Ascorbic Acid Supplementation Research Articles

Ascorbic Acid Supplementation Improves Adolescent Stress-induced Cognitive Impairment Through Restoration of Behavioral, Biochemical and Electrophysiological Alterations in Male Rats

The present research study aimed to investigate the role of Ascorbic acid (AA) on synaptic plasticity, learning, and memory impairment induced by unpredicted chronic mild stress (CUMS) in adolescent male rats. Adolescent male rats were divided into: 1) vehicle, 2) CUMS, 3–5) CUMS plus various doses of AA by oral gavage (CUMS-10/100/400 mg/kg), and 6) AA400 mg/kg by oral gavage. In Morris Water Maze, the time latency decreased, while the time spent in the target quadrant increased in CUMS group treated with AA at the dose of 400 mg/kg. In passive avoidance, the latency of entering into the dark chamber decreased in CUMS group treated with AA (400 mg/kg). In biochemical test results, nitrite and MDA significantly decreased, while thiol content, SOD, and catalase activity in CUMS group that received AA400mg/kg was increased. IL-10, BDNF and Ki67 increased, while TNF-a and AChE activity were decreased in CUMS group treated with AA simultaneously. The results of our study showed that chronic stress during adolescence could cause learning and memory disorders as well as synaptic plasticity. In addition, we showed that AA can prevent this problem by reducing oxidative stress, inflammation, increasing the amount of BDNF, and neurogenesis.

Effect of Dietary Vitamin C Supplementation on Growth Performance and Biochemical Parameters in Grower Walleye Pollock, Gadus chalcogrammus.

The optimal dietary vitamin C (VC) levels for walleye pollock (Gadus chalcogrammus) remain undefined. This study aimed to assess the effect of dietary VC levels on the growth performance and biochemical parameters of grower walleye pollock and determine the optimal VC level for their diet. Six experimental diets (VC0, VC1, VC3, VC5, VC7, and VC10) with VC levels of 3.24, 21.92, 63.31, 101.42, 145.46, and 202.51 mg kg-1 diet, respectively, were fed to fish (initial mean weight: 173.5 ± 0.31 g) for 8 weeks. At the end of the feeding trial, fish fed the VC7 and VC10 diets exhibited significantly higher growth (final body weight, weight gain, and specific growth rate) and improved feed utilization (feed efficiency and protein efficiency ratio) compared with fish fed the VC0 diet (p < 0.05). The VC3-VC10 diets significantly reduced plasma superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity (p < 0.05). Compared with the VC0 group, fish fed the VC7 and VC10 diets showed significantly elevated growth hormone and insulin-like growth factor-1 levels in plasma (p < 0.05). In conclusion, dietary VC supplementation in walleye pollock improved growth performance and SOD activity. Moreover, broken-line analysis on weight gain indicated that the optimal dietary VC level for grower walleye pollock was approximately 156.42 mg kg-1 diet.

Effect of ascorbic acid supplementation on skin wound healing

Ascorbic acid is essential for proper synthesis of collagen fiber and intercellular.ground substance of connective tissueObjective of this study was to determine the effect of ascorbic acid supplementationmg once daily for l0 days in the treatment of wound skin incision about 2cm in555.length and 4mm in depthThirteen albino rabbit were used in this study (eight rabbits represent experimental.)group while five represent as a control groupThe result of general histological observation revealed rapid and active healingprocess through complete epithelization of the surface of incision site and colla enousg . .fibrous tissue formation in the incision wound of animals with ascorbic acidadministration while in control group incomplete epithelization and incomplete healing of.connective tissue of skin woundIt was concluded that the administration of ascorbic acid might be sufficient to promote wound healing&#x0D;

Does vitamin C supplementation in milk improve growth and health of diarrheic calves?

