Quality Of Supervisors Research Articles

Khuôn khổ giám sát rủi ro tài chính liên quan đến biến đổi khí hậu của Ngân hàng Nhà nước Việt Nam

Climate change is happening rapidly and poses a significant risk to the global economy. International organizations have issued many regulations to manage and supervise climate-related financial risk (CRFR) to ensure the financial system’s safety. This paper uses the content analysis method to evaluate the CRFR monitoring framework of the State Bank of Vietnam compared with the Basel Committee on Banking Supervision. The results show that the CRFR supervision framework in Vietnam is still under development; the regulations and guidelines are not specific and not yet in line with the international framework, such as not clearly defining the responsibilities of senior management in CRFR monitoring, not providing guidance on the implementation, evaluation, and monitoring of the results of scenario analysis and stress testing on the resilience of banks to climate change, not clearly announcing the monitoring objectives and improving the quality of supervisors, and not requiring financial institutions to disclose information related to CRFR.

Supervisory Relationships, Constructing Academic Identity, and Transition to the Researcher: An Interpretative Single-Case Study

The present interpretative case study aimed to explore constructing researcher identity through successful dyadic supervisory relationships. The only participant in the current single case study was Ako, a recently graduated doctoral student who published some papers with his supervisor and kept that intimate and fruitful relationship after graduation. The data were collected through in-depth interviews, journals, and narration. Thematic analyses (Braun & Clarke, 2006) were conducted to analyze the collected data. In line with Wisker’s (2012) framework, the findings generated four themes, including _supervisor's qualities, supervisor’s affective expectations, supervisee’s journey, _and _relationship enhancement. _The results revealed that a full-fledged and intimate supervisory relationship, in both formal and informal settings, contributed to developing researcher identity. The results have some implications for teacher educators, university managers, supervisors, and doctoral students.

Supervisors’ role quality and its effect on the students’ ability in compiling reports

The reality of the lack of students understanding regarding the PTK principles so that they plagiarism and have difficulties compiling reports are the supervisors’ unresolved responsibility. This research was aimed at analyzing the role quality on first and second supervisors at performing their tasks as supervisors for the subject PKP and their influences on students’ abilities in writing the PKP reports. This is a survey research using a correlational quantitative approach. About 143 respondents were selected purposively consisting of 15% at all 953 population (total students of following the subject PKP at PGSD UPBJJ-UT Makassar). The data collecting method utilized questionnaires, documentation, and observation. Data were analyzed utilizing descriptive and differential statistic techniques. Results of this research indicate that (1) the role quality of both supervisors is in the highest category, while the students’ capability in writing the PKP reports is at a high level. (2) The role quality of these supervisors both partial and simultaneous conditions, is affected positively and significantly on writing the PKP reports. Based on calculating the determinant coefficient, the role quality of these supervisors delivers a relatively small influence namely about 9.1% for writing PKP reports of students.

International doctoral students’ perspectives on the qualities of supervisors: Expectations for intercultural supervision in Portuguese higher education

Considering internationalisation of doctoral education and the crucial role of supervisors in doctoral journeys, this paper explores the perspectives of international doctoral students regarding the qualities of a good supervisor. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 11 students from Angola, Brazil, East Timor and Mozambique, attending a PhD Program in Education at a Portuguese university. Results from thematic analysis show that students value intrapersonal, interpersonal and communicative qualities associated specifically to pursuing a doctorate overseas. Within those, they underline: knowledge of their origin contexts (cultural characteristics, educational backgrounds and research traditions); acknowledgement of the influence of those contexts in learning and research approaches; and flexibility regarding students’ variety of Portuguese language. Directly related to this, qualities such as personal and emotional support, availability, commitment and empathy are highly appreciated. Findings highlight the importance of supervisor professional development for intercultural doctoral supervision.

