Fiber Supplementation Research Articles

The effect of high-fibre diets on glycaemic control in women with diabetes in pregnancy: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

We searched four databases (Cochrane Library, MEDLINE, Embase and Web of Science) to identify RCTs exploring the effect of dietary fibre, high-fibre diets or fibre supplementation on fasting blood glucose (FBG), 2-h postprandial blood glucose (PBG) and requirement for insulin therapy, among other glycaemic makers in pregnant women with diabetes. Data were pooled for each outcome to calculate change from baseline mean (SD) and overall mean difference (MD) between control and intervention groups. Of 1462 identified studies, data from 20 eligible trials containing 1061 participants were pooled. On meta-analysis, a higher fibre intake was associated with reduced FBG (MD: -0.35 mmol/L, 95% CI: -0.53, -0.18, p < 0.01), PBG (MD: -0.90 mmol/L, 95% CI: -1.39, -0.40, p < 0.01) and requirement for insulin (OR: 0.24, 95% CI: 0.13, 0.46, p < 0.01). There was significant heterogeneity for FBG and PBG (>90%), attributable to differences in Intervention type for PBG (Dietary Approach to Stop Hypertension [DASH] diet, low glycaemic index, supplement; p < 0.01) and study duration (for FBG: p = 0.002; not for PBG). Studies were mostly scored as high risk of bias due to lack of blinding (Cochrane Risk of Bias Tool v.2.0). High-quality dietary intervention studies in pregnancy are lacking. Our results suggest that high-fibre diets improve fasting and postprandial glycaemia and reduce the likelihood of requiring insulin in women with diabetes in pregnancy.

Potential of Fiber and Probiotics to Fight Against the Effects of PhIP + DSS-Induced Carcinogenic Process of the Large Intestine.

We determined the in vivo counteracting effect of fiber and probiotic supplementation on colonic mucosal damage and alterations in gut microbiota caused by 2-amino-1-methyl-6-phenylimidazo [4,5-b] pyridine (PhIP) and sodium dextran sulfate (DSS). Male Fischer-344 rats were randomly divided into 4 groups: control (standard diet), PhIP + DSS group (standard diet + PhIP + DSS), fiber (fiber diet + PhIP + DSS), and probiotic (probiotic diet + PhIP + DSS). The intake of PhIP + DSS for 3 weeks induced colonic mucosal erosion, crypt loss, and inflammation, and the distal colon was more severely damaged. Fiber alleviated colonic mucosal damage by reducing crypt loss and inflammation, while the probiotic increased colon length. The intake of PhIP + DSS increased the fecal relative abundance of Clostridia UCG014 along the intervention, in contrast to the lower abundances of these taxa found after PhIP + DSS administration in the rats supplemented with probiotics or fiber. Fiber supplementation mitigated the histological damage caused by PhIP + DSS shifting the gut microbiota toward a reduction of pro-inflammatory taxa.

Development of shoulder osteoarthritis and bone lesions in female and male rats subjected to a high fat/sucrose diet

Oligofructose prebiotic fiber supplementation has been reported to mitigate the effects of a high fat/high sucrose diet and reduce knee joint degeneration in male rats. However, few studies investigated the development of osteoarthritis and bone lesions as a function of sex and in joints other than the knee. This study was aimed at to quantifying the effect of a HFS diet and prebiotic fiber supplementation on shoulder joint health in male and female Sprague-Dawley rats. Rats were randomized into 6 groups: 2 groups fed a chow diet: Chow-Male n = 11, Chow-female n = 12; 2 groups fed a HFS diet: HFS-Male n = 11, HFS-Female n = 12; and 2 groups fed a prebiotic fiber supplement in addition to the HFS diet: Fiber-Male n = 6, Fiber- Female n = 12. After 12 weeks, shoulder joints were histologically assessed for OA. Body composition, serum lipid profile, insulin resistance and fecal microbiota were also assessed. Shoulders in male and female rats appear to be protected against degeneration when exposed to a HFS diet. Male rats developed bone lesions while females did not. Fiber supplementation was more effective in males than in females suggesting that fiber supplementation may have sex-specific effects on the gut microbiota.

