Super Grain Research Articles

Effect of Biogenic Silica Seed Coating on Sorghum (VAR. K 12) Seed Storage Using Different Storage Containers under Ambient Condition

The objective of this study was to investigate the seed quality parameters of biogenic silica coated sorghum seeds on seed storage using different storage containers under ambient condition. Proper seed storage until next sowing season is crucial for sorghum seed production. seeds can lose vigor and viability during storage. Decrease in seed vigour leads to decrease in seed quality. The seed's storage environment and packaging materials significantly impact its long-term viability and effectiveness. Coating seeds before storing them helps preserve their quality over time. Pre-storage seed coating is essential for preventing seed deterioration and maintaining quality throughout the storage period. The present study revealed that, after six months of storage period, seed coating with biogenic silica with carbon @ 5 ml kg-1 seeds observed highest germination percentage, root and shoot length, dry matter production, vigour index I and II compared to control. With respect to containers seeds packed in super grain bag performed better than cloth bag. The results clearly indicated that, coating of seeds with biogenic silica with carbon @ 5 ml kg-1 stored in the supergrain bag-maintained vigour and viability throughout the storage period and also maintained the seedling length.

Effect of Desiccants and Packaging Materials on Seed Storability in Soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merrill

Background: Seeds are characterized by rapid deterioration during storage under hot and humid coastal conditions. Physiological changes that occur in seeds during storage are manifested as reduction in seedling vigour indices and percentage germination. This study aimed in prolonging the longevity of soybean seed through packaging materials with or without desiccants. Methods: Each 10 kilograms of soybean seeds treated with Vitavax 200 (2 g/kg of seed) were stored with or without desiccants viz., Calcium Chloride @ 10 g/kg of seeds, Silica gel @ 10 g/kg of seeds and ‘Zeolites’ drying beads @ 35 g/kg of seeds, packed in two different containers viz., Cloth bag and Super grain bag and stored under ambient conditions of coastal environment of Karaikal district, Puducherry (UT). Seed samples were drawn at three months intervals and tested for seed vigour and viability up to nine months. Result: The results revealed that that vitavax treated soybean seeds stored in Super grain bags with desiccants viz., CaCl2 or drying beads exhibited the highest seed germination, seedling length, seedling dry weight, vigour index-I and II than cloth bags after nine months of storage. The loss in seed vigour during storage was only 12 per cent in Super grain bags as compared to 83 per cent in cloth bags indicated that Super grain bag has the potential to effectively contain the influence of environment on seeds stored in it. Hence, it is suggested that the vigour and viability of soybean seeds could be very well prolonged by storing fungicide treated seeds in Super grain bag instead of cloth bags under coastal environment.

Unlocking the potential of Kodo millet: reviving an indigenous super grain for tomorrow's nutrition.

Kodo millet (Paspalum scrobiculatum L.) is an underutilized crop that encompasses nutritional benefits and climate resilience, making it a viable option for future crop development with nutraceutical properties. The cultivation of this crop has ancient roots, where it was revered for its ability to thrive in times of famine and was a vital companion crop to rice. Dishes made with Kodo millet are highly palatable and can be easily integrated into mainstream rice-based dishes. Among all cereals, Kodo millet is distinguished by its gluten-free composition, high phosphorus content, and significant antioxidant potential, which contributes to a diet that may reduce cardiovascular disease risk. Often grown in rainfed zones by marginal farmers, Kodo millet is valued for its grain and fodder. This less demanding crop can tolerate both biotic and abiotic stress, allowing it to thrive in soils with low organic matter and with minimal inputs, making it an ideal dual-purpose crop for rainfed areas. Despite its nutritional and agricultural benefits, Kodo millet's popularity is hindered by challenges such as low yield, market demand, lodging at harvest, and poor dehulling recovery, which necessitate the development of high-yielding varieties through the latest breeding advancements. Systematic investment and concerted breeding efforts are essential to harness the full potential of this nutrient-dense crop. The absence of whole genome sequence for Kodo millet poses a barrier to uncovering novel genetic traits. Consequently, there is an imperative to establish a millet-based value chain that elevates these underutilized crops, shaping smart cropping patterns and enhancing nutritional profiles for sustainable diets. Accordingly, this review highlights the significance of Kodo millet and the impact of breeding to establish it as a smart food choice for the future.