The objective of this study was to investigate how supplementing vitamin C (VC) in milk affects growth, starter intake, blood metabolites, and the health of young calves classified into healthy or diarrheic groups. Calves were classified as diarrheic if they experienced diarrhea for at least 3 days from birth to day 7, otherwise, they were classified as healthy (i.e., days with diarrhea < 3). From day 8 of age, a total of 48 Holstein calves were divided into four groups based on a 2 × 2 factorial arrangement, with calf health status (healthy or diarrheic) and VC supplementation (VC+ or VC–) to pasteurized milk (0 or 2 g/d; 50% purity) being the main experimental factors. Calves were fed equal amounts of milk until weaning (d 60). Calves continued to be monitored until they reached 74 days of age. Calves in the VC+ group were heavier at weaning (74.3 vs. 72.2 kg; P = 0.04) compared to those calves that did not receive VC. Blood total antioxidant capacity (d 53 and 67) and superoxide dismutase activity (d 53) were greater (P < 0.01) in VC+ vs. VC– calves. Calf health status and VC supplementation interacted (P = 0.03) for blood β-hydroxybutyrate on d 53, with the lowest concentration observed in diarrheic/VC– calves. Calves in the diarrheic group had a lower total antioxidant capacity (P = 0.01) but a greater neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio on d 53 and 67 (P < 0.01) than calves in the healthy group. Before weaning (d 53), neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio was greater, but hemoglobin was lower (P = 0.02) in calves classified into the diarrheic group that did not receive supplemental VC. The number of days medicated for diarrhea treatment was lower in VC+ calves than those in VC– group (1.73 vs. 2.47 days; P = 0.05). Overall, VC supplementation in pasteurized milk improved calf growth and health. Calves that experienced elevated episodes of diarrhea within the first week of life benefited more from supplemental VC than those classified into the healthy group.

Combined supplementation of hydroxyproline and vitamin C improved the growth and flesh quality of Pacific white shrimp (Litopenaeus vanname) cultured in low salinity water

This study investigated the effects of hydroxyproline (Hyp) and vitamin C (VC) addition to practical diet on growth and flesh quality of Pacific white shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) cultured in low salinity water. The control diet was formulated to contain 200 g/kg fish meal (FM20), and then 14 g/kg coated hydroxyproline (50%) (FM20H), 2 g/kg L-ascorbyl-2-phosphate (38%) (FM20C) and their combination (FM20HC) were added to the control diet to form four isoproteic (41.6%) and isolipidic (6.7%) diets. Pacific white shrimp with initial body weight of (1.50 ± 0.05) g were fed the above four diets in low salinity water (salinity 1‰) for 8 weeks. The results showed that the combined supplementation of Hyp and VC (FM20HC) increased the weight gain by 13.4%, and decreased the feed conversion ratio by 0.18 (P < 0.05), while the individual supplementation (FM20H and FM20C groups) just numerically promoted the growth (P > 0.05). In addition, the FM20HC group also showed higher protein and lipid retention than the FM20 group (P < 0.05). In flesh quality, the supplementation of Hyp (FM20H) increased total collagen and heat-soluble collagen contents, flesh chewiness and free flavor amino acids contents (P < 0.05). The supplementation of VC (FM20C) increased the contents of total collagen, heat-insoluble collagen and free flavor amino acids, and decreased flesh lactic acid, malondialdehyde contents and steaming loss (P < 0.05). The combined supplementation of Hyp and VC (FM20HC) showed higher total collagen and heat-insoluble collagen contents than the individual supplementation (FM20H and FM20C) (P < 0.05), and the myofiber density, flesh hardness and shear force in the FM20HC group were also significantly higher than those in the control (P < 0.05). In summary, the combined supplementation of hydroxyproline and VC in practical diet with fishmeal content of 200 g/kg significantly improved the growth performance and flesh quality of L. vannamei cultured in low salinity water.

