Suicide Attempts In Women Research Articles

Interaction Effects between Intentional Poison, Suicide Attempts, Psychological Disorders, and Gender Using Log-linear Models Approach

Background: Based on research evidence, intentional poisoning has a relatively high prevalence among people with psychiatric disorders, and the diagnosis of psychological disorders can be an important predictor of suicide attempts and their recurrence. Gender presents a determinant in the occurrence of psychiatric conditions and suicidal behaviors. Objective: This study aimed to investigate the relationship between suicide attempts, psychiatric disorders, and gender in individuals hospitalized due to intentional poisoning. Methods: This study used the data obtained from the disease registration program based on the data of the patients hospitalized due to intentional poisoning during a two-year followup (2021-2022), including a total of 658 patients. In this study, log-linear models were used to assess the relationships between the main variables that independently entered the model. The outputs of the log-linear model we reanalyzed as independent, two-way, threeway, and saturated models using relevant fit indices. Finally, the results of the best model were presented. Results: Based on the conditional values retrieved from the final model, the risk of intentional poisoning was lower in women than in men after adjusting for the variables of a history of suicide attempts and the results of psychological assessment (OR=0.25, 95% CI: 0.16-0.37, p = < 0.001). The risk of suicide attempts in women suffering from underlying psychiatric disorders (OR=1.57, 95% CI: 0.81-2.99, p = 0.188) and in women without underlying psychiatric disease, which was not statistically significant (OR=1.07, 95% CI: 0.47-2.69, p = 0.785). Also, the results showed that the risk of psychiatric disorders in people who had a prior suicide attempt (OR= 1.88, 95% CI: 1.05-2.25, p = < 0.001) and in women (OR=1.92, 95% CI: 1.05-2.77, p = < 0.001) was statistically significant. Conclusion: Based on our findings, men suffering from underlying psychological disorders and prior suicide attempts had a higher risk for intentional poisoning. On the other hand, among people without a history of suicide attempts and without underlying psychological disorders, the risk of intentional poisoning was higher in women. Moreover, a positive history of suicide attempts in both genders significantly increases the risk of having a psychological disorder. Therefore, it seems that underlying psychological disorders and a positive history of suicide attempts render women more vulnerable to intentional poisoning than men. Overall, it is suggested to consider screening for psychological disorders as a preventive measure in individuals proven to have intentional poisoning and suicide attempts, especially in men.

Impact of Addiction in Family Members in Women's Suicide Attempts: A Case-control Study

Background: Although the effect of drug addiction on suicide attempts has been extensively studied, not enough attention has been paid to the role of family members’ drug addiction in women’s suicide attempts. Objectives: The present study aimed to examine the impact of drug addiction in the family on women’s suicide attempts. Methods: This case-control study was conducted on 220 women, aged 15 - 65 years, with a history of suicide attempts, as well as 220 control women without a history of suicide attempts in Golestan, Iran, during 2020. Demographic characteristics, as well as data pertaining to drug abuse and mental health variables, were collected. Firth’s penalized logistic regression method was used for multivariate analysis and modeling, and the area under the curve (AUC) and net reclassification improvement (NRI) were measured to determine the added diagnostic value. Results: The AUC increased by 4.6% by adding the variable of “addiction in the family” to the model, which consisted of variables, including the blood group, education level, living area, tobacco smoking, and experience of suicidal thoughts. Besides, the NRI was equal to 0.61. Conclusions: Drug addiction in the family is an effective factor for suicide attempts in women. Consequently, women whose parents or partners are drug addicts are at a higher risk of suicide attempts.

Protective factors against suicide attempt in Iranian Kurdish women: a qualitative content analysis

BackgroundA proper understanding of the protective factors against suicide attempt can provide the basis for planning preventive interventions. This study aimed to identify protective factors against suicide attempt among women.MethodsThis qualitative study was conducted in Kermanshah, Iran between January and May 2021. Participants were 20 Kurdish women, survivors of suicide attempt, selected by purposive sampling method. The data collection method was face-to face and audio-recorded semi-structured interview. Qualitative data analysis was done according to Diekelmann 7-step approach.FindingsAccording to the results, the main topic was protective factors against suicide attempt in women, with two categories; “Individual factors” and “Social factors”. “Individual factors” had five subcategories including coping strategies, reasons for living, resilience, religious beliefs, and fear of death, and “social factors” had two subcategories including social support and effective communication.ConclusionThis study showed that women who intend to commit suicide may encounter some individual and social factors that play a protective role against suicide. It is recommended to identify and strengthen these protective factors for the effectiveness of suicide prevention interventions.

