Surface Of Stainless Steel Mesh Research Articles

Ionic liquid-enhanced silica aerogels for the specific extraction and detection of aflatoxin B1 coupled with a smartphone-based colorimetric biosensor

The polymer ionic liquid (1-allyl-3-butylimidazolium bromide) enhanced silica aerogel was modified onto the surface of stainless-steel mesh to immobilize aptamer-1 for the specific recognition of AFB1. The porous channels of silica aerogel could prevent the interference of macromolecules in food samples. Enzyme kinetic analysis showed that the MoS2/Au was an effective peroxidase mimic with a relatively low Michaelis constant (Km) value of 0.17 mM and a high catalytic rate of 3.87 × 10−8 mol (L·s)−1, which exhibited obvious superiority compared with horseradish peroxidase. The established “sandwich-structure” biosensor was coupled with the smartphone “Color Picker” application was used to detect AFB1 with a wide linear range (1–100 ng mL−1) and low detection limit (0.25 ng mL−1). The anti-interference ability of the established biosensor was evaluated by adding different concentrations of standards in corn, peanut, and wheat and matrix effects were 90.84–106.11 %. The results showed that this method demonstrated high specificity, sensitivity, rapidity and low interference in food samples.

Cathodized Stainless Steel Mesh for Binder-Free NiFe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub>/NiFe Layer Double Hydroxides Oxygen Evolution Reaction Electrode

Oxygen evolution reaction (OER) is an essential reaction commonly applied in various energy storage and conversion technologies. One of the common issues of OER lies in its low kinetic activity. Therefore, developing durable, low-cost, and high-performance OER catalysts is critical. Recently, many attempts have used stainless steel mesh (SSM) as the substrate for OER electrodes because SSM is abundant, cheap, and durable. Nickel/iron-based materials, i.e., NiFe2O4/NiFe layer double hydroxides (LDHs), are regarded as one of the most excellent OER catalysts in alkaline electrolytes, making them attractive low-cost materials for OER catalysts. However, synthesizing NiFe2O4/NiFe LDHs directly on the surface of SSM is challenging. Modifying the SSM surface through cathodization has proved to enhance the adhesion and OER activity. Moreover, the cathodization technique is facile and cost-effective. In this work, the surface of SSM is modified by cathodization treatment. Subsequently, NiFe2O4/NiFe LDHs are deposited onto the surface of treated SSM via a low-temperature one-step chemical bath deposition technique. This synthesis is a binder-free method; the resulted electrodes show excellent OER performance without the binder effects. The as-prepared electrodes have a small Tafel slope of 125.4 mV/dec (1 M KOH) and high durability (10 mA/cm2 for 50 hours).

A rapid two-step process to prepare a high-throughput, efficient, reusable superhydrophobic–superoleophilic stainless steel mesh for oil/water separation

Currently, due to the industrial development, the direct discharge of large amounts of oil-containing wastewater has led to serious water pollution. It is necessary to develop an efficient, durable, and high-throughput material for oil–water separation. To achieve this, we prepared a nickel (Ni) coating with a loose leaf-like micro/nanostructure on the surface of stainless steel mesh (SSM), imparting it with superhydrophobic and superoleophilic properties. The deposition of ions onto the substrate was carefully controlled by adjusting the deposition parameters. Subsequently, the as-prepared Ni coating was further modified using a solution of perfluorooctyltriethoxysilane (PFOTS) in ethanol to obtain a PFOTS/Ni mesh (PNM) with excellent superhydrophobic–superoleophilic properties. Wettability tests revealed that the water contact angle (WCA) and oil contact angle (OCA) of the PNM, prepared under the optimized deposition conditions, were 161 ± 1° and 0°, respectively, with a water sliding angle (WSA) of less than 10°. Importantly, the PNM demonstrated remarkable mechanical stability in blade scratch and tape peel tests, as well as excellent chemical stability in acid-alkali resistance and electrochemical corrosion tests. And, the PNM exhibited remarkable self-cleaning capability. Additionally, PNMit filters displayed outstanding efficiency in separating oil and water (reaching 91.5%) and remarkable durability. The results indicate that the well-designed superhydrophobic–superoleophilic SSM exhibits advantages such as simple fabrication, low cost, high reusability, and strong robustness. It holds great potential for practical applications in the treatment of oily wastewater and oil spill remediation.

Ag2O@UiO-66 new thin film as p-n heterojunction: permanent photoreduction of hexavalent Cr.

