Sulfur Host Research Articles

Interfacial synergy in twinborn CoS2/CoS1.097 heterojunction to promote sulfur conversion kinetics in lithium-sulfur batteries

The rational design of sulfur hosts is essential for mitigating the shuttle effect of lithium polysulfides (LiPSs) and improving the sluggish conversion kinetics of sulfur during multi-step phase transition. Herein, a twinborn CoS2/CoS1.097 heterojunction encapsulated in N-doped hollow carbon polyhedrons and in-situ generated CNTs (CoS2/CoS1.097@NC/CNT) was elaborately synthesized and utilized as the electrocatalyst in sulfur cathodes. The CoS2/CoS1.097 heterojunction provides abundant chemisorption sites that facilitate the formation of chemical bonds with polysulfides, thereby effectively adsorbing LiPSs. More importantly, the spontaneously generated internal electric field at the CoS2/CoS1.097 interface accelerates electron transfer, which promotes the reversible transformation between LiPSs and Li2S. Additionally, the hollow carbon polyhedrons and grafted CNTs not only effectively confine sulfur, but also provide extra buffer space for the sulfur evolution reaction. Benefiting from these characteristics, the battery assembled with CoS2/CoS1.097@NC/CNT/S cathode exhibits a remarkable initial capacity of 1454.4mAh/g at 0.1C), excellent rate capability of 674.7mAh/g at 4C, and outstanding capacity retention of 604.7mAh/g over 500 cycles at 2C (∼73.1 % of initial capacity).

Synergistic mechanisms of nitrogen configurations in sulfur hosts and their enhancement of electrochemical performance in lithium‑sulfur batteries

Lithium‑sulfur batteries (LSBs) have attracted a lot of attention due to their high theoretical capacity and energy density. However, the cathode material for LSBs is limited by the low conductivity of sulfur and its products, as well as volume fluctuations during charging and discharging, and the shuttle effect of soluble lithium polysulfide. In this work, a cathode sulfur host material Nitrogen-doped porous carbon materials (N-PCM) was synthesized, doped with Pyridine N and Pyrrolic N, using melamine and glycine as nitrogen sources, silicon dioxide as template. The synthesis method characterized by controllable nitrogen content and nitrogen configurations. The results of the electrochemical performance test indicate that the composite N-PCM/S exhibits a higher capacity and enhanced cycling stability. At a rate of 0.1C, N-PCM/S demonstrates an initial discharge capacity of up to 1308 mAh/g. At 2C, the initial discharge capacity is 603 mAh/g, while maintaining a reversible capacity of 543 mAh/g after 400 cycles. The capacity decay rate is only 0.025 % per cycle, showcasing excellent cycle stability. Additionally, the N-PCM/S exhibits excellent electrochemical performance under electrolyte-poor conditions. The results showed that the synergistic effect of different nitrogen configurations significantly enhanced the adsorption and catalytic conversion of polysulfide by sulfur hosts, accelerate the reaction rate of polysulfide.

Pyridinic-N-rich single-atom vanadium catalysts boost conversion kinetics of polysulfides for high performance lithium-sulfur batteries

Lithium-sulfur (Li-S) batteries are promising next-generation energy storage devices possessing a high theoretical energy density, but their practical deployment has been hindered by the notorious shuttle effect and sluggish conversion kinetics of soluble lithium polysulfides (LiPSs). In this work, single-atom vanadium catalysts (V-SACs) embedded in pyridinic-N-rich carbon are developed through a simple one-step polymer-assisted pyrolysis approach, which can effectively adsorb LiPSs and remarkably boost the kinetics of LiPSs conversion. The Li-S cells comprising pyridinic-N-rich V-SACs as the sulfur host display an initial discharge capacity of 921.1 mAh g−1 at 1 C and retain a capacity of 605.8 mAh g−1 after 500 cycles, showing a low decay rate of 0.068 % per cycle. Even with a high sulfur loading of 6.5 mg cm−2 and a low electrolyte/sulfur ratio of 7.5 μL mg−1, the cell still delivers a high initial areal capacity of 8.1 mAh cm−2 at 0.05 C. Comprehensive experimental studies and density functional theory (DFT) calculations demonstrate that the abundant pyridinic-N sites and vanadium single atoms afford more chemisorption sites for LiPSs and synergistically promote LiPSs conversion kinetics, resulting in enhanced electrochemical performance compared to the Li-S cells without V-SACs.

