Supportive Measures Research Articles

Cell-penetrating peptide and cationic liposomes mediated siRNA delivery to arrest growth of chronic myeloid leukemia cells in vitro

Gene silencing through RNA interference (RNAi) is a promising therapeutic approach for a wide range of disorders, including cancer. Non-viral gene therapy, using specific siRNAs against BCR-ABL1, can be a supportive or alternative measure to traditional chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKIs) therapies, given the prevalence of clinical TKI resistance. The main challenge for such approaches remains the development of the effective delivery system for siRNA tailored to the specific disease model.The purpose of this study was to examine and compare the efficiency of endosomolytic cell penetrating peptide (CPP) EB1 and PEG2000-decorated cationic liposomes composed of polycationic lipid 1,26-bis(cholest-5-en-3-yloxycarbonylamino)-7,11,16,20-tetraazahexacosane tetrahydrochloride (2Х3) and helper lipid 1,2-dioleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine (DOPE) for anti-bcr-abl siRNA delivery into the K562 human CML cell line. We show that both EB1 and 2Х3-DOPE-DSPE-PEG2000 (0.62 % mol.) liposomes effectively deliver siRNA into K562 cells by endocytic mechanisms, and the use of liposomes leads to more effective inhibition of expression of the targeted gene (BCR-ABL1) and cancer cell proliferation. Taken together, these findings suggest that PEG-decorated cationic liposomes mediated siRNA delivery allows an effective antisense suppression of certain oncogenes, and represents a promising new class of therapies for CML.

Multi-factorial methodology for wind power plant repowering optimization: A Spanish case study

Due to the climate change, there have been changes in the rhythm of nature over the last decades. In addition, there has been an increasing social consciousness regarding decarbonization and emissions, promoting governments new policies and economic support measures for renewable integration. In this scenario, the participation of the onshore and offshore wind sectors play a crucial role, expecting that more than 6000 GW will be globally installed in 2050. In parallel, the useful life of other wind power plants is coming to their end. Therefore, some countries will face in the coming years the decision of repowering, decommissioning, installing new turbines, or a combination of them. In general, the areas with the greatest wind potential are already occupied by relatively old wind turbines. Subsequently, a complex group of factors influences on the most appropriate solution decision-making, involving climatic, technological, environmental, social or economic aspects. This paper proposes an optimized methodology based on multi-criteria decision-making to estimate the most appropriate solution for extending the useful-life of wind power plants. An initial group of 26 factors were identified, corresponding to seven categories: technical, geographic, socio-environmental, location, economic, political and climate. The methodology is divided into three stages: (i) data, (ii) alternatives, and (iii) optimization. It was assessed with a Spanish onshore wind power plant connected to the grid. From the initial data and factors, 11 alternatives were designed based on a selection of 10 most relevant factors. The results provide an optimal solution, combining both repowering and installation of new wind turbines. From the results, this methodology would allow reducing the LCOE of the new wind plants installed in the European Union by more than 50%.

Unveiling the psychological mechanisms of mutual help groups for addiction recovery: The role of social identity factors.

The effectiveness of mutual help groups (MHGs) in promoting addiction recovery has been widely acknowledged. However, the psychological mechanisms underlying the impact of MHGs remain somewhat uncertain. Drawing on a social identity perspective, this study investigated a sequential mediation model in which social support is posited as a driving factor that enhances abstinence maintenance through group identification, recovery identity, and self-efficacy. A sample of 820 smokers, participating in a 6-month collective smoking cessation programme which included access to an online help group, completed measures of social support, group identification, smoker/ex-smoker identity, and self-efficacy at the programme's outset. Smoking abstinence was assessed 6 and 9 months later. The findings supported the proposed model, indicating that social support was positively associated with MHG identification, which, in turn, was related to a stronger recovery identity. Subsequently, recovery identity was associated with increased self-efficacy, and indirectly, with smoking abstinence at both measurement times. Additional analyses testing alternative mediation models further supported the validity of the proposed model. These findings suggest that social identity factors play significant roles in accounting for the effectiveness of MHGs for addiction recovery.