The new nanosphere Ag2O@UiO-66 thin-film was synthesized on a stainless steel mesh surface via an electrophoretic deposition method, and is used as an effective and low-cost photocatalyst using visible light. The synthesized nanocomposite was used to perform photo-reduction of Cr(vi) ions under white light irradiation. The best removal rate (72% after 15 minutes) was obtained by the film with 0.034 grams of deposited composite having relative percentages of Ag2O : UiO-66 of 70 : 30. The interesting obtained results confirm that the p-n heterojunction of the composite is the main cause of the desired charge separation and the photoreduction speed increase. In the following, the resulting compounds were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR), transmittance electron microscopy (TEM), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), energy diffraction X-ray spectroscopy (EDAX) and the Brunauer, Emmett, and Teller (BET) method. Scavenging studies performed in the presence of familiar scavengers confirmed that superoxide radicals (˙O2-) and dissolved oxygen gas have a significant role in the photocatalytic reduction process.

Preparation of pH-responsive reversible wettable surfaces and application for oil-water separation

With the continuous development of society, the discharge of oily wastewater in daily life and industry has gradually increased, causing considerable damage to the environment, and how to effectively treat oily wastewater is an urgent problem. In this paper, a simple method is proposed to prepare superhydrophobic stainless steel mesh with pH response. The relationship between the ratio of mixed thiols and the surface wettability was explored, as well as the morphology, chemical composition, and pH-responsive mechanism of the stainless steel mesh surface were analyzed, and the separation efficiency, recycling ability, and backwashing ability of the mesh were explored by oil–water separation experiments. It was found that when the molar fraction of 11-mercaptoundecanoic acid and 1-decanethiol in the mixed mercaptan was 2:3, the water contact angle of the surface at this point was 156.5 ± 1°, with pH response characteristics and good oil–water separation efficiency, backwashing and recycling capabilities.

A strategy to develop hydrophobic stainless steel mesh through three-component coupling reaction with presence of sulfur

Metal meshes with controlled surface properties have shown great potential for oil–water separation. However, it is still challenging to prepare cost-effective meshes to satisfy the material requirements under a variety of harsh conditions. In this study, polydopamine was deposited on the surface of stainless steel mesh to provide amine groups as active sites, and a series of modification strategies were constructed through sulfur-based three-component coupling reactions between the amine-functionalized mesh and aliphatic amine, alkyne, isocyanide. The prepared metal meshes showed excellent hydrophobicity with water contact angle in the range of 131–142° and could be used to separate a series of oil–water mixtures with separation efficiency above 99 % and flux higher than 2.3 × 104 L/m2/h. In addition, the separation capabilities of the developed meshes remained stable after 10 cyclic operations. More significantly, the modified meshes could tolerate repeated and prolonged usage and demonstrated excellent stability under various chemical conditions. It was found that the sulfur-based three-component reaction was a versatile way to get functional surface for metal substrate.

Application of PVA/TA-Fe3+ submerged superoleophobic hydrogel coating in oil-water separation

Super hydrophilic and submerged super oleophobic materials with special surface wettability are considered ideal materials in the field of oil-water separation. In this paper, PVA/TA-Fe3+ coating solution with uniform fluidity was prepared by adjusting the ratio of water and ethanol in the solvent system, and PVA/TA-Fe3+ coating was formed on the surface of stainless steel mesh by simple green soaking and ethanol solvent volatilization process, and this coated SSM shows excellent oil resistance underwater with an underwater oil contact angle of >150 ̊, while it has good water flux (6.2 × 104 L/m2·h) and high separation efficiency (>97%). In addition, the PVA/TA-Fe3+ coated SSM has self-cleaning ability and recyclability and also has good stability in acid and alkali environments, which is one of the ideal materials to solve the oil-water separation problem.

P(MA-AMPS)/PVA@SiO2 hybrid hydrogel coated stainless steel mesh for effective separation of stabilized oil-in-water emulsions under gravity

The superhydrophilic/underwater superhydrophobic membrane offers unique advantages in effectively separating oily wastewater. However, the development of membrane materials that can efficiently separate emulsions only under gravity is still a challenge. A crosslinked network copolymer P(MA-AMPS) was synthesized by radical polymerization of N, n-methylenebisacrylamide (MBA), methacrylamide (MA) and 2-acrylamide-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid (AMPS) initiated by potassium persulfate. Then polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and nano-SiO2 were inserted to the crosslinked polymer system in order to prepare a P(MA-AMPS)/PVA@SiO2 hybrid hydrogel. The hybrid hydrogel can be sprayed on the surface of stainless steel mesh (SSM) by a simple spraying method, so as to achieve superhydrophilicity/underwater superoleophobicity. The oil-water emulsion permeation flux reached more than 352.94 L·m−2·h−1, while xhibiting a more than 99.5 % separation efficiency under gravity. The anti-fouling tests demonstrated that the membrane exhibited outstanding anti-fouling performance. Moreover, the combination of stable semi-interpenetrating networks and nanoparticles made the membrane exhibit excellent stability and durable separation ability in complex physicochemical environments.

