Sugarcane Bagasse Extract Research Articles

Synthesis of nano calcium borate using sugarcane bagasse extract as a capping agent and its potential to promote germination in cowpea seeds

Boron and calcium are essential plant nutrient and their deficiency affects vegetative and reproductive growth of plants. Supplementing deficient nutrients by fertilizer application is essential but is accompanied by environmental pollution. Replacing conventional fertilizers with nanofertilizers may help in mitigating pollution as their nutrient use efficiency is higher. The synthesis of nanoparticles often utilizes chemicals that are detrimental to the environment. Thus use of greener alternative methods of synthesis of calcium borate nanoparticles is of special interest. In this study we synthesised nano calcium borate utilising the aqueous extract of sugarcane bagasse, a cheap, nontoxic, easily available agricultural waste, as a source of capping agent. The synthesized nanoparticles were characterized by powder XRD, FTIR and TEM. The calcium borate synthesized was amorphous in nature and of nanoscale. Priming cowpea seeds and misting them with synthesized calcium borate nanoparticle proved to be effective, resulting in enhanced seed germination, increased root length, and an improved vigour index compared to using bulk counterparts.

Bio-Inspired Energy Storage Electrode: Utilizing Co3O4 Hollow Spheres Derived from Sugarcane Bagasse Extract Synthesis Via Hydrothermal Route

Bio-Inspired Energy Storage Electrode: Utilizing Co3O4 Hollow Spheres Derived from Sugarcane Bagasse Extract Synthesis Via Hydrothermal Route

Effect of Alkaline Concentration and Temperature on Lignin Extraction from Sugarcane Bagasse

Sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum L.) is used in various applications, including the production of raw sugar, to be consumed, either directly as food or sugarcane juice. It is reported that 1 ton of sugarcane would generate nearly 280 kg of bagasse and they would be burnt up and leads to air pollution. In fact, sugarcane bagasse contains high lignin content, having Ultraviolet (UV) protection properties. The objective of this study is to determine the best concentration of sodium hydroxide and temperature to extract high yield of lignin for UV protection properties. In this project, sugarcane bagasse is collected from hawker stall in Taman Universiti, Skudai, Johor, Malaysia. The lignin composition in sugarcane bagasse was analyzed, giving 16.7± 4.8 wt% of sugarcane bagasse. Alkali extraction of sugarcane bagasse has been carried out by using different concentration of sodium hydroxide (NaOH) (2%, 4%, 6%, 8%, 10%) and temperatures (60 °C, 80 °C, 100 °C, 120 °C, 140 °C) in water bath at a fixed time, 1 hour. According to the experiment conducted, the best condition is 10% NaOH concentration, temperature of 100 °C for 1 hour, as the highest yield of lignin can be extracted, which is 55.8±1.92 wt%, with a purity of 28.1±10.75%. Ultraviolet protection properties of lignin had been analyzed by determining the Sun Protection Factor (SPF). It was done by blending different concentration of lignin into a base cream. The SPF achieved for 5% lignin-blended cream was 4.76 and for 10% lignin-blended cream was 5.78 respectively.

Lignin Purification from Mild Alkaline Sugarcane Extract via Membrane Filtration

In this study, the separation of lignin from a mild alkaline sugarcane bagasse extract was studied, and the impacts of different parameters on the filtration performance were evaluated. The tested parameters included transmembrane pressure (0.5–3.0 bar), shear rates (2831–22,696 s−1), temperature (20 and 40 °C), membrane molecular weight cut-off (5 and 10 kDa), and membrane material (polyethersulfone and polysulfone). During the filtration process, the permeate flux and all the main components of the extract were analyzed, including lignins (acid insoluble lignin and acid soluble lignin), sugars (xylose, arabinose, glucose, and galactose), total phenolic compounds, and phenolic acids (p-coumaric acid, ferulic acid, vanillin, and 4-hydroxybenzaldehyde). It was proved that the tested conditions had a great impact on the permeate flux and molecule retention rate. Increasing the temperature from 20 to 40 °C resulted in a much higher permeate flux for the 5 kDa PES membrane, and the impact of shear rate was greater at 40 °C for this membrane. Although the 5 kDa PES membrane could retain slightly more large molecules, i.e., acid-insoluble lignin and xylose, the 10 kDa membrane afforded greater phenolic acid removal capacity, leading to higher purity. For the 10 kDa PS membrane, the polarization layer began to form at TMP below 0.5 bar. This membrane had a lower retention rate for all molecules than the 10 kDa PES membrane.

