Support For Breastfeeding Mothers Research Articles

The Academy of Breastfeeding Medicine27th Annual International MeetingBaltimore, MarylandSeptember 15–18, 2022

The Academy of Breastfeeding Medicine27^th Annual International MeetingBaltimore, MarylandSeptember 15–18, 2022

DETERMINANTS OF UNSUCCESFUL EXCLUSIVE BREASTFEEDING - A SCOPING REVIEW

Background: Globally, 40% of children under the age of 6 months are exclusively breastfed. The results of the Basic Health Research (RISKESDAS) in 2018, the rate of exclusive breastfeeding for infants aged 0-6 months, it merely reached 37.3%. Purpose: To discover the factors that affected the failure of exclusive breastfeeding. Method: Scoping review adapted the Arskey and O'Malley framework, using a database from PubMed, Willey. and ScienceDirect. Finding: 21 articles out of 1563 selected based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. Factors related to the failure of exclusive breastfeeding were divided into three factors, namely (1) sociodemographic factors consist of knowledge, occupation, age, environment and socio-culture, (2) health factors consist maternal parity, BMI, and psychological, (3) psychosocial factors consist of attitudes, breastfeeding intentions, family support, support from health workers and information obtained by the mother. Conclusion: The factors that most affected the failure of exclusive breastfeeding were the lack of family support for breastfeeding mothers, the support of passive health workers in providing information about exclusive breastfeeding and the work status of mothers who required mothers to work outside the home. In-depth research must be needed to find out the best strategy in increasing the achievement of exclusive breastfeeding.
 
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Paternal Roles in Breastfeeding in Jakarta, Indonesia: A Mixed-method Approach

Abstract We explored paternal roles in timely breastfeeding initiation and exclusive breastfeeding practices in Jakarta using a mixed-methods approach in sequence of focus group discussions (FGDs – phase 1) and a quantitative survey (phase 2). The study population was parents with infants aged below 6 months. Data on paternal roles, maternal attributes, and breastfeeding practices were collected from 43 purposively selected parents in phase 1 and 536 couples in phase 2. FGDs provided insights to finalize the questionnaire for the survey. Nine paternal roles were identified: 1-accompanying the mother during antenatal and postnatal visits, 2-suggesting places for health checkups and delivery, 3-seeking information about child nutrition, 4-accompanying the mother during delivery, 5-facilitating psychological support of the mother, 6-childcare involvement, 7-engagement in childcare discussions, 8-involvement in decisions about infant feeding mode, and 9-enthusiasm for fatherhood. Roles 3 (aOR=1.65; 95%CI=1.07 to 2.54) and 9 (1.59; 1.04-2.44) were positively associated with timely initiation of breastfeeding. Role 8 was positively associated with exclusive breastfeeding (1.69; 1.10-2.60), but roles 2 (0.49; 0.32-0.76) and 5 (0.97; 0.41-0.64) were negatively associated with exclusive breastfeeding. Fathers played roles in breastfeeding practices under study. Fathers need a tailored breastfeeding promotion to stimulate necessary support for breastfeeding mothers. Keywords: initiation of breastfeeding, exclusive breastfeeding, fathers, mixed-methods approach, Indonesia

The effects of a hospital-based perinatal breastfeeding program on exclusive breastfeeding in Taiwan: a quasi-experimental study

