, and the degradation rate of methyl orange (10 ppm) was more than 98% under UV irradiation for 40 min. Furthermore, the coating prepared with the SiO2–TiO2 composite particles exhibited superhydrophilicity. A water droplet spreads completely on the coating surface in 0.35 s, and the contact angle reaches 0°. In addition, rhodamine B (RhB) and methylene blue (MB) on the coating surface can be degraded efficiently under sunlight irradiation. The SiO2–TiO2 composite particles can be sprayed directly on the surfaces of concrete, brick, wood, and glass slides. Therefore, the particles showed good adaptability to different substrates. The superhydrophilic property was due to the hydrophilicity of SiO2 and TiO2, the hierarchical micro/nanostructure of the SiO2–TiO2 composites, and the photoinduced superhydrophilicity of TiO2. The above experimental results show that the as-prepared superhydrophilic self-cleaning SiO2–TiO2 coating has a large application potential.

Development of scaffold-free micro-tissues to accelerate soft and hard tissue regeneration via delaying cellular senescence and regulating inflammation

Stem cell therapies are highly attractive due to their potential to repair the injured or diseased tissue and restore function. However, the most commonly used in clinical applications were digested cells (DCs), harvested using trypsin or dispase. And scaffold-based tissue engineering techniques are too complex to achieve clinical transformation. In this work, a novel approach to fabricate scaffold-free micro-tissues (MTs) with high homogeneity and quality on a large scale is reported. The MTs prepared in this way do not require scaffolds and could retain their cell-to-cell interactions and extracellular matrix (ECM). Firstly, temperature-sensitive polymer poly(N-isopropyl acrylamide) (PNIPAM) was adopted as a base coating for the surface of glass slides to facilitate the MTs detachment when the temperature changes from 37 °C to 4 °C. Then polydopamine (PD) was imprinted onto the substrates via microcontact printing (μCP) to fabricate micropatterned substrates. After that, negatively charged heparin was grafted onto the surface of PD patterns to create anti-adhesion networks. Given the rational design and all the components' virtues, we could prepare MTs on a large scale for soft and hard tissue repair with high performance. Compared to the enzyme-treated DCs, the MTs could accelerate soft and hard tissue regeneration via delaying cellular senescence and regulating inflammation.

Development of cost-effective fabrication process for on-site methamphetamine detection by adsorbable SERS substrate

In this study, the adsorbable SERS substrate was successfully fabricated on polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) with the nanometer-sized roughness existing in a micrometer-sized roughness (nano-in-micro rough) structure which was completely transferred from the laser engraving aluminum (Al) mold by a replication process. Then the silver nanoparticle (Ag NPs) was deposited by magnetron sputtering. The physical morphology of the obtained samples was characterized by a field emission scanning electron microscope (FE-SEM). The ability for direct adsorb trace detection of the methylene blue (MB) on the glass slide surface was investigated. From the results, the SERS signal of the prepared adsorbable SERS substrates was influenced by the topography of the nano-in-micro rough feature and Ag NPs. It was found that combined nano-in-micro rough and microgroove structures exhibit high sensitivity of MB (10−5 M). In addition, the optimum adsorbable SERS substrate was then applied in practical application by adsorbing the methamphetamine (MAP) residues on the glass slide surface with a limit of 10−2 M, which could be expected to be an on-site screening platform for drugs detection.

Localized Surface Plasmon Resonance Decorated with Carbon Quantum Dots and Triangular Ag Nanoparticles for Chlorophyll Detection

This paper demonstrates carbon quantum dots (CQDs) with triangular silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) as the sensing materials of localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) sensors for chlorophyll detection. The CQDs and AgNPs were prepared by a one-step hydrothermal process and a direct chemical reduction process, respectively. FTIR analysis shows that a CQD consists of NH2, OH, and COOH functional groups. The appearance of C=O and NH2 at 399.5 eV and 529.6 eV in XPS analysis indicates that functional groups are available for adsorption sites for chlorophyll interaction. A AgNP–CQD composite was coated on the glass slide surface using (3-aminopropyl) triethoxysilane (APTES) as a coupling agent and acted as the active sensing layer for chlorophyll detection. In LSPR sensing, the linear response detection for AgNP–CQD demonstrates R2 = 0.9581 and a sensitivity of 0.80 nm ppm−1, with a detection limit of 4.71 ppm ranging from 0.2 to 10.0 ppm. Meanwhile, a AgNP shows a linear response of R2 = 0.1541 and a sensitivity of 0.25 nm ppm−1, with the detection limit of 52.76 ppm upon exposure to chlorophyll. Based on these results, the AgNP–CQD composite shows a better linearity response and a higher sensitivity than bare AgNPs when exposed to chlorophyll, highlighting the potential of AgNP–CQD as a sensing material in this study.