A study on trend in area and production of major millets in India

Millets are ancient super grains and are the reservoirs of nutrition for a better health. Millets particularly pearlmillet, finger millet and small millets are the important food and fodder crops in semi - arid regions and are predominantlygaininig importance in the world. Among them roughly one million plant spieces that inhabit our plants, approximately 30are essential for meeting the demands for food, fodder and fuel. Nonetheless, numerous plant species remain inadequatelyharnessed or undiscovered.

Evaluation of Storage Techniques to Improve the Seed Longevity of Horsegram

Horsegram (Macrotyloma uniflorum) is a robust, drought-resistant crop that is valued for its high protein content and is a significant food source in many parts of the world. Horsegram seeds must be stored properly to preserve their freshness, nutritional value, and viability for future planting. In this article an investigation was carried out to evaluate the suitable seed treatment and packaging materials for maintaining the shelf life of horsegram seeds during storage. The laboratory experiment was carried out at Department of Seed Science and Technology, Agricultural College and Research Institute, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Madurai, India. The graded seeds of horsegram were treated with different botanicals (Neem seed kernel powder @ 5g/kg & Pungam leaf powder @ 5g/kg), herbal oil (Neem oil @ 5ml/kg) and chemical (Malathion @ 5g/kg) and packed in cloth and super grain bags which was kept under ambient condition. The physical, physiological and biochemical parameters were assessed from the stored seed samples. Horsegram seeds dusted with malathion at 5 g/kg and then packed in a super grain bag have better germination (94%), root length (18.33 cm), shoot length (9.10 cm), DMP (0.165 g seedlings-10), vigour index I and II (2551 and 16.2), and also biochemical parameters like the lowest electrical conductivity (0.121 dSm-1), highest enzyme activity like dehydrogenase (0.521) and catalase (0.213 units g-1) and protein level (19.21%) was also high in malathion (5 g/kg) treated seeds packed in a super grain bag after storage for 8 months.

Storability of Different Hermetic Bags on Seed Quality Attributes of Maize in Khumaltar, Lalitpur

To evaluate the comparative superiority of exotic hermetic seed storage bags versus locally available bags supplemented with or without desiccants for on-farm seed storage of smallholders, an experiment was conducted in the National Seed Science and Technology Research Centre (NSSTRC) of Nepal Agricultural Research Council (NARC) from May 2017 to June 2019. Maize seed variety Manakamana-3 was allocated in 8 treatments based on storage devices with three replications in a completely randomized design (CRD). The 98% initial germinating seed was stored in eight different storage containers viz., S1, Super grain bag; S2, PICS bag; S3, Safe Grain bag; S4, 400-gauge plastic bag; S5, 400-gauge plastic double liner; S6, 400 gauge + metal bin; S7, 400 gauge + Zeolite beads; S8, 400 gauge + roasted wheat. All seed attributing data were taken in tri-monthly intervals for two and half years. In the first year, all seven treatments were found statistically at par results for germination above 85% by meeting the Nepalese maize seed standard except 400-gauze plastic bag-single liner. However, significant differences were seen in each treatment in the second year. Results on germination of storage structures with desiccants viz., 400 gauge + Zeolite beads, and 400 gauge + roasted wheat were found superior to any other storage structures such as PICS bag, Super grain bag, Safe grain bag, 400 gauge + metal bin, & 400-gauge plastic double liner. Whereas, the single liner of a 400-gauge plastic bag was found non-suitable and found vulnerable to fungal infestation in long-run storage in ambient storage conditions. Hence, it was concluded that the locally fabricated seed storage bags provided equal results to exotic hermetic bags for one season seed storage in Mid-hill, humid and sub-temperate condition of Nepal and hence, found economical modified atmospheric storage (MAS) option for small holder farmers.

Efficacy of Plant Derivatives in Protecting Mungbean Grains against Cowpea Weevil (Callosobruchus maculatus) under Storage Conditions in Southern Bhutan

