Supportive Group Therapy Research Articles

Cognitive-Behavioural Social Skills Training: Mediation of Treatment Outcomes in a Randomized Controlled Trial for Youth at Risk of Psychosis: L'entraînement aux compétences sociales cognitivo-comportementales : variables médiatrices des résultats thérapeutiques dans le cadre d'un essai clinique randomisé pour les jeunes présentant un risque de psychose.

Currently, there are no effective treatments for functional outcomes (i.e., role and social) and negative symptoms for youth at clinical high-risk (CHR) for psychosis. Investigations into possible mechanisms that may contribute to the improvement of functioning and negative symptoms are needed in CHR research to help inform psychosocial treatments. The present study examined whether functioning and negative symptoms were mediated by asocial beliefs, defeatist beliefs, self-efficacy, maladaptive schemas, anxiety, depression, social cognition, or attenuated psychotic symptoms (APS) in a large clinical trial. CHR participants (n = 203; 104 females; 99 males) were recruited as part of a three-site randomized control trial comparing group cognitive-behavioural social skills training (CBSST) versus a supportive therapy group. Mediation analyses were conducted to test the relationships between treatment group, mediators (asocial beliefs, defeatist beliefs, self-efficacy, maladaptive schemas, anxiety, depression, social cognition, and APS), and outcome (social and role functioning, and negative symptoms). The mediation analyses employed conditional process path analysis via ordinary least squares regression. At the end of treatment, but not 12-month follow-up, more severe APS were found to mediate the impact of treatment on negative symptoms, and social and role functioning. The greater the severity of APS, the less likely that CBSST would result in improvement in negative symptoms and social and role functioning. Many of the other variables showed significant associations with social (less for role) functioning and negative symptoms but did not mediate the effect of treatment on these outcomes at the end of treatment or 12-month follow-up. There were no significant mediators except for APS at the end of treatment. Since more severe APS may result in participants being unable to fully participate in therapy and thus limit their gains, clinical implications may include offering some individual therapy to prepare these young people to benefit from the group treatment.

Support Group dalam Menurunkan Tingkat Stres pada Caregiver Skizofrenia

One of the cases experienced by schizophrenia caregivers is stress. One intervention to reduce stress levels in schizophrenia caregivers is a support group. Support groups are carried out with peer groups who have relatively similar problems by sharing information about the problems experienced by schizophrenia caregivers. This research aims to reduce the level of stress felt by caregivers of schizophrenia, using a quasi-experiment and using 6 research subjects consisting of 5 female subjects and 1 male subject who have moderate to severe stress level scores. The data collection method was carried out using the Kingston Caregiver Stress Scale (KCSS) and analysis used the Repeated Measured Anova Test. The results of the support group intervention showed that caregivers experienced significant changes (p<0.05) in terms of reducing stress levels before and after providing support group therapy. This study has important implications for the implementation of support groups in reducing stress levels among caregivers of individuals with schizophrenia. It can be concluded that support groups are effective in lowering stress levels in schizophrenia caregivers.

Recreational Therapy Support Group Framework Insights from a Personal Cancer Journey

The need for social support groups that address the quality of life of individuals experiencing illness or disability are lacking (Lyons et al., 1995). At the same time, there has been a call for the development of recreational therapy support programs that has gone unanswered for over two decades (Austin, 2002). Further evidence of the need for a program framework in recreational therapy is evidenced by the growing body of literature calling for leisure-based support programs as an adjunct to traditional approaches (Dawson & Mowatt, 2022; Lock, 2010; Myers et al., 2011; Shannon & Bourque, 2005). Taken together, there is a strong need for the development and empirical testing of a recreational therapy based social support group framework to guide clinical practice. The following health narrative highlights the author’s personal journey with cancer and subsequent insights on social support, social comparisons in illness, spirituality, and post traumatic growth as vital components to social support programming.

Feasibility of online psychosocial interventions to promote mental health recovery and well-being.

