Supervisory Elements Research Articles

Pilot protection of lines emanating from DFIG-based wind farms during balanced faults

Wind farms (WFs) are increasingly connected to high-voltage (HV) grids, for which pilot protection—including differential protection and directional comparison blocking pilot protection (DCBPP)—is normally deployed as the primary relaying scheme. Despite extensive research into differential protection, the possible effects of WFs on DCBPP have not been studied to date. This paper unveils a serious defect associated with DCBPP that utilizes the superimposed component-based directional element (SCBDE) as the supervisory element. It is shown that for HV lines emanating from doubly fed induction generators (DFIGs)-based WFs, the positive-sequence SCBDE may provide misleading indications of fault directions during balanced faults, consequently causing the malfunction of DCBPP when faults are located inside protected lines. To secure the protection of lines during such problematic conditions, this paper also proposes a novel pilot protection scheme by applying the dynamic time warping (DTW) algorithm. The main idea behind the proposed scheme is to differentiate internal faults from external faults directly depending on the dissimilarity degree of current sampling sequences at two ends. Taking advantage of the distinctive waveshape properties of DFIG fault currents under crowbarred states, the proposed scheme can operate for internal faults at a high speed. In the meantime, the monotonicity and continuity attributes of the DTW algorithm enable the proposed scheme to be independent of a strictly identical sampling frequency and exhibit strong tolerance against synchronization errors and data packet loss. A thorough performance evaluation under various balanced faulty conditions corroborates the efficacy of the proposed scheme.

Electronic Design of Indramayu Surveillance System (e-SIPENYU) Website-Based SMART Method

The Inspectorate is an internal government supervisory element led by the Inspector, responsible for fostering and supervising the implementation of government affairs which fall under regional authority. The evaluation is carried out by reviewing the assessment of the Integrity Zone Evaluation Worksheet and Bureaucratic Reform inputted by the Regional Work Unit or Work Unit in Indramayu Regency, which consists of 28 Regional Apparatus. The Inspectorate of Indramayu Regency has an important role in conducting examinations, supervision and control of the implementation of local government duties and functions, and ensuring that their implementation is in accordance with applicable laws and regulations. So an electronic-based system is needed that can assist the Indramayu Regency Inspectorate in supervising the Regional Work Unit and conducting independent assessments or evaluations effectively and efficiently. Website-Based E-SIPENYU with the SMART Method is a website-based electronic system that makes it easier for the Indramayu Regency Inspectorate to access information and recap the Integrity Zone Evaluation Worksheet and Bureaucratic Reform online. This research produces an electronic system design that assists the Indramayu Inspectorate in carrying out its self-evaluation supervisory function in the implementation of Bureaucratic Reform and the Integrity Zone Towards WBK within the Indramayu Regency Government.

PENGARUH EVALUASI KREDIT DAN PENGAWASAN KREDIT TERHADAP RISIKO KREDIT MACET

The research background is risk of the loan credit which is the one problem which inseperable from the operations system in credit service unions in district Oebobo of Kupang City. In observation the loan default, the efforts of tackling was involved two important factors were credit evaluation and control credit. This research was conducted in 15 units of credit unions that were selected based on the criteria previously and the sample were 30 persons from credit management and supervisory elements. Technique in collecting data is observation interview, questionnnary, and documentation. The result proved that the Credit Evaluation and Credit Control had the significant partially influence to minimizing the Risk of Loan default on the credit union in district Oebobo of Kupang City through simple Linear Regression Analysis results in agreement line standard. This research also proved that the managements in credit union have to maintain and applying the evaluation and control credit system that usefull to minimize the level of loan default risk. Although it can be minimized with applying the balance credit.
 Keywords: Credit Control, Credit Evaluation, Risk of Loan

How to party with Netflix

Netflix Party or Teleparty is a Google Chrome extension that allows you to watch Netflix remotely with friends - or, as a Netflix ad puts it, “movie nights with that long-distance special someone”. It promises synchronised video playback and group chat. From a cyber-security angle, Netflix Party's Chrome plug-in used to be open-source until it was maintained privately. This means it made the code more transparent. While one doesn't always know who contributed to the codebase there is a common supervisory element that could help to avoid malicious code. However, Chrome plug-ins have been used in the past by attackers to infect users' systems with malicious software. One piece of advice is not to use your corporate laptops to host Netflix Parties. A VPN generally helps, too - not so much with an encrypted IP address, but to watch the same movies with friends from other countries.