Electrospun mesh pattern of polyvinyl alcohol/zirconium-based metal-organic framework nanocomposite as a sorbent for extraction of phthalate esters

Herein, an electrospun composite polyvinyl alcohol/zirconium-based metal-organic frameworks (PVA@UiO-66) nanofiber coating was prepared on the surface of stainless steel mesh (SSM) and then utilized as novel sorbent for the extraction of phthalate esters (PEs) in milk and water samples. Gas chromatography equipped with a flame ionization detector (GC–FID) was used for the quantitative determination of extracted analytes. The SSM coated with PVA@UiO-66 was used in a polypropylene syringe to fabricate the solid-phase extraction (SPE) device. The PVA@UiO-66 nanofiber coating was confirmed using X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy analysis (FT–IR), and field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM). The effective parameters of the extraction efficiency including volume and type of desorption solvent, sample volume, ionic strength, pH, extraction flow rate, and desorption flow rate were optimized. At the optimal extraction conditions, the calibration plots for phthalate esters were linear within the range of 0.05–100 ng mL−1 and, low detection limits (0.015–0.06 ng mL−1). Finally, this semi-automated SPE was used for the extraction and detection of phthalate esters (PEs) in milk and various environmental real water samples. The results showed good precision with acceptable and satisfactory extraction recovery values ranging from 89.5 to 99.2% and relative standard deviations (RSDs%) ranging from 4.5 to 6.9%.

Design and preparation of ZnS superhydrophobic coating with self-healing property and oil-water separation function on stainless steel mesh surface

In order to prepare stainless steel mesh (SSM) with special wettability, long service life and suitable for oil-water separation research, micro-nano rough structure was constructed on the surface of SSM by the synergistic method of electrodeposition and solvothermal method. Finally, ZnS superhydrophobic coating (ZnS@SSM) with special wettability was successfully prepared on the surface of SSM by low-energy modification method. The wettability, microstructure and composition of the sample surface were analyzed by contact angle meter, field emission scanning electron microscope, X-ray diffractometer and Fourier infrared spectrometer. The results showed that the surface of ZnS@SSM was superhydrophobic, and the water contact angle was as high as 158°. The oil-water separation efficiency and reusability of the sample were characterized by an oil-water separation device, and the oil-water separation efficiency was 97.8%. The self-healing performance of ZnS@SSM was experimented by oxygen plasma etching, and it exhibited excellent durability performance.

Preparation and Properties of Superhydrophobic ZnO Nanorod-based Nanocomposite on the Surface of Stainless Steel Mesh

Preparation and Properties of Superhydrophobic ZnO Nanorod-based Nanocomposite on the Surface of Stainless Steel Mesh

Customization of surface wettability of nano-SiO2 by coating Trimethoxy(vinyl)silane modifier for oil-water separation: Fabrication of metal-based functional superwetting nanomaterial, characterizations and performance evaluation

The wettability of nano-SiO2 surface was transformed from the inherent hydrophilicity to functional superhyderophobicity by coating Trimethoxy (vinyl)silane modifier, and the resultant surface showed contrasting wettability for water and oil (Superhydrophobic and Superoleophilic), which is a desired characteristic for the membranes used in oil-water separation. Initially Trimethoxy (vinyl)silane coated SiO2 nanoparticles (TMVS@SiO2) were synthesized by hydrolysis and poly-condensation reactions, and this nano dispersion was spray coated on the annealed stainless-steel mesh surface, whose resulting hierarchical surface texture brought about the desired wettability, with the water-surface-air (θWA) and oil-surface-air (θOA) interfacial contact angles of 150° and 0° respectively. In addition to the wettability studies (contact angles), FTIR, morphological, and elemental characterizations of the TMVS@SiO2 coated surfaces were carried out to understand the alterations that have taken place on the TMVS@SiO2 surface that in turn rendered superhydrophobicity and superoleophilicity to the surface. The FTIR absorption peaks indicate that after modifying SiO2 with TMVS, the –OH groups on SiO2 surface are clearly replaced by –CH3. The morphological studies indicated that modification of SiO2 leads to better cross-linking between coating composition and nanoparticles and EDS spectra and elemental mapping of the modified surface showed the presence of Si, O and C elements. Finally, this surface was tested for its efficiency and stability as a membrane in the process of separating oil and water from the oily water using gravity driven method. The oil-water separation efficiency was estimated to be 99% for this membrane and also it was found to be quite stable as the surface effectively retained this oil-water separation efficiency even after 10 cycles of separation process.

