Support Classroom Instruction Research Articles

Preliminary Program Evaluation of Pocket PE 3-5™, A User-Friendly Digital Application for Teacher Skills Training and Physical Education Activities for Third- to Fifth-Grade Elementary Students.

In the United States, many classroom teachers also teach physical education (PE). However, there is a dearth of evidence- and standard-based PE programs designed to support classroom teachers to deliver PE effectively in schools. The purpose of this study was to establish proof-of-concept for the Pocket PE 3-5 digital app in school settings with 10 third- to fifth-grade classroom teachers. We assessed fidelity of program implementation, measured via observations of PE quality. Students used wrist-worn heart rate monitors during Pocket PE 3-5 lessons to measure time spent in moderate to vigorous physical activity. Program feasibility was primarily assessed through teacher-reported surveys of usability, satisfaction, and acceptability and exit interviews. Mean PE observation scores were 18.6 (SD = 1.5) on a scale of 5 to 20. On average, students spent 56.7% (SD = 13.1%) of class time engaging in moderate to vigorous physical activity. Mean survey scores, reported on a 5-point scale, were 4.5 (SD = 0.6) for acceptability, 4.8 (SD = 0.4) for usability, and 4.7 (SD = 0.7) for satisfaction. Teachers liked how easy the app was to use but mentioned some technological challenges. This program evaluation study established the proof-of-concept for the Pocket PE 3-5 elementary school PE program.

Using social network analysis to investigate mathematical connections in U.S. and Chinese textbook problems

Textbooks, as potentially implemented curricula, play an important role in supporting classroom teaching and learning. Mathematical connections, one of the essential and hot topics advocated in mathematics education, have been emphasized in national curriculum reforms in various countries. However, little is known about the connection networks represented in school textbooks; even less has been done to compare textbooks from different countries. In this study, we propose an innovative method for examining how connections are represented in two popular U.S. (the UCSMP series) and Chinese (the PEP-A series) high school textbook problems involving quadratic relations. By using social network analysis, we identified 1129 connections, characterized connection networks into dense, moderate, and sparse digraphs, identified influential, prominent, and dual concepts and representations, and evaluated the strength between typical and reverse connections. The results revealed that the Chinese series presented a denser network of balanced between-concept connections but limited within-concept connections. The U.S. series exhibited more within-concept connections but emphasized typical connections, thus validating the potential of this innovative method. From this study, we suggest that our novel method provides a theoretical contribution to textbook analysis and connection analysis, which has rich implications for practice, for example, examining the network of connections students construct as a way to assess and to promote their conceptual understanding, and our approach opens the possibility of adopting new and efficient analytical tools from social network analysis in mathematics education research.

Classroom Teachers' Perceptions of Science and Inquiry-Based Teaching

Inquiry-based teaching is an approach that carries the same steps as the process of producing scientific knowledge, where the student is at the center of learning, and where teachers must develop the inquiry skills of both themselves and their students. It can be said that in the first years of childhood, the person students spend the most time with, after their families, is their classroom teacher. The basic knowledge taught in primary school forms the basis of the following levels. An innovative strategy method is essential in the development and implementation of educational activities with a research-based teaching approach. However, teachers need time, resources, training and support to effectively implement inquiry-based teaching in their classrooms and develop inquiry skills. TÜBİTAK 4004 "MAT-SOR Inquiry-Based Activity Development Camp" project was carried out to support classroom teachers within the scope of the Science and Community Support Programs Mathematics Year Special Call. The project aims to increase the competencies of classroom teachers in developing activity plans and to ensure that they acquire the skills required by the 21st century. Within the scope of this project, "mystery boxes" training was organized to help classroom teachers recognize and improve their skills in understanding science and inquiry-based teaching practices. For this purpose, teachers' opinions were taken with open-ended questions before and after the training. The data of the research was obtained from 25 teachers who participated in the project. The data obtained was analyzed using the content analysis method, which is one of the qualitative analysis methods. Three researchers conducted analyzes independently, and then themes and categories were determined. As a result of the study, it was determined that teachers' ideas about science improved, and their ideas about the steps of inquiry-based teaching in general emerged. It can be stated that providing new methods and approaches and applied training contributes to developing educational activities for individuals.