Efficient degradation of methyl red dye from the aqueous solution by individual bacterial and their consortium in a sugarcane bagasse waste-based media

Dye is one of the major pollutions around the whole world which have adverse effects on the environment and human beings. There is a requirement for an efficient, reliable, sustainable, and eco-friendly approach to the removal of dyes. In the present research, three individual bacterial strains Enterobacter aerogenes (MBX6), Klebsiella pneumoniae (MBC34), and Micrococcus luteus (MBC23) and their consortium was used to remove Methyl Red (MR) dye. The dye removal was observed at different initial concentrations of dye, nutrient media, additives in the nutrient media and sugarcane bagasse extract as a bacterial growth medium. The outcomes of the study showed that the bacterial consortium exhibits better removal efficiencies (63.6%) than individual bacterial strains and the dye removal percentage (75.19%) enhanced with increasing concentration of sucrose (3%) which was used as media additive. The addition of the sugar in nutrient medium resulted in more effective dye removal. The maximum removal of MR dye (98.6%) was achieved when the consortium was grown in a media containing pure sugarcane bagasse extract. The use of sugarcane bagasse extract (agricultural waste product) as a novel growth medium for the cultivation of bacteria possessing dye removal capabilities can offer a sustainable and cost-effective solution for industrial wastewater treatment.

Untargeted metabolomics, optimization of microwave-assisted extraction using Box-Behnken design and evaluation of antioxidant, and antidiabetic activities of sugarcane bagasse.

The fruit wastes, in particular agricultural wastes, are considered potential and inexpensive sources of bioactive compounds. The current study was aimed at the preparation of an optimized extract of sugarcane bagasse using microwave-assisted extraction (MAE) technology and comparative evaluation of chemical composition, antioxidant, and antidiabetic activities with extract prepared through maceration technique. Box-Behnken Design (BDD) with response surface methodology was applied to observe interactions of three independent variables (ethanol concentrations [%], microwave power [W], and extraction time [min]) on the dependent variables (total phenolic content [TPC] and antioxidant status via 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl [DPPH] to establish optimal extraction conditions. The ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UHPLC-Q-TOF-MS) analysis was applied for untargeted metabolite profiling, and in vitro assays were used for evaluation of the antidiabetic and antioxidant potential of the extract. Moreover, an in silico study was used to predict the interaction of five dominant compounds from the UHPLC-Q-TOF-MS profile against the dipeptidyl peptidase-IV (DPP-IV) enzyme. The optimal conditions for the extraction were established at 60% (v/v) ethanol, 500 W microwave power, and 5 min time with TPC 12.83 ± 0.66 mg GAE/g d.w. and DPPH 45.09 ± 0.07%. The UHPLC-Q-TOF-MS analysis revealed the presence of a total of 106 compounds in the extract. Moreover, the extract prepared through MAE technology presented higher TPC and DPPH findings than the extract prepared through maceration. Similarly, the extract was also found with good antidiabetic activity by inhibiting the DPP-IV enzyme which was also rectified theoretically by a molecular docking study. The current study presents a sustainable and an optimized approach for the preparation of sugarcane bagasse extract with functional phytoconstituents and higher antidiabetic and antioxidant activities.

Development and Validation of the HPLC Method for Simultaneous Quantification of Glucose and Xylose in Sugar Cane Bagasse Extract.