Amid the increasing trend and huge impact of mental illness, psychosocial support (PSS) has been asserted to support individuals' recovery. Unfortunately, about 80% of affected people cannot access care as needed. Meanwhile, digital technology has a considerable role in closing service gaps. This convergent parallel mixed methods study examines existing mental health service utilization, users' needs for PSS, and feasibility of online PSS development. A cross-sectional interview survey was conducted using a semi-structured questionnaire at a super tertiary psychiatric hospital in Thailand from March to May 2023, with three groups of service users, having self-perceived conditions/diagnosis of schizophrenia (n = 100), mood disorders (n = 84), and others including alcohol and substance use, anxiety and personality disorders (n = 52). Four focus group discussions with three user groups (n = 16) and one multidisciplinary provider group (n = 7) were parallelly executed. Quantitative and qualitative data were convergently analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics, and thematic and content analysis. Critical shortcomings of PSS were indicated by 75.8% of user participants. Six common types of self-determined PSS were psychoeducational program, support group, skills training, counseling, supported employment, and complimentary therapy. While psychoeducational program was feasible, support group, and counseling were possibly featured within the 'all-at-once' online intervention development. PSS development based on users' needs can promote clinical and personal recovery outcomes, and close the service gaps. Users with mood disorders have the potential for online interventions. Peer-provider formalization, co-production approach, community engagement, digital literacy, infrastructures, and equal access factors are crucial for sustainable development.

INTRAVENOUS IMMUNOGLOBULINS LEAD TO FUNCTIONAL VASCULAR AMELIORATION IN LONG-COVID

Objective: The Long-COVID syndrome constitutes a major physical and psychological challenge for many patients after the recovery from COVID-19. We have previously shown positive effects of intravenous immunoglobulins (IVIG) on multiple symptoms. The effect of this therapeutical approach on vascular function and different levels of disease burden remains elusive. Design and method: We performed a prospective study, enrolling 21 patients with diagnosed Long-COVID, who received 3 monthly courses of IVIG (0.5 g/kg Privigen, CSL Behring, Austria) alongside supportive therapy (group 1). The control group (group 2; n=29) was addressed by supportive therapy, only. The study population was homogeneous for age, comorbidities and time since SARS-CoV-2 infection. We assessed vascular endothelial function by flow mediated dilation (FMD). Long-COVID associated fatigue intensity, related disability and quality of life were assessed by Short Form Health Survey-36, Chalder and Bell scale. Neuropsychological assessments utilized the German version of the ’Consortium to Establish a Registry for Alzheimer's Disease Neuropsychological Assessment Battery’ (CERAD-Plus). Results: The median FMD at baseline in group 1 was 5.0% (interquartile range [IQR] 4.2-6.1%). We saw a substantial amelioration (+27%) of FMD after IVIG, reaching a median of 6.6% (IQR 4.5-9.4%; p=0.039). Baseline FMD in the comparison group was 5.2% (IQR 3.5-7.6%), supportive treatment resulting in unsignificant increase (FMD 6.1% [IQR 4.6-7.7%; p=0.177). Baseline CERAD-Plus scores were comparable between groups (p=0.280). Only treatment with IVIG resulted in a relevant amelioration of neurocognition (p=0.05; group 2 p=0.430). Furthermore, less Fatigue (Chalder Fatigue scale bimodal and Likert p=0.002, each) and disability was seen after 3 months of IVIG (Bell Score, p=0.008), supportive treatment did not ameliorate this burden (Chalder Fatigue Scale bimodal p=0.086 and Likert p=0.952; Bell Score p=0.121). Health related quality of life (SF-36) increased for both groups (group 1 p=0.003, group 2 p=0.017). Conclusions: Using a broad test battery, addressing neuropsychological function, fatigue, related disability and health related quality of life as well as vascular function, we were able to confirm the potential beneficial effect of IVIG in Long-COVID. IVIG might be a candidate approach in this context, that requires further evaluation in randomized controlled trials.