Teacher preparation for implementation of E-learning in the educational process of a German high school

The article examines the problem of using electronic learning (E-learning) in the training of future teachers in German universities, which is a fairly new and at the same time promising direction of comparative pedagogy. This problem has gained particularly active development in recent years, which is largely due to the spread of digital forms of education, which were recognized in Germany as a special category of the latest educational technologies. It is assumed that the constant introduction of new pedagogical technologies will provide wider opportunities for the development of pedagogical universities in Germany and maintain competitiveness in the international market of educational services. It is believed that successful e-learning scenarios take into account the necessary didactic conditions of learning in different contexts, such as authentic or social learning contexts, and provide substantial digital support for learning materials. The authors consider the use of digital learning tools, which have a differentiated presentation and characterize the most widespread types of e-learning used in the training of future teachers in Germany, and cover the modern spectrum of posting event scenarios and lecture materials on the Internet for fully virtual teaching, namely: computer online computer training, internet training, blended learning, exclusively virtual training, and distance training on the Internet. An important aspect of e-learning is the tools and media for its implementation, which include software for portals, a system for managing administrative functions (personnel management and student management), course management, a learning platform, and tools for creating and collaborating on a network. E-learning is widely used in German universities; it supports learning processes through the use of various digital technologies that provide operations in various ways. Teachers are offered a choice of teaching and learning scenarios, and the e-semester reserve is aimed at further supporting classroom teaching.

ECRIMO, an app to train first graders' spelling: Effectiveness and comparison between different designs

The present study assessed the effectiveness of the ECRIMO educational application designed to build first‐grade level spelling skills. We tested whether using the app to teach spelling would be as effective as providing the same training using traditional paper exercises. The effect of integrating gamification into mobile learning apps, which has been little studied in the context of young children, is also investigated. A pretest/training/posttest design was implemented with 311 first‐graders divided in four groups: no training, paper training, the ECRIMO app with gamification features, and the ECRIMO app without gamification. Spelling, reading and phonological awareness abilities was measured at both pretest and posttest. The training was conducted over a 7‐week period (4.40 hours in total). The experimental design allowed us to answer three questions: (1) Is spelling training effective regardless of the medium used? (2) Is training through the app as efficient as paper‐based training? (3) Does gamification impact students' learning performance? Mixed‐model analyses revealed (1) a positive effect on the training outcome depended on the initial spelling ability of participants, (2) a comparable efficiency between autonomous training using the ECRIMO app on tablets and the same training provided by teachers using paper exercises and (3) a marginally positive effect of gamification that is greater for the weakest students. The present study proposes an original and pertinent experimental design to test the relevance of educational applications. The design features of learning apps can impact students' learning differently depending on their initial level. A critical step should be verifying that using online apps for training is at least as effective as the same training using paper exercises. Practitioner notesWhat is already known about this topic A significant number of children experience difficulties in reading and spelling from the first years of learning. The use of new technologies to support classroom teaching is rapidly developing as a topic of interest for educational professionals and researchers. Evaluations of new technologies developed to enhance literacy skills suggest that many factors can vary their effectiveness. The effectiveness of a digital educational application can be enhanced or undermined by design choices, such as gamification. What this paper adds Spelling training with the app ECRIMO seems effective for first year students, especially those with the lowest and middle level. Comparable effects of both the tablet‐based and paper equivalent training on participants' spelling were found. The use of gamification in ECRIMO could be more suitable for the weakest students. Implications for practice and/or policy Educational technologies should be evidence‐based and should be evaluated with both a passive and an active control group. The design should be carefully considered and tested, as it may be advantageous for some students and disadvantageous for others. The use of digital technology in education can be beneficial for classroom practice, when the activity can be carried out in total autonomy, leaving the teacher available for a group of pupils with specific needs.