A validated rapid high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC)-refractive index (RI) method was developed for the identification and quantification of glucose and xylose in hydrolyzed bagasse extract. The separation of compounds was achieved on Eurokat® H column (300 × 8mm, 10μm) at 75°C, using 0.01N sulfuric acid solution as mobile phase and 0.6mL/min as flow rate. The method was validated based on accuracy, precision, linearity, robustness, uncertainty, limit of detection (LOD) and limit of quantification (LOQ). Total chromatographic analysis time per sample was ~11min. Calibration plots were linear over the concentration ranges 11-100μg/100μL for glucose and xylose. The LOD was 0.8ppm and LOQ was 2.5ppm. The high recovery and low relative standard deviation confirm the suitability of the method for determination of glucose and xylose in bagasse extract. The proposed HPLC-RI method was accurate, fast and robust and required less run time due to less analytes retention times and allowed optimal energy consumption owing to lower column oven temperature.

Green synthesis of ZnO-NPs using sugarcane bagasse waste: phytochemical assessment of extract and biological study of nanoparticles.

The accumulation of agricultural and industrial residues inevitably contributes to environmental pollution. Thus, several scientific investigations have been conducted to overcome this problem and to add an economic value proposition. Unlike typical sugarcane bagasse applications, this work presents a novel application of sugarcane bagasse waste in a green synthesis approach for forming zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO-NPs). This work opens the door to studying the potential of sugarcane bagasse in a green synthesis orientation. Phytochemical assessment of the aqueous extract of sugarcane bagasse waste was conducted by studying total flavonoid content, total phenolic content, and antioxidant assays. ZnO-NPs were synthesized using the aqueous sugarcane bagasse extract (ASCBE) with a 96% yield. To obtain 99.7% pure ZnO-NPs, nanoparticles were calcined at 550 °C to remove any remaining plant extract residues. The purity and yield of the produced and modified ZnO-NPs were studied. The initially produced and modified ZnO-NPs were characterized using XRD, FT-IR, UV, TEM, TGA, and PL and to determine the necessity of the calcination step. A detailed proposed mechanism for the formation of ZnO-NPs mediated by ASCBE was introduced. The ZnO-NPs were studied for their antibacterial, antifungal, and antiviral activities. The ZnO-NPs before calcination were found to exhibit more potent antimicrobial activity against both P. aeruginosa and A. niger compared to the calcined ZnO-NPs. In addition, molecular docking analysis revealed that the ZnO-NPs had the strongest binding affinity towards the P. aeruginosa RhlG/NADP active-site complex and the crystal structure of Actibind, a T2 RNase of A. Niger. ZnO-NPs also showed promising binding interactions with viral targets, including the Herpes simplex virus type II protease and Influenza virus NS1 effector domain. Additionally, environmental and economic studies were achieved to relate the scientific study with daily life applications.

One step biogenic sugarcane bagasse mediated synthesis of gold nanoparticles and their catalytic applications in removing environmental pollutants

Abstract Biogenic green synthesis of gold nanoparticles (Au-NPs) was carried out by utilizing fated waste product of sugarcane industry. Sugarcane bagasse extract was obtained by constant stirring of sugarcane bagasse in aqueous medium for 20 min. Synthesis of gold nanoparticles was carried out at different values of pH of the medium in order to determine the effect of pH on the formation of gold nanoparticles. Fabrication of gold nanoparticles was confirmed by UV–Vis spectroscopic analysis of the reaction mixture and XRD analysis of the sample. FTIR was used to identify different functionalities present in extract responsible for the formation of gold nanoparticles. Biogenic Au-NPs were utilized as a catalyst for the reduction/degradation of nitroarenes and organic dyes such as 4-nitrophenol (4-NP), 4-nitroaniline (4-NA), Congo red (CR), methyl red (MR), brilliant blue (BB), rhodamine B (Rh B) and methyl orange (MO). Kinetics of these reactions proves the efficiency and effectiveness of sugarcane bagasse mediated gold nano-catalysts making them an excellent tool for industrial applications.