Antioxidant effect of vitamin C on asthmatic patients

Objective: To investigate the effect of vitamin C supplementation in decreasing asthma severity, medications, and improving pulmonary function tests (PFTs). Methodology: Search of electronic databases was conducted to identify relevant studies published from January 2010 up to November 2023. A total of 105 records were initially identified. After filtering and screening, just 9 studies met the inclusion criteria; 3 were reviews, while the remaining 6 were original. Of the original studies, one was experimental, performed on 24 male Balb/c mice while the remaining 5 were performed on 969 asthmatic patients. Except for the experimental study, the selected studies were performed in different settings and on different ethnicities at the age of seven years and over. Results: The results showed antioxidant effects of vitamin C in asthmatic patients and experimental models. The studies showed that vitamin-C supplements significantly contributed to the reduction in asthma severity, number of attacks, admission rate, and asthma medications. Also, improvement of PFTs and suppression of asthma phenotype features in asthma mouse models. Only one review showed non-significant improvement in symptoms and PFTs, with significant improvement in malondialdehyde level and superoxide dismutase activity. Conclusion: Vitamin C supplementation to asthmatic patients showed improvements in asthma symptoms and PFTs, decreases the dose of asthma medications through potentiation of their efficacy, and less reactive response in asthma mouse model.

Benefits of watermelon juice and ascorbic acid supplementation on Institut de Sélection Animale brown layers managed under hot climate

Loss of homeostasis and poor egg production are common in laying hens during hot season. These negative effects of extreme ambient temperature have resulted in great economic losses to poultry farmers in the tropical regions. This study investigated benefits of supplementing watermelon juice (WJ) and ascorbic acid (AA) to ISA Brown (IB) hens managed under hot climate on productive performance and some hormonal responses. Ninety-six IB pullets aged 34 weeks were randomly allotted to four groups (C, T1, T2, and T3), each containing 24 in triplicates. The control group (C) was given water with neither WJ nor AA. Water given to groups T1, T2 was supplemented with 20% and 40% WJ, respectively, while T3 was supplemented with 200mg AA/litre of water. The results show a significant (P≤0.05) increase in water intake in T3 compared to other groups. Total egg production, daily egg production and hen-day egg production were significantly (P≤0.05) improved by the supplements, as total egg weights improved in T1:(272.2 ± 35.16g) and T2:(272.1 ± 35.06g) compared to C:(212.2 ± 25.06g) and T3:(238.5 ± 19.23g). The supplements caused 24.46%, 22.70% and 9.43% rise in percentage egg production in groups T1, T2, and T3 respectively. Serum corticosterone (C:10.88 ± 1.12; T1:10.20 ± 1.06; T2:9.61 ± 0.792; T3:7.23 ± 2.36ng/mL) and thyroxine levels (C:1.45 ± 0.562; T1:0.41 ± 0.109; T2:0.39 ± 0.367; T3:0.60 ± 0.489μg/dL) decreased significantly (P≤0.05) in supplemented layers, while serum prolactin and triiodothyronine differed non-statistically. In conclusion, WJ and AA supplementation ameliorated heat stress in IB layers managed under hot climate as it significantly lowered corticosterone and improved egg production. Therefore, supplementing 20%, 40%WJ or 200mg AA/litre in water is recommended for managing heat stress in IB layer chickens

Evaluation of the Effect of Zinc, Quercetin, Bromelain and Vitamin C on COVID-19 Patients

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is an infectious disease caused by a new strain of coronavirus. There are three phases of COVID-19: early infection stage, pulmonary stage and hyper-inflammation stage respectively. It is important to prevent lung or other organs injuries by preventing phase-II and phase-III via pharmacological or non-pharmacological treatments. This was a case series study done on twenty-two patients confirmed to be infected with SARS-CoV-2 and diagnosed with COVID-19. Patients in this study have been used quercetin 800 mg, bromelain 165 mg, zinc acetate 50 mg and ascorbic acid 1 g once daily as supplements for 3 to 5 days during SARS-CoV-2 infection. The aim of this study is to evaluate the safety and efficacy of quercetin, bromelain, zinc and ascorbic acid combination supplements on patients with COVID-19. The mean levels of WBC, ANC, ALC, AMC and AST were normal among all included patients before and after taking quercetin, bromelain, zinc and ascorbic acid supplements (P-value &gt;0.05). Quercetin 800 mg, bromelain 165 mg, zinc acetate 50 mg and ascorbic acid 1 g once daily supplements were safe for patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 and may prevent poor prognosis. Randomized clinical trials needed in the future to ensure the efficacy of quercetin, bromelain, zinc and vitamin C combination.