Increased Methylation of Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor (BDNF) Is Related to Emotionally Unstable Personality Disorder and Severity of Suicide Attempt in Women.

Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) has previously been associated with the pathogenesis of both emotionally unstable personality disorder (EUPD) and suicidal behavior. No study has yet investigated BDNF-associated epigenetic alterations in a group of severely impaired EUPD and suicidal patients. The discovery cohort consisted of 97 women with emotionally unstable personality disorder (EUPD) with at least two serious suicide attempts (SAs) and 32 healthy female controls. The genome-wide methylation pattern was measured by the Illumina EPIC BeadChip and analyzed by robust linear regression models to investigate mean BDNF methylation levels in a targeted analysis conditioned upon severity of suicide attempt. The validation cohort encompassed 60 female suicide attempters, stratified into low- (n = 45) and high-risk groups (n = 15) based on degree of intent-to-die and lethality of SA method, and occurrence of death-by-suicide at follow-up. Mean BDNF methylation levels exhibited increased methylation in relation to EUPD (p = 0.0159, percentage mean group difference ~3.8%). Similarly, this locus was confirmed as higher-methylated in an independent cohort of females with severe suicidal behavior (p = 0.0300). Results were independent of age and BMI. This is the first study to reveal emerging evidence of epigenetic dysregulation of BDNF with dependence on features known to confer increased risk of suicide deaths (lethality of suicide-attempt method and presence of EUPD diagnosis with history of recent SAs). Further studies investigating epigenetic and genetic effects of BDNF on severe suicidal behavior and EUPD are needed to further elucidate the role of epigenetic regulatory mechanisms and neurotrophic factors in relation to suicide and EUPD, and hold potential to result in novel treatment methods.

Unravelling psychiatric heterogeneity and predicting suicide attempts in women with trauma-related dissociation using artificial intelligence

ABSTRACT Background: Suicide is a leading cause of death, and rates of attempted suicide have increased during the COVID-19 pandemic. The under-diagnosed psychiatric phenotype of dissociation is associated with elevated suicidal self-injury; however, it has largely been left out of attempts to predict and prevent suicide. Objective: We designed an artificial intelligence approach to identify dissociative patients and predict prior suicide attempts in an unbiased, data-driven manner. Method: Participants were 30 controls and 93 treatment-seeking female patients with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and various levels of dissociation, including some with the PTSD dissociative subtype and some with dissociative identity disorder (DID). Results: Unsupervised learning models identified patients along a spectrum of dissociation. Moreover, supervised learning models accurately predicted prior suicide attempts with an F1 score up to 0.83. DID had the highest risk of prior suicide attempts, and distinct subtypes of dissociation predicted suicide attempts in PTSD and DID. Conclusions: These findings expand our understanding of the dissociative phenotype and underscore the urgent need to assess for dissociation to identify individuals at high-risk of suicidal self-injury.

Predictive factors for recurrent suicide attempts: Evidence from the ACTION-J study.