Atomic substitution engineering-induced domino synergistic catalysis in Li-S batteries

Atomic substitution engineering is considered as effective strategy to activate the basal plane of molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) which has been demonstrated effective catalytic cathode in lithium-sulfur (Li-S) batteries. Rationally designing atomic substitution structure is vital to figure out the origin of catalytic activity in doped-MoS2 based catalytic cathodes. Herein, an “adjacent period, adjacent group” atomic substitution engineering is constructed to investigate the role of foreign atoms in sulfur redox reaction, and reveal the origin of catalytic activity. Theoretical calculations reveal that the real active sites are the S atoms adjacent to the doped atoms. It has been demonstrated that Nb atomic substitution acts as an initiator to trigger a “Domino Effect” of activating the S sites, enhancing the adsorption ability, facilitating the conversion reaction of sulfur species, and accelerating the Li+ diffusion. Enlightened by the theoretical guidance, Nb-doped MoS2 ultrathin nanosheets assembled hollow nanotubes (Mo1-xNbxS2 HNTs) are fabricated as efficient “adsorption-conversion” sulfur hosts, which exhibit high initial discharge capacities (1163 mAh g−1 at 0.2 C, 971 mAh g−1 at 0.5 C). An initial capacity of 613 mAh g−1 could be achieved under high sulfur loading (3.13 mg cm−2) and lean electrolyte (5.6 μL mg−1). This work provides pivotal guidance to design highly efficient catalytic cathodes for advanced Li-S batteries.

Demineralization of a Carbon Material Derived from Palm Kernel Shells as a Process for the Enhancement of the Electrochemical Performance of Lithium-Sulfur Cells.

Carbon materials derived from biomass have been widely used in Li-S batteries; however, the mineral matter present in the biomass could impact the properties of the carbons and affect the electrochemical performance. In this study, the removal of mineral matter from palm kernel shells is reported to identify the effect of minerals on the physicochemical properties of the derived activated carbon and correlate them to the electrochemical performance in Li-S batteries. The content of minerals such as silicon, iron, and potassium was decreased by acid washing. The textural and conductive properties of activated carbon were increased by the absence of minerals. Electrochemical results reveal that the demineralized sample used as a sulfur host can increase the capacity for high charge and discharge rates by 23%. Hence, the removal of mineral matter in the biomass is an important step to consider for the application of activated carbons as sulfur hosts in Li-S batteries.

Nitrogen-Doped Graphene-Supported Tungsten Oxynitride Nanoparticles as an Efficient Bidirectional Polysulfide Convertor for Advanced Lithium-Sulfur Batteries.

Catalytic materials are considered pivotal in addressing the sluggish kinetics and shuttle effect in lithium-sulfur batteries (LSBs). However, effectively harnessing the utilization rate of active sites within catalytic materials remains a pivotal challenge. In this study, a novel conductive nitrogen-doped graphene-loaded tungsten oxynitride nanoparticle (WNO/NG) with abundant active sites is prepared through a polymer-assisted templating method for serving as a sulfur host. Electrochemical analysis coupled with in situ XRD confirm the dual-directional electrocatalytic behavior of WNO/NG for accelerating the conversion of lithium polysulfide (LiPSs). Theoretical calculations demonstrate that the intrinsic mechanism underlying the performance enhancement is attributed to the high inherent conductivity of WNO/NG and the efficient interface charge transfer with LiPSs. The assembled 500 mAh pouch cell delivers a 97% capacity retention after 25 cycles. This strategy provides valuable insights for designing catalytic materials with abundant activity sites and sheds light on the mechanisms of catalytic enhancement in Li-S chemistry.