Does participating in a daily handwriting without tears curriculum for 4-weeks improve a first-grade student’s spelling abilities: Single-subject ABA design

ABSTRACT COVID−19 and remote instruction negatively impacted student’s handwriting. This study aimed to determine if the implementation of a rigorous handwriting curriculum has an impact on a first-grade students’ ability to spell. This study used a single-subject, ABA quasi-experimental design. The study was completed by a first-grade teacher, with consultative support from an occupational therapy practitioner. The study was completed in a single first-grade general education classroom. Participants were recruited through convenience sampling and were eligible if they were in the principal researchers first-grade classroom. The total number of participants was 15 first-grade students of which six were boys and nine were girls, ages six to seven. Intervention was implemented in small groups for 20 minutes/day, five days/week, for a total of twenty-sessions. The Primary Spelling Inventory was administered pre- and post-intervention to measure the student’s spelling abilities. Paired sample t-test indicated statistically significant difference between pre- and posttest scores. Participants demonstrated an average improvement of 5.27 words after receiving the intervention, with 14 of 15 students demonstrating an improvement in pre- and post-assessment scores. Implementation of a handwriting curriculum improves a first-grade student’s handwriting skills and positively impacts spelling ability. Evidence supporting systematic approaches to improving handwriting contributes to teachers and occupational therapy practitioner’s professional reasoning when selecting specific intervention tools, in addition to determining appropriate dosage of intervention. Evidence can be utilized by occupational therapy practitioners to support classroom teachers and influence curricular decisions at the administrative level when determining curriculum to address handwriting. Occupational therapy practitioners can highlight the positive impact that mastery with handwriting can have on academic areas such as spelling.

Construction practice knowledge for complementing classroom teaching during site visits

PurposeAs video-based interventions are continuously utilized as alternatives to physical site visits, directing students' attention to specific learning contents within videos could increase their comprehension and stimulate their interest. Students' knowledge of construction practice can be reinforced, misconceptions and improper inferences can be reduced by calling out significant learning concepts. However, few studies have formalized practice concepts that could be beneficial in preparing students for the workplace. This paper presents an investigation of construction practice concepts, based on site visits that would be beneficial in complimenting classroom teaching to prepare students for the realities of practice.Design/methodology/approachA mixed methods research approach was employed combining qualitative and quantitative data collection and analysis. An online questionnaire, semi-structured interviews and a focus group were conducted with industry practitioners and instructors to identify the topics and practice concepts significant for supporting classroom teaching with site visits.FindingsThe findings suggest that the most relevant topics typically supported with site visits are preconstruction management, excavation and foundation work, construction equipment, construction means and methods, project management, road construction, sustainability, building systems, structures, construction technology, building construction, capstone, site logistics and safety. Practice concepts were identified for each of these topics.Research limitations/implicationsThe study will guide researchers in the design of video-based pedagogical tools to be used as an effective complement of or alternative to site visit experiences. The findings will support instructors on how to structure their teaching practices to prepare students for some of the complexities of the workplace.Originality/valueThis study adds value to the existing literature by providing insights into industry perception of practice concepts for complementing classroom teaching.

Lead teacher, assistant teacher, and peer racial/ethnic match and child outcomes for Black children enrolled in enhanced high-quality early care and education programs

Teacher-child racial match has been shown to benefit young Black children, but less is known about the degree to which the match is with the lead teacher or the assistant, and if the preschool racial context moderates this association. This study utilized existing data collected during the 2014–15 through 2018–19 school years in 20 high-quality preschools that enrolled children from households/families with low-income. Analyses of data from 2553 preschool-age Black children enrolled in 418 classrooms revealed that most Black children (82%) were enrolled in preschools with a majority (>=50%) of Black peers, and children in Black Majority preschools were more likely to experience teacher-child racial match with lead and assistant teachers. Racial match with lead and/or assistant teachers were associated with teacher demographic and beliefs differences but not differences in classroom instructional support or child outcomes. Black Majority preschool enrollment was also associated with more problem-behaviors but not other outcomes. However, within Black Majority schools, behavior concerns were reduced when the assistant teacher was a racial match and child initiative was higher when both the teachers were a match. In sum, the effect of teacher-child racial match for Black children should be considered jointly with co-occurring ecological contexts that typify the proximal effects of systemic racism like the preschool racial composition.