Synergistic of yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae and glucose oxidase enzyme as co-biocatalyst of enzymatic microbial fuel cell (EMFC) in converting sugarcane bagasse extract into electricity

The microbial fuel cell (MFC) is an ecologically friendly alternative energy source. Due to the typically limited electron transfer in MFC systems, co-biocatalysts are necessary to enhance their performance. Enzymes are used as co-biocatalysts due to their superior ability to generate energy, and the system is known as an enzymatic microbial fuel cell (EMFC). One of the substrates that may be used is bagasse waste extracted from sugarcane. Saccharo­myces cerevisiae and the enzyme glucose oxidase (GOx) serve as co-biocatalysts in the breakdown of sugarcane bagasse waste in this study, which uses single-chamber EMFCs. In EMFC using sugarcane bagasse waste extract employing S. cerevisiae biocatalyst and glucose oxidase enzyme co-biocatalyst, the open circuit voltage was 0.56 V and the maximum power density was 146.65 mW m-2, an increase of 10.4 times to MFCs that solely employed only yeast biocatalyst. In addition, the chemical oxygen demand (COD) reduction achieved by this technology is 75 %. In addition, the pH of sugarcane bagasse waste extract samples treated with Saccharomyces cerevisiae yeast and GOx enzyme decreased from 4.6 to 4.2. This research demonstrates that adding the co-biocatalyst GOx enzyme may boost the performance of the traditional yeast MFC.

Performance of Yeast Microbial Fuel Cell Integrated with Sugarcane Bagasse Fermentation for COD Reduction and Electricity Generation

The purpose of this analysis is to evaluate the efficiency of the Microbial Fuel Cell (MFC) system incorporated with the fermentation process, with the aim of reducing COD and generating electricity, using sugarcane bagasse extract as a substrate, in the presence and absence of sugarcane fibers. There is a possibility of turning bagasse extract into renewable bioenergy to promote the sustainability of the environment and energy. As a result, the integration of liquid fermentation (LF) with MFC has improved efficiency compared to semi-solid state fermentation (S-SSF). The maximum power generated was 14.88 mW/m2, with an average COD removal of 39.68% per cycle. The variation margin of the liquid fermentation pH readings remained slightly decrease, with a slight deflection of +0.14 occurring from 4.33. With the absence of bagasse fibers, biofilm can grow freely on the anode surface so that the transfer of electrons is fast and produces a relatively high current. Experimental data showed a positive potential after an effective integration of the LF and MFC systems in the handling of waste. The product is then simultaneously converted into electrical energy. Copyright © 2021 by Authors, Published by BCREC Group. This is an open access article under the CC BY-SA License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0).

Effects of somatic growth and insulin-like growth factor mRNA expression in the liver of salmon by feeding with sugarcane bagasse extract

Effects of somatic growth and insulin-like growth factor mRNA expression in the liver of salmon by feeding with sugarcane bagasse extract

Combined pretreatment of sugarcane bagasse using alkali and ionic liquid to increase hemicellulose content and xylanase production

BackgroundLignin in sugarcane bagasse (SB) hinders its utilization by microorganism, therefore, pretreatment methods are employed to make fermentable components accessible to the microbes. Multivariate analysis of different chemical pretreatment methods can aid to select the most appropriate strategy to valorize a particular biomass.ResultsAmongst methods tested, the pretreatment by using sodium hydroxide in combination with methyltrioctylammonium chloride, an ionic liquid, (NaOH+IL) was the most significant for xylanase production by Bacillus aestuarii UE25. Investigation of optimal levels of five significant variables by adopting Box-Behnken design (BBD) predicted 20 IU mL− 1 of xylanase and experimentally, a titer of 17.77 IU mL− 1 was obtained which indicated the validity of the model. The production kinetics showed that volumetric productivity of xylanase was much higher after 24 h (833.33 IU L− 1 h− 1) than after 48 h (567.08 IU L− 1 h− 1). The extracted xylan from SB induced more xylanase in the fermentation medium than pretreated SB or commercially purified xylan. Nuclear Magnetic Resonance, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy of SB indicated removal of lignin and changes in the structure of SB after NaOH+IL pretreatment and fermentation.ConclusionCombined pretreatment of SB with alkali and methyltrioctylammonium chloride appeared better than other chemical methods for bacterial xylanase production and for the extraction of xylan form SB.