Modeling and Trajectory Tracking Control for Magnetic Wheeled Mobile Robots Based on Improved Dual-Heuristic Dynamic Programming

In this article, a mathematical model of a magnetic-wheeled mobile robot (MWMR) used for wall climbing in some special industrial sites is established, and to realize the precise motion control of the robot, an intelligent discrete algorithm for trajectory tracking control of the MWMR is presented. The robot is subjected to nonholonomic constraints when moving on the wall. The discrete mathematical model of the MWMR is established with the description of the kinematics and dynamics, where the dynamics are described by the second-order Lagrange's equations. Improved dual-heuristic dynamic programming (DHP) where the actor-critic structure adopts random vector functional link neural networks (RVFL NNs) is the main configuration of the trajectory tracking control algorithm. Moreover, the tracking control algorithm is supplied by a PD controller and a supervisory element to generate overall control signals. The improved strategy is to optimize the input layer weights of RVFL NNs by a genetic algorithm to improve the approximation performance of DHP. Simulations are performed to test the trajectory tracking control algorithm for this wall-climbing robot, and the results are compared with those of neural network tracking control algorithm. Comparative analysis verifies the effectiveness and advancement of the proposed method.

79. RESIDENT AUTONOMY: ARE ATTENDINGS AROUND TOO MUCH?

Background According to guidelines from the ACGME, residents must demonstrate progressive autonomy over the course of training that affords them the ability to act in a supervisory role under faculty guidance in preparation for independent practice. As adult learning theory supports, autonomy within a supportive climate can have a significant impact in motivating learners to expand their knowledge base and practice methods. We created a needs assessment survey to help obtain information regarding the current opinions surrounding autonomy within our own residency program. Objective We sought to determine residents’ perception of autonomy during their pediatric residency training with a secondary objective of preliminary assessment for an attending-less rounding experience to address autonomy and supervisory elements within the residency curriculum. Methods In 2018, graduating PGY3 Pediatric residents and PGY4 combined Internal Medicine/Pediatric residents were electronically sent an anonymous novel survey. The questions focused on overall level of supervision as well as how valuable they would find rounding without an attending in terms of building their own autonomy. Numerical responses were collected for statistical interpretation. Results We obtained surveys from 33/36 graduating residents within their final month of residency training. Respondents reported a mean value of 72/100 (Scale: 0/100 = significantly unsupervised, 50/100 adequately supervised, 100/100 significantly over-supervised) when asked about their level of supervision on pediatric services. This cohort also reported a mean value of 82.42/100 and 83.27/100 when asked how valuable and how enjoyable, respectively, attending-less rounding on our Hospitalist service would be for resident autonomy. Conclusions Clinical settings within pediatric residency training programs can find it hard to balance autonomy given the extrinsic forces that are present. However, our residents demonstrate a perception of being over-supervised and support creating space for greater decision-making responsibilities and increased autonomy through revised inpatient service structure.

Efficient Current-Based Directional Relay Algorithm

Directional relays have a key role for protection of transmission and distribution networks. They are used as supervisory element for distance and overcurrent protections. Therefore, accuracy and performance of these protections are dependent on the performance of directional relays. In this paper, a high-speed current-based directional algorithm is presented. For a specified interval, the fault current samples are multiplied by corresponding prefault current samples and summation of the results is calculated as a criterion. Sign of the summation and direction of power flow at normal condition determine fault direction. In spite of most high-speed techniques, just accurate current transformers are needed to obtain the criterion and determining normal power flow can be relegated to simple voltage transformers at steady-state condition. The method is evaluated using plenty of simulations and experiments. Also, performance of the proposed algorithm is compared with some similar approaches. The results confirm reasonable accuracy, speed, and simplicity of the proposed method.

How do we know what makes for "best practice" in clinical supervision for psychological therapists? A content analysis of supervisory models and approaches.

There is little evidence for the effectiveness of supervision. There is a lack of consistency in supervision models. Services need to assess whether supervision is effective for practitioners and patients.

Postgraduate research supervision at a distance: a review of challenges and strategies

This article reviews the literature on supervisory elements in distance postgraduate research programmes leading to a master's or doctoral degree. The authors first identify and review the main supervisory challenges from the perspectives of both supervisor and supervisee. This paves the path to investigate and categorise the strategies that have been put into practice in order to address these challenges. This is a first attempt to provide a structured categorisation of the strategies and solutions tailored to address these challenges. Through linking the challenges to strategies, the authors will emphasise the elements of a successful distance postgraduate research supervision experience with a set of guidelines on how to improve the overall learning in this process. The aim of this paper is to conclude by summarising the lessons learned from distance postgraduate research supervision practices and to identify the areas in need of further research.