Risk factors for attempted suicide have been widely studied. However, there is limited evidence on predictive factors for suicide reattempts. We aimed to identify these in suicide attempters admitted to emergency departments. This is the second analysis from a randomized controlled multicenter trial, ACTION-J. Patient characteristics were extracted from baseline demographic data and clinical data of participants. Predictive factors for a recurrent suicide attempt in each gender were examined using Cox proportional hazards regression analysis. Dependent variables were months from trial entry to the first reattempt. Independent variables were characteristics regarded as potential predictive factors. The study included 914 adults (400 men and 514 women). A visit to a psychiatrist within a month of the suicide attempt was significantly associated with reattempts in men (hazard ratio [HR] 2.49, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.21-5.25). Substance-related disorders (HR 3.65, 95% CI 1.16-7.9.60), drinking alcohol less than once per month (HR 0.42, 95% CI 0.17-0.88), previous suicide attempts (HR 2.28, 95% CI 1.40-3.87), and taking a drug overdose for the first suicide attempt (HR 1.82, 95% CI 1.14-3.01) were significantly associated with reattempts in women. Our data highlight the importance of visits to a psychiatrist a short time before the first suicide attempt in men and substance-related disorder, previous suicide attempts, and drug overdose in the first suicide attempt in women as predictive factors for future suicide reattempts.

Socioeconomic Factors as Determinants of Suicidal Behaviors Among Adults in Nigeria

Objectives: Suicidal behavior is seen in the context of a variety of mental disorders and it is believed that suicide has become a serious issue in both developed and developing countries. This study was done to evaluate the associated factors of suicidal ideation and suicide attempt among Nigerian adults. Methods: The data were collected from Federal Medical Center Birnin Kebbi and the Ministry of Health and Welfare in Kebbi State, a nationally representative sample was recruited using a multi-stage clustering method. Results: Female gender, being divorced/widowed, lower education, and lower-income level were associated with suicidal ideation and suicide attempt (OR=1.56; CI=1.31–1.97, OR=1.91; CI=1.09–3.31). In particular, the effect of age on suicidal ideation presented a reverse pattern based on gender; there was a positive association for men and a negative association for women. Conclusion: This study suggested that low education, low-income level, marital status, and age were predominantly associated with the prevalence of suicidal ideation and suicide attempt in women than men.

Toxoplasma gondii Infection and Suicidal Behavior in People with Alcohol Consumption.

We determined the association between T. gondii infection and suicidal behavior in people with alcohol consumption. One-thousand four-hundred and twenty-three people with alcohol consumption were screened for suicidal behavior and tested for anti-T. gondii IgG and IgM antibodies using commercially available enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. Anti-T. gondii IgG antibodies were found in 34 of 224 (15.2%) individuals with suicidal ideation and in 118 (9.8%) of 1199 individuals without suicidal ideation (OR: 1.63; 95% CI: 1.08–2.47; p = 0.01). Seropositivity to T. gondii was associated with suicidal ideation in women (OR: 2.24; 95% CI: 1.33–3.78; p = 0.001) and in individuals aged ≤30 years (OR: 2.68; 95% CI: 1.22–5.87; p = 0.01) and >50 years (OR: 2.85; 95% CI: 1.19–6.77; p = 0.01). Anti-T. gondii IgG antibodies were found in 17 of 136 (12.5%) individuals with suicide attempts and in 135 (10.5%) of 1287 individuals without suicide attempts (OR: 1.21; 95% CI: 0.71–2.08; p = 0.47). Seroprevalence of T. gondii infection was associated with suicide attempts in women (OR: 1.88; 95% CI: 0.99–3.55; p = 0.04). No association between anti-T. gondii IgM and suicidal ideation or suicide attempts was found. Results suggest that T. gondii infection is associated with suicidal behavior in people with alcohol consumption.

Childhood Physical Abuse and Antisocial Traits: Mediating Role of Posttraumatic Stress Symptom Clusters.

Posttraumatic stress symptoms (PTSS) are associated with both childhood physical abuse (CPA) and antisocial (AS) traits, yet their potential as mediators of the CPA-AS traits link is understudied and the specific roles of individual symptom clusters in this relation is unknown. The current study aimed to examine the mediational role of PTSS in the relation between CPA and AS traits in a sample of low-income African American women with histories of intimate partner violence (IPV). It was hypothesized that avoidance would emerge as a significant mediator, whereas reexperiencing, numbing, and hyperarousal would not. Participants (N = 150) were recruited from a level-1 trauma public hospital and evaluated as part of a randomized controlled trial of a group therapy intervention for low-income, African American women suicide attempters with histories of IPV. The Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ), Posttraumatic Diagnostic Scale (PDS), and International Personality Disorder Examination-Screening Questionnaire (IPDE-SQ) were used to measure variables of interest. Using bootstrapping analyses, a parallel mediation model compared PTSS clusters as potential mediators of the CPA-AS traits relation, controlling for IPV. When reexperiencing, avoidance, numbing, and hyperarousal were entered simultaneously as potential mediators, only avoidance emerged as a significant mediator of the CPA-AS traits link. Avoidance symptoms may play a unique role in the link between early experiences of CPA and later AS traits among multiply traumatized African American women. Findings have implications for understanding AS traits in the context of early life trauma and suggest that targeting specific PTSS clusters (e.g., avoidance) may improve treatment outcomes for women in this population.