The Relationship Of Quality Management Supervision To Job Satisfaction Of Inpatient Nurses In Hospital "Ah"

Job satisfaction is the general attitude of an individual person towards the work he does. Someone with a high level of job satisfaction shows a positive attitude towards their job, while someone who is dissatisfied with their job shows a negative attitude towards their job. High job satisfaction is a sign that the organization has carried out effective behavior management. Supervisory Management or Supervision Management is the process carried out by the supervision executor in supervising and directing, and striving to foster and improve the ability of the supervised party in order to carry out the tasks that have been given efficiently and effectively. The quality of supervision and good supervisors significantly and positively affects job satisfaction, the quality of supervisors greatly determines high job satisfaction. Research Objective: want to know whether there is a relationship between the quality of supervision management by supervisors with nurse satisfaction in hospital "AH". Method: quantitative research using cross sectional approach method. Data collection techniques are carried out by collecting primary data, namely by using questionnaires given through Google Form to respondents. Research Results: there is a significant relationship between the quality of supervision management and the job satisfaction of nurses at Hospital "AH" Conclusion: The better the quality of supervision management, the higher the level of job satisfaction of nurses at Hospital "AH". Suggestions: make a strategy plan for improving the quality of supervision management, selection of supervisors and training supervisors

How does leader career calling stimulate employee career growth? The role of career crafting and supervisor–subordinate guanxi

PurposeThis paper aims to explore how leader career calling stimulates employee career growth, with the supervisor–subordinate guanxi serving as a moderating factor.Design/methodology/approachStudy 1 demonstrated that high leader career calling served as a catalyst for employee career crafting. The experiment provided causal evidence for the relationship between these two constructs, exhibiting strong internal validity. However, due to the challenges in measuring supervisor–subordinate guanxi and career growth within the context of a scenario experiment, Study 2 was designed to test the entire model and enhance the external validity of the findings.FindingsLeader career calling significantly predicts employee career growth, while employee career crafting serves as a mediating mechanism in the relationship between leader career calling and employee career growth. Moreover, supervisor–subordinate guanxi positively moderates the relationship between leader career calling and employee career crafting. Furthermore, the mediating effect of employee career crafting in the relationship between leader career calling and employee career growth is contingent upon the quality of supervisor–subordinate guanxi. This study sheds light on the role of leader career calling in employee career growth and provides insights into the mechanisms facilitating employee career growth.Originality/valueFirstly, it explores leader-to-employee career calling transmission, extending the career calling study beyond individual impacts. It emphasizes how leaders' work attitudes shape employee career growth. Secondly, it reveals career crafting as a mediator between leader career calling and employee career growth, identifying a new influence mechanism and expanding upon the primarily job crafting-focused existing literature. Lastly, it identifies supervisor–subordinate guanxi quality as a moderator in the leader career calling-employee career crafting relationship. This perspective enriches career calling research, illustrating how specific conditions stimulate career crafting.

Applying collaborative research supervision approach in higher education

PurposeThe purpose of this study was to examine the application of the collaborative research supervision approach (CRSA) to learning projects in higher education, using socialisation, externalisation, combination and internalisation (SECI) dimensions. The study, therefore, examined how these dimensions assisted learners in Botswana's higher education to generate research knowledge.Design/methodology/approachThe study used a mixed-method research approach and exploratory research design. Purposive sampling was used to examine how the CRSA dimensions were employed in a classroom of 111 higher education learners who were carrying out research projects. Out of this population, 97 responded to a questionnaire, and 14 learners participated in a face-to-face interview. One hundred and eleven research documents produced by learners were analysed, and 42 observations were conducted.FindingsThe study found that the four dimensions of CRSA assist greatly in the development of knowledge of the research processes. This study confirms that the CRSA in higher education institutions has the potential to enhance research knowledge and skills, build learners' confidence in research, engage in learning, reduce workload, reduce the frustration of doing research and help learners complete their work in time. Learners with weak research skills easily catch up with their average-performing peers.Research limitations/implicationsIt is important to recognise the methodological limitations of this study. The study used a mixed method and a single case. As a result, the results' significance cannot be justified. Additionally, the context and methodology restrict the findings' generalisability. There is obviously potential for additional cases since this article only offers a preliminary analysis of the single case issue. Consequently, the study recommends that yet another study could be conducted to check if the approach could be used for graduate learners. Another study could also be conducted to check if the approach could be used as a supervisory approach that can provide prospects for knowledge sharing and creating learning in an organisation.Practical implicationsThe study discovered that when properly implemented, CRSA arrangement enhances research knowledge development and reduces the workload for both the supervisor and the student. When choosing this desired research supervision approach, either in terms of policy or in actual practice, it is important to take the potential for information exchange into account. This might result in improved research supervision efficacy in higher education and hence the production of better quality graduate learning projects.Social implicationsThis study recommends the use of the CRSA in higher education, so as to help learners with weak research skills, to collaboratively work with learners with high and average research skills. It also improves the quality of supervisor–learner learning relationship.Originality/valueThe research results were given to participants and respondents for approval to find out if what was written was what they said. The research results were also given to colleagues to check whether the analysis is balanced and fair and to check biases and exaggerations.