Parent-child conflicts, and punishment of children during the three-week COVID-19 lockdown in Ghana

The study examined the factors contributing to children’s conflicts with their parents, the causes of parental punishment, and the underlying reasons for such punishment during the three-week lockdown enforced in Ghana during the COVID-19 pandemic. A cross-sectional mixed-methods approach was used to obtain data from a sample of 385 children aged 10–17 in the Ghanaian cities of Accra and Tema. Approximately 58% of the participants reported experiencing parental conflict during the three-week lockdown period. Also, parent-child conflicts were more prevalent among older children than younger children, as well as among female children than male children. According to the findings, parental punishment was administered to two out of every ten children for misbehaviour that occurred during the lockdown. The pandemic increased financial hardships, placing many parents under pressure, and driving them to subject their children to many forms of punishment at home. It is recommended that extensive family support and psychosocial measures be put in place in the case of a pandemic lockdown to prevent excessive punishment that can lead to the abuse of children. The Ministry of Gender, Children, and Social Protection (MoGCSP), which oversees child-related matters in the country must lead this.

Study on the Two-Step Construction Method of Super Large Cross-Section Tunnels Crossing Karst Cave Areas

To explore the solution of the two-step method applied in the rapid construction of super large cross-section tunnels passing through IV-and V-grade surrounding rock sections in karst cave areas, based on an engineering example of the Lianhuashan Tunnel, we use the numerical calculation method to analyze the stability of surrounding rock and the design parameters of the control measures for super large cross-section tunnels during the construction of the step method. The calculated results show that the working face of IV-grade surrounding rock can be stabilized by an advanced small pipe, and the stability of the supporting structure should be controlled mainly by IV-grade surrounding rock. In order to control the stability of the tunnel face, it is necessary to use an advanced large pipe shed in the surrounding V-grade rock. The reinforcement range of the advanced large pipe shed is 120° and the length is 20 m. This is the most economical design parameter of the advanced large pipe shed, ensuring the deformation control effect. For control of the stability of the supporting structure, under the condition that the working space is suitable for large machinery, the settlement of the arch of the supporting structure can be obviously reduced by shortening the step cycle footage and reducing the step length, and the peripheral convergence of the supporting structure can be obviously reduced by reducing the step height. After comprehensive analysis and considering the development of karst caves, the advanced support measures, design parameters, bench excavation design parameters, initial support measures, karst cave treatment measures, and bench construction process of IV- and V-grade surrounding rock is determined. The application verification shows that the research results have a good control effect on the stability of the surrounding rock and cave and are suitable for large-scale mechanical operations, which can significantly improve the excavation speed of the super large cross-section tunnel passing through the IV- and V-grade surrounding rock sections in the karst cave area.

ДЕМОГРАФИЧЕСКИЙ КРИЗИС В СОВРЕМЕННОЙ РОССИИ

The demographic situation in Russia requires close attention and analysis due to the relevance and significance of the socio–economic consequences. The article examines the problem of the demographic crisis in modern Russia. The current causes of the demographic crisis and the decline in the birth rate are considered. The socio–economic consequences of a decrease in the population and a decrease in the birth rate are revealed. The data on the dynamics of the population, fertility, and mortality in Russia are presented. The forecast of the birth rate in Russia is given, the dynamics of the total birth rate in the period from 1960 to 2023 is studied. The necessity and directions of developing additional measures aimed at overcoming the demographic crisis are substantiated. The goals, objectives, and directions of the national project "Demography" are presented. In addition, measures of state support for young families aimed at increasing the birth rate were considered.

Treatment outcomes of pediatrics acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and associated factors in the country’s tertiary referral hospital, Ethiopia

BackgroundPediatric Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML) is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in children with cancer in Africa and other developing continents. Systemic chemotherapy and effective supportive care have significantly contributed to increased survival rates of pediatric AML in developed countries reaching approximately 70%. There is a paucity of contextual data regarding overall and event-free survival outcomes in children with acute myeloid leukemia in developing countries and most centers in Africa provide palliative care. The objective of this study was to assess the overall survival, event-free survival, and associated factors in pediatric AML patients treated in Ethiopia.MethodsThis retrospective study was conducted on Pediatric AML patients treated at Tikur Anbessa Hospital between January 1, 2015, and May 30, 2022. The socio-demographic profile of patients, the clinical characteristics, the biochemical and morphological subtypes of AML were analyzed using SPSS version 25. The Kaplan–Meier survival curve was used to estimate the probabilities of overall and event-free survival. Statistical significance was set at p < 0.05.ResultsA total of 92 children with AML were included in this study. The median age at diagnosis was 7 years (interquartile range: 5–10 years) with a slight male predominance. The median duration of symptoms was one month. Neutropenic fever (56, 86.2%) was the most common complication during treatment. About 29.3% of the patients succumbed to early death. The corresponding 1-year and 3-year OS probabilities were 28.2% and 23% respectively. The median event-free survival time for all pediatric AML patients was one-month (95% CI: 0.77–1.23). The determinants of poorer survival outcomes were FAB subtype, type of protocol used, and signs of CNS involvement (p < 0.05).ConclusionThe survival rates of children from AML were low in the study setting. More than 25% of AML patients succumbed to early death, and febrile neutropenia was the most common complication. Effective supportive and therapeutic measures should be taken to manage febrile neutropenia and to prevent early death in AML patients.