Suicide attempts in women with severe mental illness in the perinatal period

Suicide is one of the leading causes of perinatal maternal mortality (1). Maternal suicidality has a negative impact on the mother-baby relationship and child development. However, little is known about specific risk factors for perinatal suicide attempts in women with severe mental illness. In a sample of 1439 women with severe mental illness in the perinatal period and jointly admitted with their baby in a mother and baby unit, 154 (11.7%) attempted suicide, 49 in pregnancy (3.7%) and 105 (8.0%) in the post-partum period (2). Suicide attempt in pregnancy was related to alcohol use, smoking during pregnancy and a history of miscarriage, and in the post-partum period to major depressive episode or recurrent depression and younger age. Women who attempt suicide either in pregnancy or in the postnatal period could have different psychopathological and environmental profiles. Past obstetric history and addictive behaviours during pregnancy are essential elements to explore. In addition, depressive symptoms should be assessed in all women to treat major depression, as a means of preventing suicide attempt. Special attention to risk of suicide is needed during the perinatal period for women with severe mental illness. For women suffering from an acute psychiatric disorder, or a history of mental illness, multi-disciplinary management should be implemented. 1. Oates M. Suicide: the leading cause of maternal death. Br J Psychiatry. 2003;183:279-81. 2. Gressier F et al. Risk factors for suicide attempt in pregnancy and the post-partum period in women with serious mental illnesses. J Psychiatr Res. 2017;84:284-291.DisclosureNo significant relationships.

Domestic violence and suicide attempts among married women: A case-control study.

To investigate the impact of domestic violence-related factors on suicide attempt in married women. Suicide is a global public health concern that poses significant burden on individuals, families and communities. There is limited research on factors predicting suicide attempt in women. A retrospective case-control design was adopted. Using a convenience sampling method, 610 participants, admitted to a teaching referral hospital in Northwest of Iran, were recruited to the study and assigned to case or control groups based on whether or not they had attempted suicide. The participants in two groups were matched in the terms of important demographic characteristics. Domestic violence-related factors were considered as independent variables and suicide attempt as dependent variable. Descriptive statistics, and simple and multivariate logistic regression analysis were used to analyse the data. Odds ratios (OR) of domestic violence-related factors were compared between the groups. We used STROBE checklist as an EQUATOR in this study. The mean age of participants in the case and control groups was 28.4 and 29.45years, respectively. The infidelity was the strongest predictor of suicide attempt in women (OR 44.57, 95%CI 6.08-326. 63, p<0.001), followed by being threatened to physical assault by husband (OR 37.01, 95%CI 11.54-118.67, p<0.001), jealousy of husband (OR 23.46, 95%CI 11.63-47.30, p<0.001), and previous attempts to divorce (OR 16.55, 95%CI 5.91-46.31, p<0.001). Suicide attempt was significantly lower in women who reported a sense of peace in life or lived with their mother or father-in-law (p<0.001). To reduce the risk of suicide in women, violence against women should be condemned and appropriate prevention measures be taken by health professionals. Recognising risk, assessment and referral of victims of domestic violence should be an integral part of healthcare systems.

Circulating Levels of Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor and History of Suicide Attempts in Women.