Effect of Dietary Supplementation of Giloy (Tinospora Cordifolia)Herb and Ascorbic Acid Along with Different Bedding Materials on Cost Economics of Japanese Quail Rearing

The present studywas conducted during October, 2020 to April, 2021 at the Poultry unit, Livestock Farm Complex, College of Veterinary and Animal Science, Bikaner, Rajasthan University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Bikaner, Rajasthan, India to investigate the effects of Giloy and ascorbic acid supplementation along with different bedding materials (sand, saw dust and wheat straw) on cost economics of Japanese quails rearing for 24 weeks .Four hundred thirty two (432) laying Japanese quails (7 day old) were divided into three of different bedding material and each bedding material group further subdivided into four groups on the basis of supplementation (control, Giloy, ascorbic acid and combination of both). Thus, birds were randomly and uniformly distributed in total 12 treatment groups comprising of 36 birds in each group and each group further divided into two replicates comprising 18 birds in each replicate. Quails were fed a basal diet and the basal diet supplemented with 5 g kg-1 giloy supplement of diet, 240 mg of ascorbic acid kg-1 supplement of diet and a combination of 5 g kg-1 giloy and 240 mg of ascorbic acid kg-1 supplement of diet. The net profit/bird based on overall interaction effect was found highest in the group supplemented with giloy alone and reared on wheat straw as bedding material followed by saw dust and sand bedding material group, which were supplemented with giloy alone, respectively. The present study shows that dietary supplementation of giloyalong with wheat straw bedding material is beneficial for cost economics.

Production performance, haematological parameters, serum biochemistry, and expression of HSP-70 in broiler chickens fed dietary ascorbic acid during heat stress.

An experiment was carried out to assess the efficacy of supplemental ascorbic acid (AA) on broiler chicken production performance, blood haematological profile, biochemical profile, and carcass traits under heat stress conditions. A total of 192-day-old broiler chicks were divided into four groups, each with six replicates of eight each (4 × 6 × 8). Four corn-based dietary treatments were formulated: T1 (control diet), T2 (T1 + AA at 200mg/kg), T3 (T1 + AA at 400mg/kg), and T4 (T1 + AA at 600mg/kg) for a period of 42days. Despite the high temperature and humidity, the 600mg AA supplemental groups (T4) gained significantly (P ≤ 0.05) more body weight and had a higher feed intake and better feed conversion ratio (FCR) than the control group (T1). After 28days of feeding the three AA-supplemented diets, antibody titres (humoral immune response) were significantly higher (P ≤ 0.05). The response to intradermally injected phyto-haemagglutinin (PHA-P), an index of the in vivo cell-mediated immune response, was found to be increased (P ≤ 0.05) in the 400 and 600mg AA-supplemented groups after 35days. Higher levels of AA (T4) supplementation significantly (P ≤ 0.05) improved haematological values such as haemoglobin (Hb), total erythrocyte count (TEC), total leukocyte count (TLC), and differential leukocyte count (DLC), heterophil:lymphocyte (H:L) in comparison to the control group (T1). The supplemented group improved the serum biochemical profile of the birds, with an increase (P ≤ 0.05) in total serum protein, albumin, and globulin and a decrease in serum cholesterol and corticosterone levels in the T4 group compared to the control group. Heat shock protein-70 (HSP-70) was gradually elevated after increasing the ascorbic acid concentration (P ≤ 0.05) at 14 and 21days. As a result, it can be concluded that supplementing ascorbic acid at 600mg/kg is beneficial for improving the performance, immunity, and blood haematological biochemical profile and upregulating the HSP-70 gene of broiler chickens under heat stress conditions.

