Super Broadband Near-infrared Emission Research Articles

Broadband near-infrared emission in barium gallo-germanate glasses co-doped with bismuth, chromium and erbium ions

This work presents barium gallo-germanate glasses co-doped with Bi+/Er3+ and Cr3+/Er3+ ions for NIR luminescence. The addition of Al2O3 content in the glass matrix made it possible to obtain luminescence corresponding to the 3P1→3P0 transition of Bi+ ions. Co-doping with the Bi+/Er3+ system resulted in a broad luminescence spectrum of 1.0-1.6 µm and Cr3+/Er3+ co-doping in selected glass matrix resulted in luminescence in 0.9-1.6 µm band. However, the luminescence of the Cr3+ ions is much lower than that of Er3+ ions. Full Text: PDF References T. Suzuki, G.S. Murugan, and Y. Ohishi, 'Optical properties of transparent Li2O-Ga2O3-SiO2 glass-ceramics embedding Ni-doped nanocrystals', Appl. Phys. Lett., 86(13), 131903 (2005). CrossRef N.V. Golubev et al., 'Pre-crystallization heat treatment and infrared luminescence enhancement in Ni2+-doped transparent glass-ceramics', J. Non-Cryst. Solids, 515, 42 (2019) CrossRef Z. Xu, W. Feng, T. Chen, X. Liu, and J. Qiu, 'Tuning optical properties in PbSe quantum dot-doped borosilicate glass fiber by modulation of network topology', Opt. Laser Technol., 158, 108910 (2023). CrossRef M.A. Hughes, T. Suzuki, and Y. Ohishi, 'Spectroscopy of bismuth-doped lead-aluminum-germanate glass and yttrium-aluminum-silicate glass', J. Non-Cryst. Solids, 356(44), 2302 (2010). CrossRef J. Song, Z. Zhou, B. Zhong, M. Zhang, J. Huang, and L. Han, 'Ultra-broadband near-infrared Cr3+-doped multi-phase glass-ceramics realized by the selective enrichment strategy for near-infrared spectroscopy applications', J. Alloys Compd., 968, 172126 (2023). CrossRef M.A.U. Martines, M.R. Davolos, M.J. Júnior, D.F. de Souza, and L.A.O. Nunes, 'Cr3+ and Cr4+ luminescence in glass ceramic silica', J. Lumin., 128(11), 1787 (2008). CrossRef S. Zhou, H. Dong, H. Zeng, J. Hao, J. Chen, and J. Qiu, 'Infrared luminescence and amplification properties of Bi-doped GeO2−Ga2O3−Al2O3 glasses', J. Appl. Phys., 103(10), 103532 (2008). CrossRef T. Suzuki and Y. Ohishi, 'Ultrabroadband near-infrared emission from Bi-doped Li2O-Al2O3-SiO2 glass', Appl. Phys. Lett., 88(19), 191912 (2006). CrossRef T. Minh Hau et al., 'Super broadband near-infrared emission and energy transfer in Bi-Er co-doped lanthanum aluminosilicate glasses', Opt. Mater., 35(3), 487 (2013). CrossRef H.K. Dan et al., 'Effects of Y3+on the enhancement NIR emission of Bi+-Er3+ co-doped in transparent silicate glass-ceramics for Erbium-doped fiber amplifier (EDFA)', J. Lumin., 219, 116942 (2020). CrossRef E.M. Dianov, 'Bismuth-doped optical fibers: a challenging active medium for near-IR lasers and optical amplifiers', Light Sci. Appl., 1(5) (2012). CrossRef L. Wang, L. Tan, Y. Yue, M. Peng, and J. Qiu, 'Efficient Enhancement of Bismuth NIR Luminescence by Aluminum and Its Mechanism in Bismuth‐Doped Germanate Laser Glass', J. Am. Ceram. Soc., 99(6), 2071 (2016). CrossRef Z. Jiang et al., 'Effects of Al2O3 composition on the near-infrared emission in Bi-doped and Yb-Bi-codoped silicate glasses for broadband optical amplification', J. Non-Cryst. Solids, 383, 196 (2014). CrossRef

Photonic engineering of superbroadband near-infrared emission in nanoglass composites containing hybrid metal and dielectric nanocrystals