Effectiveness of a supervisor training on quality of feedback to internal medicine residents: a controlled longitudinal multicentre study

ObjectivesHigh-quality feedback on different dimensions of competence is important for resident learning. Supervisors may need additional training and information to fulfil this demanding task. This study aimed to evaluate whether...

Evaluations of Student's Satisfaction with Externship Education in the Academic Departments of the Medical School of Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences in July and August 2021.

Determining the level of satisfaction in each field will help to examine and eliminate the existing problems and shortcomings. Using this information, students' satisfaction can be provided as much as possible while strengthening the positive factors and correcting the negative factors. The aim of this study was to evaluate the Student's Satisfaction with externship Education in the Academic Departments of the Medical School of Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences in 2021. This descriptive cross-sectional study, was performed in the medical school of Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences. The statistical population was all externship students. The validity of the questionnaire's content was determined by consulting experts, and its reliability was obtained by Cronbach's alpha method based on a sample of 20 students. The questionnaires were completed virtually on the Google site using the Google Form. Data analysis was performed Stata V14.2 software using descriptive statistics, t-test, and chi-square, and the significant level was considered 0.05. The results showed that 55% of the participants were female and 45% were male. The level of students 'satisfaction with the quality of supervisors' education was moderate to high and in other cases was moderate to low. Students were more satisfied with teaching anesthesia than other departments and were dissatisfied with the infectious department. No statistically significant difference was found between people's satisfaction with the overall clinical education process in terms of age. The results of this study showed that students have moderate to poor satisfaction with externship education in educational groups.

HYGIENE FACTORS AND JOB SATISFACTION OF MOTORCYCLE DEALER EMPLOYEES IN 3RD DISTRICT OF LAGUNA

Employee job satisfaction is vital in enhancing productivity, commitment, and retention in organizations. However, motorcycle dealership employees in the Philippines meet several barriers, including extended hours of work, low pay, a lack of benefits, and limited career growth for advancement. These challenges negatively impact job satisfaction, reducing productivity and dedication and increasing employee turnover. The study utilized a quantitative descriptive correlational research method to examine hygiene and motivational factors affecting job satisfaction among motorcycle employees in the 3rd district of Laguna, Philippines. The study found that hygiene factors such as working conditions, coworker relations, supervisor quality, base wage and salary, policies and rules, and status affect employee job satisfaction. Furthermore, Hygiene factors were identified as essential in increasing job satisfaction. Employers should prioritize addressing these elements to maintain and improve hygiene factors and focus on maintaining high levels of job satisfaction and providing opportunities for growth and advancement. Regular surveys or assessments should be conducted to continuously monitor and address hygiene factors. This study emphasizes the importance of understanding and enhancing employee job satisfaction to foster organizational productivity, commitment, and retention. The study aimed to contribute insights into how hygiene factors impact job satisfaction within the motorcycle dealership industry. However, the research focused solely on the 3rd district of Laguna, potentially limiting the generalizability of findings to other regions or industries.

A High-Quality Adaptive Video Reconstruction Optimization Method Based on Compressed Sensing

The video compression sensing method based on multi hypothesis has attracted extensive attention in the research of video codec with limited resources. However, the formation of high-quality prediction blocks in the multi hypothesis prediction stage is a challenging task. To resolve this problem, this paper constructs a novel compressed sensing-based high-quality adaptive video reconstruction optimization method. It mainly includes the optimization of prediction blocks (OPBS), the selection of search windows and the use of neighborhood information. Specifically, the OPBS consists of two parts: the selection of blocks and the optimization of prediction blocks. We combine the high-quality optimization reconstruction of foreground block with the residual reconstruction of the background block to improve the overall reconstruction effect of the video sequence. In addition, most of the existing methods based on predictive residual reconstruction ignore the impact of search windows and reference frames on performance. Therefore, Block-level search window (BSW) is constructed to cover the position of the optimal hypothesis block as much as possible. To maximize the availability of reference frames, Nearby reference frame information (NRFI) is designed to reconstruct the current block. The proposed method effectively suppresses the influence of the fluctuation of the prediction block on reconstruction and improves the reconstruction performance. Experimental results show that the proposed compressed sensing-based high-quality adaptive video reconstruction optimization method significantly improves the reconstruction performance in both objective and supervisor quality.