Effectiveness and costs of the recruitment strategies used in the MetA-Bone trial, a randomized clinical trial to test the effects of soluble corn fiber supplementation for 1 year in children

Background: Pediatric recruitment into clinical trials is very challenging. A recruitment plan was designed to recruit healthy children (9–14 years) in a trial testing the 1-year effect of corn soluble fiber supplementation on bone mass. We evaluated the effectiveness and costs of the recruitment strategies used in this trial. Methods: The recruitment plan included “Traditional” (mailings, flyers, posters, visits, snowball, etc.) or “Online” (email campaigns, social media, website, etc.) strategies. All strategies led to the pre-screening online form, which asked how they learned about the study. This analysis includes the number of pre-screenings and enrollment (consents signed), ineligibility, socio-demographics, and costs per strategy. Differences were analyzed using ANOVA or chi-square. Results: 649 individuals completed the pre-screening; 37.1 % came from “Traditional”, 46.7 % from “Online”, 2.6 % from “Other”, and 13.6 % from “Unknown” strategies. The most successful strategies were related to Florida International University (posting flyers around campus and email campaigns). The main reasons for ineligibility were obesity (38.9 %) or outside the age range (22.7 %). A total of 48.4 % of the children enrolled came from “Traditional”, 50.2 % from “Online”, and 1.4 % from “Other” strategies. The cost per screened participant was $1112 for “Traditional” and $512 for “Online” strategies, and the cost per enrolled participant was $2704 for “Traditional” and $1454 for “Online” strategies. The highest costs were staff salary. Conclusion: “Online” strategies were more effective and had a lower implementation cost than “Traditional” strategies, although these were also important in achieving the recruitment goal. Future pediatric trials should consider some of these strategies and their costs.ClinicalTrials.gov registry number: NCT02916862

Effects Of Fermentable Fiber And Polyphenol Supplementation On Mood And Cognition During Hypobaric Hypoxia Exposure

Effects Of Fermentable Fiber And Polyphenol Supplementation On Mood And Cognition During Hypobaric Hypoxia Exposure

Effect of fruits granola (Frugra®) consumption on blood pressure reduction and intestinal microbiome in patients undergoing hemodialysis

Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are a major cause of death in patients undergoing hemodialysis (HD). Blood pressure (BP) and uremic toxins are well-known risk factors for CVDs, which are influenced by diet. Dietary fiber supplementation in patients undergoing HD may reduce the risk of CVDs by improving lipid profiles and inflammatory status and lowering the levels of the uremic toxin indoxyl sulfate (IS). In this study, we investigated the relationship between the intestinal microbiota and risk factors for CVDs, such as BP and serum IS, in patients undergoing HD who consumed fruits granola (FGR). The study participants were selected from patients undergoing HD at the Izu Nagaoka Daiichi Clinic and consumed FGR for 2 months. Body composition and blood samples were tested at months 0, 1, 2 and fecal samples were collected at months 0 and 2 for intestinal microbiota analysis. FGR consumption decreased systolic and diastolic BP, estimated salt intake, and serum IS levels and improved the stool characteristics according to the Bristol Stool Form Scale (N = 24). Gut microbiota analysis showed an increase in the alpha diversity and abundance of Blautia and Neglecta. The abundance of lactic acid- and ethanol-producing bacteria also significantly increased, whereas the abundance of indole-producing bacteria significantly decreased. FGR consumption could be a useful tool for salt reduction, fiber supplementation, and improvement of the intestinal environment, thus contributing to improvement of BP and the reduction of other risk factors for CVDs in patients undergoing HD.

Effects of neoagarooligosaccharides on body fat and bowel movement indicators in overweight or obese adults: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial

The prevalence of obesity is increasing globally, and dietary fiber supplementation can aid in its treatment. This 12-week randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial examined the effect of Dyne-neoagarooligosaccharides (Dyne-NAOs), hydrolyzed from agar via β-agarase DagA, in overweight or obese adults. Eighty participants were randomly assigned using block randomization (1:1, block size 4) to receive either 15 g of Dyne-NAOs daily or a placebo (maltodextrin). After the intervention, body fat mass (−1.07 kg vs. −0.05 kg; p = 0.015) and body fat percentage (−1.04 % vs. −0.08 %; p = 0.018) were significantly lower in the NAO group than in the placebo group. The Constipation Scoring System (−1.42 vs. −0.06; p = 0.010) and Patient Assessment of Constipation-Symptoms (−3.28 vs. −0.42; p = 0.021), used to assess changes in bowel movements, also showed significant between-group differences. These findings suggest that Dyne-NAOs could be a promising anti-obesity dietary fiber supplement.