A growing body of research examining biological factors associated with suicidal behaviors highlights the role of brain-derived neurotropic factor (BDNF), involved in neurogenesis and synaptic plasticity. There is evidence suggesting that suicide attempters have lower BDNF levels than those with no history of suicide attempts. The key question addressed in the current investigation is whether differences in circulating BDNF levels persist beyond the current suicidal episode and would be observed in those with a past history of suicide attempts (SA). Plasma levels of BDNF were assessed in 73 women from the community. We found that women with a history of SA exhibited lower levels of BDNF than women with no SA history and this difference was maintained after statistically controlling for the influence of other potential psychiatric or demographic factors. These findings support and extend existing research by suggesting that circulating BDNF levels are decreased among individuals with a history of SA compared to individuals with no history of SA. This relation appeared to be specific to women's history of SA and was not explained by other potential psychiatric or demographic factors, which further highlights the role of BDNF as a promising biomarker for suicidal behavior.

Childhood emotional abuse, self/other attachment, and hopelessness in African-American women

ABSTRACTThere is evidence that individuals emotionally abused as children endorse more hopelessness, a precursor of suicidal behavior in adulthood. However, there has been little focus on this association among African-Americans or on factors that may mediate the childhood emotional abuse (CEA) – adult hopelessness link. The present study examined whether CEA is linked to hopelessness in adulthood in African-American women suicide attempters and if adult self and other attachment models mediate this association. Participants included 116 African-American women recruited from a large, urban hospital. Results revealed that CEA had no direct effect on hopelessness in adulthood, but did have an indirect effect on hopelessness through attachment models. Bootstrapping analyses showed that higher levels of CEA were related to more negative self and other attachment models, which were then linked to higher levels of hopelessness. Implications for targeting attachment in suicide intervention programs are discussed.

Childhood Abuse, Nonsuicidal Self-Injury, and Suicide Attempts: An Exploration of Gender Differences in Incarcerated Adults.

The relationship between types of childhood abuse, suicide attempts, and nonsuicidal self-injury (NSSI) was examined in a sample of 415 incarcerated adults (268 men, 147 women). Men and women were equally likely to experience childhood abuse, although women were more likely to report sexual abuse and men were more likely to report emotional neglect. Sexual abuse was the only type of abuse found to predict NSSI and suicide attempts in women. For men, physical abuse and physical neglect were significant predictors of NSSI and suicide attempts, respectively. Gender differences exist and should be examined in future research in this area.

PS278. Association of testosterone levels and future suicide attempts in women with bipolar disorder: A prospective study

PS278. Association of testosterone levels and future suicide attempts in women with bipolar disorder: A prospective study

Suicide attempts associated with sexual violence: Women – Ecuador

ObjectiveDetermine the incidence of suicide attempts in women exposed to sexual violence in Ecuador.MaterialsWe applied a transversal descriptive study accomplished by the National Institute of Statistics and Census (INEC). The INEC recruited Ecuadorian women from 15-years-old and ahead, the surveys were focused on this population. Eighteen thousand and eight hundred (18,800) rural and urban housings were selected all over the country, 24 provinces. Date of the survey: November 16–December 15 of 2011. The sample included 737 women of several marital status (single, married and separated woman) who reported had been victims of sexual violence.ResultsThe average age of the sample was 28-years-old. The standard deviation was 21 years, ages: 15–25 years old: 14.265 (21.6%), 25–35-years-old: 9.324 (14.1%), 35–45-years-old: 8.132 (12.3%), 45–55-years-old: 6.283 (9.5%), 55–65-years-old: 4.302 (6.5%) and &gt; 65 years old: 23.745 (35.9%). The incidence of women who had attempted suicide due to sexual violence was 73.95% (545 of 737 women surveyed). According to the marital status, the incidence was 79.3% on single, 65.5% on married and 79.0% on separated women.ConclusionThe rate of suicide attempts in Ecuadorian women undergoing situations of sexual violence is very elevated. The traumatic incident in descending order according to the classification by marital status is: single, separated and married. It was identified the population of unmarried women in our society to be the most vulnerable to develop suicidal behaviors (8 out of 10 women). However, we must keep in mind that these statistics could be even higher due to the fear and rejection to expose personal traumatic experiences in conservative societies such as the Ecuadorian. These results represent a powerful call to the Mental Health Systems. They must increase protection and follow-up programs on sexually abused women in Ecuador and other Latin-American countries.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