Inflammatory markers changes following acceptance-based behavioral psychotherapy in generalized anxiety disorder patients: Evidence from a randomized controlled trial

IntroductionGeneralized anxiety disorder (GAD) has been associated with elevated levels of C-reactive protein (CRP) and proinflammatory cytokines. Despite robust evidence as an effective treatment for GAD, research on the effects of cognitive-behavioral therapies (CBT) in the inflammatory profile of patients with clinical anxiety has presented mixed results. ObjectiveThe present study aimed to investigate the effect of an acceptance-based behavior therapy (ABBT) on inflammatory biomarkers and their association with anxiety levels in GAD patients in comparison to supportive therapy as an active control. MethodsPeripheral inflammatory biomarkers (CRP, IL-1β, IL-4, IL-6, IL-10, TNF-α) were measured in 77 GAD patients who participated in a 14-week 10-session randomized clinical trial of group ABBT (experimental, n = 37) or supportive group therapy (ST: active control group, n = 40). ResultsThe concentrations of IL-1β decreased in the control group and the concentrations of IL-6 increased in the experimental group from baseline to post-treatment, whereas no difference was identified in IL-4, IL-10, TNF, or CRP. Although anxiety and depression levels decreased in both treatment conditions, no correlation with inflammation markers was found for most clinical and biological variables. A negative correlation between changes in IL-6 and IL-10 and anxiety symptom score changes was identified. ConclusionsThe present study results found that a short trial of acceptance-based behavior therapy did not change the proinflammatory profile which may be associated with GAD. Additional research is needed to evaluate the influence of other inflammation-related variables, longer periods of follow-up as well as the effect of supportive therapy on peripheral inflammatory biomarkers in GAD patients.

Exploring treatment specifics of addictive disorder in a young adult living in a post-war middle income country with rapid social and cultural transition: a qualitative case report

IntroductionAddictive disorder, characterized by the tendency to abuse an illicit substance or manifest a repeated risky behavior, is a fairly common phenomenon occurring in the last 50 years, predominantly in middle and high income countries. While psychotherapy has an evident positive impact in the treatment of the disorder, data has shown that it is often not sufficient to achieve full remission and have optimal positive impact in the quality of life compared to simultaneous use of psychotherapy, pharmacotherapy and psychosocial rehabilitation.ObjectivesThe aim of the study is to highlight different specifics of the inpatient treatment of “Mr. E”, living in a post-war middle-income country with rapid social and cultural transition.MethodsSubject of this case study is “Mr. E” a 17 year old student with a history of family trauma with a long history of abuse and ambulatory psychiatric treatment. Data has been analyzed from the medical history of the patient treated in 2023, in the substance abuse unit of the Department of Psychiatry, University Clinical Center of Kosova. Semi structured interviews, daily abstinence symptoms evaluation and self - report measures were used to gather qualitative data throughout the treatment process. Treatment protocol consisted on: detoxification, pharmacotherapy and simultaneous supportive individual and group psychotherapy, with the goal to evaluate, treat and reintegrate “Mr. E” into the society free of illicit substance abuse. Comorbidities are correlated with underlying causes, while a healthy lifestyles are promoted through the work on behavior changes that will support optimal social reintegration in a rapid changing social and cultural environment.ResultsThe findings revealed several significant therapeutic objectives such as: Enhanced self – awareness; Reduced ruminations and increased self-control; Enhanced quality of life; and Decreased substance abuse. Detoxification protocol in the treatment of addictive disorder in inpatient psychiatric treatment was essential for abstinence symptom management during crisis. Strengthening the body parallel to healing the mind was found as an important stepping stone.ConclusionsCombined, detoxification, psychopharmacological, and psychotherapeutic approach was essential for successful treatment of a young adult in a post-war middle income country with rapid social and cultural transition.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared

Survival and Prognosis of Patients with Acute Myeloid Leukemia with Myelodysplasia-Related Changes Transformed from Myelodysplastic Syndrome