Cardiomyocyte precursors generated by direct reprogramming and molecular beacon selection attenuate ventricular remodeling after experimental myocardial infarction

BackgroundDirect cardiac reprogramming is currently being investigated for the generation of cells with a true cardiomyocyte (CM) phenotype. Based on the original approach of cardiac transcription factor-induced reprogramming of fibroblasts into CM-like cells, various modifications of that strategy have been developed. However, they uniformly suffer from poor reprogramming efficacy and a lack of translational tools for target cell expansion and purification. Therefore, our group has developed a unique approach to generate proliferative cells with a pre-CM phenotype that can be expanded in vitro to yield substantial cell doses.MethodsCardiac fibroblasts were reprogrammed toward CM fate using lentiviral transduction of cardiac transcriptions factors (GATA4, MEF2C, TBX5, and MYOCD). The resulting cellular phenotype was analyzed by RNA sequencing and immunocytology. Live target cells were purified based on intracellular CM marker expression using molecular beacon technology and fluorescence-activated cell sorting. CM commitment was assessed using 5-azacytidine-based differentiation assays and the therapeutic effect was evaluated in a mouse model of acute myocardial infarction using echocardiography and histology. The cellular secretome was analyzed using mass spectrometry.ResultsWe found that proliferative CM precursor-like cells were part of the phenotype spectrum arising during direct reprogramming of fibroblasts toward CMs. These induced CM precursors (iCMPs) expressed CPC- and CM-specific proteins and were selectable via hairpin-shaped oligonucleotide hybridization probes targeting Myh6/7-mRNA–expressing cells. After purification, iCMPs were capable of extensive expansion, with preserved phenotype when under ascorbic acid supplementation, and gave rise to CM-like cells with organized sarcomeres in differentiation assays. When transplanted into infarcted mouse hearts, iCMPs prevented CM loss, attenuated fibrotic scarring, and preserved ventricular function, which can in part be attributed to their substantial secretion of factors with documented beneficial effect on cardiac repair.ConclusionsFibroblast reprogramming combined with molecular beacon-based cell selection yields an iCMP-like cell population with cardioprotective potential. Further studies are needed to elucidate mechanism-of-action and translational potential.Graphical

Facile preparation of carbon dots with multicolor emission for fluorescence detection of ascorbic acid, glutathione and moisture content

The nitrogen-doped carbon dots (N-CDs) with multicolor emission (green, yellow, and red) were fabricated with naphthalenetetracarboxylic dianhydride as carbon precursor, and different alkylamines as passive agents. The structures of the as-prepared carbon dots were confirmed by the Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectrum, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) spectra, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Raman spectra, and X-ray diffraction (XRD) pattern. The characterized results and UV–vis absorption spectrum demonstrated that the luminescence variations of different CDs were probably attributed to the difference of N-related states, oxygen-containing groups, and oxidation degree in the CDs structure. Moreover, the green emitting CDs (G-CDs) could be utilized as fluorescent probe for ascorbic acid (AA) detection with detection limit (LOD) of 5 μM. The yellow emitting CDs (Y-CDs) could be used to detect glutathione (GSH) in the range of 1–70 μM with LOD of 0.07 μM. The red emitting CDs (R-CDs) could detect the water content in THF, DMF, acetone, and EtOH with LODs of 0.44%, 0.31%, 0.55% and 0.55%, respectively. Remarkably, G-CDs and Y-CDs can distinguish AA and GSH respectively with high selectivity and accuracy. Finally, the fluorescent probes based on G-CDs and Y-CDs were successfully applied for the AA and GSH determination in vitamin C tablet, grapefruit juice, and GSH whitening serum samples with high reliability and feasibility, which provided the guidance for the selection of AA and GSH supplements.