Sociodemografic and Clinical Characteristics of Suicidal Cases who Attempted to Emergency Services in Ankara

Objective: The aim of the study is to determine the sociodemografic and clinical characteristics of suicide attempted cases who were admitted to the emergency departments of the hospitals in the first six months of 2010 in Ankara. Methods: Data were obtained by examining the suicide attempted registration forms that were filled out in the emergency services of hospitals working for the Ministry of Health retrospectively. Results: The incidence of suicide attempts in women (76.5%) is higher than men (23.5%). Suicide attempts are high in 15-24 group of age (59.3 %). The rate of suicide attempts is high in patients who were single (57.9 %) and students who were in education level of secondary (44.6 %) and high school (40.2 %). The most common hospitals that were applied are Ankara Training and Researsch Hospital (29.8%) and Kecioren Training and Research Hospital (12.4%). Also Mamak (19.7%) and Kecioren (17.2%) are towns that cases were seen mostly. The most applied method of suicide attempted is the usage of drugs and toxic substances with the 96.2%. The increment ratio of the suicide attempts is seen paticularly from January to June. Family (16.0%) and psychiatric disorder (15.2%) are mainly stressors leading to suicide attempted. Discussion: All attempted suicide patients who applied to Emergency Department should be directed to Crisis Intervention Unit immediately and following-up the cases with psychiatric consultation must become obligatory as well as medical treatments. The findings have been discussed with the literature.

Is childhood trauma associated with lifetime suicide attempts in women with bulimia nervosa?

Is childhood trauma associated with lifetime suicide attempts in women with bulimia nervosa?

Is childhood trauma associated with lifetime suicide attempts in women with bulimia nervosa?

The purpose of this study was to explore the association between specific forms of childhood abuse and neglect with lifetime suicide attempts in women with bulimia nervosa (BN). Two hundred and four women aged 18-65 (mean 25.6years, SD 9.13) with full or subclinical BN were recruited in five US Midwestern communities and specialized eating disorder clinics. Participants completed questionnaires including the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ) and self-reported whether they had ever had a lifetime suicide attempt. Logistic regression analyses were used to predict lifetime suicide attempts from each subscale of the CTQ. Childhood emotional, physical, and sexual abuse were significantly associated with the presence of a lifetime suicide attempt in women with BN. Childhood emotional and physical neglect were not associated with suicide attempts. Individuals with BN who have experienced childhood emotional and sexual abuse are at increased risk of a lifetime suicide attempt. Future research is needed to understand the mechanism to address in treatment and prevention efforts. It is important for clinicians to be aware of the potential increased risk of suicide in individuals with BN with a history of childhood abuse.

Depression and Personality Traits Associated With Emotion Dysregulation: Correlates of Suicide Attempts in Women with Bulimia Nervosa.

The objective of this study was to identify personality traits and psychiatric comorbidities associated with a lifetime history of a suicide attempt in women with bulimia nervosa (BN). Data from two samples of women with BN (n = 204 and n = 133) were examined. Participants in both samples completed the Dimensional Assessment of Personality Pathology-Basic Questionnaire and reported whether they had ever had a lifetime suicide attempt. Comorbid psychopathology was based on self-reported questionnaire and interview data. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were run, predicting a lifetime suicide attempt. Based on the Dimensional Assessment of Personality Pathology-Basic Questionnaire, identity problems were associated with a lifetime suicide attempt in both samples; cognitive dysregulation, anxiousness and insecure attachment were associated with a lifetime suicide attempt in one but not both samples. Lifetime anxiety disorder was associated with a lifetime suicide attempt in one sample, and depression was associated with a lifetime suicide attempt in both samples. Multivariate analyses revealed that only depression was uniquely associated with a lifetime suicide attempt in both samples. Although personality traits associated with aspects of emotion dysregulation were associated with a lifetime suicide attempt, depression was found to have the strongest association with a lifetime suicide attempt in two samples of women with BN. These findings suggest that depression severity may be the most important target of treatment and suicide prevention efforts in women with BN.