To explore the risk factors affecting the survival and efficacy of patients with acute myeloid leukemia with myelodysplasia-related changes (AML-MRC) transformed from myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS). The clinical data of 60 patients with AML-MRC transformed from MDS who hospitalized in The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University from January 2010 to December 2021 were retrospectively analyzed. The demographic data and laboratory parameters, cytogenetic karyotypes, target genes of AML detected by next generation sequence, risk stratification, treatment regimen, therapeutic efficacy and survival outcome were documented. Rank sum test and Chi-square test or Fisher exact test were used to compare the survival and efficacy. The effects of clinical parameters, risk stratification and treatment regimens on the survival and efficacy of the AML-MRC patients were analyzed by univariate and multivariate analysis. The median overall survival (OS) of the AML-MRC patients was 4.5 months, the 1-year OS rate was 28.3%, and the complete remission (CR) rate after treatment was 33.3%. The univariate analysis showed that age≥60 years, leukocytosis, severe thrombocytopenia, poor-risk group and only accepted hypomethylating agents(HMAs) or supportive therapy were the risk factors affecting OS. COX multivariate analysis showed that thrombocytopenia ( HR=4.46), HMAs therapy (compared to transplantation, HR=10.47), supportive therapy (compared to transplantation, HR=25.80) and poor-risk group (compared to medium-risk group, HR=13.86) were independent hazard factors for median OS of patients with AML-MRC. The univariate analysis showed that the risk factors affecting 1-year OS in patients with AML-MRC were age≥60 years, thrombocytopenia, time of transformation from MDS to AML (TTA)≥3 months, fibrinogen-albumin ratio index (FARI)≥0.07, CONUT score≥5, poor-risk group and supportive therapy. Binary logistic regression analysis showed that the independent risk factors for 1-year OS in AML-MRC patients were age≥60 years ( HR=11.23), thrombocytopenia ( HR=8.71), FARI≥0.07 ( HR=5.19) and poor-risk group ( HR=14.00). The risk factors affecting CR of AML-MRC patients in univariate analysis were age≥60 years, thrombocytopenia, FARI≥0.1, CONUT score≥5, poor-risk group and supportive therapy, while binary logistic regression analysis showed that age≥60 years( HR=7.35), CONUT score≥5 ( HR=9.60), thrombocytopenia ( HR=12.05) and poor-risk group ( HR=32.5) were independent risk factors affecting CR of the patients. The OS of AML-MRC patients is poor, old age(≥60 years old), supportive therapy, HMA therapy, poor-risk, thrombocytopenia, FARI≥0.07 and CONUT score≥5 may be associated with poor prognosis.

Strengthening Neuroplasticity in Substance Use Recovery Through Lifestyle Intervention.

The incidence of substance use and behavioral addictions continues to increase throughout the world. The Global Burden of Disease Study shows a growing impact in disability-adjusted life years due to substance use. Substance use impacts families, communities, health care, and legal systems; yet, the vast majority of individuals with substance use disorders do not seek treatment. Within the United States, new legislation has attempted to increase the availability of buprenorphine, but the impact of substance use continues. Although medications and group support therapy have been the mainstay of treatment for substance use, lifestyle medicine offers a valuable adjunct therapy that may help strengthen substance use recovery through healthy neuroplastic changes.

Treatment patterns and survival outcomes in patients with non-metastatic early-onset pancreatic cancer.