#1563 Family feedback survey on quality of dialysis withdrawal and end-of-life care on hemodialysis patients in an ICU – a single-center study from India

Abstract Background and Aims End-of-life care in hemodialysis is emerging, with limited implementation in developing countries. There is a sparsity of data on dialysis withdrawal and the quality of end-of-life care in these regions. Developing countries differ in their cultural, social, and spiritual practice compared to the Western world and family plays a major role in decision-making. No survey has been done on family's perception of dialysis withdrawal and end-of-life care in our settings. So, we studied feedback from families regarding the quality of dialysis withdrawal and end-of-life care provided to maintenance hemodialysis (MHD) patients admitted to our intensive care unit (ICU). Method This study was conducted at Kasturba Medical College, Manipal, MAHE, Manipal, India between January 2020 to October 2022 involving the data from end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) patients on MHD admitted in the ICU, who had withdrawn from dialysis before death and received end-of-life care as per the hospital policy (Blue Maple) from Renal supportive and Palliative care team. The baseline data was collected for all patients and indications for withdrawal of dialysis and ICU treatment and end-of-life care provided were collected. The next of kin were interviewed by telephone by a single interviewer using a modified Quality of Death and Dying questionnaire. The data was analyzed using SPSS 20 Results Among 98 ESKD patients on maintenance hemodialysis who died in our ICU, 23 were referred to Palliative care, counselled, had withdrawal of dialysis at least 48 hours before death and received end-of-life care. Table 1 outlines baseline characteristics. The mean age was 57 ± 12.09 years, with a male predominance (82.6%). Common comorbidities included hypertension (100%), type 2 diabetes (69.5%), and ischemic heart disease (65.2%). The primary cause for ICU admission was infectious disease (47.8%). The majority of reasons for dialysis withdrawal and end-of-life care were worsening hemodynamic status (82.6%) and illness deterioration (69.5%). After consent and establishment of futility, dialysis withdrawal was done for all patients (100%), No CPR for 100%, withdrawal of inotropes in 50%, and withdrawal of ventilator was done in 80% of the patients. A successful telephonic interview/survey was conducted with 21 out of the 23 subjects, with the majority of next of kin being the spouse (47.6%) followed by children (33.3%) and siblings (14.3%). The questionnaire and response are given in Table 2. All expressed a need for palliative care involvement. 82% accepted the decision of dialysis withdrawal and end-of-life care put forth by the doctor's team without difficulty;74% of families were present with the patient in their final hours and were grateful for the same 20% had their spiritual leader to visit during the end-of-life event. None of the family members (100%) interviewed had a guilty feeling and all had a positive rating on the involvement of the palliative care team and the need to ease patients' distress and suffering during their final hours (100%). Unfortunately, none of the patients had prior discussions of advance care planning (ACP) with their doctors regarding end-of-life care before the specific event Conclusion Our study highlights that families agree with the withdrawal of artificial life support measures, such as MHD, CPR, withdrawal of inotropes, and/withdrawal of ventilator in ICU settings when these interventions are considered futile for end-of-life care in ESKD patients. It also emphasizes the need for ACP, and early integration of palliative care for discussions about dialysis withdrawal, and withholding futile interventions at end-of-life care in ESKD patients, especially in resource-constrained settings like ours, for high-quality end-of-life care. This will also lead to better end-of-life care outcomes and improved patient and family satisfaction with care.