Stainless steel promoted the electrochemical oxidation of amines into imines

AbstractWe report the electrochemical oxidation of benzylamine (BA) into the imine by applying a bare stainless steel mesh (SSM) as an anode. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy‐dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy (EDX) elemental mapping analysis confirmed that there was no corrosion on the surface of SSM after an anodic electrolysis. Based on the gas chromatography (GC) analysis and electrochemical results, it was confirmed that conversion of BA with SSM was approximately 3.3 times higher than with Pt electrode. This work suggests that the anodic electrolysis with a bare SSM could be a promising route to electrochemical oxidation of BA in the absence of oxidizing agents.

Environmentally friendly preparation of robust superhydrophobic surfaces on stainless steel mesh

In this work, a robust surface with superhydrophobic properties was prepared on stainless steel mash by electrodeposition combined with low surface energy modification method. The wettability, phase composition, morphology and properties of the coating were characterized and tested using dynamic contact angle measuring instrument, X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and other techniques. The experimental results show that the synergistic effect of dense petal-like micro-nano rough structures and stearic acid modification on the surface of stainless steel mesh endow the mesh with good superhydrophobicity, so the contact angle is even up to 170.3°. In addition, it had good performances of self-cleaning, anti-friction and oil-water separation. Its water contact angle was above 150.0° even after 230 cm friction distance. Its oil-water separation efficiency did not significantly decrease after 10 times of repeated use.

High-efficient novel super-wetting HKUST-1 membrane for oil-water separation: Development, characterization and performance

In the current work, novel super-wetting HKUST-1 membrane was fabricated via seed-mediated growth method. These HKUST-1 crystal seeds were successfully sprouted on the polydopamine coated stainless steel mesh surface. The characterization results showed that the as-prepared membrane had an excellent superhydrophilic and underwater superoleophobic property because of the presence of polydopamine and HKUST-1 crystal seeds. Meanwhile, the membrane still maintained high separation flux and separation efficiency after high temperature treatment and immersion in different concentrations of acid-base salt solutions, which indicated that the HKUST-1 membrane has excellent thermal stability and chemical stability. The as-prepared membrane also showed remarkable anti-fouling performance and self-cleaning property to crude oil. Moreover, the as-prepared membrane achieved an excellent separation efficiency against four different oil-water mixtures just driven by gravity. The continuous separation tests and oil-water separation in different acid, alkali and salt environments indicated that the as-prepared membrane had an excellent oil-water separation performance for practical applications. The oil-water efficiency was over 99% and the pure water flux was up to 11.1 × 104 L m−2 h−1.

Novel in situ growing carbon nanocoils onto steel mesh as positive electrode and hexagonal-MoO3 micro-rod array onto carbon fabric as negative electrode for assembling dual-asymmetric supercapacitors with redox active gel eleectrolyte

Intrinsically functionalized carbon nanocoils (CNCs) are in-situ grown onto the microwire surface of stainless steel mesh (SS) in an alcohol flame. The CNCs are deposited without using any additional catalysts and the flame growth mechanism is proposed. Such a unique structure with functionalized CNCs directly growing onto SS micro-wires in the mesh current collector makes it an excellent binder-free CNC/SS electrode. It exhibits ultrahigh capacitance in a iron ion based redox active electrolyte, where an remarkable areal capacitance of 4160 mF/cm 2 at 20 mA/cm 2 can be achieved. Meanwhile, hexagonal MoO 3 microrods are grown vertically onto carbon fibers and their electrochemical behaviors in normal H 2 SO 4 electrolyte are investigated. Finally, novel dual-asymmetric supercapacitors (DASCs) with the configuration of CNC/H 2 SO 4 +PVA + Fe 2+/3+ //H 2 SO 4 +PVA/h-MoO 3 are assembled. The device exhibits an excellent areal capacitance of 1502 mF/cm 2 at 3 mA/cm 2 , and a remarkable ultrahigh energy density of 252.4 μW h/cm 2 at the power energy of 1.6 mW/cm 2 as well. The research is expected to promote the development of SCs with high energy density through the design and assembly of all their main components, including the direct growth of active materials onto current collectors and the appropriate utilizing the redox active gel electrolyte. • A facile method for growing carbon nanocoils on stainless steel mesh was developed. • The flame catalytic growth mechanism of CNCs on stainless steel mesh was proposed. • Arrays of vertical h-MoO 3 hexagonal micro-rods was grown onto carbon fabric. • Novel dual-asymmetric supercapacitor with redox active gel electrolyte was assembled. • Remarkable capacitance of 1.5F/cm 2 and energy density of 252.4 μWh/cm 2 was realized.