Effects of vitamin C supplementation on Chinese sausage-induced liver damage in rats

Contamination of nitrosamine compounds in Chinese sausages and the relevant hepatoxicity have been reported. This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of vitamin C (VC) supplementation on Chinese sausage contaminated with N-nitrosodimethylamine (NDMA)-induced liver damage and relevant metabolomic changes. Rats were orally administered with Chinese sausage contaminated with NDMA at levels overpassing its safety limit. In some experiments, VC was additionally administered via drinking water to the rats for 25 weeks. Serum samples were collected from the rats for the measurement of the metabolomic profiles by using gas chromatography–mass spectrometry. Compared with the group administered with Chinese sausages alone, in rats with additional VC treatment, all serum biochemical parameters indicating hepatic damage were significantly alleviated, which suggested an improved hepatic function by VC supplementation. Metabonomic analysis of the serum samples showed notable changes in metabolites in VC-supplemented group as compared to that with sausage alone, especially for those involved in the regulation of amino acid or energy or lipid metabolism and/or anti-oxidative function. This study indicates that VC supplement in parallel with long-term exposure to Chinese sausage may attenuate liver damage and promote the recovery of liver function.

Effects of functional nutrients on chicken intestinal epithelial cells induced with oxidative stress.

The objective of this study was to investigate the protective effects of functional nutrients including various functional amino acids, vitamins, and minerals on chicken intestinal epithelial cells (cIECs) treated with oxidative stress. The cIECs were isolated from specific pathogen free eggs. Cells were exposed to 0 mM supplement (control), 20 mM threonine (Thr), 0.4 mM tryptophan (Trp), 1 mM glycine (Gly), 10 μM vitamin C (VC), 40 μM vitamin E (VE), 5 μM vitamin A (VA), 34 μM chromium (Cr), 0.42 μM selenium (Se), and 50 μM zinc (Zn) for 24 h with 6 replicates for each treatment. After 24 h, cells were further incubated with fresh culture medium (positive control, PC) or 1 mM H2O2 with different supplements (negative control, NC and each treatment). Oxidative stress was measured by cell proliferation, whereas tight junction barrier function was analyzed by fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC)-dextran permeability and transepithelial electrical resistance (TEER). Results indicated that cell viability and TEER values were less (p < 0.05) in NC treatments with oxidative stress than in PC treatments. In addition, FITC-dextran values were greater (p < 0.05) in NC treatments with oxidative stress than in PC treatments. The supplementations of Thr, Trp, Gly, VC, and VE in cells treated with H2O2 showed greater (p < 0.05) cell viability than the supplementation of VA, Cr, Se, and Zn. The supplementations of Trp, Gly, VC, and Se in cells treated with H2O2 showed the least (p < 0.05) cellular permeability. In addition, the supplementation of Thr, VE, VA, Cr, and Zn in cells treated with H2O2 decreased (p < 0.05) cellular permeability. At 48 h, the supplementations of Thr, Trp, and Gly in cells treated with H2O2 showed the greatest (p < 0.05) TEER values among all treatments, and the supplementations of VC and VE in cells treated with H2O2 showed greater (p < 0.05) TEER values than the supplementations of VA, Cr, Se, and Zn in cells treated with H2O2. In conclusion, Thr, Trp, Gly, and VC supplements were effective in improving cell viability and intestinal barrier function of cIECs exposed to oxidative stress.

Enhancement of recombinant human interleukin-22 production by fusing with human serum albumin and supplementing N-acetylcysteine in Pichia Pastoris

Interleukin-22 (IL-22) plays an important role in the treatment of organ failure, which can induce anti-apoptotic and proliferative signaling pathways; Nevertheless, the practical utilization of IL-22 is hindered by the restricted efficacy of its production. Pichia pastoris presents a viable platform for both industrial and pharmaceutical applications. In this study, we successfully generated a fusion protein consisting of truncated human serum albumin and human IL-22 (HSA-hIL-22) using P. pastoris, and examined the impact of antioxidants on HSA-hIL-22 production. We have achieved the production of HSA-hIL-22 in the culture medium at a yield of approximately 2.25 mg/ml. Moreover, 0–40 mM ascorbic acid supplementation did not significantly affect HSA-hIL-22 production or the growth rate of the recombinant strain. However, 80 mM ascorbic acid treatment had a detrimental effect on the expression of HSA-hIL-22. In addition, 5–10 mM N-acetyl-l-cysteine (NAC) resulted in an increase of HSA-hIL-22 production, accompanied by a reduction in the growth rate of the recombinant strain. Conversely, 20–80 mM NAC supplementation inhibited the growth of the recombinant strains and reduced intact HSA-hIL-22 production. However, neither NAC nor ascorbic acid exhibited any effect on superoxide dismutase (SOD) and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels, except that NAC increased GSH content. Furthermore, our findings indicate that recombinant HSA-hIL-22, which demonstrated the ability to stimulate the proliferation of HepG2 cells, possesses bioactivity. In addition, NAC did not affect HSA-hIL-22 bioactivity. In conclusion, our study demonstrates that NAC supplementation can enhance the secretion of functional HSA-hIL-22 proteins produced in P. pastoris without compromising their activity.