Climate change challenges: Case of the Thai agriculture business sector

Climate change and its effects are accelerating, with climate related disasters piling up, season after season. This study explores the impact of climate change on Thailand’s agricultural business by examining the views and experiences of stakeholders in the sector. Through in-depth interviews and thematic analysis, the study reveals multifaceted challenges faced by the agricultural community. Participants highlight the disruptive effects of irregular rainfall patterns and rising temperatures on crop productivity and economic stability, exacerbating food shortages and livelihood insecurity. Additionally, the study underscores the critical issue of food security and the need for resilient agricultural practices. Furthermore, the inadequate integration of climate change education in the Thai education system and its implications for farmer adaptation are discussed. The study emphasizes the urgent need for comprehensive support measures and a holistic approach to address climate change impacts on Thailand’s agricultural sector, ensuring its sustainability and the well-being of farmers.

Основные подходы в информационном обеспечении проектов на получение государственной поддержки компаниями несырьевого сектора

The relevance of the chosen topic is justified by the need to research and develop measures aimed at reducing the negative impact of the unpredictable environment of the Russian economy in the face of overcoming economic sanctions. One of such measures of state support could be an information system for participants in foreign economic activity, taking into account the main approaches in information support of projects funded from the federal budget. The development of the system is based on marketing research of participants in foreign economic activity. As part of the development of measures of state support, market research includes expert assessment, methods of comparison and grouping, index method, and matrix algebra, i.e., it is based on methods of comprehensive analysis of economic activities. The tools under consideration allow forecasting practical results of project evaluation and analysis receiving state support. In conclusion, by integrating theoretical insights with practical methodologies, stakeholders can navigate complex economic environments and capitalize on emerging opportunities. Moving forward, continued research and innovation in information support systems will be essential for promoting sustainable development and resilience in the face of economic challenges.

Stability of Employment Relations upon Termination of Employment Contract at the Employer’s Initiative

This article assesses the stability of labor relations in modern conditions upon termination of an employment contract at the initiative of the employer. Four stages of events of the 21st century are identified, which directly determine the stability of labor relations in the event of termination of an employment contract with proactive employers in the Russian Federation, as well as in foreign countries. The author concludes that in order to maintain sustainable economic stability in the labor market, the state must take support measures not only for producers, but also for employers.

Differences in Perceived Stress During the COVID-19 Pandemic Among Military Dental Postgraduate Residents.

In military training settings, stress can improve focus and motivation fostering effective learning. However, high perceived stress can be debilitating resulting in poor learning and clinical errors. Multiple studies have focused on medical residency stress; but there has been minimal focus on dental residents and even less on the impact of the unique stressors from the COVID-19 pandemic. The objectives of this study were to determine the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on perceived stress of residents in a military dental residency training program and explore the association among perceived stress and anxiety, depression, sleep quality, and social support. Dental residents (N = 20) at the Naval Postgraduate Dental School participated in this study. Residents were assessed via self-report measures quarterly from March 2020 through June 2021. The assessment included measures of anxiety (GAD-7), depression (PHQ-9), perceived stress (PSS), fatigue (FSI), and social support (DUKE-SSQ). Before the pandemic shutdown, 60% of participants reported high perceived stress. These residents reported an initial decrease in symptoms of anxiety, depression, and fatigue compared to residents reporting low pre-pandemic perceived stress but returned to baseline levels post-shutdown. Additionally, the high stress participants reported lower social support. Based on pre-pandemic perceived stress, participants responded differently to the impact of the pandemic shutdown. The low baseline stress participants may have a more robust sense of grit and resilience. These findings suggest that postgraduate dental training programs should integrate coping skills training opportunities, especially for residents reporting high perceived stress before residency.

ASSESSING THE EFFECTIVENESS OF SUPPORT FOR SMALL AND MEDIUM-SIZED BUSINESSES

The article assesses the effectiveness of state support policies for small businesses in conditions of federal budget deficit in the Russian Federation. The subject of the study is a methodology to assess the effectiveness of supporting small and medium-sized businesses. The purpose of the study is to develop a system to evaluate the effectiveness of state support for SMEs. The objectives of the study: to analyze the approaches to assess the effectiveness in Russia at large and abroad, to assess the effectiveness of state support measures for SMEs in Russia and abroad, to propose their own options for assessing the effectiveness of support measures, to present the practical application of the proposed methods. Research methodology: methods of system analysis, generalization, systematization, methods of statistical, dynamic, structural and comparative analysis. Research results: the article develops a system to evaluate the effectiveness of state support for small businesses, which includes several main indicators for evaluating the effectiveness (survival rate of recipients of state support by year; dynamics of average income; dynamics of the average number of employed; dynamics of the average amount of taxes paid by SMEs), as well as an algorithm to conduct an assessment based on a comparison of selected indicators for a group of SMEs that received support with indicators of small and medium-sized enterprises that were not participants in the relevant government programs. Using the proposed assessment system based on the statistical data of the Federal Tax Service of the Russian Federation, an analysis of the effectiveness of state support measures for SMEs in general and in the context of individual forms of support in the period 2019- 2022 was carried out. Based on the significant deviation of the selected indicators of SME recipients of support from the average values in the whole SME sector (and/or in relation to SMEs that did not receive support), a conclusion is made about the high efficiency of state support for SMEs. It is also established that the impact of various forms of state support on the functioning of SMEs is different.