The performance of flow field channel in direct methanol fuel cell

A 3D computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model is developed to examine the impact of flow field design on the performance of direct methanol fuel cells (DMFCs). Effect of three various type flow fields is investigated in this study: single, double serpentine and honeycomb models. The distribution of velocity and temperature are simulated in 3D models. According to simulation studies, the honeycomb flow field has made uniform flow velocity distribution and minimum temperature change on plate surface. This could result better on DMFC performance. The experimental studies emphasize the performance of a single cell DMFC with different flow field channel designs as well as exhibit maximum power density and open circuit voltage. In subsequent study, electrodeposited Ni-Co alloy on stainless steel mesh surface is utilized to oxidize methanol and the electrode performance has been tested using cyclic voltammetry in alkaline conditions to replace expensive and sensitive platinum and platinum alloy catalysts

Stable and Dendrite‐Free Lithium Metal Anodes Enabled by Ionic/Electronic Li2S/Mo Interlayer

The wide applications of high‐capacity lithium metal anodes for lithium metal batteries are restricted by the uncontrollable lithium dendrite growth caused by the uneven lithium deposition and the infinite volume change of lithium anodes during the plating/stripping process. Herein, the composite ionic/electronic interlayer of Li2S/Mo is deposited on the surface of stainless steel mesh (SSM) by in situ electrochemical conversion reaction from MoS2 nanosheet arrays. The Li2S/Mo interlayer with high ionic conductivity can regulate uniform lithium‐ion flux and promote homogeneous lithium deposition without dendrite growth. The half cells with Li2S/Mo‐modified SSM current collector show stable cycling performance of more than 400 cycles at 1 and 1 mAh cm−2, with the average Coulombic efficiency higher than 96%. By coupling with LiFePO4 cathodes, the assembled full cells demonstrate improved cycling performance. This work provides a new idea for using metal sulfides as a lithiophilic interlayer to facilitate dendrite‐free lithium deposition.

Resistance welding of thermoplastics by carbon nanotube-grafted heating element

The surface of stainless-steel (SS) mesh was modified by growing carbon nanotubes (CNTs) from ethanol flame. The CNT-modified SS mesh was then used as a heating element for the resistance welding of glass-fibre-reinforced polyetherimide (GF/PEI) laminates to improve the interfacial bond strength of SS wire and PEI resin. Interfacial microstructure, the mechanical properties of the welded joint and the effects of CNT growth time (tg ) on the wettability of PEI resin solution to SS wire were investigated. The results indicate that the addition of CNTs increased wettability due to the capillary action of high-porosity CNT coating. The microstructure of the welded joints changed with tg , and the thickness of the welding implant layer decreased below tg = 10 min, and the maximum single lap shear strength (SLSS) value of the welded joint was 39.2 MPa when tg = 10 min. The strengthening mechanism of CNTs and the failure modes of the welded joints were also elucidated in detail by the interfacial shear strength (IFSS) between SS wire, PEI resin and the fractography analysis.

Underwater Superaerophobicity/Superaerophilicity and Unidirectional Bubble Passage Based on the Femtosecond Laser‐Structured Stainless Steel Mesh

AbstractTo control the behavior of underwater bubbles, stainless steel meshes are treated through femtosecond laser processing, and the bubble absorption, bubble interception, and unidirectional bubble passage are realized by using structured meshes. The surface of the mesh presents a micro–sub‐micro–nano trinary‐scale structure (microscale mesh wires, sub‐microripples, and nanoparticles) after one‐step laser ablation on both sides. The surface shows superhydrophilic in air and superaerophobic once immersed in water. After further modified with fluoroalkylsilane, the wettability of the sample surface is switched to be superaerophilic in water with bubble being absorbed by the sample. When a plenty of underwater bubbles arrive at the structured stainless steel mesh surface, they can be blocked by the underwater superaerophobic mesh but pass through the underwater superaerophilic mesh. In addition, after the mesh being treated only one side and further modified, it is to be Janus mesh and presents asymmetrical wettability of aerophilicity/superaerophilicity. The Janus mesh shows the unidirectional passage of underwater bubbles. Bubbles can only penetrate from aerophilic side to superaerophilic side, but be blocked from the other direction. The mesh is verified to be used to eliminate the stuck bubbles in the container.