Evaluation of fibrous feed ingredients alternatives to oat hulls as a source of feed structure in broiler diets

This study aimed to evaluate several fibrous feed ingredients as potential substitutes for oat hulls (OH), assessing their efficacy in providing structural integrity to broiler feeds. A total of 4,160 day-old male Ross-308 broilers were allocated to eight dietary treatments, including a control group (CON) without additional fiber supplementation and 7 diets where 3% of the wheat content was replaced by either OH, soy hulls (SH), beet pulp (BP), carob bean (CB), wheat straw (WS), rice hulls (RH), or wheat bran (WB). The experimental design followed a complete randomized block design with 10 pens per treatment and 52 birds each. Growth performance and gut development indices were monitored, and the coefficients of total tract apparent retention (CTTAR) of nutrients were measured at 28 d. The OH improved feed conversion ratio (FCR) during the entire growth period (1-36 d) compared to the CON, SH, CB, WS, RH, and WB (P < 0.05). Conversely, BP diets reduced the final BW and ADFI compared to OH (P < 0.05) but were not different from the CON (P > 0.05). However, the FCR in birds fed with BP was similar to OH but lower than the CON group. In addition, BP-fed birds had higher CTTAR of ether extract and non-starch polysaccharides and relative weight of empty proventriculus and gizzard to BW at 14 and 28 d compared to CON. The WS, RH, and WB yielded similar final BW to OH and CON but higher FCR (P < 0.05). The CB, on the other hand, resulted in the highest FCR when contrasted with the other substitutes and CON (P < 0.05). Finding an alternative to OH with comparable benefits remains a challenge, with WS, RH, and WB showing similar final BW but inferior FCR to OH, and BP showing similar FCR but lower BW and ADFI.

The effect of fiber supplementation with agave fructans or psyllium plantago in symptoms of constipation and its relation with whole and regional transit time and pH.

Supplementation with the Agave tequilana Weber blue variety fructans is a feasible treatment option for functional constipation (FC). However, its effects on colonic function have not yet been studied. This study assessed whole gut transit time (WGTT) and regional transit time using a wireless motility capsule (WMC) before and after supplementation with different fiber treatments in patients with FC. A secondary analysis was performed on data collected from a randomized, double-blind clinical trial comparing agave fructans with psyllium plantago. WGTT, regional transit time, contractility, and pH were measured using WMC before and after fiber supplementation. Comparisons were performed using nonparametric tests. Twenty patients with FC were evaluated, with a median age of 39 (25-54 years), and 18 (90%) were women. Five patients were included in each intervention group. There were no changes in WGTT or regional transit times between the groups (p > 0.05). Similarly, there were no differences in the changes experienced by regional or general contractility among the groups (p > 0.05). The cecal pH profile did not differ between the groups before and after fiber supplementation (p > 0.05). The percentages of clinical responses and consistency of bowel movements between the groups were similar. FC presents a clinical response to a fiber challenge, regardless of the administered intervention. However, this response was not associated with improvement in contractility or regional transit time. We speculate that there are other mechanisms by which fiber consumption may improve FC.

Abstract P379: High Fiber Diet Attenuates Age-dependent Hypertension, Gut Dysbiosis, and Cognitive Impairment in Male Sprague Dawley Rats

Hypothesis: Gut dysbiosis contributes to age-dependent hypertension (HTN) driven cognitive impairment (CI), that is attenuated by prebiotic dietary fiber supplementation. Methods: In 3 and 16 month old (M) male Sprague Dawley rats, 3M rats receiving a fecal microbiota transplant (FMT) from 16M rats, and 16M rats fed a 6 week high prebiotic fiber (HPF) diet (n=4-6), BP, cognition (novel object recognition), paraventricular nucleus (PVN) and hippocampal blood brain barrier (BBB) integrity (FITC extravasation) and neuroinflammation (IBA1 and GFAP), gut microbiota taxonomy (by WGS) and short chain fatty acid (SCFA) levels (by GC-MS) were assessed. Results: 16M rats exhibit gut dysbiosis, HTN, hippocampal BBB disruption and neuroinflammation, and CI. FMT to 3M rats evoked HTN and gut dysbiosis (3M vs 3M + FMT: Cecal Bray-Curtis b diversity PCoA Species Bacteria, P=&lt;0.05). Linear Discriminant Analysis shows enrichment of cecal a) Lactobacillales (associated with lower BP) in 3M rats (LDA Log 10 4.69, P=0.022), b) Alistipes putrendenis in 16M rats (LDA Log 10 3.98, P=0.005), c) the Bacteroides genera (increased in HTN) in 3M + FMT rats (LDA Log 10 4.34, P=0.015). HPF attenuated gut dysbiosis (16M vs 16M + HPF: Fecal Bray-Curtis b Diversity PCoA Species Bacteria, P&lt;0.05, PCoA MetaCyc, P&lt;0.05; 16M pre vs post HPF: Fecal Bray-Curtis b Diversity PCoA Species Bacteria, P&lt;0.05), increased SCFA levels, reduced BP, and improved PVN and hippocampal BBB disruption, hippocampal neuroinflammation and CI. Conclusions: Gut dysbiosis contributes to age-dependent HTN-driven CI. HPF supplementation, a readily implementable lifestyle intervention, attenuates HTN-driven CI via mechanisms independent of current antihypertensive medications.