Cobalt/nickel bimetallic ion synergistic effect for enhancing polysulfide adsorption and conversion in Li[sbnd]S batteries

Lithium‑sulfur batteries (LSBs) are regarded as the next generation of batteries due to their exceptionally high theoretical energy density. However, the progress of LSBs is impeded by slow reaction kinetics and the significant issue of lithium polysulfide shuttling. Herein, MOF-74 materials with different Co2+/Ni2+ bimetallic ion ratios were designed to be attached to rGO as sulfur hosts to enhance the adsorption and conversion of polysulfides (CoxNi-MOF-74/rGO (x = 1, 3, 5, 7, 9)). The materials exhibit a spherical and rod-like hybrid structure when the Co2+/Ni2+ is 30 %/70 % (Co3Ni-MOF-74/rGO), which effectively inhibit the shuttle effect of the polysulfide. The cells exhibit an initial capacity of 1391.8 mAh g−1 at 0.5C and the attenuation per cycle is only 0.029 % in 800 cycles. Furthermore, the strong interaction between the electronic clouds of Co2+ and Ni2+ effectively catalyzes the conversion of polysulfides. Experimental results and density functional theory (DFT) calculations indicate that Ni2+ is more effective in facilitating the transition Li2S6→Li2S4, while Co2+ is Li2S4→Li2S. As the result, the cell displays perfect catalytic performance at 7C and ultralong life over 1500 cycles. This study provides insights on the synergistic adsorption and conversion effect of polysulfides by bimetallic ions in advanced lithium‑sulfur battery electrode.

Regulating the electronic modulation configuration of MnxFeCoNiCu high entropy alloy for reliable sulfur redox kinetics

Current research on sulfur redox catalysis primarily focuses on the adsorption and catalytic conversion of lithium polysulfides (LiPSs). However, it often neglecting the modulation of the catalysts' electronic structure, which includes charge transfer and orbital interactions that significantly affect adsorption and catalytic properties. In this work, multi-channel carbon nanotubes modified with high entropy alloy nanoparticles (MnxFeCoNiCu/MCCFs) are elaborately synthesized as hosts to reveal the relationship between the catalytic activity and surface electronic configuration for reliable sulfur electrochemistry. Combining density functional theory (DFT) calculations with detailed experimental investigations, we demonstrate that modulating the electron consumption center of this intrinsic electron transfer-replenishment mechanism, the surface charge distribution is reestablished, thereby improving the performance of multi-electron reactions. Achieving a balance between adsorption and desorption significantly enhance the catalytic efficiency for LiPSs conversion. Consequently, the as-prepared Mn1.00/MCCFs with an optimized electronic structure as sulfur host can deliver a high capacity of 938 mAh g−1, corresponding to an ultralow capacity decay of 0.013 % per cycle over 500 cycles at 1.0 C.

A conjugated porous triazine-linked polyimide host with dual confinement of polysulfides for high-performance lithium-sulfur batteries

In the quest for next-generation energy storage solutions, lithium-sulfur (Li-S) batteries present exceptional potential due to their high energy density and cost-effectiveness. Nevertheless, significant challenges, such as the shuttle effect of lithium polysulfides (LiPSs) and inadequate sulfur utilization, have impeded their practical application. In this study, we report the design and synthesis of a novel covalent organic polymer that integrates a triazine-linked framework with carbonyl-enriched polyimide moieties, serving as a highly effective sulfur host for Li-S batteries. This engineered polymer not only provides abundant micropores for the physical confinement of LiPSs, but also facilitates robust chemical interaction through synergistic N-Li and O-Li bonding. The hierarchical porous architecture enhances sulfur loading, while the extended π-conjugation promotes rapid electron transport during LiPSs conversion. Consequently, the composite cathode achieves an impressive specific capacity of 1352 mAh/g at 0.1C, along with sustained cyclic stability (453 mAh/g after 400 cycles at 4C). These findings highlight the potential of multifunctional polymeric hosts in addressing critical limitations of Li-S batteries, offering a new blueprint for further developments in the field of high-performance energy storage systems.

Exploration of Optimization Strategies for Locking Sulfur in 2D Layered/Polymer-Enveloped Cathode Composite for High Power Li-S Batteries.

In Lithium sulfur (Li-S) batteries the sulfur host material is a significant area of research that could impart enhanced conductivity and alleviate the shuttling of polysulfides. In the present study, graphene oxide- sulfur, GO-S was synthesized in melt diffusion method by exploring the two different strategies: Ambient (G2-M) and Inert (G2-T) conditions. Within the cathode, efficient storage of S with sufficient space in GO interlayers was outperformed by G2-T method. Further with PEDOT nanostructures enveloped by oxidative polymerisation proves to be a robust conductive layer and an adsorbing agent. It is evidenced physicochemically by XRD, FTIR, TGA, HR-SEM. Moreover, in addition to the supporting studies, high binding energies of 168.3 and 169.5 eV confirms the superior performance of PEDOT/GO-S (G3-T) as most suitable cathode within the system. The electrochemical behaviour of G3-T possess very low cell impedance with an excellent cyclic reversibility in CV during (de)lithiation process. At 0.1 C, an initial discharge capacity of 868 mAh g-1 has been achieved confirming a high catalytic activity with a low polarisation potential of (ΔE=0.25) inducing fast reaction kinetics. Thus potential locking of sulfur under inert condition is explored with a proven OCV of 2.3 V with red LED glow.