Photonic media containing hybrid noble metal–dielectric nanocrystals (NCs) represent a wonderland of nanophotonics, with a myriad of uncharted optical functions yet to be explored. Capitalizing on the unique phase separation and spontaneous formation of Au-metal NCs in a gallosilicate glass, we fabricated Ni 2 + -doped transparent nanoglass composites (GCs) containing Au - metal / γ - Ga 2 O 3 -dielectric NCs. Compared with GCs free of Au-metal NCs, the superbroadband near-infrared emission of Ni 2 + with a full width at half-maximum over 280 nm is enhanced twice in the Au - metal / γ - Ga 2 O 3 dual-phase GCs. A comparison is given as to the spontaneous emission (SPE) properties of Ni 2 + in the dual-phase GCs when pumped resonantly and off-resonantly with the localized surface plasmon resonance band of the Au-metal NCs. The important role of the Au-metal NCs in the SPE enhancement is revealed by theoretical simulation based on the finite-element method. Combining the photonic engineering effect of hybrid Au - metal / γ - Ga 2 O 3 NCs and the sensitization effect of Yb 3 + on Ni 2 + , a record-high enhancement factor of over 10 of the Ni 2 + NIR emission is achieved, and optical gain is demonstrated in the GCs at the fiber communication wavelength.

Super broadband near-infrared emission and energy transfer in Nd–Bi–Er co-doped transparent silicate glass-ceramics

Super broadband NIR (near-infrared) emission and energy transfer of Nd–Bi–Er co-doped transparent silicate glass-ceramics under excitation 808 nm laser diode were investigated. Super broadband NIR emission in Nd–Bi–Er co-doped extending from 1000 to 1600 nm with a full-width at half-maximum (FWHM) of 600 nm were observed. This result is due to the overlapping NIR emission band centered at 1275 nm (ES1 → GS) of Bi-related and NIR emission band centered at 1063 nm (4F3/2 → 4I11/2) of Nd3+ as well as NIR emission spectral band centered at 1546 nm (4I13/2 → 4I15/2) of Er3+. At the same time, the energy transfer processes between Bi-related, Nd3+ and Er3+ were also discussed and proposed.

Super broadband near-infrared emission and energy transfer in Bi–Er co-doped lanthanum aluminosilicate glasses

The Bi–Er co-doped lanthanum aluminosilicate glasses, which exhibited a broadband near-infrared emission, were developed and observed in using the optical absorption and photoluminescence spectra. A super broadband near-infrared emission extending from 1.0 to 1.8μm with a full-width at half-maximum of 450nm which covered the whole O, E, S, C and L bands, was observed in Bi–Er co-doped samples under 808nm excitation, as a result of the overlap of the Bi-related emission band (1270nm) and the emission from Er3+4I13/2→4I15/2 transition (1545nm). This report will discuss about a possible mechanism for energy transfer between Bi-related centers and Er3+ ion.

Significantly enhanced superbroadband NIR emission in bismuth-doped calcium aluminophosphsilicate glasses by PbO substitution

Glasses with the composition of 37.5SiO2–25AlPO4–12.5Al2O3–(25−x)CaO–xPbO–0.5Bi2O3 (x=0–25mol%) were fabricated. Near infrared (NIR) emission located at 1260 and 1100nm were observed when excited by 808 and 690nm LD excitation, respectively. Significantly enhancement of NIR emission at 1260nm has been realized by PbO introduction. Furthermore, compared with that of sample without PbO, the intensity of NIR emission located at 1110nm form sample with 25mol% PbO increases by a factor of 1.2, meanwhile red emission of Bi2+ decreases by a factor of 18. We propose NIR emissions located at 1260 and 1100nm originate from Bi+ and Bi0, respectively, and PbO incorporation induce the forming of Bi+ due to the better radius match between Pb2+ and Bi+.

The influence of alkali ions size on the superbroadband NIR emission from bismuth-doped alkali aluminoborophosphsilicate glasses

Glasses with compositions of 34.5SiO2–25AlPO4–12.5Al2O3–12.5B2O3–15R2O–0.5Bi2O3 (R=Li, Na, K) were synthesized. Characteristic absorption bands of bismuth centered at 500, 700, and 800nm and broadband near infrared (NIR) emissions peaked at 1100 and 1300nm were observed. With the change of alkali ion (Li+→Na+→K+), the intensity of absorption bands at 500 and 800nm increase, while the intensity of two NIR emissions decrease. The dependence of NIR emission peaked at 1300nm on the radius of the alkali ion is found to be opposite to that in previous reports, being ascribed to the abnormal reduction of Bi ion in the glasses investigated herein. The results of this work is helpful for understanding the nature of Bi-NIR-emission, and the NIR emission peaked at 1300nm was proposed to originate from Bi+ according to the influence of the alkali ions sizes.