Analisis Implementasi Kompetensi Profesional Guru Pak Di Era Revolusi Industri 4.0 Dalam Meningkatkan Motivasi Belajar Siswa Di SMP Negeri SATAP 3 Sangalla’

Abstract- This research is motivated by the problems that occur in Junior High School of SATAP 3 Sangalla', teachers especially Christian Religious Education do not yet have creativity in terms of making media and using technology in learning Christian Religious Education which motivates students so that the level of learning motivation of students is still very low. minimal. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to analyze the professional competence of Christian Religious Education teachers in the era of the industrial revolution 4.0 in increasing students' learning motivation at Junior High School of SATAP 3 Sangalla'. To get the results of the research objectives used descriptive qualitative methods with data collection techniques through literature study, observation, and interviews. The results of this study indicate that the professional competence of Christian Religious Education teachers in the era of the industrial revolution 4.0 in increasing student learning motivation at Junior High School of SATAP 3 Sangalla' is still very much needed by involving technology in the process of teaching, educating, training, assisting, directing and assessing students. The presence of Christian Religious Education teachers at Junior High School of SATAP 3 Sangalla' in the learning process still does not involve the use of technology so that it triggers a lack of student motivation. Therefore, teacher of Christian Religious Education must improve their professional competence in the 4.0 era by honing their ability to use technology to support classroom teaching because it can increase student learning motivation. Keywords:; Christian Religious Education Teacher, Industrial Revolution 4.0, Motivation, Professional Competence, Study. Kata kunci: Belajar, Guru PAK, Kompetensi Profesional, Motivasi, Revolusi Industri 4.0.

PENINGKATAN PEMBELAJARAN BERBASIS LITERASI DAN NUMERASI DI SEKOLAH DASAR NEGERI 3 UBUD MELALUI PENGABDIAN MASYARAKAT PROGRAM STUDI PENDIDIKAN EKONOMI FKIP UNIVERSITAS PGRI MAHADEWA INDONESIA

This service activity aims to be a real forum for increasing numeracy literacy in schools and helping improve learning after the covid 19 pandemic. This community service is a mentoring activity carried out by students through a numeracy literacy scheme at Public Elementary School 3 Ubud, Gianyar. This activity is carried out for 1 month, starting from March 16, 2022 – April 16, 2022. Activities carried out by students with assistance include: (1) introduction to the scope of the school; (2) support classroom teachers in the development of numeracy literacy learning; (3) assisting the adaptation of the introduction of technology in teaching and learning activities. Service activities are collaborations carried out by lecturers and students through community service assistance with literacy and numeracy program schemes that have been running well, efficiently, effectively and maximally.

Integrating SPOCs in Software Testing Education: Evidence in Emergency Remote Courses

Nowadays, SPOCs (Small Private Online Courses) have been used as complementary methods to support classroom teaching. SPOCs are courses that apply the usage of MOOCs (Massive Open Online Courses), combining classroom with online education, making them an exciting alternative for contexts such as emergency remote teaching. Although SPOCs have been continuously proposed in the software engineering teaching area, it is crucial to assess their practical applicability via measuring the effectiveness of this resource in the teaching-learning process. In this context, this paper aims to present an experimental evaluation to investigate the applicability of a SPOC in a Verification, Validation, and Software Testing course taught during the period of emergency remote education during the COVID-19 pandemic in Brazil. Therefore, we conducted a controlled experiment comparing alternative teaching through the application of a SPOC with teaching carried out via lectures. The comparison between the teaching methods is made by analyzing the students’ performance during the solving of practical activities and essay questions on the content covered. In addition, we used questionnaires to analyze students’ motivation during the course. Study results indicate an improvement in both motivation and performance of students participating in SPOC, which corroborates its applicability to the software testing teaching area.