Conducting Polymer-Based Electrochemical Aptasensor for the Detection of Adenosine

Emerging research in the area of conducting polymer-based electrochemical biosensors has revealed the need for the development of techniques that can enable easy functionalization with biorecognition molecules and enhance biosensor stability. In this work, an electrochemical biosensor for the detection of the small molecule adenosine was developed utilizing a conducting copolymer as a transducing agent. First, a method was developed to modify the surface of indium tin oxide-coated glass slides to enable robust copolymer deposition. A 3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene (EDOT) and 2H-thieno[3,4-b][1,4]dioxepin-3,3(4H)-diacetic acid (ProDOT–(COOH)2) copolymer was then electrochemically grown on the surface of the modified slides. This copolymer was used to covalently attach an aptamer specific to adenosine to the biosensing platform to provide the system with target selectivity. The electroactivity of the conducting polymer before and after aptamer attachment in aqueous electrolyte solutions was studied. The attachment of the aptamers to the conducting polymer was confirmed using fluorescence microscopy and cyclic voltammetry. The fabricated aptamer-based sensors were then used for the electrochemical detection of adenosine, and the performance of the sensor was investigated. The adenosine aptasensor had a limit of detection of 2.33 nM and a linear range from 9.6 nM to 600 μM. The adenosine aptasensor showed good selectivity against competing interfering agents and specificity relative to scrambled oligonucleotide stands. In addition, the sensor showed good stability for up to 6 days when stored in 0.1 M phosphate-buffered saline or argon.

ATRP-tethering Anti-fouling/Anti-fogging Hydrophilic thin Hydrogel Layers on the Surface of Glass Slides

ATRP-tethering Anti-fouling/Anti-fogging Hydrophilic thin Hydrogel Layers on the Surface of Glass Slides

Combined an acoustic pressure simulation of ultrasonic radiation and experimental studies to evaluate control efficacy of high-intensity ultrasound against Staphylococcus aureus biofilm

This study evaluated efficacy of high-intensity ultrasound (HIU) on controlling or stimulating Staphylococcus aureus biofilm. Acoustic pressure distribution on the surface of glass slide cultivated S. aureus biofilm was first simulated as a standardized parameter to reflect sono-effect. When the power of HIU was 240 W with acoustic pressure of −1.38×105 Pa, a reasonably high clearance rate of S. aureus biofilm was achieved (96.02%). As an all-or-nothing technique, the HIU did not cause sublethal or injury of S. aureus but inactivate the cell directly. A further evaluation of HIU-induced stimulation of biofilm was conducted at a low power level (i.e. 60 W with acoustic pressure of −6.91×104 Pa). The low-power-long-duration HIU treatment promoted the formation of S. aureus biofilm and enhanced its resistance as proved by transcriptional changes of genes in S. aureus, including up-regulations of rbf, sigB, lrgA, icaA, icaD, and down-regulation of icaR. These results indicate that the choose of input power is determined during the HIU-based cleaning and processing. Otherwise, the growth of S. aureus and biofilm formation are stimulated when treats by an insufficiently high power of HIU.

Dichromatic properties of a magnetic fluid thin layer

In the paper, we investigate spectral dependence of transmittance of a thin layer of a magnetic fluid with Fe2O3 nanoparticles and transformer oil ITO 100 as base fluid, as a function of its thickness. Thin layer samples of the magnetic fluid with various thicknesses were prepared using standard microscope glass slides and spacers with defined thicknesses ranging from 25 µm to 530 µm. The stable spatial localization of the thin layer was ensured due to the existence of a surface tension emerging at the interface between the magnetic fluid surface and surfaces of the microscope glass slides. The transmittance as a function of the layer thickness was investigated in visible (VIS) and near-infrared (NIR) spectral ranges and spectral dependence of the coefficient of absorption of the magnetic fluid was determined, too. At the same time, the change of color of the layers depending on their thicknesses was evidenced. The results show the transmittance dependence on the thin layer thickness can be used to design magnetic fluid-based passive optical attenuators and filters.

Fabrication of natural dye sensitized solar cell using tridax procumbens leaf and beetroot extract mixer as a sensitizer

Chlorophyll and betalain dye pigment extracted from tridax procumbens leaf and beetroot, which was used as a sensitizer for natural dye sensitized solar cell (NDSSC). Titanium dioxide (TiO2) powder was synthesized by co-precipitation method with cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) act as a surfactant. The prepared TiO2 sample was characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and UV–Vis absorption spectra to analysis the structural, morphological and optical properties studies were carried out. The as prepared TiO2 nanopowder was pasted on conducting surface of FTO glass slide by using doctor blade method and triton X-100 used as a binder. The optical properties of the natural dyes were also investigated and present work aqueous lugol’s iodine was used as electrolyte. The 1:1 ratio of Chlorophyll and betalain dye mixer was used as a sensitizer in NDSSC and shown solar cell efficiency about 0.11% was achieved under one sun solar simulator (1.5 AMG).