Exploration of biogenic Pt nanoparticles by using agricultural waste (Saccharum officinarum L. Bagasse Extract) as nanocatalyst for the electrocatalytic oxidation of methanol

A novel, facile, environmentally benign, cost-effective and one-pot chemical reduction synthesis was used as a biosynthetic approach to fabricate Pt nanoparticles. In this context, the biogenic Pt was produced in situ through the bioreduction of the reductive active biomolecule compounds from agricultural waste, namely, sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum L.) bagasse extract (SBE). The structure, surface morphology and chemical composition of the obtained biogenic Pt were characterised using field-emission scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, high-resolution transmission electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction. The Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and the gas chromatography–mass spectrometry showed high amounts of phenolics and flavonoids that were responsible for the bioreduction process. The in vitro antioxidant properties, such as free radical scavenging activity, total phenolic content, ferrous reducing antioxidant power and Bradford protein assays, were also examined. The electrochemical activity proved that the biogenic Pt NPs, which were successfully reduced by SBE, had high electrocatalytic activity, remarkable utilisation efficiency of Pt and appreciable stability towards the CH3OH electro-oxidation reaction. Furthermore, the biogenic Pt endowed potent antioxidant activity that could scavenge the free radicals with 81.9% inhibition capacity. Hence, this paper presents a simple and effective method to produce a robust electrocatalyst for CH3OH oxidation reaction via the biosynthesis route.

Sugarcane bagasse-facilitated benign synthesis of Cu2O nanoparticles and its role in photocatalytic degradation of toxic dyes: a trash to treasure approach

The global water situation is highly challenging and requires immediate attention. It is pertinent to explore opportunities in wastewater treatment with an environment friendly route. An efficient method can be explored where biogenic nanoparticles (NPs) synthesized by agricultural waste can further enhance its potential in cleaning the environment. Therefore, a green, surfactant-free and sustainable approach towards the genesis of cuprous oxide (Cu2O) was attempted. Cu2O NPs were synthesized using Fehling’s solution and sugarcane bagasse extract which plays a vital role both as reducing and capping agent. The Cu2O NPs were characterized using Fourier transform infrared and UV–Visible spectroscopy, and their morphology was determined by high-resolution X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscope and scanning electron microscope analysis. Their optical properties, i.e., band gaps, were calculated, and the catalytic efficiency was studied by carrying out the degradation of organic dyes [methyl orange (MO), methyl blue (MB), methyl red (MR) and Congo red (CR)] present in wastewater via spectrophotometric measurements. Simultaneously, their increasing order of degradation efficiency was found to be MR < CR < MB < MO. The mechanism of degradation of organic dyes on the surface of Cu2O NPs was also proposed. Utilizing the agricultural waste and trapping the reducing property of its polysaccharides components in facilitating the designing of the Cu2O NPs are a novel methodology. The current study envisages a new perspective for the purpose of environmental remediation and novel applications in photocatalysis.

Green reduction of graphene oxide by sugarcane bagasse extract and its application for the removal of cadmium in aqueous solution

Abstract Sugarcane bagasse (SCB) is a major waste generated in the sugar production process, and efforts are being made to use it for a wide variety of applications. This work reports the green reduction of graphene oxide (RGO) using sugarcane bagasse extract (SBE), a renewable and sustainable resource. The RGO was characterized utilizing ultraviolet–visible spectroscopy (UV), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Raman spectroscopy, Field emission scanning electron microscope and Energy dispersive spectrometer (FESEM-EDS), High-resolution transmission electron microscope (HRTEM) and X-ray photon spectroscopy (XPS). Characterization indicates that the synthesized RGO had an average thickness of around 0.34 nm, C/O ratio of about 4.27, UV–visibility at 270.5 nm, XRD peak at 2θ = 26.5°, and ID/IG ratio of approximately 1.16. Furthermore the RGO was tested by Cyclic Voltammograms (CVs) and demonstrated good cyclic stability and conductivity. Finally, the RGO was used to remove cadmium (Cd(II)) with the adsorption amount being nearly 24.47 mg/g. The new findings provide relevant insights into green reduction of oxide graphene by waste and using it to remediate metal ions.