The relationship between intrinsic job satisfaction, extrinsic job satisfaction, personal factors and turnover intentions- private hospital pharmacists in Hong Kong

Abstract Introduction The impact of employee job satisfaction on retention or the impact of job dissatisfaction on attrition is becoming increasingly important as it has a significant impact on the quality of service provided, staff shortages, and the effectiveness of healthcare organizations. This is especially true for private hospitals pharmacists in Hong Kong. Aim Based on Herzberg's two-factor theory, the aim of this quantitative, correlational study was to determine the relationship between intrinsic job satisfaction, extrinsic job satisfaction, demographic characteristics, personal factors, and turnover intentions in a sample of pharmacists working for private hospitals in Hong Kong. Methods Following institutional ethical approval, five research questions were developed to study the relationships. An empirical model of causal relationships among variables was tested with a sample of 140 registered pharmacists working in Hong Kong private hospitals. The questionnaire was designed to be self-administered, and data was collected using convenience and snowball sampling methods via an Online Google Form link. Partial least Squares Structural Equation Modelling (PLS-SEM) was used to analyse the structural relationships. The study employed SmartPLS 3.0 to compute the two-basic partial least squares (PLS) path modelling, i.e. structural and measures models. Results 68 (48.6%) were male, and 72 (51.4%) were female participants in this study, giving an overall sex ratio (males per 100 females) of 94. One third of the pharmacists surveyed were between 40-49 years old. This study found that older age was associated with a more moderate relationship between overall job satisfaction and turnover intention. At the same time, the more support from the family, the greater the negative moderating effect between overall job satisfaction and turnover intention. This study's most significant intrinsic job satisfaction factor was "achievement", with an outer loading of 0.846. Other important intrinsic job satisfaction factors included recognition, opportunities for advancement, work itself, and responsibility. For extrinsic job satisfaction factors, the most significant one was “employment status”, with an outer loading of 0.791. Other important extrinsic factors include working conditions, company policies and rules, remuneration, interpersonal relations, and supervisor's quality. There were positive relationships between intrinsic and extrinsic job satisfaction factors, and overall job satisfaction of the private hospital pharmacists. In contrast, the intrinsic job satisfaction factors, extrinsic job satisfaction factors, and overall job satisfaction are found to have negative relationships to the turnover intentions of pharmacists. Those relationships were statistically significant with p<0.05. Discussion/Conclusion In conclusion, private hospital managements may use the knowledge to implement strategies to improve intrinsic and extrinsic job satisfaction among pharmacists in private hospitals. It is hoped that private hospital pharmacies will then have more bargaining power to retain pharmacists in the workplace. In turn, a better-quality pharmacy service can be provided and, ultimately, better earnings for the private hospitals.

“Life is based on reciprocity, so be generous”: ethical work in doctoral acknowledgements

PurposeThis paper aims to explore doctoral candidates’ ethical work in writing the acknowledgements section of their theses. With interest in the formation of academic identities/subjectivities, the authors explore acknowledgements writing as always potentially a form of parrhesia or risky truth-telling, through which the candidate places themselves in their relations to others rather than in their claims to knowledge (Luxon, 2008).Design/methodology/approachDoctoral candidates from all faculties in one Japanese and one Aotearoa New Zealand university participated in focus groups where they discussed the genre of thesis acknowledgements, drafted their own version and wrote a reflective commentary/backstory.FindingsViewing the backstories through the lens of parrhesia (with its entangled matters of frankness, truth, risk, criticism and duty) showed candidates engaged in complex ethical decision-making processes with, at best, “ambiguous ethical resources” (Luxon, 2008, p. 381) arising from their academic and personal lives. Candidates used these resources to try and position themselves as both properly academic and more than academic – as knowing selves and relational selves.Originality/valueThis study bares the ethical riskiness of writing doctoral acknowledgements, as doctoral candidates navigate the tensions between situating themselves “truthfully” in their relations with others while striking the necessary pose of intellectual independence (originality). In a context where there is evidence that examiners not only read acknowledgements to ascertain independence, student and/or supervisor quality and the “human being behind the thesis” (Kumar and Sanderson, 2020, p. 285) but also show bias in those readings, this study advises reader caution about drawing inferences from acknowledgements texts. They are not simply transparent. As examiners and other readers make sense, judgments even, of these tiny, often fascinating, glimpses into a candidate’s doctoral experience, they need to understand that a host of unpredictable tensions with myriad ambiguous effects are present on the page.