Ascorbic Acid and Calcium Silicate Improve MorphoPhysiological Characteristics of Cadmium Stressed Mung Bean Crop

A rise in heavy metal contamination especially in the rhizosphere affecting the growth and yield of crops is a major concern. We aimed to study the influence of using calcium silicate (CS) and ascorbic acid (AsA) supplements on lowering the impact of cadmium-induced toxicityin mung bean. Both the supplements alone or in combination improved growth characteristics of cadmium (Cd) stressed mung bean plants like root-shoot length and fresh-dry weight. Leaf pigments like chlorophyll and carotenoids were also restored. A significant improvement in the relative leaf water content (RLWC) and low electrolyte leakage (EL) at the membrane was recorded. Results were more promising when combinations of CS and AsA treatments were used against the lower concentration of cadmium. Hence, both CS and AsA interact synergistically to alleviate Cd induced metal toxicity in mung bean plants.

Vitamin C and vitamin D3 alleviate metabolic-associated fatty liver disease by regulating the gut microbiota and bile acid metabolism via the gut-liver axis.

Background: Previous studies have demonstrated that both vitamin C (VC) and vitamin D3 (VD3) have therapeutic potential against metabolic disorders, including obesity, diabetes, and metabolic-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD). However, it is unclear whether VC supplementation is associated with improving the intestinal flora and regulating the metabolism of bile acids via the gut-liver axis in MAFLD. There is still no direct comparison or combination study of these two vitamins on these effects. Methods: In this study, we employed biochemical, histological, 16S rDNA-based microbiological, non-targeted liver metabolomic, and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction analyses to explore the intervening effect and mechanism of VC and VD3 on MAFLD by using a high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obese mouse model. Results: Treatment of mice with VC and VD3 efficiently reversed the characteristics of MAFLD, such as obesity, dyslipidemia, insulin resistance, hepatic steatosis, and inflammation. VC and VD3 showed similar beneficial effects as mentioned above in HFD-induced obese mice. Interestingly, VC and VD3 reshaped the gut microbiota composition; improved gut barrier integrity; ameliorated oxidative stress and inflammation in the gut-liver axis; inhibited bile acid salt reflux-related ASBT; activated bile acid synthesis-related CYP7A1, bile acid receptor FXR, and bile acid transportation-related BSEP in the gut-liver axis; and improved bile secretion, thus decreasing the expression of FAS in the liver and efficiently ameliorating MAFLD in mice. Conclusion: Together, the results indicate that the anti-MAFLD activities of VC and VD3 are linked to improved gut-liver interactions via regulation of the gut microbiota and bile acid metabolism, and they may therefore prove useful in treating MAFLD clinically.

Comparative effect of vitamin complex and orange extract on physiological and blood parameters of transported pullets in humid tropics