Team Meeting: Using Empathetic Literature: How Jane Addams Children’s Book Award Selections Can Support Classroom Instruction

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Leveraging motivation theory for research and practice with students with learning disabilities

ABSTRACT Given that the majority of students with learning disabilities (LD) are currently educated alongside general education peers for the majority of the school day in inclusive classrooms, it behooves motivation scholars to consider the practical implications of their research for all teachers working with students with LD. The purpose of this article is to discuss how three theoretical perspectives on motivation can be leveraged to support classroom teachers’ work with this student population. Following an overview of our three focus theories of motivation (goal orientation theory, self-determination theory, and expectancy-value theory), we discuss research about students with LD that employs each perspective, as well as any related interventions for students with LD. Afterwards, we provide practical implications for teachers working with students with LD. Finally, we offer recommendations for research on motivation using these and other theories that are sensitive to the specific strengths and challenges of students with LD.

Revisiting Marketing Management Teaching Pedagogy: A Study Based on the Voice of Indian Marketing Professionals

Marketing management is one of the practical-oriented subjects in management education, which is very dynamic. In this changing and newly emerging business and marketing ecosystem, the challenge of marketing teaching pedagogy is increasing day by day. In marketing management teaching pedagogical research, there is a scarcity of integrated blended framework consisting of teaching technology and augmented learning exposure in supporting classroom teaching methodology. The study attempts to identify how various factors like theoretical knowledge, practical orientation, teaching technology and augmented learning can impact marketing management education’s learning outcome in the Indian context. Current research has also tried developing and examining a structured framework that may strengthen the classroom teaching environment. This article is based on empirical data of 693 marketing and sales professionals who are mostly alumni from topmost Indian B-schools. Exploratory factor analyses and structural equation modelling, and path analysis are being done to test the conceptual research model. The results of this article demonstrate how contemporary integrated classroom teaching can boost the marketing management learning outcomes with a proper blend of augmented learning exposure, out-of-class exercises and teaching technology in an Indianized way.

‘Parents don’t need to come to school to be engaged:’ teachers use of social media for family engagement

ABSTRACT This paper presents a small-scale Critical Participatory Action Research (CPAR) study, investigating school leaders’ efforts to enhance families’ engagement in their children’s learning, through classroom teachers’ use of social media. The study occurred within three Australian primary schools, situated within a culturally and linguistically diverse community. Throughout two action research cycles the participating school leaders and classroom teachers critically reflected on family survey data and a sample of social media posts depicting student learning, so as to identify opportunities for enhanced family engagement. A practice lens was used to examine the sayings (words and language), doings (activities and resources) and relatings (relationships and power dynamics) featured within social media posts, to facilitate the participating leaders’ critical self-reflection of current practice. Data were collected through surveys, semi-structured interviews, transcripts of reflective practice meetings and reflective practice tools utilised throughout the CPAR process. Analysis of practice architectures identified systemic features utilised by school leaders to support classroom teachers’ practice change. Furthermore, this study highlights the significant role that school leaders have in facilitating classroom teachers’ use of social media for family engagement.

A good practice for making training accessible to university faculty members through ICTs: syllabus planning support training

This study focuses on a case study developed at a higher education institution, which comprises developing a new virtual teaching unit (VTU) aimed at supporting classroom teaching based on usability and accessibility criteria to help increase teaching quality by improving syllabus design. This study seeks to determine the impact of this new VTU on transfer and to assess the quality of its intervention without disregarding project sustainability by selecting the information and communication technologies that were used. After contextualizing and briefly introducing the primary variables of the project, this study describes how good practices have been developed as well as presents the corresponding results and the conclusions. The overall assessment reveals highly satisfactory results, both in terms of impact and intervention, regarding usability, accessibility, transfer, and sustainability.