Managerial Quality and Productivity Dynamics

Abstract Do productivity and managerial quality vary within the firm? If so which managerial traits and practices matter most for team productivity? Combining granular garment production data with survey data on managers across 120 production lines in India, we document substantial productivity dispersion both across teams producing overlapping products and within team over the course of production runs, and structurally link this variation to a comprehensive assessment of supervisor quality. We find that factors related to managerial attention and control are the most important for enabling line productivity, both more impactful than traditionally emphasized dimensions like cognitive skills and tenure. We document that one mechanism by which specific managerial practices contribute to productivity is by way of enabling faster learning-by-doing. In-sample pay patterns suggest potential net gains from screening for or training in less readily measured dimensions of managerial quality, as pass-through of productivity contributions to pay is incomplete.

Supervision of Information Communication Technologies in Social Work Practice: A Mixed Methods Study

Abstract The integration of informal information and communication technologies (ICTs) has transformed social work practice, yet the use of ICTs in practice is not commonly discussed in supervision. The aim of this sequential mixed methods study was to understand the factors associated with social workers’ discussion of informal ICT use in supervision, and the considerations that influence these discussions. A logistic regression was conducted using data from Canadian #socialwork survey participants in organisational settings (n = 958). Quantitative findings were integrated with the qualitative findings from a reflexive thematic analysis of participant interviews (n = 22), some of which occurred during and were impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic. Based on our integrated findings, supervisory ICT discussion was highly dependent on organisational policy and supervisors’ interpretation of these policies. The setting in which the survey participants worked was also associated with ICT discussion in supervision. In making their decisions to discuss ICT use, interview participants further highlighted the importance of the supervisory relationship based on supervisor qualities and availability.

Factors Affecting and Affected Nurse’s Job Satisfaction Before and During Covid-19: A Systematic Literature Review

Introduction: : Job satisfaction has main role for the success of achieving the health service outcomes. Furthermore, the pandemic of COVID-19 still happening and has influenced many factors. The basic difference between affective factors before and during COVID-19 is that nurses will be faced with more complex problems physically, mentally, emotionally, and spiritually during the COVID-19 pandemic than before COVID-19. This causes an increase in nurse turnover due to a decrease in job satisfaction. It’s important to find out not only the factors of nurse’s job satisfaction before COVID-19 but also during COVID-19. This study systematically aimed to identify the factors affecting and affected nurse’s job satisfaction before and during COVID-19. Method: The paper research was reviewed regarding their inclusion criteria and quality assessment using the Joanna Briggs Institute's critical appraisal checklists. Four electronic databases were used comprehensively to collect the sources. They are ScienceDirect (2017-2022), Scopus (2017-2022), SAGE (2017-2022), and PubMed (2017-2022). Articles were selected by PRISMA 2020 flow diagram for systematic review. Results: A total 26 studies were selected in this review. Factors affecting nurse’s job satisfaction before and during COVID-19 can be classified as personal factors, organizational factors, and psychological factors. But organizational and psychological factors are more influence in factors affecting job satisfaction during COVID-19 such as fairness of COVID-19, psychosocial risk, emotional intelligence, workload, supervisor quality, and salary. Turnover and burnout mostly frequently reported associated with factors be affected nurse’s job satisfaction before COVID-19. Conclusion: There are three factors that affecting nurse’s job satisfaction before COVID-19 and during COVID-19. They are personal factors, organizational factors, and psychological factors. Job dissatisfaction can cause turnover and burnout on nurse. Therefore, it’s important to increase job satisfaction by controlling these factors.

Clinical supervision: A mechanism to support person-centred practice? An integrative review of the literature.

To explore whether clinical supervision has an influence on person-centred practice. The ability to deliver person-centred care and the ability to engage in reflective practice are two key skills expected of nurses. Person-centred care shifts nurses thinking from the patient's disease state to their personhood. Clinical supervision has been proposed as a place to explore person-centred care. Person-centred practice extends person-centredness to enhance healthful relationships between care providers, services users and their significant others. An integrative literature was conducted with the key words 'clinical supervision' and 'person-centredness' within CINAHL, Medline, PsychInfo and Google Scholar. The PRISMA statement was used to report the identification, selection, appraisal and synthesis of articles and PRISMA diagram reports the selection process. The Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool was used to appraise the articles, followed by a thematic analysis. The Template for Intervention Description and Replication was used to explore the concept of clinical supervision. Twelve articles met the inclusion criteria. Person-centredness and clinical supervision are not universally defined concepts. Clinical supervision in this context was mainly an adjunct to educative programmes. Clinical supervision has a positive influence on participants' person-centred attributes, but the influence on others is less clear. The clinical supervisor's qualities are pivotal to supervisions' success. Clinical supervision is a common reflective strategy used to explore nursing practice, yet as a strategy to enhance person-centred practices, is under-researched. Participants can experience person-centredness when their supervisor has person-centred attributes, an important aspect in delivering person-centred care. This review identified a gap in the literature between two common nursing concepts 'clinical supervision' and 'person-centred care/practices'. There is a need to conduct further research into the combination of these concepts to seek ways to embed person-centredness into health care and everyday nursing practice.

