Surface Modification Of Epoxy Resin Research Articles

Surface modification of epoxy resin by MnO2–H2SO4–H2O–Na4P2O7 for enhanced adhesion to electroless copper

The purpose of this study was to enhance the adhesion strength between the epoxy resin (EP) substrate and the electroless copper plating layer by utilizing a MnO2–H2SO4–H2O–Na4P2O7 system for surface modification. The effect of the volume ratio of VH2SO4:VH2O and the duration of surface modification on various surface characteristics and adhesion strength was examined. The results provide valuable insights into the relationship between these factors and their impact on the properties of the surface. Optimal results were achieved with a volume ratio of VH2SO4:VH2O at 3:1, a surface modification time of 20 min, Na4P2O7 content of 30 g L−1, and a modification temperature of 50 °C. Following the surface modification treatment, the EP substrate surface exhibited many deep micro-holes, significantly improving surface roughness. Due to the enhanced roughness on the surface and the application of suitable modifications, the contact angle on the EP substrate surface exhibited a significant decrease from 94.6° to 19.5°. This alteration caused the surface to transition from hydrophobic to hydrophilic. The adhesion strength between the EP substrate and the electroless copper plating layer was significantly increased to 0.74 kN m−1. This improvement was attributed to the combined effects of surface roughness and hydrophilicity of the substrate surface.

Surface modification of epoxy resin using He/CF4 atmospheric pressure plasma jet for flashover withstanding characteristics improvement in vacuum

For enhancing the surface electric withstanding strength of insulating materials, epoxy resin (EP) samples are treated by atmospheric pressure plasma jet (APPJ) with different time interval from 0 to 300s. Helium (He) and tetrafluoromethane (CF4) mixtures are used as working gases with the concentration of CF4 ranging 0%-5%, and when CF4 is ∼3%, the APPJ exhibits an optimal steady state. The flashover withstanding characteristics of modified EP in vacuum are greatly improved under appropriate APPJ treatment conditions. The surface properties of EP samples are evaluated by surface roughness, scanning electron microscope (SEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and water contact angle. It is considered that both physical and chemical effects lead to the enhancement of flashover strength. The physical effect is reflected in the increase of surface roughness, while the chemical effect is reflected in the graft of fluorine groups.

Surface modification of epoxy resin by amphiphilic fluoroorganosiloxane copolymers

An amphiphilic fluoroorganosiloxane copolymer designed for a surface modification of epoxy resin by fluorine-containing fragments has been synthesized. The copolymer contains anchor units with terminal amino groups forming chemical bonds with the epoxy matrix. The composition of the surface layers as a function of the content of the copolymer modifier has being studied by the XPS method. The presence of anchor units affects the degree of segregation and the concentration profile of the fluorocontaining groups in depth.

Surface modification of epoxy resin by polyether–polydimethylsiloxanes–polyether triblock copolymers

In order to reduce static friction coefficient (μs), polyether–polydimethylsiloxane–polyether triblock copolymers (PER–PDMS–PER) were incorporated into epoxy resins as surface modifiers. It was found that longer PDMS segments in PER–PDMS–PER and higher modifier contents led to lower μs of modified epoxy resins upon stainless steel. The μs of silicone rubber- and PTFE-side surfaces were evidently lower than that of stainless steel-side surface. ESCA investigations indicated that a longer PDMS block in modifier resulted in a flatter PDMS gradient at surface and the degree of PDMS accumulation on PTFE- and silicone rubber-side surfaces were much higher than that on stainless steel-side surface.

Surface Modification of Epoxy Resin with Silicone-containing Block Copolymers

Abstract In order to improve oil and water repellency, silicone-containing block copolymers, composed of methylmethacrylate (MMA), glycidylmethacrylate (GMA), and polydimethylsiloxanemethacrylate (SMA), were blended in an epoxy resin. It was expected that the low surface energy dimethylsiloxane segments would adsorb and orient at the exterior of the resin to make a thin surface phase and the glycidyl groups would mesh with the epoxy resin by primary bonding. The techniques of X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (ESCA), dynamic contact angle (DCA) and peel strength measurements of pressure sensitive adhesives were used to characterize the modified epoxy resin surface phases. The amount of Si2p obtained via angular dependent ESCA investigation in the near surface region of the modified resin increased with decreasing sampling depth. With an increase in modifier content, both the amount of Si2p and O1s also increased. Both advancing and receding contact angles for an aluminum plate coated with modified resin, m...

Surface modification of epoxy resin with fluorine‐containing methacrylic ester copolymers

AbstractTo improve oil and water repellency, fluorine‐containing block copolymers, which were composed of methyl methacrylate (MMA), glycidyl methacrylate (GMA), and 1H, 1H, 2H, 2H‐heptadecafluorodecyl acrylate (PFA), were blended with an epoxy resin. It was expected that a glycidyl group would mesh with the epoxy resin by primary bonding, and the low surface energy fluorocarbon segment would absorb and orient to the exterior to fluorinate the surface. X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy, contact angle, and peel strength of pressure‐sensitive adhesives for modified epoxy resin surface were determined. The amount of fluorine obtained via angular‐dependent ESCA investigation in the modified resin surfaces increased with the shallowing of the sampling depth. With increasing modifier content, the amount of fluorine in the modified resin surface layer increased, and the critical surface tension of modified resin surfaces and the peel strength of a silicone pressuresensitive adhesive affixed to the modified epoxy resin, decreased. A considerable amount of fluorine in the resin surface modified with GMA‐containing block copolymers remained after Soxhlet extraction, whereas in the surface modified with copolymer without GMA, more fluorine was extracted. It was extracted. It was shown that these copolymers were good surface modifiers to improve oil and water repellency. © 1993 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

Surface modification of epoxy resin with telechelic silicone

In order to improve oil and water repellency, amino-terminated poly(dimethylsiloxane)s were blended in an epoxy resin. It was hypothesized that the low surface energy poly(dimethylsiloxane) segment will absorb and orient to the exterior of the resin to make a thin surface film. Results from an ESCA investigation showed that both the amount of Si 2p and O 1s in the modified resin surface increased with an increase in the modifier content, and reached 0.5. Both advancing and receding contact angles for an aluminium plate coated with modified resin dipping into and out of water and dimethylphthalate increased by the addition of these modifiers. The peel strength of a pressure-sensitive adhesive affixed to the modified epoxy resin decreased dramatically.