Objective: To examine if a perinatal breastfeeding program would improve the exclusive breastfeeding rate at a baby-friendly hospital. Background: The Ten Steps to Successful Breastfeeding and Baby-Friendly Hospital Initiative have been widely used to improve breastfeeding outcomes worldwide. A hospital-based multi-strategy intervention may provide an opportunity to increase breastfeeding in different countries. Study design and methods: The study used a quasi-experimental design. Data was collected in a Baby Friendly hospital. A total of 60 mother-infant dyads were included. The experimental group took part in the multi-component perinatal breastfeeding program, while the control group received routine care. The multi-strategy program included prenatal breastfeeding education, birth kangaroo mother care (skin-to-skin contact and non-separation practices) at first breastfeed, continuous 24-hour rooming-in, ongoing kangaroo mother care with breastfeeding on cue, and hospital support visits. The exclusive breastfeeding rate was measured at hospital discharge, and one-month postpartum. Results: The mothers who participated in the intervention had a greater exclusive breastfeeding rate at hospital discharge and one month postpartum than those in the control group. In the experimental group, 90% of the infants completed the first feeding within two hours after birth. At discharge, 93.3% of the mothers in the experimental group and 53.3% in the control group were exclusively breastfeeding. At one month postpartum, 83.3% of the mothers in the experimental group and 36.7% in the control group were still exclusively breastfeeding. Discussion: The intervention program used in the current study is different to previous studies. The current intervention not only included prenatal education and postpartum support, but also included birth kangaroo mother care at first breastfeed and ongoing kangaroo mother care with breastfeeding on cue. Breastfeeding should be promoted through perinatal comprehensive clinical and social support starting in the prenatal period and continuing through intrapartal, postpartum, and follow-up periods. Conclusion: This study was the first study to use a hospital-based multi-strategy intervention including the non-separation of mother-infant dyads and other breastfeeding support for mothers in Taiwan. The program was associated with a significant improvement in the exclusive breastfeeding rate at one month postpartum.

The effects of a hospital-based perinatal breastfeeding program on exclusive breastfeeding in Taiwan: a quasi-experimental study

Objective: To examine if a perinatal breastfeeding program would improve the exclusive breastfeeding rate at a baby-friendly hospital. Background: The Ten Steps to Successful Breastfeeding and Baby-Friendly Hospital Initiative have been widely used to improve breastfeeding outcomes worldwide. A hospital-based multi-strategy intervention may provide an opportunity to increase breastfeeding in different countries. Study design and methods: The study used a quasi-experimental design. Data was collected in a Baby Friendly hospital. A total of 60 mother-infant dyads were included. The experimental group took part in the multi-component perinatal breastfeeding program, while the control group received routine care. The multi-strategy program included prenatal breastfeeding education, birth kangaroo mother care (skin-to-skin contact and non-separation practices) at first breastfeed, continuous 24-hour rooming-in, ongoing kangaroo mother care with breastfeeding on cue, and hospital support visits. The exclusive breastfeeding rate was measured at hospital discharge, and one-month postpartum. Results: The mothers who participated in the intervention had a greater exclusive breastfeeding rate at hospital discharge and one month postpartum than those in the control group. In the experimental group, 90% of the infants completed the first feeding within two hours after birth. At discharge, 93.3% of the mothers in the experimental group and 53.3% in the control group were exclusively breastfeeding. At one month postpartum, 83.3% of the mothers in the experimental group and 36.7% in the control group were still exclusively breastfeeding. Discussion: The intervention program used in the current study is different to previous studies. The current intervention not only included prenatal education and postpartum support, but also included birth kangaroo mother care at first breastfeed and ongoing kangaroo mother care with breastfeeding on cue. Breastfeeding should be promoted through perinatal comprehensive clinical and social support starting in the prenatal period and continuing through intrapartal, postpartum, and follow-up periods. Conclusion: This study was the first study to use a hospital-based multi-strategy intervention including the non-separation of mother-infant dyads and other breastfeeding support for mothers in Taiwan. The program was associated with a significant improvement in the exclusive breastfeeding rate at one month postpartum.

An investigation into the use of infant feeding tracker apps by breastfeeding mothers.

Sufficient information and support for breastfeeding mothers is vital to encourage optimal infant feeding practices. Infant feeding apps give breastfeeding instructions and access to information however, little is known about mothers' perceptions about these resources. This study investigated mothers' use and experiences of infant feeding apps with a feeding tracker component, including how information within these apps is used, initial reasons for downloading, the role of the app in infant feeding, and perceived benefits and disadvantages of infant feeding apps. In-depth interviews were conducted with nine Australian breastfeeding mothers who had used an infant feeding app in the last year. Interviews were recorded, transcribed verbatim and coded prior to thematic analysis. The findings revealed that infant feeding apps provide mothers with objective information to guide their breastfeeding decisions and other aspects of baby care. This objective approach to infant feeding gives mothers a perception of greater control, confidence and efficacy at a time of transition and stress in the early stages of parenting an infant. While, overall, the mothers were positive about infant feeding apps, they also expressed concerns regarding overreliance on the app, feeling overwhelmed with the data and questioning the credibility of the information.