The Quality of Supervision and Assessment in Industry-Based Learning

Effective student assessment measures the rigor, effectiveness and quality of learning and teaching. There is a persistent concern among higher education practitioners about the accuracy and quality of academic supervision and assessment, particularly in areas of experiential learning. The purpose of this study was to critically evaluate practitioner conceptions on the effectiveness of supervision and assessment practices of industry-based learning in enhancing quality academic practices carried out at five universities in Zimbabwe. This paper analyses stakeholder views, reflections and understandings on student supervision and assessment processes in industry-based learning programs in Zimbabwe universities. Through interviews, focus group discussions, and open and closed questions in structured questionnaires, the participants in the mixed methods study, drawn from universities and their workplace partner organizations, give insights into their activities that characterize the dominant student supervision and assessment practices. The research results show that the participants were moderately satisfied with the overall assessment processes, raising concerns on quality issues, supervisor qualities and competencies, assessment visits by lecturers, and student guidance in the workplace. It is evident that the assessment systems in the work-integrated learning program in the affected universities not only compromised the desired confidence and trust of the students in their assessors but unsettled the assessors themselves, a situation that would naturally invite appropriate corrective action. Participative assessment, an approach where the facilitator seeks to directly involve and share the responsibility for assessment with learners is compatible with industry-based learning approaches because students can engage in self-regulation and intrinsically sanctioned learning.

A model of nurses' intention to care of patients with COVID-19: Mediating roles of job satisfaction and organisational commitment.

Aim and ObjectivesThis study aims to test the hypothesis that job satisfaction and organisational commitment might play a mediating roles between workload, quality of supervision, extra‐role behaviour, pay satisfaction and intention to care of patients with COVID‐19.BackgroundGiven the high incidence of coronavirus and shortage of nurses in Iranian hospitals, learning about nurses’ intention to care for patients with COVID‐19 is important.DesignIn this cross‐sectional study, 648 Iranian nurses were surveyed during March 2020. The online questionnaire consisted of two parts. The mediating role was explored for the following: job satisfaction and commitment in the association of workload, quality of supervisor, extra‐role behaviours, and pay satisfaction with the intention to care. The study adhered to STROBE checklist for cross‐sectional studies.ResultsThe results of this study show that job satisfaction and organisational commitment mediated the relationship of nurses’ workload, quality of supervisor, extra‐role behaviours, and pay satisfaction with the intention to care for patients with COVID‐19.ConclusionThe results of the study indicate the importance of job satisfaction and organisational commitment as mechanisms that help to understand the association of nurses’ workload, quality of supervisor, extra‐role behaviours and pay satisfaction with the intention to care during the COVID‐19 pandemic.Relevance to clinical practiceHospital managers need to attend to the role of nurses’ job satisfaction and other organisational factors to ensure that they can cope with the challenges of the COVID‐19 pandemic.

The Normative Analysis of Chinas Land Reclamation Annual Report Review Clauses

Perfecting the review of the annual report of land reclamation is extremely important to reform the annual report system of land reclamation, which is helpful to the effectiveness of land reclamation supervision. The review of the annual report of land reclamation means that the subjects of land reclamation supervision review the materials or data submitted by the supervised units to realize the supervision of land reclamation activities. This article uses the research method of normative analysis to examine the relevant norms of the review of land reclamation annual report by analyzing the completeness and rationality of the review subjects and review methods of land reclamation annual report, and tries to propose to coordinate the supervision of supervisory departments and improve the working quality of supervisors in order to improve the supervisory capability of the subjects of the annual report of land reclamation, and tries to refine the off-site supervision and strengthen the coordination of off-site supervision and on-site inspection to improve the review methods of the annual report of land reclamation systematically, which will provide specific guidance for the existing review clauses.