The incidence of patients with early-onset pancreatic cancer (EOPC; age ≤ 50 years at diagnosis) is on the rise, placing a heavy burden on individuals, families, and society. The role of combination therapy including surgery, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy in non-metastatic EOPC is not well-defined. To investigate the treatment patterns and survival outcomes in patients with non-metastatic EOPC. A total of 277 patients with non-metastatic EOPC who were treated at our institution between 2017 and 2021 were investigated retrospectively. Overall survival (OS), disease-free survival, and progression-free survival were estimated using the Kaplan-Meier method. Univariate and multivariate analyses with the Cox proportional hazards model were used to identify prognostic factors. With a median follow-up time of 34.6 months, the 1-year, 2-year, and 3-year OS rates for the entire cohort were 84.3%, 51.5%, and 27.6%, respectively. The median OS of patients with localized disease who received surgery alone and adjuvant therapy (AT) were 21.2 months and 28.8 months, respectively (P = 0.007). The median OS of patients with locally advanced disease who received radiotherapy-based combination therapy (RCT), surgery after neoadjuvant therapy (NAT), and chemotherapy were 28.5 months, 25.6 months, and 14.0 months, respectively (P = 0.002). The median OS after regional recurrence were 16.0 months, 13.4 months, and 8.9 months in the RCT, chemotherapy, and supportive therapy groups, respectively (P = 0.035). Multivariate analysis demonstrated that carbohydrate antigen 19-9 level, pathological grade, T-stage, N-stage, and resection were independent prognostic factors for non-metastatic EOPC. AT improves postoperative survival in localized patients. Surgery after NAT and RCT are the preferred therapeutic options for patients with locally advanced EOPC.

Induced erotomania by online romance fraud - a novel form of de Clérambault’s syndrome

BackgroundAlthough the impact of internet usage on mental health is extensively documented, there is a notable scarcity of reports in the literature concerning internet-induced erotomania. Erotomania is a rare and likely underdiagnosed delusional disorder. It is characterized by an irrational belief held by the affected persons that someone of higher socioeconomic status harbor romantic feelings toward them. Here, we describe the psychopathology of erotomanic delusion induced by online romantic fraud in a female patient. Employing this case as a focal point, we illuminate novel aspects of erotomania that warrant attention and examination.Case presentationWe present a compelling case involving a 70-year-old married Caucasian woman diagnosed with medically controlled persistent depressive disorder for several years. The intricacies of her condition became evident as she became deeply engrossed in online profiles featuring the image of a renowned musician, inadvertently falling victim to an online romantic fraud. Subsequently, this distressing experience triggered the emergence of erotomanic delusions and a suicide attempt. The patient's history reveals an array of medical conditions and stressful life events, contributing to her vulnerability. The diagnosis of erotomanic delusional disorder, dysthymia, and mild cognitive impairment with cerebral vascular background was established. Treatment involved her previous antidepressant with low-dose risperidone, alongside supportive individual and group therapy. Her delusion showed remission four weeks later, prompting her discharge for outpatient follow-up. Although she retained some false beliefs, the intensity of the symptoms had notably diminished and her functionality improved.ConclusionThis case underscores the complex interplay between mental health, online activities, and the consequences of delusions, including suicidal thoughts, shedding light on the need for a comprehensive approach in addressing such challenging psychiatric scenarios.

A randomized comparison of online mindfulness-based group sex therapy vs supportive group sex education to address sexual dysfunction in breast cancer survivors.

Sexual difficulties and vaginal pain are common following treatment for breast cancer. The goal of this study was to evaluate an online mindfulness-based group sex therapy vs an online supportive sex education group therapy to address these sexual difficulties. Breast cancer survivors (n= 118) were randomized to 1 of the 2 arms; 116 provided informed consent and completed the time 1 assessment. Treatment included 8 weekly 2-hour online group sessions. Those randomized to the mindfulness group completed daily mindfulness exercises, and those in the comparison arm read and completed exercises pertaining to sex education. Assessments were repeated at posttreatment and 6 months after the completion of the group. There was a main effect of treatment on primary endpoints of sexual desire, sexual distress, and vaginal pain, with all outcomes showing significant improvements, with no differential impact by treatment arm. Secondary endpoints of interoceptive awareness, mindfulness, and rumination about sex also significantly improved with both treatments, with no group-by-time interaction. Both mindfulness-based sex therapy and supportive sex education delivered in group format online are effective for improving many facets of sexual function, vaginal pain, rumination, mindfulness, and interoceptive awareness in breast cancer survivors. We used a randomized methodology. Future studies should seek to diversify participants. These findings highlight the need to offer similar treatments to more breast cancer survivors immediately after and in the years following cancer treatment as a means of improving survivorship quality of life.