Structured, intensive education maximising engagement, motivation and long-term change for children and young people with diabetes: a cluster randomised controlled trial with integral process and economic evaluation – the CASCADE study

Structured, intensive education maximising engagement, motivation and long-term change for children and young people with diabetes: a cluster randomised controlled trial with integral process and economic evaluation – the CASCADE study

Heuristic Dynamic Programming in Wheeled Mobile Robot Control

Abstract In this paper a discrete algorithm for tracking control of a two-wheeled mobile robot is presented. The basis of the control algorithm is an Adaptive Critic Design in Heuristic Dynamic Programming (HDP) configuration. HDP is a model-based discrete reinforcement learning algorithm. In proposed control algorithm Actor - Critic structure is supplied by a PD controller and a supervisory element. The algorithm does not require preliminary learning, works on-line and uses a dynamics model of the mobile robot for a state prediction in Actor - Critic structure. The performance of control algorithm was tested by experiments on the mobile robot Pioneer-2DX.

The control-oriented design and simulation of a high voltage bus management strategy for use within hybrid electric vehicles

A control-orientated model of the electrical architecture for a hybrid electric fuel cell sports vehicle is presented. Creating a control model is a critical first step in understanding the dynamic behaviour of the system and the subsequent design and verification of the control algorithms. The proposed control strategy is made up of both feedback and supervisory control elements. The high voltage bus management system is verified by means of incorporating the solution within a complete non-linear powertrain model of the vehicle. Simulation results are presented that show the performance of the vehicle for both high driver demand manoeuvres and conventional European and US legislative drive-cycles.

Landscape classification and problem specific reasoning for genetic algorithms

PurposeThis paper addresses issues dealing with genetic algorithm (GA) convergence and the implications of the No Free Lunch Theorem which states that no single algorithm outperforms all others for all possible problem landscapes. In view of this, the authors propose that it is necessary for a GA to have the ability to classify the problem landscape before effective parameter adaptation may occur.Design/methodology/approachThe new hybrid intelligent system for landscape classification is proposed. This system facilitates intelligent operator selection and parameter tuning during run time in order to achieve maximum convergence. This work introduces two adaptive crossover techniques, the runtime adaptation of crossover probability and the participation level of multiple crossover operators in order to refine the quality of the search and to regulate the trade‐off between local and global search respectively. In addition, a Rule‐Based reasoning system (RS) is presented which can be utilised to analyse the problem landscape and provide a supervisory element to a GA. This RS is capable of instigating change by utilising the analysis in order to counteract premature convergence, for various classes of problems.FindingsResults are presented which show that the application of this Rule‐Based system and the adaptive crossover techniques proposed in this paper significantly improve performance for a suite of relatively complex test problems.Originality/valueThis work demonstrates the effectiveness of landscape classification and consequent rule‐based reasoning for GAs, particularly for problems with a difficult path to the optimal. Moreover, both adaptive crossover techniques proposed present improved performance over the traditional static parameter GA.

Transparent supervision of optically amplified fibre links with received signal and ASE monitoring

This paper illustrates that remote fault localisation in all-optical links with concatenated fibre amplifiers can be performed by simple monitoring of the signal and the accumulated ASE noise powers at the receiver end. The method is first presented in ideal operating conditions, and second, the effect of the spontaneous emission factor variation and the EDFA non-linear behaviour are taken into account. From the analysis, the requirements of the link design for proper supervision accuracy are derived. The presented supervisory method is a simple solution for links where a fibre break or an amplifier fault is to be detected and located with the granularity of an amplifier section without local supervisory elements within the transmission sections.

Digital data transmission through power distribution networks

This paper deals with the problem of data transmission through power distribution networks for exploitation and control purposes. In the present approach, the distribution network is considered as a data bus and the transforming centers, equipped with supervisory elements, as data bus terminals. The communication channel is characterized by means of well-known communication theory tools and, finally, appropriate signal structures and the reception subsystem are discussed. Under the usual working conditions of such distribution networks, the system can be operated with misoperation probabilities around 10 −9.

Development of Intellectual Distributed Processing System

Abstract The Intellectual Distributed Processing System (IDPS) does not have any centralized managing element. IDPS system elements find their roles autonomously, in order to complete given objectives. IDPS system elements are also able to solve conflicts among different objectives without any supervisory element, by exchanging information among elements. In this paper, fundamental mechanisms for managing system elements distributedly are described. These mechanisms are implemented on the object oriented distributed operating system, which has been developed on multi micro computers connected by local area network. It is expected that large scale adaptive systems can be developed and operated easier by these mechanisms.