Food grains infestation by insect pests in stores is a severe challenge in food production around the globe, especially in wet and humid regions. In Bhutan, mung bean is commonly grown for consumption as a superior source of protein. However, severe cowpea weevil infestation is observed while in storage condition. Controlling with synthetic pesticides is associated with health risks due to toxic residues which intervene in safe and healthy protection methods. Protecting the grains in-store through organic approach is imperative for consumption and seed purposes. Some botanical plant extracts are known for their protective properties which need location-specific studies based on availability and suitability. Therefore, this study was conducted to evaluate the efficacy of eight treatments (Acorus calamus rhizome powder, mustard oil, garlic cloves, turmeric rhizome powder, wood ash, Vitex negundo leaf powder, super grain bag including untreated control) against cowpea weevil (Callosobruchus maculatus) in mungbean under storage condition. The experiment was laid in a randomized complete block design with three replications. The result revealed that the lowest mean number of grains perforated and percent grain perforated were recorded in grains treated with Acorus calamus rhizome powder (0.46 & 0.20 %) followed by mustard oil (1.05 & 0.47 %) and grains stored in super grain bag (5.74 & 2.49%), which were significantly lower (P<0.001) as compared to other treatments. The lowest number of adult cowpea weevils was also recorded in grains treated with Acorus calamus and mustard oil followed by grains stored in super grain bag. Germination percentage was found highest in wood ash followed by mustard oil, Acorus calamus and garlic-treated grains while the lowest was in super grain bag. Therefore, Acorus calamus rhizome powder and mustard oil were found to be effective in managing cowpea weevil without affecting seed germination and vigour.

Genome-wide identification and expression pattern analysis of quinoa BBX family.

BBX is a transcription factor encoding zinc finger protein that plays a key role in plant growth and development as well as in responding to abiotic stresses. However, in quinoa, which is known as a "super grain" and has extremely high nutritional value, this gene family has not yet been thoroughly studied. In this study, in order to fully understand the family function of the BBX in quinoa, a total of 31 BBX members were identified by bioinformatics methods. These BBX members were mainly acidic proteins, and most of their secondary structures were random coil s, 31 CqBBX members were unevenly distributed on 17 chromosomes, and the analysis of replication events found that quinoa BBX genes produced a total of 14 pairs of gene replication. The BBX genes were divided into five subfamilies according to phylogenetics, and its gene structure and conserved motif were basically consistent with the classification of its phylogenetic tree. In addition, a total of 43 light response elements, hormone response elements, tissue-specific expression response elements, and abiotic stress response elements were found in the promoter region, involving stress elements such as drought and low temperature. Finally, the expression patterns of CqBBX genes in different tissues and abiotic stresses were studied by combining transcriptome data and qRT-PCR , and all 13 genes responded to drought, salt, and low-temperature stress to varying degrees. This study is the first comprehensive study of the BBX family of quinoa, and its results provide important clues for further analysis of the function of the abiotic stress response.

Identification of WRKYs using in silico tools for unraveling the modulation during abiotic stress response in Tef [Eragrostis tef (Zucc.) Trotter] a super grain

Identification of WRKYs using in silico tools for unraveling the modulation during abiotic stress response in Tef [Eragrostis tef (Zucc.) Trotter] a super grain

CRISPR/Cas9-Induced Mutagenesis of TMS5 Confers Thermosensitive Genic Male Sterility by Influencing Protein Expression in Rice (Oryza sativa L.)

The development of thermosensitive genic male sterile (TGMS) lines is the key to breeding two-line hybrid rice, which has been widely applied in China to increase grain yield. CRISPR/Cas9 has been widely used in genome editing to create novel mutants in rice. In the present study, a super grain quality line, GXU 47, was used to generate a new TGMS line with specific mutations in a major TGMS gene tms5 generated with CRISPR/Cas9-mediated genome editing in order to improve the rice quality of two-line hybrids. A mutagenesis efficiency level of 75% was achieved, and three homozygous T-DNA-free mutant lines were screened out. The mutants exhibited excellent thermosensitive male fertility transformation characteristics with complete male sterility at ≥24 °C and desirable male fertility at around 21 °C. Proteomic analysis based on isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantification (iTRAQ) was performed to unveil the subsequent proteomic changes. A total of 192 differentially expressed proteins (DEPs), including 35 upregulated and 157 downregulated, were found. Gene ontology (GO) analysis revealed that the DEPs were involved in a single-organism biosynthetic process, a single-organism metabolic process, oxidoreductase activity, and catalytic activity. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analysis showed that the DEPs were involved in ubiquinone and other terpenoid quinone biosynthesis, the biosynthesis of secondary metabolites, metabolic pathways, and phenylpropanoid biosynthesis. Our study shows that high mutation efficiency was achieved in both target sites, and T-DNA-free mutant lines were obtained in the T1 generation. The present study results prove that it is feasible and efficient to generate an excellent mutant line with CRISPR/Cas9, which provides a novel molecular mechanism of male sterility caused by the mutation of tms5.