Switching from face-to-face to electronic-mediated education caused by COVID-19 pandemic: An analysis of student perceptions

Mozambique, like several other countries in the region and all over the world, faces the dilemma of the need to guarantee the minimum learning conditions for students during the state of emergency due to COVID-19. It is in this sense, which the present study aimed to analyze the perceptions of students of the Pedagogical University of Maputo (UP-Maputo) in the use of electronic platforms as a resource to support classroom teaching during the State of Emergency. The research had a quanti-qualitative character, where the analysis and control of the different variables was foreseen. It consisted of collecting information on the objectives of operationalizing the teaching and learning process in the face of the COVID-19 pandemic, through the application of an electronically administered questionnaire. A sample of 1787 students was obtained, corresponding to 13.61% of the universe of students enrolled in the year 2020. The survey showed that most of the students, around 64% used some electronic platform to support their teaching and on-site learning process, after the declaration of a state of emergency the percentage of users of electronic platforms increased to 100%, highlighting the use of WhatsApp to the detriment of the others (SIGIUP, MOODLE® Institutional, Google Classroom and ZOOM®). The device they use, because 95% of the students access the platforms using their mobile phones, justifies the massive use of WhatsApp. Regarding the use of different electronic platforms, most of the students revealed a platform usage that varies from “Many Times” and “Always”. Students refer to the need for training in the use of the different platforms made available to them to support their teaching and learning process. The research made it possible to conclude that students are aware of the need to appropriate the new form of teaching they are subject to, despite having significant financial difficulties in the acquisition of internet packages and in the use of some of the electronic platforms made available for learning.

Intensifying Reading Instruction for Students With Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder: Practices to Support Classroom Instruction and Family–School Collaboration

Many students with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) also have reading deficits. These reading deficiencies in students with ADHD are likely to be more severe than those of students with only reading difficulties. To intensify reading instruction to improve reading and behavioral outcomes for students with ADHD, this article describes research-based practices which can be integrated into the classroom reading instruction as well as foster family–school collaboration.

Effect of Social Networking Sites on Students’ Engagement and Motivation in Computer Science in Bayelsa State, Nigeria

The use of Social Networking Sites (SNS) in the classroom is not a new phenomenon in educational research. Several researchers have investigated the use of SNS and its effect on students. This study investigated the use of Edmodo and Facebook as SNS for engaging senior secondary Computer Science students in Bayelsa State, Nigeria. The study adopted quasi experimental design. Eighty (80) S.S.II Computer Science students were purposively sampled and used for the study. Two research questions were answered, and two hypotheses tested at 0.05 level of significance. The Instruments used for data collection were titled “Computer Science Achievement Test” (CSAT) and “Students’ Engagement and Motivation toward Facebook and Edmodo Questionnaire” (SEMFEQ). CSAT pre-test and post-test was made up of 40 multiple choice questions while SEMFEQ was made up of two parts (A and B) and part B was made up of two sections (A and B of 25 items each). Data collected were analyzed using mean and standard deviation to answer research questions and independent t-test was used for the hypotheses. Cronbach Alpha was used to compute the internal consistency of SEMFEQ and a reliability coefficient of 0.88 was obtained. The findings revealed of the two dependent variables in this study; engagement and motivation that the first independent variable, Facebook had a higher significant effect on senior secondary Computer Science students than Edmodo, the second independent variable. Recommendations made based on the findings amongst others include incorporating these platforms to support classroom instruction.

Australian Mathematics Literacy Perspectives: Assessment

This is a companion paper and should be read with the earlier one (White, 2017) that focused mainly on Australian governmental policies. In this paper, a more classroom and student focus will be adopted while summarising a few of the salient points of the first paper. A brief listing of five different types of mathematical literacy is provided. The definition used by the Program for International Student Assessment (PISA) is selected andsome brief remarks are provided on this program. PISA items are presented in the form of word problems. If a country such as Australia or Indonesia wants to improve their PISA results then it would demand that some class time is devoted to the development of the abilities of younger students to handle word problems before they turn fifteen and are subjected to PISA. To support classroom teachers, Newman (1977, 1983) defined five specific mathematical literacy levels as crucial to performance on mathematical wordproblems: reading, comprehension, transformation, process skills, and encoding. Newman's Error Analysis (NEA) provides a framework for considering the reasons that underlay the difficulties students experience with mathematical word problems and a process that assists teachers to determine where misunderstandings occur. NEA also provides directions for where teachers could target effective teaching strategies to overcome them. There is a brief discussion of strategies to assist students improve theirmathematical literacy.