Sulphamic Acid Single Crystals Research Articles

Enhancing optical properties in sulphamic acid single crystals through caesium doping for advanced NLO applications

Enhancing optical properties in sulphamic acid single crystals through caesium doping for advanced NLO applications

Mild shock waves and enhanced optical characteristics of sulphamic acid single crystals doped with pyridine-2-carboxylic acid

Mild shock waves and enhanced optical characteristics of sulphamic acid single crystals doped with pyridine-2-carboxylic acid

Optical studies of fluorescein dye doped sulphamic acid single crystal

Fluorsceine, a dye used in lasers and non-linear optics have been studied for its interaction with crystal matrix (Sulphamic acid). Present study reveals the effect of fluorescein dye on sulphamic acid single crystals that are grown by slow evaporation solution technique at room temperature. Cell Parameters and crystal structure of pure sulphamic and 0.1 mol % fluorescein dye doped crystals is confirmed by Single Crystal XRD. The crystal structure is found to be orthorhombic and space group Pbca. Slight increase is noticed in cell parameters. Vibrational bands are assigned by FTIR and Raman spectroscopy. UV–Vis spectroscopy is also studied to find out band gap energy which is found to increase from 5.13 eV to 5.2 eV due to dye doping in crystal. Decrease in cutoff wavelength confirms that the synthesized crystals are permissible material for electro-optic application.

Growth, characterization, and anti-bacterial activity of l-methionine supplemented with sulphamic acid single crystals

Abstract Sulphamic acid (SA) crystals supplemented with l-methionine (LM) were grown at moderate temperatures using a slow evaporation procedure. The powder XRD pattern showed that LM supplemented with SA (LMSA) crystals have an orthorhombic crystal structure. The FTIR studies confirmed the presence of various vibrational modes. Using a UV-Vis spectrometer, the transmittance of LMSA in the UV and visible range was observed, and the band gap of the LMSA was also calculated. The hardness value of LMSA was higher compared to that of pure SA. Photoluminescence emission studies of LMSA pointed out emissions at 491 and 542 nm, which were attributed to the transition from the 5D4 state to 7F6 and 7F5 ground, respectively. LMSA crystals were effective in killing pathogenic bacteria, according to the studies on their anti-bacterial activity.

Influence of Sm doping on the optical, mechanical, electrical, thermal and z-scan analysis of sulphamic acid single crystal for nonlinear optical device applications

Influence of Sm doping on the optical, mechanical, electrical, thermal and z-scan analysis of sulphamic acid single crystal for nonlinear optical device applications

Imidazole added sulphamic acid single crystals with optimal properties for optoelectric devices

Single crystals of imidazole incorporated sulphamic acid (IMSA) of 12 × 7 × 7 mm3 dimension were successfully grown by slow evaporation technique. XRD study reveals that the grown crystal has the tetragonal structure. Various chemical groups formed in the sample have been found by FTIR spectral study. The linear optical parameters such as transmittance, reflectance, absorption coefficient, extinction coefficient, refractive index, optical conductivity and electrical conductivity of IMSA crystal have been analyzed Using UV–visible spectroscopy. Hardness studies reveal that the crystal shows reverse indentation size effect. An antibacterial activity developed by IMSA crystals against different pathogenic bacteria were examined using the Agar disk diffusion process. The antibacterial inhibitory activity of IMSA crystal revealed that it can be used to treat a variety of bacterial infections.

Growth and characterization of L - isolucine added sulphamic acid single crystals

Growth and characterization of L - isolucine added sulphamic acid single crystals

Crystal growth, optical, thermal, mechanical and third-order nonlinear optical properties of L-lysine hydrochloride-doped sulphamic acid single crystals for optical applications

L-lysine hydrochloride-doped sulphamic acid (SA) crystals have been grown by slow evaporation technique. X-ray diffraction experiments confirmed the orthorhombic structure of SA crystal. The doped crystals have high transmission than the pure SA crystal. TG and DTA studies exhibit the title crystals are thermal stability up to 212 °C (pure), 210 °C (1 mol%) and 207 °C (2 mol%). The enhancement of the hardness value in the doped crystal was confirmed by the hardness test. The etch pit density was measured using chemical etching study. The photosensitivity of the grown crystals is 0.10 (pure), 0.36 (1 mol%) and 0.72 (2 mol%). The laser damage threshold (LDT) analyses show that the L-lysine hydrochloride-doped SA crystals have more LDT value than the pure SA crystal. Third-order NLO susceptibility was found to be 5.004, 5.864 and 6.050 × 10–10 esu for pure and L-lysine hydrochloride-doped (1 and 2 mol %) SA crystals, respectively.