Remission, Recovery, Relapse, and Recurrence Rates for Suicide Attempts and Nonsuicidal Self-Injury for Suicidal Youth Treated With Dialectical Behavior Therapy or Supportive Therapy

To evaluate rates of remission, recovery, relapse, and recurrence in suicidal youth who participated in a clinical trial comparing Dialectical Behavior Therapy (DBT) and Individual and Group Supportive Therapy (IGST). Participants were 173 youth, aged 12 to 18 years, with repetitive self-harm (including at least 1 prior suicide attempt [SA]) and elevated suicidal ideation (SI). Participants received 6 months of DBT or IGST and were followed for 6 months post-treatment. The sample was 95% female, 56.4% White, and 27.49% Latina. Remission was defined as absence of SA or nonsuicidal self-injury (NSSI) across one 3-month interval; recovery was defined across 2 or more consecutive intervals. Relapse and recurrence were defined as SA or NSSI following remission or recovery. Cross-tabulation with χ2 was used for between-group contrasts. Over 70% of the sample reported remission of SA at each treatment and follow-up interval. There were significantly higher rates of remission and recovery and lower rates of relapse and recurrence for SA in DBT than for IGST. Across treatments and time points, SA had higher remission and recovery rates and lower relapse and recurrence rates than NSSI. There were no significant differences in NSSI remission between conditions; however, participants receiving DBT had significantly higher NSSI recovery rates than those receiving IGST for the 3- to 9-month, 3- to 12-month, and 6- to 12-month intervals. Results showed higher percentages of SA remission and recovery for DBT as compared to IGST. NSSI was less likely to remit than SA. This study examined rates of remission, recovery, relapse, and recurrence of suicide attempts (SA) and nonsuicidal self-injury (NSSI) among the participants in the CARES Study, a randomized clinical trial of 6 months of Dialectical Behavior Therapy or Individual and Group Supportive Therapy. 173 youth aged 12 to 18 years participated in the study and were followed for 6 months post treatment. Over 70% of the sample reported remission of SA at each treatment and follow-up interval. There were significantly higher rates of remission and recovery and lower rates of relapse and recurrence for SA among participants who received Dialectical Behavioral Therapy. Across both treatments, remission and recovery rates were lower and relapse and recurrence rates were higher for NSSI than for SA. These results underscore the value of Dialectical Behavioral Therapy as a first line treatment for youth at high risk for suicide. We worked to ensure race, ethnic, and/or other types of diversity in the recruitment of human participants. Collaborative Adolescent Research on Emotions and Suicide (CARES); https://www. gov/; NCT01528020.

Loneliness in older adults with diabetes mellitus: a scoping review

ABSTRACT This scoping review aimed to explore and synthesize existing research on predictors of loneliness, and the impact of loneliness on physiological and psychological health outcomes and health behaviors in older adults with diabetes. Results from 12 studies showed that low education, being unmarried/divorced/separated, having diabetes-related complications, being physically inactive, having diabetes distress, being of a certain race/ethnicity, being female, having depressive symptoms, and being younger age were consistently identified as predictors of loneliness. In addition, loneliness was found to affect both psychological (depressive symptoms and negative perceptions of diabetes) and physiological health outcomes (increased postprandial blood glucose and A1C levels, decreased cortisol levels, increased MCP-1 levels, slower gait speed, and weaker hand grip) and health behaviors (decreased engagement in physical activity, increased disability in activities of daily living and instrumental activities of daily living, and increased likelihood of antidepressant use). The results of this scoping review suggest that loneliness is a complex issue for older adults with diabetes and its effects are far-reaching. Therefore, further research should be conducted to explore the potential causal relationships between loneliness and physiological and psychological health outcomes and to identify the best interventions to reduce loneliness in older adults with diabetes. For healthcare providers, it is important to recognize that loneliness is an appropriate risk factor for older adults with diabetes that may affect psychological and physiological health outcomes and health behaviors and to address it through interventions such as social support programs, group therapy, or psychosocial counseling.

