Sulfamylon Acetate Research Articles

Methemoglobinemia resulting from absorption of 4% sulfamylon acetate gel

Methemoglobinemia resulting from absorption of 4% sulfamylon acetate gel

Treatment of burns by irrigation with 3.9% aqueous solution of sulfamylon acetate (a clinical study)

Irrigation with 3.9% Sulfamylon acetate aqueous solution was used for the treatment of burns of the limbs in 54 burned patients, with satisfactory results. This method employs micro-porous polyethylene tubing which enables uniform leakage of an antibacterial solution into the surrounding dressings to lake place. Adequate concentration of the antibacterial drug in the burn wound is maintained with effective control of bacterial growth. The method is simple and saves both time and effort on the part of the nursing staff, and is particularly applicable to the treatment of mass burn casualties.

The absorption into burned skin of Sulfamylon acetate from 5 percent aqueous solution

The absorption into burned skin of Sulfamylon acetate from 5 percent aqueous solution

The absorption of C14-labeled Sulfamylon acetate through burned skin. I. Experimental methods and initial observations

The absorption of C14-labeled Sulfamylon acetate through burned skin. I. Experimental methods and initial observations

Treatment of infected surface lesions with sulfamylon acetate cream.

Treatment of infected surface lesions with sulfamylon acetate cream.

Effect of sulfamylon acetate on wound healing.

Effect of sulfamylon acetate on wound healing.

Further trials of chemoprophylaxis for burns: The value of sulfamylon and of more frequent dressings

In a controlled trial, burns treated with daily applications of 0.5 per cent silver nitrate cream became colonized with <i>Proteus</i> spp. and miscellaneous coliform bacilli less frequently than comparable groups of burns treated every few days with applications of the same cream, or of 1 per cent silver nitrate cream and of 10 per cent sulfamylon acetate cream; <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i> was also less common in the group treated with daily dressings of 0.5 per cent silver nitrate than in the other groups, but the numbers of <i>Pseudomonas</i> infections were too small for a statistically significant difference. Of the swabs from burns treated with daily applications of silver nitrate 42 per cent showed no bacterial growth, compared with 20–27 per cent of the swabs from burns on which antibacterial creams were applied every few days.

Safeguards in the use of topical mafenide (Sulfamylon) in burned patients

Some practical guidelines are suggested for the use of Sulfamylon Acetate burn cream in major thermal injury. Knowledge and experience with the complications of this drug have permitted evolution of safeguards which lessen the incidence and minimize the severity of allergic and metabolic phenomena. Awareness of incipient acidosis and corrective measures may prevent fatal metabolic derangements. The usefulness of Sulfamylon Acetate burn cream is related to the ability of the surgeon to anticipate and prevent its complications.

Sulfamylon acetate in the treatment of pseudomonas pyocyanea infection of burns

Summary Sulfamylon acetate is a synthetic antiseptic which is particularly active against Pseudomonas pyocyanea . It is free from the disadvantages of the hydrochloride previously used. Seven patients with extensive burns infected with pseudomonas were treated. In six the infection was soon brought under control and these patients recovered. One patient already had septic˦mia when treatment was commenced and he died. Five patients with extensive burns were treated prophylactically and none became infected with pseudomonas. The use of Sulfamylon acetate has reduced the incidence of pseudomonas infection in the ward as a whole. In a controlled trial comparing Sulfamylon with N.C.P. cream there was no significant difference in the incidence of pseudomonas infection. Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus proteus were more frequent in the Sulfamylon group than in the N.C.P. group, but the incidence of significant clinical infection was very low in both groups. It is suggested that the frequency of dressings may have something to do with this result.

Sensitivity of hospital strains of PS. ˦ruginosa to sulfamylon acetate

Summary The sensitivity of 55 strains of Ps. ˦ruginosa , isolated from infected patients in two general hospitals, has been determined to Sulfamylon acetate. Fifty-three strains were sensitive to 1·25 mg./ml. or less of the drug. Increased resistance to the drug was demonstrated in 25 of 27 strains tested by serial passage of the organisms in the presence of the drug. It is felt that this would not constitute a hazard in clinical practice provided that adequate treatment is maintained for an adequate time.

DISCUSSION PAPER: CHEMOTHERAPY OF PSEUDOMONAS SEPTICEMIA IN BURNED MICE

Several investigators1–4 have shown that burned animals are quite susceptible to systemic invasion by Pseudomonas aeruginosa. We have produced fatal septicemia in mice by immersion of the scalded tail (immersed in water at 70°C for five sec) in cultures of Pseudomonas strain 180. For purposes of local therapy the tails have been enclosed in rubber tubing held in place by stapling to the loose skin at the base of the tail (figure 1). Therapy consisted of suspending the drugs in a vanishing cream base and injecting the suspension into the tubes, which were then sealed with a cork. Treatment was given six hr after challenge. Details of the techniques employed may be found in recent publications.5,6In a comparative study of eleven chemotherapeutic agents, six were highly effective in preventing death. (See table 1). The mortality with 8.5% sulfamylon acetate was 8%; 0.25% chloramphenicol, 0.5% gentamycin, 0.4% neomycin, and 1% streptomycin all produced zero mortality; 0.5 sulfadiazine gave 10% mortality. Little effect on survival was observed from 0.2% polymyxin, 0.1% colimycin, 0.25% tetracycline, 0.25% penicillin G, or 0.5% silver nitrate. Ninetythree% of untreated animals died and 90% with the vanishing cream alone.5A similar study was carried out on mice treated systemically, and without local therapy. Treatment was begun six hr after the challenge and repeated once daily for four additional days. It was found that sulfadiazine given orally in doses of 100 to 500 mg/kg brought about complete survival, and streptomycin administered subcutaneously in doses of 100 mg/kg produced 90% survival (table 2). The drugs currently in use, polymyxin, colimycin, and gentamycin had little effect in the usual therapeutic doses.A comparison of in vivo activity with in vitro sensitivity revealed that test tube activity is not a reliable index of therapeutic action (table 3). Gentamycin, polymyxin, and colimycin were bacteriostatic at 1 μg per ml. Only gentamycin exhibited local activity, and colimycin was without effect systemically. Chloramphenicol, sulfadiazine, and streptomycin were equally active in vitro (25 μg/ml). All were effective locally, but systemically, chloramphenicol was inactive while sulfadiazine and streptomycin were most effective.