Distinction of Competencies in the Legal Regulation of Social Security in the Context of Federalization

The article considers interaction forms in the field of legal regulation of social security between state authorities: federal and regional. In social security law, as in a number of other branches of Russian law, the combination of various levels of legal regulation is essential for the implementation of the constitutional right of people to social security, while leading to a number of problems in rule-making and law enforcement. The right to social security guaranteed by the Constitution of the Russian Federation to categories of persons in need of it, providing them with material support measures provided for by laws of social risks in a timely manner and to the fullest extent possible, in conditions of federalism, can be implemented with the participation of state authorities at all levels of legal regulation, from the federal to the level of local self-government. It was concluded that the state authorities of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation have a wide range of powers, the use of which allows them to more effectively implement the right of people to social security.

Internet addiction and suicidal ideation in Chinese college students: The role of meaning in life and social support

Worldwide, internet addiction and suicidal ideation have become serious issues in public health. However, little is known about the underlying mechanisms in the relationship between internet addiction and suicidal ideation. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between internet addiction and suicidal ideation, and the role of meaning in life (MIL) and social support in this relationship. A total of 714 (female= 53.78%; mean age = 18.29 years, SD = 0.68 years) completed internet addiction, suicidal ideation, MIL, and social support measures. Results from PROCESS Model analysis showed higher internet addiction to be associated with a higher risk for suicidal ideation. This association was fully mediated by MIL so that internet addiction predicts suicidal ideation by reducing MIL. Social support moderated the effect of loss of MIL on suicidal ideation; namely, a lower sense of MIL was associated with higher suicidal ideation at low levels of social support, while high social support eliminated the effect of meaninglessness on suicidal ideation among college students. These findings imply a need for intervention in order to prevent suicidal ideation in college students in the digital era.

“We don’t abandon our own people”: public rhetoric of Russia’s governors during the full-scale invasion of Ukraine

ABSTRACT The 2022 invasion of Ukraine tests the resilience of the authoritarian regime in Russia. Most of the elites showed their commitment to the autocrat by publicly supporting the “special military operation”. However, the intensity of their support has varied across the ranks. By examining Russian governors, I propose that elites vary their communicative responses to the war strategically, depending on their personal considerations and the structural characteristics of their regions. I apply text-as-data methods to analyze gubernatorial posts on the social network VKontakte in 2022–2023. I find that governors up for election, outsiders, with weaker political standing, and from poorer regions communicate more support measures for combatants and their families, and humanitarian aid to the annexed territories, when discussing the war in Ukraine. Therefore, by co-opting war-affected groups and emphasizing performance legitimacy, governors minimize the threat of anti-regime mobilization without resorting to large-scale repression and contribute to authoritarian resilience.

A concept analysis of psychological trauma in labour and delivery nurses.

To facilitate an understanding of the risk for psychological trauma in labour and delivery nurses. Concept analysis. The Walker and Avant method of concept analysis was applied to 56 articles. The characteristics, antecedents, and consequences of psychological trauma in labour and delivery nurses were identified. Peer-reviewed articles in English from CINAHL, PubMed and Google Scholar were reviewed on July 2023. The characteristics of psychological trauma in labour and delivery nurses are overwhelming distress, intrusive symptoms, avoidance and numbing behaviours, hypervigilance or hyperarousal, emotional dysregulation, cognitive distortions, and interpersonal challenges. The antecedents are exposure to one or more of the following nurse-specific traumas: natural or person-made disasters, historical role limitations, second victim situations, secondary trauma, system-mediated or over-medicalized care, insufficient resources, or workplace incivility. The consequences are disruptions in mental health, diminished physical health, alterations in relationships, and variable work performance. Labour and delivery nurses experience unique causes of psychological trauma due to their practice environment and patient population. The consequences of labour and delivery nurses' psychological trauma extend beyond individual health and impact the quality of patient care and organizational capacity. Furthermore, research is needed to inform education, support and policy measures to mitigate harm effectively. WHAT PROBLEM DID THE STUDY ADDRESS?: Nurse-specific trauma theory has not been applied to the unique labour and delivery environment with a high incidence of patient trauma. WHAT WERE THE MAIN FINDINGS?: Multiple causes of trauma in the perinatal context have created a pervasive yet largely preventable issue. WHERE AND ON WHOM WILL THE RESEARCH HAVE AN IMPACT?: This research will impact labour and delivery nurses, their leadership, and their patients. No patient or public contribution.