Intermediate Transcultural Space (ITCS) An intergenerational and multicultural approach to violence and trauma in New Caledonia

This article reports findings from four group experiments in New Caledonia. They have as a common denominator: the ‘Intermediate Transcultural Space’ as inspired by Winnicott (1971) that all feature the themes of violence, the influence of culture and support group therapy. They all take place over a period of 10 years of practice. I continued to develop each of these group formats until I eventually arrived at an intergenerational, multicultural group for adolescents with a record of violence and criminal offences who fell within the remit of the French Child and Youth Judicial Protection Service along with the Kanak Custody Senate. The group offers an accessible landing stage that allows the young people to move forward along the long road of restoring self-esteem, and transforming their trauma and violent behaviour.

Integrative group psychotherapy for patients with somatic symptom disorder: A randomized controlled trial

The study aimed to determine whether specific integrative group psychotherapy (IGPT), based on CBT, combined with techniques of psychodynamic therapy and mindful body and emotional awareness is more effective than non-specific supportive group psychotherapy (SGPT) and treatment as usual (TAU) alone. A total of 120 SSD patients were randomly assigned to IGPT, SGPT or TAU groups. Both IGPT and SGPT showed significantly lower SSD-12 scores at the 4, 8, and 12-week follow-ups compared to TAU. No significant differences were observed between IGPT and SGPT at any follow-up point. These findings highlight the potential benefits of group psychotherapy in SSD treatment.

The Effect of Support Group Therapy on Bullying Victim’s Resiliency in An Islamic Boarding School Setting

Introduction: Bullying becomes a subset of intentional aggressive behavior that occurs globally. It allows the invasion of negative experiences, triggering feelings of discouragement, hopelessness, desperation, and insecurity, leaving the victims in powerless and indefensible circumstances toward the vicious bullying attacks. Thus here, we ought to investigate the influence of support group therapy on resilience among bullying victims in an Islamic boarding school setting.
 Method: This was a quasi-experimental study with a pre-posttest design with the control group. A total of 64 eligible participants that selected by the purposive sampling technique then equally distributed into the experimental and control groups. This research was conducted from May to June 2023 at Islamic Boarding School. Data were collected using the Resilience Scale Questionnaire which consists of 25 question items with answer choices using a Likert scale.
 Result: The results showed that the difference in resilience before and after the intervention in the control group showed a p value of 0.080, while in the treatment group the difference in resilience showed a p value of 0.000 before and after the intervention. The difference in the resilience scores of the control and treatment by the Wilcoxon test showed the p-value of 0.000, these results show that the significant effect of support group therapy on bullying victims’ resiliency.
 Conclusion: Support group therapy conclusively concentrates on providing adequate support and reinforcement to the bullying victims, cultivating empathy to restore their confidence and resiliency. Furthermore, this therapy can be implemented in mental health and community nursing settings as an alternative therapy.
 Keywords: Bullying, Resilience, Support Group Therapy

Single-center experience in 127 adult patients, mono or dual artificial liver support therapy, in patients with acute liver failure.

