Surface Hardening Of Stainless Steel Research Articles

Rapid Surface Hardening of Stainless Steel by Plasma Electrolytic Carburizing

Rapid Surface Hardening of Stainless Steel by Plasma Electrolytic Carburizing

Increase in surface hardness of stainless steel through graphene growth on stainless steel surface by chemical vapor deposition using waste vegetable oil as a carbon source

Stainless steel has been widely utilized due to it high resistance of corrosion, rust, and stain more than ordinary steel. However, a hardness of stainless-steel surface is not high resulting in engineering applications of stainless steel are limited. Graphene is an extremely hard material therefore the growth of graphene on stainless steel can increase the surface hardness of stainless steel. Vegetable oil consists of triglyceride which has abundant carbon in the constituent. Vegetable oil has been widely used for cooking. After the cooking, a huge amount of the waste vegetable oil is flushed down the drain resulting in water pollution. However, the waste vegetable oil still contains abundant carbon which can be used as a carbon source for graphene growth on stainless steel by chemical vapor deposition (CVD). In this study, the surface hardening of stainless steel through graphene growth on stainless steel by CVD using waste palm oil as a carbon source is demonstrated. The results show that the fourth-used palm oil can be utilized as a carbon source for the growth of graphene on stainless steel by CVD. Moreover, the graphene growth on stainless steel by CVD using the fourth-used palm oil can increase the surface hardness of stainless steel by 175%.

Surface Hardening of Stainless Steel by Coating Graphene Using Thermal Chemical Vapor Deposition

Stainless steel is widely used due to its high resistance to corrosion, rust and stains. However, the surface hardness of stainless steel is not high. This limits its engineering applications. Graphene is a material with a very high intrinsic strength. In order to broaden the range of applications of stainless steel, coating it with graphene is a good choice to enhance its surface hardness. In this report, we have improved the surface hardness of stainless steel by growing graphene on stainless steel surface using thermal chemical vapor deposition. The growth of graphene was also studied. The results show that the growth of graphene on stainless steel can harden the surface of stainless steel.

Surface hardening of stainless steel by runaway electrons preionized diffuse discharge in air atmosphere

In this paper we present microhardness measurements of stainless steel surface treated by diffuse discharge in air atmosphere. The cleaning from carbon in comparison to the initial sample was observed at a depth exceeding 20 nm. The oxygen concentration was also increased in comparison to that in the initial sample at a depth of up to about 50 nm. Comparative analysis shows that after treatment the microhardness of stainless steel surface increased in 2 times due to interaction of near-surface layers with product of plasma chemical reactions produced in diffuse discharge.

Low-Temperature Surface Hardening of Stainless Steel

Abstract Low-temperature surface hardening of stainless steel by means of gaseous processing provides a high degree of tailorability of the hard surface case without affecting corrosion resistance. This article covers the fundamental and technological aspects of the process and examines the effect of different LTSH treatments on 304 and 316 austenitic stainless steel.

Low temperature gaseous surface hardening of stainless steel

Abstract The present contribution gives an overview of some of the technological aspects of low temperature thermochemical treatment of stainless steel. Examples of low temperature gaseous nitriding, carburising and nitrocarburising of stainless steel are presented and discussed. In particular, the morphology, microstructure and characteristics of so-called expanded austenite “layers” on stainless steel are addressed.

Low-temperature gaseous surface hardening of stainless steel: the current status

Abstract The present review addresses the state of the art of low-temperature gaseous surface engineering of (austenitic) stainless steel and is largely based on the authors' own work in the last 10 years. The main purpose of low temperature gaseous surface engineering of stainless steel is to develop a hardened case at the surface, while maintaining the superior corrosion performance. This can be achieved by dissolving colossal amounts of nitrogen and/or carbon without forming nitrides and/or carbides, thus developing so-called expanded austenite. The present work gives an overview over results obtained on homogeneous expanded austenite and covers the crystallography for nitrogen- and carbon-stabilised expanded austenite, the solubility for nitrogen and carbon, the diffusion of these interstitials as well as the stability of expanded austenite with respect to nitride and carbide formation. Subsequently, the fundamental understanding acquired on homogeneous samples is applied to understand the morphology, composition, and residual stress distribution in functionally graded material, as obtained by nitriding, carburising or nitrocarburising of austenitic stainless steel. Thereafter, aspects of modelling the compositional changes occurring during nitriding are addressed. The overview summarises with an outlook towards future scientific challenges.

Surface Hardening of Stainless Steel

Surface Hardening of Stainless Steel

Surface hardening of stainless steels

"Surface hardening of stainless steels." International Heat Treatment and Surface Engineering, 2(1), p. 6