Development of a breastfeeding training model in the north east of England

Many policy drivers have identified the importance of peer support for breastfeeding, and recent reviews have recognised that support for breastfeeding mothers can help to increase breastfeeding rates and in turn reduce health and social inequalities. Breastfeeding peer support groups offer much more to a community than is measureable in terms of money. Deprived areas of the UK are seen as having ‘lost skills’ in breastfeeding; they have no experience or tradition of breastfeeding to draw on and are unable to view it as an everyday activity that influences an intention to breastfeed and leads to bottle feeding. South Tyneside is one of the most deprived areas in the UK, and has integrated and implemented peer counsellor training into the support model for new mothers and the training model with other professionals. It has had a high success rate with more than a fifth moving on to nurse education.

Could artificial intelligence assist mothers with breastfeeding?

Public Health England is using Amazon's Alexa to complement the work of professionals and provide support for breastfeeding mothers at all hours

A Microcosting Study of Establishing a Baby Café® in Texas

This article focuses on the costs of opening and running a Baby Café. A Baby Café is an intervention that focuses on providing peer-to-peer support for breastfeeding mothers. Research aim: This study aimed to estimate the costs of establishing and running a Baby Café. The authors used a microcosting approach to identifying costs using the case of a Baby Café located in San Antonio, Texas, and modeled after other existing cafés in the United States. They also used extensive literature review and conducted an informal interview with a manager of an existing Baby Café in the United States to validate our cost data. The cost analysis was done from the provider perspective. Costs of starting a Baby Café were $36,000, whereas annual operating costs totaled $47,000. Total discounted costs for a 5-year period amounted to $250,000, resulting in a cost per Baby Café session of $521 and cost per mother of $104. Varying the number of sessions per week and number of mothers attending each session, the discounted cost per Baby Café session ranged between $460 and $740 and the cost per mother varied between $65 and $246. These findings can be used by policy makers and organizations to evaluate local resource requirements for starting a Baby Café. Further research is needed to evaluate the effectiveness of this intervention against other breastfeeding promoting initiatives.

Who Supports Breastfeeding Mothers? : An Investigation of Kin Investment in the United States.

Breastfeeding is one important form of maternal investment that is influenced by support from kin and non-kin. This paper investigates who provides support for breastfeeding mothers and their children, what type of support they provide, and how support impacts breastfeeding duration. The data were derived from a survey of 594 American mothers and were analyzed using quantitative methods, including Cox regression. Analyses indicate that mothers receive significant support, particularly from spouses and maternal grandmothers. More frequent breastfeeding discussions with La Leche League and maternal grandfathers were associated with longer duration, whereas discussions with physicians were associated with shorter breastfeeding duration. Results indicate that consulting others specifically about breastfeeding may influence breastfeeding decisions. The results are consistent with the idea that social support may influence breastfeeding duration and that some types of support are more influential than others. Furthermore, support persons should be educated about breastfeeding to prevent early weaning.

Bed-sharing by breastfeeding mothers: who bed-shares and what is the relationship with breastfeeding duration?

To explore the link between breastfeeding duration and bed-sharing frequency among women reporting a prenatal intention to breastfeed. About 870 participants in a randomised breastfeeding trial, recruited at mid-pregnancy, provided weekly snapshots of breastfeeding and bed-sharing behaviour for 26 weeks following birth. Strength of prenatal breastfeeding intent was recorded at recruitment using Likert-type scales. Outcomes were frequency of bed-sharing at home for at least one hour per week, and time to cessation of breastfeeding. There were insufficient data to classify bed-sharing pattern in 192/870 (22%) of mothers. Of the remainder, 44% (299/678) of participants 'rarely' or 'never' bed-shared, 28% (192/678) did so 'intermittently' and 28% (187/678) did so 'often'. These three groups did not differ significantly in marital status, income, infant gestational age, maternal age or delivery mode. Significantly, more participants who bed-shared 'often' reported strong prenatal breastfeeding intent (70% vs. 57% and 56% for 'intermittent' and 'rare' bed-share groups) and attached high prenatal importance to breastfeeding (95% vs. 87% and 82%). Significantly, more women who bed-shared frequently were breastfeeding at 6 months (p < 0.0001) than those who intermittently or rarely/never bed-shared. Women with strong motivation to breastfeed frequently bed-share. Given the complex relationship between bed-sharing and sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) appropriate guidance balancing risk minimisation with support for breastfeeding mothers is crucial.