Janus-type monolayer M2SSe (M = Ga, In, B, and al) as sulfur host materials for lithium-sulfur batteries: A first-principles study

Lithium-sulfur batteries (LSBs) are notable for their outstanding energy density, economic viability, and environmental friendliness, positioning them as a leading option for future energy storage solutions. Nevertheless, the insulation of sulfur, the shuttle effect, and the sluggish redox kinetics limit their application. Hence, finding a suitable sulfur host material is critical to improve the performance of LSBs. In this work, the comprehensive calculations of adsorption configurations, electronic properties, and Gibbs free energy during catalytic processes are conducted to reveal the unique advantages of Janus-type monolayer M2SSe (M = Ga, In, B, and Al) as a potential sulfur host material. The calculated results indicate that M2SSe monolayers exhibit semiconducting properties and effectively adsorb soluble lithium polysulfides, thereby enhancing the conductivity and response speed of LSBs, and suppressing the shuttle effect. Moreover, M2SSe exhibits bifunctional electrocatalytic ability, improving the conversion of lithium polysulfide during charging and discharging, thus effectively accelerating the redox kinetics of LSBs. Among the Janus-type M2SSe series, the Se-side of In2SSe exhibits the most promising characteristics. This study indicates that Janus-type monolayer M2SSe (M = Ga, In, B, and Al) effectively serves as a sulfur host material for LSBs, overcoming critical challenges and improving overall performance.

Graphene-like porous carbon sheet/carbon nanotube composite as sulfur host for lithium-sulfur batteries

Graphene-like porous carbon sheet/carbon nanotube composite as sulfur host for lithium-sulfur batteries

Balancing high graphitization and porous structure in N-doped carbon lamella for effective sulfur host of Li[sbnd]S battery

Porous carbon synchronously with high conductivity and abundant porous structure is considered to be an effective sulfur host material for boosting the lithium-storage property in battery fields. Herein, a natural silk cocoon derived in-situ N-doping porous carbon lamella with ultrahigh graphitization degree is prepared by a facile synchronous carbonization and catalysis using the bimetallic mixed salts of FeCl3 and ZnCl2. The pore structure and graphitization degree are easily regulated by changing carbonization temperature to balance the synergistic adsorption and conversion actions toward the polysulfides adhered to porous carbon lamellar. When the carbon lamellar is used to design sulfur cathode, the abundant porous structure not only encapsulates active sulfur, but also facilitates electrolyte infiltration. The shuttle effect of polysulfides can be restrained by the synergistic adsorption of porous structure and N-doping. Especially, the ultrahigh graphitized carbon lamellas provide an excellent conductive network for the favorable redox conversion of polysulfide species during charge/discharge. Owing to the structure merits of the porous carbon lamella prepared at 1000 °C, the corresponding carbon/sulfur composite cathode delivers a first discharge capacity of 807.7 mAh g−1 at 0.2C. Even at a current rate of 1C, the stable long cycling performance of 1000 cycles is still maintained. This high graphitized porous carbon materials will provide potential application in other energy-storage fields.

Cobalt Ditelluride Meets Tellurium Vacancy: An Efficient Catalyst as a Multifunctional Polysulfide Mediator toward Robust Lithium-Sulfur Batteries.