Optical, thermal and nonlinear optical properties of amaranth dye-doped sulphamic acid single crystals

The optically transparent single crystals of pure and amaranth dye-doped (0.1 and 0.2 mol%) sulphamic acid (SA) are grown by slow evaporation solution technique. The unit cell parameters of the grown crystals were calculated by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. The various planes and its crystallinity were analysed by powder X-ray diffraction studies. The presence of amaranth dye molecules in the grown SA crystal lattice was confirmed by energy dispersive X-ray analysis. The optical quality of the crystal was analysed by ultraviolet–visible analysis and it reveals that the grown crystals have the good optical transmission in the whole visible region. No weight loss observed up to 212 °C, 214 °C (0.1 mol%) and 215 °C (0.2 mol%) for pure and amaranth dye-doped SA crystals, respectively. The increasing hardness and laser damage threshold properties of the crystals may be due to the incorporation of amaranth dye in the SA crystal lattices. Photoconductivity analysis shows that the pure and doped SA crystals possess negative photoconductive nature. The third-order nonlinear optical susceptibility values also increased as an effect of amaranth dopant.

Crystal growth, optical, thermal, laser damage threshold, photoconductivity and third-order nonlinear optical studies of KCl doped sulphamic acid single crystals

Good quality of pure and 1 mol% KCl doped sulphamic acid (SA) single crystal was grown by the solvent evaporation technique. The grown crystals belong to an orthorhombic structure. The peak present in the frequency region between 2870 and 3137 cm−1 is owing to NH3+ stretching vibration. The addition of dopant enhances the transmittance and mechanical strength of the SA crystal. The intense emission bands are obtained at 335 and 424 nm for pure and 337 and 468 nm for 1 mol% KCl doped SA crystal, respectively. The first decomposition point observed at 229 °C and 232 °C for pure and doped SA crystals, respectively. Laser damage threshold resistant of the crystals is 57, 89 and 132 mJ for KDP, pure and 1 mol% KCl doped SA crystals, respectively. The negative photoconductivity nature of title crystals was confirmed by photoconductivity studies. The third-order nonlinear optical (TONLO) susceptibility (χ3) of the pure and doped crystal is 5.004 × 10−10 esu and 7.848 × 10−10 esu, respectively. All the results show that the grown crystals have good transmittance, high LDT, mechanical, thermal and large susceptibility values. So, the title crystals are potential material for NLO applications.

Effect of MgSO4 on sulphamic acid single crystals and their structural, optical, mechanical, thermal and third order nonlinear optical studies

The present paper studies the effect of MgSO4 on the properties of sulphamic acid (SA) single crystal. Powder and single crystal X-ray diffraction studies confirm that pure, 1 mol% and 2 mol% MgSO4 doped sulphamic acid crystals belong to the orthorhombic crystal system. The optical quality of the grown crystals has been analyzed by Ultra Violet (UV) visible studies and it confirms that grown crystals have lower cut off wavelength at 210, 206, 202 nm, respectively. The thermal stability of the crystals has been confirmed by thermogravimetric-differential thermal analysis (TG-DTA) analysis. The mechanical strength of the crystals has been investigated by the Vickers microhardness test. Laser damage threshold (LDT) values are calculated by Nd: YAG laser. Photoconductivity results exhibit that the negative photoconductive nature of the crystals. The third order NLO parameters were calculated by the Z-scan study.

Effect of NaCl on the properties of sulphamic acid single crystals

Single crystals of pure and NaCl doped sulphamic acid (SA) were grown by slow evaporation method at room temperature. The lattice parameters and structure were determined by using single crystal and powder X-ray diffraction analyses. The presence of dopant in the SA lattice was affirmed by EDAX analysis. UV-Vis spectra show maximum transmittance in the visible region. The band gap energies were found to be 6.06 eV and 5.70 eV for pure and NaCl doped SA crystals respectively. From the PL specta the emission were observed at 335 and 424 nm for pure and 340 and 428 nm for doped SA crystal. The thermal stability of the grown crystals were analyzed by thermogravimetric and differential thermal analysis (TGA/DTA) and revealed that the grown crystals were thermally stable up to 331 ̊C and 334 ̊C for pure and NaCl doped SA. Vickers microhardness study reveals that the hardness of the crystals is increase with increasing load. The photoconductivity study shows that the grown crystals are negative photoconductive nature. The Laser Damage Threshold (LDT) indicates the grown crystals have good resistance to laser radiation than a standard Potassium dihydrogen phosphate (KDP) crystal. The Z-scan technique was employed to determine the nonlinear refractive index, nonlinear optical absorption and third order nonlinear optical (TONLO) susceptibility of the grown crystals using He–Ne laser.