Breast feeding is not best feeding, it's normal feeding

British Journal of Healthcare AssistantsVol. 10, No. 3 ProfessionalBreast feeding is not best feeding, it's normal feedingBridget HalnanBridget HalnanSearch for more papers by this authorBridget HalnanPublished Online:10 Mar 2016https://doi.org/10.12968/bjha.2016.10.3.117AboutSectionsView articleView Full TextPDF/EPUB ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareShare onFacebookTwitterLinked InEmail View article References Armstrong J, Reilly JJ, Child Health Information Team (2002) Breastfeeding and lowering the risk of childhood obesity. Lancet 359(9322): 2003–4 Crossref, Google ScholarBritton C, McCormick FM, Renfrew MJ et al. (2007) Support for breastfeeding mothers. Cochrane Database Syst Rev (1): CD001141 Google ScholarDepartment of Health (2003) Infant Feeding Recommendation. http://tinyurl.com/hbstaxm (accessed 25 February 2016) Google ScholarGlossop P (2014) Health and Social Care Information Centre (HSCIC): Infant Feeding Survey Consultation. Outcome Paper. http://tinyurl.com/h8nnoou (accessed 25 February 2016) Google ScholarRenfrew MJ (2012) Preventing disease and saving resources: the potential contribution of increasing breastfeeding rates in the UK. http://tinyurl.com/j4bf6eg (accessed 25 February 2016) Google Scholar FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails 2 March 2016Volume 10Issue 3ISSN (print): 1753-1586ISSN (online): 2052-4420 Metrics History Published online 10 March 2016 Published in print 2 March 2016 Information© MA Healthcare LimitedPDF download

The Knowledge and Attitudes towards Breastfeeding of Iranian Mothers during the First Year after Delivery in 2013

OBJECTIVE: Globally less than 40% of infants less than six months of age are exclusively breastfed. Adequate breastfeeding support for mothers and families could save many young lives. This study aimed to determine knowledge and attitudes of mothers toward breastfeeding in Tonekabon, Iran.METHODS: This study was a descriptive-analytical cross sectional study with convenience sampling. The sample consisted of 200 nursing mothers who have including criteria of the study. Data was collected by a questionnaire including demographic data and questions about knowledge and attitude toward breastfeeding. Data analysis performed by using of SPSS (11.5) and appropriate statistical tests.RESULTS: Most of them (73.5%) were 21-30 age group. 50.5% of them had a diploma education. 46% of them reported the essential information about breastfeeding obtained from medical- health centers. 5% of them had poor and 42% had a medium knowledge about breastfeeding while 53% of them had good knowledge about it. Most of the mothers (79.5%) had positive attitude regarding breast feeding.CONCLUSION: According to most of the mothers had good knowledge and positive attitude about breastfeeding, with proper planning to increase awareness and promote a positive attitude towards breastfeeding can be tried for child survival.

The Knowledge and Attitudes towards Breastfeeding of Iranian Mothers during the First Year after Delivery in 2013

OBJECTIVE: Globally less than 40% of infants less than six months of age are exclusively breastfed. Adequate breastfeeding support for mothers and families could save many young lives. This study aimed to determine knowledge and attitudes of mothers toward breastfeeding in Tonekabon, Iran. METHODS: This study was a descriptive-analytical cross sectional study with convenience sampling. The sample consisted of 200 nursing mothers who have including criteria of the study. Data was collected by a questionnaire including demographic data and questions about knowledge and attitude toward breastfeeding. Data analysis performed by using of SPSS (11.5) and appropriate statistical tests. RESULTS: Most of them (73.5%) were 21-30 age group. 50.5% of them had a diploma education. 46% of them reported the essential information about breastfeeding obtained from medical- health centers. 5% of them had poor and 42% had a medium knowledge about breastfeeding while 53% of them had good knowledge about it. Most of the mothers (79.5%) had positive attitude regarding breast feeding. CONCLUSION: According to most of the mothers had good knowledge and positive attitude about breastfeeding, with proper planning to increase awareness and promote a positive attitude towards breastfeeding can be tried for child survival.