Adaptation of Ukrainian Higher Education Students to the Wartime Stress Factor

The wartime stress factor is a significant challenge for mental health. Ukrainian higher education students have been studying under martial law for over two years. Therefore, investigating their adaptation to these conditions is crucial. Aim: To examine how Ukrainian higher education students adapt to the wartime stressor. Methods: Analysis of scientific literature, surveys, and statistical analysis. The three-wave study spanned from April 20, 2022, to December 19, 2023. It involved 1901 students from various regions of Ukraine. Results: No significant changes were found in students' experiences of psychological problems or harmful habits like smoking and alcohol consumption (p&gt;0.05) during the wartime stressor period. This may suggest that students are struggling to adapt to the war. However, the use of calming medications increased by 0.4% compared to the first stage of the study and by 6.3% compared to the second (p&lt;0.05). Gender and the number of stressful experiences emerged as factors influencing students' use of calming medications. Female students showed greater difficulty adapting to the wartime stressor compared to male students. Additionally, the more stressful experiences students reported, the more likely they were to use calming medications. While being in the center of hostilities can be highly traumatic, it did not significantly affect the use of calming medications. Similarly, the field of study did not show a significant influence (p&gt;0.05). Conclusions: The findings suggest that students have not yet adapted to the war. Developing and implementing psychological and pedagogical support measures for this youth group through physical activity interventions is a relevant area for further research.

Acute viral bronchiolitis in infants: A narrative literature review

Severe acute bronchiolitis is mostly caused by the respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) and is the main cause of hospitalization in children under one year old. Although it has a low mortality rate, it has a high morbidity rate, requiring early diagnosis through a detailed clinical history and physical examination. A narrative review of fourteen articles found in the PubMED/MEDLINE, SciELO and BVS electronic databases was therefore carried out, with the aim of reviewing the most up-to-date literature on the subject. Currently, the monoclonal antibody Palivizumab is the main agent used to prevent bronchiolitis and is available for patients at high risk of developing the serious disease. In addition, the Abryso vaccine was recently approved by the National Health Surveillance Agency (Anvisa) and will be administered to pregnant women in the last trimester of pregnancy, with the aim of preventing the disease in newborns. Finally, it was found that the appropriate management of acute viral bronchiolitis consists of supportive measures such as hydration, nutritional support and oxygenation when necessary, while the use of corticosteroids and bronchodilators has not been shown to reduce the length of hospital stay or the natural course of the disease.

Status assessment of a recently reintroduced eurasian lynx (Lynx lynx) population in the Palatinate Forest, South-West Germany

To reinforce Eurasian lynx populations in central Europe, 20 lynx from Slovakia and Switzerland were translocated to the Palatinate Forest between 2016 and 2020. Using a systematic camera trapping array consisting of 80 camera trapping sites in a 1,000 km² study area located in the centre of the approximately 1,800 km² Palatinate Forest, we aim to describe the status of the population in the final stages of the reintroduction project in winter and spring 2019/20 and 2020/21. We also use our data to provide a first estimate of population density of the newly established population. With an estimate of 0.52 independent individuals per 100 km², population density in the Palatinate Forest was still significantly lower than the densities of well-established reintroduced populations. The number of independent individuals detected in the study area decreased from 15 individuals in 2019/20 to 11 individuals in 2020/21, thus significantly below the number of lynx translocated. The low abundance in the Palatinate Forest can be explained by the dispersal of several individuals to the Vosges (France), which, together with the Palatinate Forest, form a continuous area of suitable lynx habitat of approximately 8,000 km². Our results may thus reflect the status of a young population that can expand over a potentially large area. Nevertheless, in light of the low population density, we strongly recommend a synchronized and harmonized transboundary monitoring program to keep track of the development of this important Franco-German lynx population. In case population density remains low, supportive measures need to be considered.