Impact of Combined Prebiotic Galacto-Oligosaccharides and Bifidobacterium breve-Derived Postbiotic on Gut Microbiota and HbA1c in Prediabetic Adults: A Double-Blind, Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Study.

The complex interactions between intestinal microbiota and metabolic disorders are well-documented, with implications for glucose metabolism, energy expenditure, and intestinal permeability. Prebiotics induce beneficial changes in gut microbiota composition in prediabetes, while postbiotics can enhance gut barrier function, complementing each other to improve glucose metabolism and insulin sensitivity. This study investigated the effects of a 12-week dietary fibre (DF) supplement on gut health, metabolic function, and diet. The supplement contained konjac glucomannan (KGM), galacto-oligosaccharides (GOSs), and exopolysaccharides (EPSs) from Bifidobacterium breve. In a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-group clinical trial, 53 prediabetic volunteers were randomly assigned to either a daily DF supplement (YMETA) or a placebo (cellulose microcrystalline) for 12 weeks, followed by a 4-week follow-up. Measurements included gut microbiota composition, glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c), fasting plasma glucose (FPG), plasma lipids, anthropometry, body composition, blood pressure, and dietary intake. The intervention group showed a significant increase in alpha diversity and butyrate-producing bacteria, with reductions in HbA1c and FPG levels below prediabetes thresholds. No significant changes were observed in the placebo group. This study suggests that manipulating the human gut microbiome through dietary interventions could be a promising therapeutic approach to managing prediabetes and preventing or delaying diabetes.

Weight, habitual fibre intake, and microbiome composition predict tolerance to fructan supplementation

Fructans are commonly used as dietary fibre supplements for their ability to promote the growth of beneficial gut microbes. However, fructan consumption has been associated with various dosage-dependent side effects. We characterised side effects in an exploratory analysis of a randomised trial in healthy adults (n = 40) who consumed 18 g/day inulin or placebo. We found that individuals weighing more or habitually consuming higher fibre exhibited the best tolerance. Furthermore, we identified associations between gut microbiome composition and host tolerance. Specifically, higher levels of Christensenellaceae R-7 group were associated with gastrointestinal discomfort, and a machine-learning-based approach successfully predicted high levels of flatulence, with [Ruminococcus] torques group and (Oscillospiraceae) UCG-002 sp. identified as key predictive taxa. These data reveal trends that can help guide personalised recommendations for initial inulin dosage. Our results support prior ecological findings indicating that fibre supplementation has the greatest impact on individuals whose baseline fibre intake is lowest.

The Effect of Grape Pomace Fiber Addition on Quality Parameters of Yogurt

Reducing food and industrial waste is essential to match the novel objectives of sustainable living. In this context, grape pomace, a fiber-rich by-product of wine production, was used as a fiber supplement in yogurt after enriching its fiber content through preprocessing. Within the aim of this study, 0.5% and 1% grape pomace fiber were incorporated into yogurt, and the effect on physicochemical, microbial, and sensory quality was investigated. Throughout the 14-day storage period, no significant changes were observed in pH, acidity, and water holding capacity. The total mesophilic aerobic bacteria count ranged between 2-3 log.cfu/g, and the addition of fiber did not result in any undesirable alterations in these counts. Similarly, the fiber did not affect the counts of specific yogurt bacteria, which was 8-9 log.cfu/g. Moreover, sensory evaluations consistently resulted in scores above “5” for all products, with acidity rated level as moderate as expected for yogurt. There were no adverse effects on sensory quality concerning color, flavor, texture, acidity, and overall acceptability. In conclusion, fiber-enriched yogurt from wine waste is feasible without compromising product quality. This study is expected to contribute to the progress of current sustainable living goals.