Effect of Storage Materials and Duration on Quality of Rice Seed

Storage loss of rice seed in terms of quality parameters is higher in Nepal due to lack of information about the effect of storage materials. Laboratory experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of storage materials and storage period on quality parameters of rice seed (Oryza sativa L. cv., Bahuguni dhan-1). Rice seed was stored in seven storage materials (metal bin, plastic bin, super grain bag, PICS bag, plastic bag with jute sack, jute sack and earthen pot) in Completely Randomized Design with three replications at the Seed Laboratory of National Wheat Research Program, Bhairahawa, Rupandehi, Nepal from March to July, 2021. Seed moisture content and germination percentage were recorded before storage and after one, three and five months of storage. The population of two insect pests rice weevil and maize weevil was recorded after five months of storage. The result revealed that all the seed quality parameters under study were significantly influenced by storage materials. PICS bag followed by super grain bag was found to be superior in terms of seed moisture content, germination percentage and seed health throughout the storage period. Seed in the indigenous storage materials (earthen pot and jute sack) lost their quality significantly throughout the storage period. Future research strategies should focus on seed quality study under several indigenous storage materials found in Rupandehi district of Nepal.

Effect of Storage Conditions and Containers on Storability of Pole Type Frenchbean cv. Arka Sukomal

Background: Maintenance of seed quality in storage is important without losing its living entity against biotic and abiotic stress. Arka Sukomal seeds are protein rich and include other nutrient composition which is required for seed germination and seedling establishment. There is a need to minimise the deterioration of cellular structure and biochemical compounds by adopting suitable storage conditions and containers. Methods: The laboratory experiment was carried out to identify the suitable storage conditions and containers on seed quality parameters. The seeds were stored in four different containers viz., cloth bag, polythene bag, super grain bag and poly-lined aluminium pouch at ambient and at controlled condition (15oC). The observations were recorded bimonthly up to fourteen months. Result: The results showed that seeds in poly-lined aluminium pouch at controlled conditions had shown better quality parameters like lower moisture content (7.70%), higher seed germination (93.58%), more increased seedling vigour index II (5316) and low electrical conductivity of seed leachate (0.437 dS m-1) whereas it was lower in cloth bag at ambient condition (10.40%, 80.67%, 3611 and 0.649 dS m-1, respectively) at the end of storage period. Hence, the viability and vigour of seeds could be maintained better by storing in moisture impervious containers (poly-lined aluminium pouch and polythene bag) at the controlled condition, which is cost-effective and easily adaptable.

How different hermetic bag brands and maize varieties affect grain damage and loss during smallholder farmer storage

Smallholder farmers in sub-Saharan Africa store harvested maize to provide food stocks between harvest seasons, which may be up to 12 months apart. Stored maize is highly susceptible to insect pest damage, hence the need for stored grain protection technologies such as hermetic bags. The current study evaluated the efficacy of five brands of hermetic bags in storing three maize varieties under two contrasting agro-ecologies in Guruve and Mbire districts of Zimbabwe, for two storage seasons. The hermetic bag treatments evaluated included: GrainPro Super Grain bag (SGB) IVR™, PICS bag, AgroZ® Ordinary bag, AgroZ® Plus bag and ZeroFly® hermetic bag, which were compared to grain stored in a polypropylene bag either untreated (negative control) or following admixture with a synthetic pesticide treatment, Actellic Gold Dust® (positive control). The maize varieties included a white hybrid, a pro-vitamin A biofortified orange and a local variety. All the hermetic bag treatments out-performed the synthetic pesticide in limiting grain damage and weight loss during storage. No significant difference in grain damage or weight loss was observed among the hermetic bags. However, rodents punctured some hermetic bags; therefore rodent control is recommended. A positive correlation with grain damage and weight loss for all three maize varieties was found for Sitophilus zeamais, Sitotroga cerealella, Tribolium castaneum and Cryptolestes spp adult numbers. Significantly higher insect damage and weight loss (P < 0.001) occurred in the white hybrid maize than in the other two varieties. The results confirmed that regardless of brand, all the hermetic bags tested can be recommended for smallholder farmer use to limit postharvest storage losses, avoid pesticide use, and support food and nutrition security.

Botany, Nutritional Value, Phytochemical Composition and Biological Activities of Quinoa.