Achieving Baby Friendly Status Through a National Collaborative

Newborn Care Poster Presentation Purpose for the Program The National Initiative for Children's Healthcare Quality (NICHQ), working closely with Baby‐Friendly USA, has formed a nationwide collaborative titled Best Fed Beginnings. The collaborative awarded participation to 90 hospitals. The goal of the project is for hospitals to implement evidence‐based quality improvements to their maternity care services that result in increased breastfeeding support for mothers and their infants. Participation in this collaborative will help hospitals achieve Baby Friendly status. We describe the journey of Sharp Mary Birch Hospital for Women & Newborns in this collaborative from the application process through actual designation. Proposed Change Involvement in the collaborative is focused on applying the 10 steps to successful breastfeeding as outlined by Baby‐Friendly USA. Imperative to success is engaging an interdisciplinary team at the hospital, including a mother from the community. Another essential component is the collaborative hospital team's attendance at three learning sessions over the 22‐month project. Connecting with other participating hospital teams allows for sharing of best practice strategies, identifying lessons learned, overcoming common barriers, and expediting the Baby Friendly designation process. Implementation, Outcomes, and Evaluation Immersion into the collaborative began in June 2012. Established outcomes were identified and were evaluated monthly during the project: (a) 80% of staff caring for healthy mother–baby couplets will receive training on lactation support; (b) the infant feeding policy will be compliant with Baby Friendly guidelines; (c) 100% of staff will complete documentation of pertinent breastfeeding information; (d) ongoing data collection will be automated with the electronic medical record; (e) all breast milk substitutes and supplies will be purchased; and (f) 90% of healthy infants will be exclusively breastfed from birth to discharge. Implications for Nursing Practice Literature is replete with the extensive benefits of breastfeeding for mothers, infants, and society. Numerous studies also indicate that exclusive breastfeeding during the early postpartum stay is one of the most influential indicators on duration of breastfeeding after discharge. Hospitals that are designated as Baby Friendly have a demonstrated increase in exclusive breastfeeding rates compared with nondesignated hospitals. Participating in a national collaborative will assist with increasing exclusive breastfeeding rates by culturally changing the breastfeeding practices for healthcare providers and consumers. Subsequently, this will assist the entire United States in meeting the Healthy People 2020 goals.

Preventive Services Task Force Endorses Breastfeeding Support in Primary Care

A NEW RECOMMENDATION FROM the US Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) urges primary care physicians to do more to encourage mothers to breastfeed their infants. Citing strong evidence that breastfeeding provides health benefits for children, and moderate evidence that it benefits women as well, the USPSTF evaluated the literature on breastfeeding support interventions to determine whether such efforts are effective. The organization found sufficient evidence that supportive interventions increase rates of breastfeeding initiation as well as the duration and exclusivity of breastfeeding (US Preventive Services Task Force. Ann Intern Med. 2008;149[8]:560-564). Most of the breastfeeding interventions that have been studied include multiple components, such as formal breastfeeding instruction by a clinician in a classroom setting, office-based interventions by a clinician, hospitalbased interventions, and postdischarge professional or lay support, according to Mei Chung, MPH, of Tufts Medical Center in Boston, who along with colleagues conducted the literature review for the USPSTF (Chung M et al. Ann Intern Med. 2008;149[8]:565582). Chung and her colleagues found that such interventions have a beneficial effect on breastfeeding when compared with usual care. The researchers also tried to tease out the specific strategies that are most effective. They found that it is important to provide support to women both during pregnancy and after delivery, said Chung. Additionally, initiatives that include lay support for breastfeeding mothers appear to be more effective than those that offer only professional support. Chung said this finding may be related to the timing of these forms of support. Lay support, she explained, is most commonly offered after a woman has left the hospital,