Dietary fiber alleviates alcoholic liver injury via Bacteroides acidifaciens and subsequent ammonia detoxification

The gut microbiota and diet-induced changes in microbiome composition have been linked to various liver diseases, although the specific microbes and mechanisms remain understudied. Alcohol-related liver disease (ALD) is one such disease with limited therapeutic options due to its complex pathogenesis. We demonstrate that a diet rich in soluble dietary fiber increases the abundance of Bacteroides acidifaciens (B.acidifaciens) and alleviates alcohol-induced liver injury in mice. B.acidifaciens treatment alone ameliorates liver injury through a bile salt hydrolase that generates unconjugated bile acids to activate intestinal farnesoid X receptor (FXR) and its downstream target, fibroblast growth factor-15 (FGF15). FGF15 promotes hepatocyte expression of ornithine aminotransferase (OAT), which facilitates the metabolism of accumulated ornithine in the liver into glutamate, thereby providing sufficient glutamate for ammonia detoxification via the glutamine synthesis pathway. Collectively, these findings uncover a potential therapeutic strategy for ALD involving dietary fiber supplementation and B.acidifaciens.

Innovative concepts in diet therapies in disorders of gut-brain interaction.

Diet therapy in disorders of gut-brain interaction (DGBI) is rapidly advancing, with accumulating evidence to support two innovative therapies-manipulation of dietary fibers and enzyme supplementation-that target specific DGBI pathophysiology and modulate digestion. Dietary fibers escape digestion in the upper gastrointestinal tract and can influence gut function by impacting digestion, improving laxation, and interacting with the microbiota. A more nuanced understanding of different fiber types and their ability to impact gut function in highly specific ways has shown that fibers can impact distinct gut symptoms and pathophysiology. By considering their functional characteristics of bulking, gel-forming, and fermentability, restriction or supplementation of specific fibers can offer clinical value in DGBI. Similarly to fiber specificity, emerging evidence suggests that supplemental digestive enzymes may be targeted to known food triggers with consideration that enzymes are substrate specific. Limited evidence supports use of lactase to target lactose, and α-galactosidase to target galacto-oligosaccharides. Application of enzymes during manufacturing of food products may prove to be an additional strategy, although evidence is scant. Both innovative therapies may be utilized in isolation or in combination with other diet and nondiet therapies. Implementation can be guided by the principles that fiber modulation can be targeted to specific symptomology or requirement for alterations to gut function, and digestive enzymes can be targeted to known food triggers. This review aims to summarize recent literature of these two innovative concepts and provide practical suggestions for their implementation in clinical practice.

Effects of Soluble Corn Fiber Supplementation on Stool Consistency and GI Symptomatology in Children From the MetA Bone Trial

Effects of Soluble Corn Fiber Supplementation on Stool Consistency and GI Symptomatology in Children From the MetA Bone Trial

Efficacy of AI-Guided (GenAISTM) Dietary Supplement Prescriptions versus Traditional Methods for Lowering LDL Cholesterol: A Randomized Parallel-Group Pilot Study.

Emerging evidence suggests that personalized dietary supplement regimens can significantly influence lipid metabolism and cardiovascular risk. The efficacy of AI-guided dietary supplement prescriptions, compared with standard physician-guided prescriptions, remains underexplored. In a randomized, parallel-group pilot study, 70 patients aged 40-75 years with LDL-C levels between 70 and 190 mg/dL were enrolled. Participants were randomized to receive either AI-guided dietary supplement prescriptions or standard physician-guided prescriptions for 90 days. The primary endpoint was the percent change in LDL-C levels. Secondary endpoints included changes in total cholesterol, HDL-C, triglycerides, and hsCRP. Supplement adherence and side effects were monitored. Sixty-seven participants completed the study. The AI-guided group experienced a 25.3% reduction in LDL-C levels (95% CI: -28.7% to -21.9%), significantly greater than the 15.2% reduction in the physician-guided group (95% CI: -18.5% to -11.9%; p < 0.01). Total cholesterol decreased by 15.4% (95% CI: -19.1% to -11.7%) in the AI-guided group compared with 8.1% (95% CI: -11.5% to -4.7%) in the physician-guided group (p < 0.05). Triglycerides were reduced by 22.1% (95% CI: -27.2% to -17.0%) in the AI-guided group versus 12.3% (95% CI: -16.7% to -7.9%) in the physician-guided group (p < 0.01). HDL-C and hsCRP changes were not significantly different between groups. The AI-guided group received a broader variety of supplements, including plant sterols, omega-3 fatty acids, red yeast rice, coenzyme Q10, niacin, and fiber supplements. Side effects were minimal and comparable between groups. AI-guided dietary supplement prescriptions significantly reduce LDL-C and triglycerides more effectively than standard physician-guided prescriptions, highlighting the potential for AI-driven personalization in managing hypercholesterolemia.