The antibiotic activity and mechanisms of sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum L.) bagasse extract against food-borne pathogens

Sugarcane bagasse contains natural compositions that can significantly inhibit food-borne pathogens growth. In the present study, the phenolic content in sugarcane bagasse was detected as higher than 4mg/g dry bagasse, with 470mg quercetin/g polyphenol. The sugarcane bagasse extract showed bacteriostatic activity against the growth of Staphylococcus aureus, Listeria monocytogenes, Escherichia coli and Salomonella typhimurium. Additionally, the sugarcane bagasse extract can increase the electric conductivity of bacterial cell suspensions causing cellular leaking of electrolytes. Results of sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis suggested the antibacterial mechanism was probably due to the damaged cellular proteins by sugarcane bagasse extract. The results of scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy showed that the sugarcane bagasse extract might change cell morphology and internal structure.

Improved Citric Acid Production by Radiation Mutant Aspergillus niger Using Sugarcane Bagasse Extract

Improved Citric Acid Production by Radiation Mutant Aspergillus niger Using Sugarcane Bagasse Extract

Biodegradation of Basic Violet 3 by Candida krusei isolated from textile wastewater

Basic Violet 3 (BV) belongs to the most important group of synthetic colorants and is used extensively in textile industries. It is considered as xenobiotic compound which is recalcitrant to biodegradation. As Candida krusei could not use BV as sole carbon source, experiments were conducted to study the effect of cosubstrates on decolorization of BV in semi synthetic medium using glucose, sucrose, lactose, maltose, yeast extract, peptone, urea and ammonium sulphate. Maximum decolorization (74%) was observed in media supplemented with sucrose. Use of sugarcane bagasse extract as sole nutrient source showed 100% decolorization of BV within 24h under optimized condition. UV-visible, FTIR spectral analysis and HPLC analysis confirmed the biodegradation of BV. Six degradation products were isolated and identified. We propose the biodegradation pathway for BV which occurs via stepwise reduction and demethylation process to yield mono-, di-, tri-, tetra-, penta- and hexa-demethylated BV species which was degraded completely. The study of the enzymes responsible for decolorization showed the activities of lignin peroxidase, lacasse, tyrosinase, NADH-DCIP reductase, MG reductase and azoreductase in cells before and after decolorization. A significant increase in activities of NADH-DCIP reductase and laccase was observed in the cells after decolorization. The yeast C. krusei could show the ability to decolorize the textile dye BV using inexpensive source like sugarcane bagasse extract for decolorization.

Bioaccumulation of the synthetic dye Basic Violet 3 and heavy metals in single and binary systems by Candida tropicalis grown in a sugarcane bagasse extract medium: Modelling optimal conditions using response surface methodology (RSM) and inhibition kinetics

Single and binary effects of dye Basic Violet 3 and heavy metals, ‘namely’, Pb(II) and Cd(II), were investigated for their role in dye and heavy metal bioaccumulation by Candida tropicalis that was grown in a sugarcane bagasse extract medium containing 8g/L, 16g/L or 24g/L of sugar. The optimum pH was found to be 4.0 in the single system and 5.0 in the binary system. A central composite design was successfully used to analyse the experimental results. Four numerical correlations that were fitted to a second order quadratic equation were used to estimate optimum combinations predicted by response surface methodology. In the dye–Pb(II) binary system, C. tropicalis was capable of bioaccumulating 49.5% of the dye and 49.6% of the Pb(II), in comparison to 15.9% of the dye and 55.5% of the Cd(II) in the dye–Cd(II) binary system. In these two systems, the pollutants were dispersed at minimum working concentration levels. Competitive inhibition was observed in both the single and binary systems, which was suggested by an increase in the saturation constant, Ks, and a simultaneous decrease in the specific growth rate that was calculated from Lineweaver–Burk plots. Atomic force microscopy images demonstrated changes in yeast cell morphology by exposure to these contaminants in the dye–Pb(II) binary system grown in a bioaccumulation medium.