The comparative modulating effects of synthetic and natural source of ascorbic acid (AA) were investigated on transporting pullet birds in the hot-dry season of humid tropics. Ninety-six 16 weeks Isa-brown pullets were randomly allotted in a completely randomized design into four treatments of oral vitamin supplementation 5 days before transportation i.e; T1 (ordinary water), T2 (synthetic vitamin), T3 (30% citrus-sweet orange), T4 (50% citrus-sweet orange). Birds were crated and transported for 3 hrs covering 135km at 45km/hr. Meteorological values were monitored during the journey and no mortality was recorded. The results revealed that treatments had a significant effect (p &lt; 0.05) on measured physiological parameters [body temperature (BTC), rectal temperature (RTC), respiratory rate (RR) and panting rate (PR)], hematological parameters and measured serum biochemical parameters as compared to the control group (T1). The treatments group of orange at different inclusion ratios (T3 and T4) compared well with pullet birds on oral supplementation of synthetic vitamin (T2) and were significantly different (p &lt; 0.05) from birds on control water treatment (T1). Birds on control (T1) had the highest values for all measured physiological parameters which were significantly different from other groups (p&lt;0.05). Birds in the control treatment (T1) were more stressed as compared to other treatment groups, indicated by increased hematological and serum biochemical parameters except for a decrease in hemoglobin (Hb) as compared to other treatments. It can be deduced from this study that the oral supplementation of natural source of ascorbic acid (Citrus sinensis) and synthetic vitamin supplement helps to ameliorate the effect of transportation stress. Citrus sinensis extract can be a suitable alternative that is readily available for farmers and stakeholders.

The time-course linkage between hemolysis, redox, and metabolic parameters during red blood cell storage with or without uric acid and ascorbic acid supplementation.

Oxidative phenomena are considered to lie at the root of the accelerated senescence observed in red blood cells (RBCs) stored under standard blood bank conditions. It was recently shown that the addition of uric (UA) and/or ascorbic acid (AA) to the preservative medium beneficially impacts the storability features of RBCs related to the handling of pro-oxidant triggers. This study constitutes the next step, aiming to examine the links between hemolysis, redox, and metabolic parameters in control and supplemented RBC units of different storage times. For this purpose, a paired correlation analysis of physiological and metabolism parameters was performed between early, middle, and late storage in each subgroup. Strong and repeated correlations were observed throughout storage in most hemolysis parameters, as well as in reactive oxygen species (ROS) and lipid peroxidation, suggesting that these features constitute donor-signatures, unaffected by the diverse storage solutions. Moreover, during storage, a general "dialogue" was observed between parameters of the same category (e.g., cell fragilities and hemolysis or lipid peroxidation and ROS), highlighting their interdependence. In all groups, extracellular antioxidant capacity, proteasomal activity, and glutathione precursors of preceding time points anticorrelated with oxidative stress lesions of upcoming ones. In the case of supplemented units, factors responsible for glutathione synthesis varied proportionally to the levels of glutathione itself. The current findings support that UA and AA addition reroutes the metabolism to induce glutathione production, and additionally provide mechanistic insight and footing to examine novel storage optimization strategies.

High Dietary Cation and Anion Difference and High-Dose Ascorbic Acid Modify Acid–Base and Antioxidant Balance in Dairy Goats Fed under Tropical Conditions

High ambient temperature (HTa) causes acid-base imbalance and systemic oxidative stress, and this may indirectly affect the mammary gland. Furthermore, HTa induces intracellular oxidative stress, which has been proposed to affect cell metabolism directly. We previously showed in dairy goats that the negative effect of HTa was compromised by enhancing heat dissipation during a high dietary cation and anion difference (DCAD) regimen. Moreover, high-dose vitamin C or ascorbic acid (AA) supplements have been used to manage oxidative stress in ruminants. The present study hypothesized that high DCAD and AA supplements that could alleviate the HTa effect would influence the milk synthesis pathway and mammary gland function. The results showed that goats fed with high DCAD had higher blood pH than control goats in the 4th week. The high dose of AA supplement decreases urine pH in the 8th week. The percent reduction of urine pH from the AA supplement was significant in the DCAD group. The high-dose AA supplement decreased plasma glutathione peroxidase activity and malonaldehyde. This effect was enhanced by a high DCAD supplement. In addition, supplementation with AA increased milk protein and citrate and decreased milk FFA. These alterations indicate the intracellular biochemical pathway of energy metabolism and milk synthesis. It can be concluded that a high DCAD regimen and AA supplement in dairy goats fed under HTa could influence the milk synthesis pathway. The evidence suggests that HTa decreases mammary gland function by modification of acid-base homeostasis and oxidative stress.