Efficient removal of allicin from the stalk of Allium fistulosum for dietary fiber production

The stalk of Allium fistulosum contains dietary fibers with complicated monosaccharide composition and glycosidic bond linkages, which renders it a better dietary fiber supplement. However, the unfavorable odor, majorly contributed by allicin, limits its applications. Although many physical and chemical methods have been developed to remove allicin, there is currently no comparison between their efficiencies. Here, we comprehensively compare all these methods of eliminating allicin in the Allium stalk by starting with optimization of the allicin extraction method. Results indicate that incubation of the chopped Allium stalk with water for 20 min and extraction with 75% ethanol reached a maximal extraction yield. Different methods of allicin elimination are examined, and physical removal of allicin by blanching at 100 °C reaches a maximal clearance rate of 73.3%, rendering it the most efficient and effective method eliminating allicin from the stalk of Allium fistulosum for the preparation of a totally green dietary fiber.

Adaptation to tolerate high doses of arabinoxylan is associated with fecal levels of Bifidobacterium longum

ABSTRACT Dietary fiber supplements are a strategy to close the ‘fiber gap’ and induce targeted modulations of the gut microbiota. However, higher doses of fiber supplements cause gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms that differ among individuals. What determines these inter-individual differences is insufficiently understood. Here we analyzed findings from a six-week randomized controlled trial that evaluated GI symptoms to corn bran arabinoxylan (AX; n = 15) relative to non-fermentable microcrystalline cellulose (MCC; n = 16) at efficacious supplement doses of 25 g/day (females) or 35 g/day (males) in adults with excess weight. Self-reported flatulence, bloating, and stomach aches were evaluated weekly. Bacterial taxa involved in AX fermentation were identified by bioorthogonal non-canonical amino acid tagging. Associations between GI symptoms, fecal microbiota features, and diet history were systematically investigated. AX supplementation increased symptoms during the first three weeks relative to MCC (p < 0.05, Mann-Whitney tests), but subjects ‘adapted’ with symptoms reverting to baseline levels toward the end of treatment. Symptom adaptations were individualized and correlated with the relative abundance of Bifidobacterium longum at baseline (rs = 0.74, p = 0.002), within the bacterial community that utilized AX (rs = 0.69, p = 0.006), and AX-induced shifts in acetate (rs = 0.54, p = 0.039). Lower baseline consumption of animal-based foods and higher whole grains associated with less severity and better adaptation. These findings suggest that humans do ‘adapt’ to tolerate efficacious fiber doses, and this process is linked to their microbiome and dietary factors known to interact with gut microbes, providing a basis for the development of strategies for improved tolerance of dietary fibers.

Skeletal muscle metabolic dysfunction with circulating carboxymethyl-lysine in dietary food additive-induced leaky gut.

Impaired intestinal permeability induces systemic inflammation and metabolic disturbance. The effect of a leaky gut on metabolism in skeletal muscle, a major nutrient consumer, remains unclear. In this study, we aimed to investigate the glucose metabolic function of the whole body and skeletal muscles in a mouse model of diet-induced intestinal barrier dysfunction. At Week 2, we observed higher intestinal permeability in mice fed a titanium dioxide (TiO2)-containing diet than that of mice fed a normal control diet. Subsequently, systemic glucose and insulin tolerance were found to be impaired. In the skeletal muscle, glucose uptake and phosphorylation levels in insulin signaling were lower in the TiO2 group than those in the control group. Additionally, the levels of pro-inflammatory factors were higher in TiO2-fed mice than those in the control group. We observed higher carboxymethyl-lysin (CML) levels in the plasma and intestines of TiO2-fed mice and lower insulin-dependent glucose uptake in CML-treated cultured myotubes than those in the controls. Finally, soluble dietary fiber supplementation improved glucose and insulin intolerance, suppressed plasma CML, and improved intestinal barrier function. These results suggest that an impaired intestinal barrier leads to systemic glucose intolerance, which is associated with glucose metabolism dysfunction in the skeletal muscles due to circulating CML derived from the intestine. This study highlights that the intestinal condition regulates muscle and systemic metabolic health.