The commercialization of lithium-sulfur batteries (LSBs) faces significant challenges due to persistent issues, such as the shuttle effect of lithium polysulfides (LiPSs) and the slow kinetics of cathodic reactions. To address these limitations, this study proposes a vacancy-engineered cobalt ditelluride catalyst (v-CoTe2) supported on nitrogen-doped carbon as a sulfur host at the cathode. Density functional theory calculations and experimental results indicate that the electron configuration modulation of v-CoTe2 enhances the chemical affinity and catalytic activity toward LiPS. Specifically, v-CoTe2 can strongly interact with PSs through multisite coordination, effectively facilitating the kinetics of the LiPS redox reaction. Furthermore, the introduction of Te vacancies generates a large number of spin-polarized electrons, further enhancing the reaction kinetics of LiPS. As a result, the v-CoTe2@S cathode demonstrates high initial capacity and excellent cyclic stability, maintaining 80.4% capacity after 500 cycles at a high current rate of 3 C. Even under a high sulfur load of 6.7 mg cm-2, a high areal capacity of 6.1 mA h cm-2 is retained after 50 cycles. These findings highlight the significant potential of Te vacancies in CoTe2 as a sulfur host material for LSBs.

Biomass‐Derived Porous Carbon Modified with Black Phosphorus Nanosheets as Effective Sulfur Host for Lithium‐Sulfur Batteries

AbstractThe shuttle effect and slow oxidation‐reduction reactions of the cathode in lithium‐sulfur batteries limit its practical application and development. Herein, porous carbon derived from pollen modified by black phosphorus nanosheets (BP/N−C) have been synthesized and utilized as a sulfur host in Li−S batteries. From the compositional outlook, the biomass‐derived carbon forms a unique three‐dimensional skeleton structure, exhibiting excellent properties, such as high porosity and high conductivity. Upon modified with black phosphorus, the BP/N−C composite materials demonstrate enhanced adsorption ability and catalytic activity toward lithium polysulfides (LiPSs). The BP/N−C/S cathode electrode presents a high initial specific discharge capacity of 1009.6 mAh g−1 and a low capacity decay rate of 0.08% per cycle during 150 cycles at 0.2 C rate. Besides, the BP/N C/S cathode electrode exhibits the superior rate performance (508 mAh g−1 at 5 C).

Waste to Wealth: One-Step Exfoliating of Spent Graphite to Build a Low-Cost Cathode for Lithium-Sulfur Batteries.

With the booming development of Li-ion batteries (LIBs), the recycling and reusing of spent graphite (SG) from LIBs is becoming increasingly crucial. Meanwhile, developing low-cost and efficient carbon hosts for lithium-sulfur (Li-S) batteries has gained widespread attention in the past decade. Nevertheless, the processing of carbon materials as sulfur hosts is often energy-consuming and complex. Herein, a simple and environmental-friendly strategy is proposed to reuse the SG to prepare graphene/sulfur composite cathode for Li-S batteries. Due to expanded layer spacing and defects of SG, sulfur molecules can strip it into a graphene-type host via ball milling. By optimizing the S/SG ratio and ball milling time, the as-prepared graphene/sulfur composite cathode with 70 wt.% sulfur content exhibits a high capacity of 1000 mAh g-1. With a high sulfur loading of 4.68 mg cm-2, the graphene/sulfur cathode can maintain 526 mAh g-1 after 400 cycles. This work provides a novel waste-to-wealth perspective for recycling spent graphite from LIBs to reuse in Li-S batteries.

Single-Step PECVD Synthesis of Graphene@Carbon Nanotubes Electrocatalyst.

Graphene (Gr) and carbon nanotubes (CNTs), the two intriguing carbon nanomaterials, have presented great potential in serving as high-performance electrocatalysts in lithium-sulfur (Li-S) chemistry. The concurrent management of both materials would achieve a promoted synergistic effect. Nevertheless, there still remains a lack of an effective material synthesis route. Herein, a single-step plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PECVD) strategy is devised to prepare Gr@CNTs heterostructures with strong bonded connections. In the PECVD system, the damaged sidewalls generated in CNT tubes can serve as appropriate nucleation sites for further Gr growth. The formation mechanisms are thoroughly explored in aspects of both experimental characterizations and theoretical calculations. To confirm the validity of this approach, thus-constructed Gr@CNTs architectures are employed as the sulfur host, enabling boosted redox kinetics of polysulfides. This project provides fundamental insight into the mechanism exploration for single-step PECVD growth of Gr@CNTs heterostructure, hence promoting the practical application prospect of carbon nanomaterials toward Li-S systems.