Quinoa is a climate-resilient food grain crop that has gained significant importance in the last few years due to its nutritional composition, phytochemical properties and associated health benefits. Quinoa grain is enriched in amino acids, fiber, minerals, phenolics, saponins, phytosterols and vitamins. Quinoa possesses different human-health promoting biological substances and nutraceutical molecules. This review synthesizes and summarizes recent findings regarding the nutrition and phytochemical properties of quinoa grains and discusses the associated biological mechanisms. Quinoa grains and grain-based supplements are useful in treating different biological disorders of the human body. Quinoa is being promoted as an exceptionally healthy food and a gluten-free super grain. Quinoa could be used as a biomedicine due to the presence of functional compounds that may help to prevent various chronic diseases. Future research needs to explore the nutraceutical and pharmaceutical aspects of quinoa that might help to control different chronic diseases and to promote human health.

Assessment of suitable seed treatment for improving storage potential of groundnut and sesame seeds

Groundnut and sesame are the economic commercial crops of India and need special attention for extended storage life due to its high demand and lesser multiplication ratio. The storage of oil seed is most critical both due to the presence of glycerides and amenability to fungal infections. The freshly harvested seeds of groundnut cv. TMV 13 obtained from Oilseeds Research Station, Tindivanam formed the base material for the study. The experiment was conducted at Oilseeds Research Station, Tindivanam during 2016-2017. The groundnut pods with initial moisture content of 8.0 per cent were conditioned to various treatments viz., T1- Control; T2 – Seeds treated with Halogen Vapour @3g/kg of seed; T3 – Seeds treated with Halo Polymer @3ml/kg of seed. After treating the seeds, the seeds were dried to the moisture content of eight per cent and packed in Super Grain Bag. Seeds were evaluated at bimonthly interval upto 6 six months of storage and from seventh month onwards it has been evaluated at monthly basis for its quality parameters viz., Germination Percentage, Root length (cm), Shoot length (cm), Dry matter production (g 10 seedling -1), Vigour index, Electrical Conductivity (dsm-1), Oil Content (Per cent) and Field Emergence (%). The groundnut as well as sesame seed treated with Halo polymer @3 ml/kg of seeds stored in super grain bag maintained better vigour and viability upto 10 months compared to other treatments under ambient condition. The groundnut maintained 53% and sesame maintained 85% at the end of ten months of storage.

Analysis of macro- and Microminerals Content in the Einkorn (Triticum monococcum L.) Samples Cultivated in Kastamonu, Turkey

Wheat is an important cereal product because of its nutritional value, economy, culture, and history. Einkorn (Triticum monococcum L.) assumed as the oldest wheat. Einkorn locally called “siyez” has recently become popular as a super grain with the thought of being very nutritious in Turkey. In this study, the contents of macrominerals (Na, Mg, Ca, and K) and microminerals (Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn and Zn) in twenty-one einkorn samples collected from different cultivation areas in Kastamonu were determined by using an inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectrometry following microwave-assisted acid digestion. The results were compared with those analyzed in einkorn and other wheat types in the literature. Average concentrations of K, Ca, Mg, Na, Fe, Zn, Mn, Cr and Cu analyzed in einkorn samples were found as 3712, 1303, 656, 53, 167, 34, 29, 0,7 and 0,6 mg kg-1, respectively. The literature comparison revealed that the investigated einkorn samples were richer in terms of Ca and Fe contents compared to einkorn, emmer, spelt, buckwheat, and durum wheat samples grown in our country and different countries.

Changes in phenolic compounds, antioxidant potential and antinutritional factors of Teff (Eragrostis tef) during different thermal processing methods

SummaryBrown teff exhibits superior antioxidant characteristics and is categorised as a super grain. Thermal treatments are common processing steps prior to domestic consumption or at industrial production. This study aimed to analyse the effect of thermal processing treatments (moist heat – conventional heating (2, 3.5 and 5 min), autoclaving (121°C for 15 min); dry heat – roasting (5, 7.5 and 10 min), microwave processing (2, 3.5 and 5 min)) at different experimental conditions on total phenolic content (TPC), total flavonoid content (TFC), potential antioxidant activities, antioxidant potency composite index and antinutritional factors of brown teff (Eragrostis tef). Raw grains contained appreciable quantities of TPC (2.52 mg gallic acid equivalents/g) and TFC (14.68 mg quercetin equivalents/g), but roasting and microwave processing further improved their levels (10–24%). Results showed that microwave processed grains exhibited higher antioxidant activities with the highest average antioxidant potency composite index (81.52). Phytic acid and tannins were effectively reduced by all the thermal processes (26–37%). During, roasting and microwave processing, the reduction in saponins occurred after higher processing times. These results suggest that thermal processing can be utilised to improve the antioxidant properties along with a reduction of antinutritional compounds to approve regular consumption of this super grain.