Near-infrared broadband luminescence and energy transfer in Bi–Tm–Er co-doped lanthanum aluminosilicate glasses

The Bi–Tm–Er co-doped SiO2–Al2O3–La2O3 (SAL) glasses, which exhibited a broadband near-infrared (NIR) emission, were investigated by the optical absorption and photoluminescence spectra. A super broadband NIR emission extending from 0.95 to 1.6μm with a full-width at half-maximum (FWHM) of 430nm which covered the whole O, E, S, C and L bands, was observed in Bi–Tm–Er co-doped samples under 808nm excitation, as a result of the overlap of the Bi-related emission band (centered at 1270nm) and the emission from Tm3+3H4→3F4 transition (1450nm) as well as Er3+4I13/2→4I15/2 transition (1545nm). In addition, a super broadband emission with amplitude relatively flat from 0.95 to 2.1μm has been observed. The possible energy transfer between Bi-related centers, Tm3+ ions and Er3+ ions was proposed.

Infrared broadband emission of bismuth–thulium co-doped lanthanum–aluminum–silica glasses

The Bi–Tm co-doped SiO2–Al2O3–La2O3 (SAL) glasses, which exhibited a broadband near-infrared (NIR) emission was investigated by the optical absorption and photoluminescence spectra. The super broadband near-infrared emission from 1000 to 2100nm, which covered the whole O, E, S, C and L bands, was observed in the Bi–Tm co-doped samples, as a result of the overlap of the Bi-related emission band (centered at 1270nm) and the emission from Tm3+3H4→3F4 transition (1440nm) as well as Tm3+3F4→3H6 transition (1800nm). Relative luminescence intensity at 1270, 1440 and 1800nm wavelength varied depending on the mixing ratio of Bi and Tm and the full-width at half-maximum (FWHM) extending from 1000 to 1600nm could be 400nm. These results indicated that Bi–Tm co-doped SiO2–Al2O3–La2O3 glasses could provide potential applications in tunable lasers as well as the broadband optical amplifiers in WDM system.

Broadband near-infrared emission in Tm^3+-Dy^3+ codoped amorphous chalcohalide films fabricated by pulsed laser deposition

Structural and near-infrared (NIR) emission properties were investigated in the Tm(3+)-Dy(3+) codoped Ge-Ga-based amorphous chalcohalide films fabricated by pulsed laser deposition. The homogeneous films illustrated similar random network to the glass target according to the measurements of X-ray diffraction, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and Raman spectroscopy. An 808 nm laser diode pumping generated a superbroadband NIR emission ranging from 1050 to 1570 nm and the other intense broadband NIR emission centered at ~1800 nm, which was attributed to the efficient energy transfer from Tm(3+) to Dy(3+) ions. This was further verified by the broad-range excitation measurements near the Urbach optical-absorption edge involved defect states. The results shed light on the potential highly integrated planar optical device applications of the codoped amorphous chalcohalide films.

Superbroadband near-IR emission from praseodymium-doped bismuth gallate glasses

Superbroadband near-infrared (NIR) emission covering 1250 to 1680 nm wavelength has been obtained in praseodymium (Pr(3+)) singly doped bismuth gallate glasses. The emission originates from the (1)G(4)→(3)H(5) and (1)D(2)→(1)G(4) transitions at 1330 and 1490 nm wavelengths, respectively, and is due to the extremely low phonon energy (∼690 cm(-1)) and the unique ligand field of the glasses. It is shown that the emission line shape can be modified by adjusting the Pr(3+) concentration and the energy transfers involved. The results confirm that other than bismuth (Bi), chromium (Cr), nickel (Ni), and other chemical elements, Pr(3+) singly doped system is a promising alternative in achieving superbroadband NIR emission.

Broadband near-infrared emission from Bi–Er–Tm Co-doped germanate glasses

Bi–Er–Tm co-doped germanate glasses and Bi, Er, Tm singly doped glasses were prepared and characterized through absorption spectra, NIR emission spectra and decay lifetime. A super broadband near-infrared emission from 1000 nm to 1600 nm, covering the whole O, E, S, C, and L bands, was observed in the Bi–Er–Tm co-doped samples due to the result of the overlapping of the Bi related emission band (centered at 1300 nm), the emission from Er 3+ 4I 13/2 → 4I 15/2 transition (centered at 1534 nm) as well as the emission from Tm 3+ 3H 4 → 3F 4 transition (centered at 1440 nm), which is essential for broadly tunable laser sources and broadband optical amplifiers. The energy transfer process was also discussed at the end of the paper.