Acute liver failure (ALF) is a serious condition characterized by sudden liver dysfunction, jaundice and hepatic encephalopathy. Its mortality rate of approximately 80% underscores the urgent need for effective treatments. Supportive extracorporeal therapies (SET), which temporarily support liver function and remove toxins, have shown promise in improving outcomes in acute liver failure (ALF). The aim of this study was to compare the outcomes of dual supportive extracorporeal therapy (SET) and mono supportive extracorporeal therapy in patients with acute liver failure. A total of 127 patients with acute liver failure were included in this retrospective, single-center study. Of these, 62 patients received dual supportive extracorporeal therapy and 65 patients received mono supportive extracorporeal therapy. Primary endpoints were survival without the need for liver transplantation and mortality. Secondary endpoints included resolution of encephalopathy and normalization of International Normalized Ratio (INR). In the dual supportive extracorporeal therapy group, 59.6% of patients survived without the need for liver transplantation, while 27.4% achieved recovery with liver transplantation. The mortality rate in this group was 12.9%. Significant regression of encephalopathy grade was observed in 87% of patients, and the 1 year mortality rate for liver transplant recipients was 10.7%. In the mono supportive extracorporeal therapy group, 61.5% of patients experienced a successful recovery without the need for liver transplantation, with a mortality rate of 29.2%. Significant improvement in the grade of encephalopathy was observed in 70.7% of patients. Both dual supportive extracorporeal therapy (CVVHDF and PE) and mono supportive extracorporeal therapy (PE) were associated with significant improvements in renal and hepatic biochemical parameters, blood ammonia levels, and neurological status in patients with acute liver failure associated with grade III-IV hepatic encephalopathy. In particular, dual support was associated with improved hemodynamic stability, lactic acidosis and acid-base balance. Survival in acute liver failure in our retrospective cohort using a protocolized approach to extracorporeal therapies is higher compared to previously published large ALF studies. This protocolized approach warrants further prospective studies.

Increasing Inmate’s Resilience with Support Group Therapy

<div><table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" align="left"><tbody><tr><td align="left" valign="top"><p><em>The prevalence of mental disorders in prison inmates (WBP) has increased due to high stressors in the correctional environment. Inmate’s stress comes from difficulties in adjusting to prison life with the obligation to follow applicable rules, being separated from family, losing goods and services, losing freedom and losing patterns of sexuality</em> <em>One way to deal with stress is to provide social support which can also increase resilience. The research aims to identify the increased resilience of prisoners after being given support group therapy. The research was conducted using a quasi-experimental method with a one group pretest-posttest design model. </em><em>The population of this study were inmates who are in Class II Ambarawa Penitentary. </em><em>The sample in this study was determined by non-random sampling</em><em> with </em><em>inclusion criteria</em><em>s are inmates </em><em>who behaved well while in the correctional environment, aged over 17 years and had a low to moderate resilience score</em><em>.</em><em> The sample in this study consisted of 10 inmates who have low-moderate levels of resilience based on the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale 25 (CD-RISC 25). </em><em>Data were collected in two months between September-Novermber 2022. Data were analyzed using different test of independent sample t-test. </em><em>The results showed that there was an increase in the resilience of the respondents after being given support group therapy. Inmates can provide social support in correctional facilities through support group therapy in order to increase the resilience level of other prisoners.</em><em> </em><em></em></p><p> </p></td></tr></tbody></table></div><strong><em>Keyword: Inmate , Resilience, Support group therapy</em></strong>

Randomized Controlled Trials and Quasi-Experimental Therapies for Hoarding Disorder: A Review of the Literature

Aims: This study identified therapies for hoarding disorder.
 Methods: The literature review method was employed with several databases: EBSCOhost, PubMed, Sage Journals, and ScienceDirect, and the Google Scholar search engine. Articles were sorted based on the following inclusion criteria: published between 2011–2021, written in Indonesian or English, available full-text, type of experimental study (RCT, quasi), focus on hoarding or compulsive hoarding and its effects on daily life, and including a sample for a primary study with adult and elderly hoarders aged 19 plus.
 Results: Five articles were found discussing therapies using an experimental method of treating hoarding disorder. The findings showed improvement in hoarding symptoms with outcomes of 23–28% for support group therapy, 31.8% for contingency management therapy, 38% for cognitive rehabilitation and exposure/sorting therapy (CREST), 43% for community-based CREST, and four out of six (66.67%) participants experiencing clinically significant changes following clutter buddies therapy.
 Conclusion: The procedures, periods, and number of sessions allotted to each study could have influenced the effectiveness of the intervention. However, since only one study used an RCT, further research is recommended using this method regarding therapies for hoarding disorder.