Welfare impacts of increasing teff prices on Ethiopian consumers

AbstractTeff is an ancient grain primarily produced in Ethiopia and providing more than 10% of the total calories consumed in the country. The grain is considered as “super grain” due to its nutritional qualities, and it has seen an increase in its demand and price in recent years. These trends raise public concerns about the affordability of the grain and the prevalence of food insecurity in Ethiopia. Therefore, we investigate the impacts of increasing teff prices on consumers’ welfare by regions. Using data from two waves of the Ethiopia Socioeconomic Survey 2013–2014 and 2015–2016, we examine the consumption patterns of cereals in Ethiopia and estimate a two‐stage structural demand system. We find that teff is the most own‐price inelastic grain in Ethiopia and an increase of 10% in teff prices will reduce consumer welfare by 0.81, 1.29, and 1.73 Birrs per week for the average rural, town, and urban consumers, respectively. These estimates correspond to 1.64, 2.31, and 2.46% of their weekly food budgets. We also find the negative effects of an increase in teff prices are smaller for the lower‐income groups as they have relatively lower expenditures on teff. Additionally, we analyze the effects of simultaneous changes in wheat and teff prices to measure the extent to which Ethiopia's food policy of distributing subsidized wheat could offset the consumer welfare loss due to an increase in teff prices.

Assessment of suitable seed treatment for improving storage potential of groundnut and sesame seeds

Groundnut and sesame are the economic commercial crops of India and need special attention for extended storage life due to its high demand and lesser multiplication ratio. The storage of oil seed is most critical both due to the presence of glycerides and amenability to fungal infections. The freshly harvested seeds of groundnut cv. TMV 13 obtained from Oilseeds Research Station, Tindivanam formed the base material for the study. The experiment was conducted at Oilseeds Research Station, Tindivanam during 2016-2017. The groundnut pods with initial moisture content of 8.0 per cent were conditioned to various treatments viz., T1- Control; T2 – Seeds treated with Halogen Vapour @3g/kg of seed; T3 – Seeds treated with Halo Polymer @3ml/kg of seed. After treating the seeds, the seeds were dried to the moisture content of eight per cent and packed in Super Grain Bag. Seeds were evaluated at bimonthly interval upto 6 six months of storage and from seventh month onwards it has been evaluated at monthly basis for its quality parameters viz., Germination Percentage, Root length (cm), Shoot length (cm), Dry matter production (g 10 seedling -1), Vigour index, Electrical Conductivity (dsm-1), Oil Content (Per cent) and Field Emergence (%). The groundnut as well as sesame seed treated with Halo polymer @3 ml/kg of seeds stored in super grain bag maintained better vigour and viability upto 10 months compared to other treatments under ambient condition. The groundnut maintained 53% and sesame maintained 85% at the end of ten months of storage.

Genetic Variation, Heritability and Genetic Advance Among Semi-Dwarf Tef [&amp;lt;i&amp;gt;Eragrostis tef&amp;lt;/i&amp;gt; (Zucc.) Trotter] Recombinant Inbred Lines with Emphasis to Lodging

Tef is the foremost cereal crop largely produced and consumed mostly in Ethiopia. It is grown on more than 3.1 million hectares annually. However, it’s productivity relatively low (1.85 t/ha). On the other hand, it gained recently global popularity “Super grain” as healthy and performance food due to its gluten free especially for celiac disease, diabetic and gluten allergy people. It has also high mineral contents like iron for anemia, bone and heart health as well as brain function. Lodging is a major constraint which affect both yields and quality of the grain as well as the straw. This experiment was led to assess genetic variability between the lines relating to lodging and other yield related traits. A total of forty-nine recombinant inbred lines were tested for 16 traits using simple lattice design on two sites. All the traits measured over the sites displayed highly significant differences among the lines except fertile tiller per plant, while their environmental interaction effect also highly significant for most of the traits measured. Grain yield showed the highest phenotypic coefficients of variation (PCV) (26.36%) followed by above ground biomass (23.16%), while the remaining traits showed low ( 60%), whereas half of the remained traits showed low ( 17.02%) and least for number of branches per panicle (0.09%). From all the traits evaluated in this study, plant height, panicle length showed high H2 and aboveground biomass performs relatively high values of GCV, PCV and GAM. Therefore, these traits are important for selection and further improvements. This study revealed that four recombinant inbred lines had higher yield and low lodging index than local as well as standard checks.