Exploration of experimentally feasible α-AsP as promising sulfur host material with superior electrochemic features for lithium-sulfur battery

Lithium-sulfur (Li-S) battery has become an ideal energy storage system due to high energy density and theoretical specific capacity. For the application of such a technique, a key is to find out a suitable sulfur host material. In this work, we, via examinations of 372 possible polysulfide@α-AsP configurations based on density functional theory (DFT), evaluated the potential of experimentally synthesized two-dimensional (2D) α-AsP structure as a promising sulfur host material of Li-S battery. Interestingly, we, revealed that polysulfides, that are caught on α-AsP substrate, can well maintain geometrical characteristics of isolated ones. Furthermore, some enthralling electrochemic features were revealed: (a) Adsorption energies of soluble polysulfides on α-AsP are lower than those on 1,2-dimethoxyethane (DME) and 1,3-dioxolane (DOL), which enables α-AsP to exhibit a good anchoring ability for the suppression of shuttle effect; (b) In particular, low rate-limiting barrier of 0.50 eV of sulfur reduction reaction (SRR) and low Li2S decomposition barrier of 0.70 eV were demonstrated, which renders α-AsP to be a bifunctional catalyst for high conversion efficiencies; (c) In addition, we also observed that α-AsP can provide a platform for rapid Li ion diffusion with a low energy barrier of 0.15 eV, which further facilitates charging/discharging processes of Li-S battery. Our findings disclose a feasible sulfur host material with superior electrochemic features for high-performance Li-S battery.

Unique flake-shaped sulfur morphology favored by the binder-free electrophoretically deposited TiO2 layer as a promising cathode structure for Li-S batteries

Metal oxides have been extensively studied as catalyst additives in Li-S batteries due to their high affinity for soluble lithium polysulfides (LiPSs). The present study developed a novel carbon nanomaterials- and binder-free 3D sulfur host by electrophoretic deposition (EPD) of TiO2 nanoparticles on carbon fiber paper (CFP). Benefiting from the unique well-connected TiO2 porous layer formed by EPD, the initial discharge capacity of Li-S battery was increased from 1160 mAh g−1 in conventional cast TiO2/binder/S cathode (Cast:CFP/PVDF/TiO2/S) to 1310 mAh g−1 in the EPD:CFP/TiO2/S cathode, along with an overpotential drop of 16 %. Electron microscopic studies at 100% state-of-charge (SoC) revealed that while notorious sulfur particulates were formed on Cast:CFP/PVDF/TiO2/S, the surface of EPD:CFP/TiO2/S was covered with flake-shaped sulfur precipitates. The formation of sulfur flakes effectively suppressed pulverization in EPD:CFP/TiO2/S, leading to superior electrochemical performance and cycle life. Microstructural studies and real-time EIS investigations revealed that sulfur flakes nucleated across the Li2S matrix at the initial stages of charge and grew vertically from the sulfur/TiO2 interface. The preferential growth mechanism of sulfur flakes was attributed to the superior surface conductance of the EPD-TiO2 film enabled by the ordered clusters formed during EPD, enhancing the kinetics of electrocatalytic reactions of polysulfides at the TiO2/sulfur interface. Our results show that developing novel methods to modify the morphology of secondary sulfur upon cycling is critical for enhancing charge-discharge performance in Li-S batteries.

Single-Atom Cobalt Catalyst with Boron and Nitrogen Codoped Graphene (Co-BN-G) Enables Adsorption and Catalytic Conversion of Polysulfides for High-Performance Lithium-Sulfur Batteries.

In lithium-sulfur batteries, the shuttling effect and sluggish redox conversion of soluble polysulfides lead to unsatisfactory sulfur utilization and capacity retention. In this research, we used a one-pot hydrothermal method to prepare graphene with single-atom Co and B, N codoped as a sulfur host in Li-S batteries, thereby suppressing the shuttling effect and facilitating the redox conversion of lithium polysulfides (LiPSs). A series of characterizations demonstrated that dual doping of B and N introduces more lattice defects and structural deformations in graphene oxide, thus enhancing its adsorption of polysulfides. Simultaneously, single-atom cobalt can also polarize adsorption and accelerate the conversion reaction of LiPSs. The Li-S cell with the as-prepared Co-BN-G sulfur host materials exhibited an excellent capacity of 1034 mAh g-1 at 0.5 C and satisfactory cycle performance (retention of 69% over 500 cycles). Even at a rate of 2 C, a discharge capacity of 851 mAh g-1 is achieved. The results show that the Co-BN-G configuration efficiently captures LiPSs and enhances their rate conversion kinetics in redox reactions, demonstrating significant practical potential.