Growth of a bulk-size single crystal of sulphamic acid by an in-house developed seed rotation solution growth technique and its characterization

A bulk sulphamic acid single crystal has been grown by a modified seed rotation technique. The lattice dimensions of the grown single crystal were confirmed using powder X-ray diffraction, and it was found that it crystallized in an orthorhombic structure with space group Pbca. The strain in the lattice was calculated by the Williamson–Hall equation. The crystalline perfection was examined by high-resolution X-ray diffraction and found to be extremely good (the single peak of the rocking curve having an FWHM of ∼8.0′′). The luminescence behaviour was recorded in the wavelength region between 400 and 630 nm using an Xe flash lamp which acts as an excitation source. The shock damage threshold was measured for the grown crystal in order to determine the mechanical capability of the title compound. The thermal parameter of sulphamic acid was calculated by photoacoustic spectroscopy.

Optical emissions of Ce3+ doped Sulphamic acid single crystals by low temperature unidirectional growth technique

Cerium doped Sulphamic acid (SA) single crystal was synthesized and grown in large size for its cerium ion optical emissions. The photoluminescence emission of unidirectional grown crystals was found to have a broad band from 300 nm to 400 nm, centered at 318 nm (5d → 4f (2F5/2, 2F7/2), due to ground state crystal field splitting. The respective excitation spectra show peak at 273 nm, which is attributed to transitions from the 4f(2F5/2) ground state to first and second excited level of 5d configuration of Ce3+. The nature of decay curve is bi exponential with an average decay life time (τavg) of 20.12 ns. The lattice parameters were determined by X-ray diffraction analysis and the crystalline perfection of grown single crystals have been checked by High Resolution X-ray Diffraction (HRXRD) studies. The vacancy defects are predominant and causes tensile stress in the lattice by incorporation of Ce3+ ions. Functional group analysis and SEM with EDAX reveals that Ce3+ ion is incorporated in the crystal system. The lower cutoff wavelength found at 340 nm and the respective band gap was calculated as 4.6eV. The dielectric measurements were done at different temperatures and the nonlinear optical efficiency was observed as 3.5 times that of standard potassium dihydrogen phosphate (KDP) single crystals. In the present study, sulphamic acid acts as a prominent host material for probing Ce3+ ion emissions for optical device applications.

Detection of anomalies in NLO sulphamic acid single crystals by ultrasonic and thermal studies

The ultrasonic pulse echo overlap technique (PEO) has been used to measure the velocities of 10 MHz acoustic waves in sulphamic acid single crystals in the range of 300–400 K. This study evaluated all the elastic stiffness constants, compliance constants and Poisson’s ratios of the crystal. The temperature variations of the elastic constants have been determined. The phase transition studies above room temperature were investigated using ultrasonic PEO technique. This study has suggested new weak elastic anomalies for the crystal around 330 K. The transverse elastic constants C 44 and C 66 have shown clear thermal hysteresis of 2 K. The present differential scanning calorimetric (DSC) studies carried out at a slow heating rate have also suggested weak phase transition around 331 K. The present elastic and thermal studies have been substantiated by already reported DC electrical conductivity studies around 330 K.

Growth and Characterization of N,N'-Dimethylurea Admixtured Sulphamic acid Single Crystals

Growth and Characterization of N,N'-Dimethylurea Admixtured Sulphamic acid Single Crystals

Growth of Large Size 〈100〉 Sulphamic Acid Single Crystal by Unidirectional Growth Setup

Growth of Large Size 〈100〉 Sulphamic Acid Single Crystal by Unidirectional Growth Setup

Growth and Characterisation of Thiourea Doped Sulphamic Acid Single Crystals

Thiourea doped Sulphamic acid (Th : SA) single crystals were grown successfully by slow-evaporation technique. To identify the morphology and structure, the as grown crystals were subjected to characterization like powder and single XRD analysis. UVVis-NIR spectrum and FTIR studies are performed to identify the cut-off wavelength and the various functional groups present in the grown crystal. Second harmonic generation were investigated to study the linear and nonlinear optical properties. In order to ascertain the thermal stability of the crystal, thermo-gravimetric analysis (TGA), differential thermo-gravimetric analysis (DTA) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) were also carried out.

Growth and Characterisation of Lanthanum Doped Sulphamic Acid Single Crystal

The Lanthanum doped Sulphamic Acid (SA) single crystal was grown by slow evaporation solution growth technique. The Presence of Lanthanum was confirmed by EDAX. The unit cell parameters of the grown crystal were confirmed by single crystal X-ray diffraction. The functional groups of the grown crystal were found by FT-IR study. Thermal and UV-vis absorption studies were performed to know the thermal and optical behaviours of the grown crystal respectively.

Dielectric Studies of Lanthanum and Cerium Doped Sulphamic Acid Single Crystals

Every material has a unique set of electrical characteristics that are dependent on its dielectric or insulation properties. In the present work, Lanthanum and Cerium doped sulphamic acid single crystals (La : SA) and (Ce : SA) were grown by slow solvent evaporation technique at room temperature and their dielectric properties are studied. The variation of dielectric constants, dielectric loss and conductivity at different temperatures and frequencies in the applied field are measured and their electrical behaviors are analyzed.