Eine Interventionsstudie zur Verbesserung von Stillbedingungen in Geburtskliniken einer Modellregion in Bayern

Breastfeeding is influenced amongst other aspects by the support of the medical staff in clinics. Therefore WHO and UNICEF have implemented the programme "ten steps to successful breastfeeding" and the certificate "Baby friendly hospital" to promote breastfeeding in clinics. When the study "Breastfeeding in Bavaria" was started only two clinics in Bavaria were certified as baby friendly. In a Bavarian region where breastfeeding rates were significantly lower than in other regions an intervention study will be conducted. The aim of the study is to educate the clinic staff in the support of breastfeeding mothers. This paper describes the aims and methods of this intervention study.

Calls to an Inner-City Hospital Breastfeeding Telephone Support Line

Support for breastfeeding mothers after they leave the hospital is often inadequate in low-income, inner-city areas where few resources are available. In becoming a Baby-Friendly Hospital, inner-city Boston Medical Center established a breastfeeding telephone support line to overcome this discrepancy. Records of support line calls for the first 5 years of operation were reviewed to record the level of need and determine reasons for use. A total of 1959 calls for 2482 reasons were received between January 1999 and December 2003. The most common reason for calling was "need help obtaining a breast pump" or "need information about breast pumps" (44%; 1096/2482), followed by "breast issue" (7%; 181/2482) and "milk supply question" (7%; 167/2482). The results indicate that inner-city women seek breastfeeding support and demonstrate a substantial need for breast pumps. These findings suggest that the lack of breast pumps may be a barrier to continued breastfeeding for inner-city breastfeeding women.

Support for breastfeeding mothers: a systematic review.

Although the benefits of breastfeeding are widely accepted, the effectiveness of different strategies to promote the continuation of breastfeeding once initiated are less clear. The objective of this systematic review was to describe studies comparing standard care with the provision of extra breastfeeding support and to measure its effectiveness. Outcome measures used were rates of cessation of any breastfeeding or exclusive breastfeeding at chosen points in time. Measures of child morbidity and maternal satisfaction were also used when these were reported. Twenty eligible randomised or quasi-randomised controlled trials were identified, involving 23 712 mother-infant pairs. Extra support had a beneficial effect on the duration of any breastfeeding (RR [95% confidence intervals] for stopping any breastfeeding before the last study assessment up to 6 months 0.88 [0.81, 0.95]; 15 trials, 21 910 women). The effect was greater for exclusive breastfeeding (RR for stopping exclusive breastfeeding before the last study assessment 0.78 [0.69, 0.89]; 11 trials, 20 788 women). Although the point estimates of relative risk were very similar, benefit derived from professional support achieved statistical significance for any breastfeeding (RR 0.89 [0.81, 0.97]; 10 trials, 19 696 women) but not for exclusive breastfeeding (RR 0.90 [0.81, 1.01]; six trials, 18 258 women). Lay support was effective in reducing the cessation of exclusive breastfeeding (RR 0.66 [0.49, 0.89]; five trials, 2530 women) while the strength of its effect on any breastfeeding was less clear (RR 0.84 [0.69, 1.02]; five trials, 2224 women). Professional support in the largest trial to assess health outcomes produced a significant reduction in the risk of gastrointestinal infections and atopic eczema. In two trials with children suffering from diarrhoeal illness, extra support was highly effective in increasing short-term exclusive breastfeeding rates and reducing recurrence of diarrhoea. This review supports the conclusion that supplementary breastfeeding support should be provided as part of routine health service provision. There is clear evidence for the effectiveness of professional support on the duration of any breastfeeding although the strength of its effect on the rate of exclusive breastfeeding is uncertain. Lay support is effective in promoting exclusive breastfeeding although the strength of its effect on the duration of any breastfeeding is uncertain. Evidence supports the promotion of exclusive breastfeeding as central to the management of diarrhoeal illness in partially breast-fed infants.

Review: support interventions reduce cessation of breast feeding before 2 months

; Sikorski J, Renfrew MJ. Support for breastfeeding mothers. (Cochrane Review, latest version 30 Jun 1998.) In: Cochrane Library. Oxford: Update Software. . Question Does extra support for mothers who...