Sugar Beet Juice Research Articles

Nanomaterials mediated valorization of agriculture waste residue for biohydrogen production

Hydrogen is consider as clean fuel with potential source of unlimited clean power. The global market for the hydrogen generation is expected to be $317.39 billion by 2030. The key factors responsible for hydrogen generation market includes high demand of conventional fuel in steel, cement and power generation industries and government initiatives for green and sustainable environment. It is of the utmost note that the major production of hydrogen is based on conversion from fossil fuels such as coal, petroleum etc. Among green hydrogen production method transformation of biomass to biohydrogen via anaerobic fermentation is considered as carbon neutral source of energy. However, the yield of hydrogen production is low and depends upon various factors such waste composition, bioreactor type, and microorganisms used its production, but production is limited due to shortage of raw materials. Since, the biomass such as agriculture waste residues are largely available as corn stover, sugar beet juice, beverage waste; water, wheat straw, rice straw, wood chips, sawdust, shrubs, and branches etc. The major hurdle in dark fermentation is lower biohydrogen yield due to inefficient conversion of carbohydrates into biohydrogen. Nanomaterials can help in valorization of agriculture residue for efficient biohydrogen production. Nano-technological application like increasing surface area, enzyme stability and saccharification efficiency of enzyme can contribute in biohydrogen production. Nanoparticles may result in a shift in the microbial community and the metabolic pathway for hydrogen production. This review explore the impending application of nanomaterial for valorization of agriculture biomass, biochemical pathways, and possible application of nanomaterial as individual or in composite to improve biohydrogen production.

Green waste-derived compost (GWC) alleviates drought stress and promotes sugar beet productivity and biofortification

ABSTRACT Green waste-derived compost (GWC) is a valuable soil amendment for improving soil organic matter and decreasing waste products and potential pollutants. The study was carried out to evaluate the effect of GWC application on the yield and quality of sugar beet under deficit irrigation conditions using different irrigation systems. A field experiment was conducted using the commercial sugar beet variety Gazelle in sandy soil. Two doses (0 and 14 t ha−1) of GWC were applied to the soil. Three water deficiency levels (60, 80 and 100% of the soil field capacity) under either drip and sprinkler irrigation systems were applied. The application of 14 ton ha−1 of GWC resulted in the highest root and recoverable sugar yields, especially under the well-irrigated conditions under drip irrigation. Sugar beet root biofortification and juice quality were also significantly improved under drip irrigation in response to the application of 14 ton ha−1 of GWC by increasing sucrose content, quality index (Qz)% and recoverable sugar (RS)%. The application of GWC under drip irrigation enhanced water use efficiency for root (WUERY) and recoverable sugar yields (WUERSY), in particular under drip irrigation and water deficit conditions (60% of the soil field capacity). The soil physicochemical properties were significantly improved in response to the application of GWC. GWC application promoted the yield and biofortification of sugar beet by improving the soil physiochemical properties, and nutrient mobilization and uptake. The application of GWC is essential for sustainable sugar beet production and efficient irrigation water use in sandy soils.

Effect of salt and brine-beet juice de-icer on osmoregulatory physiology of the freshwater amphipod Hyalella azteca (Saussure, 1858) (Amphipoda: Hyalellidae)

Abstract The anthropogenic salinization of freshwater is concerning because it can negatively impact the success and survival of freshwater animals. Road salt (NaCl) in cold climates contributes to salinization and organic based de-icers have been developed to mitigate the effects of NaCl on freshwater. One of these de-icers is sugar beet juice, and few studies have examined its effects on freshwater animals. We exposed Hyalella azteca (Saussure, 1858), a freshwater amphipod, to different concentrations of NaCl (salt-contaminated water or SCW) and a NaCl brine and beet-juice mixture used as a de-icing product (brine-beet juice de-icer, BBJD). The LC50 of NaCl on H. azteca was 12.8 g l–1 and for BBJD was 4.6% (which at that percentage contained ~ 4.2 g l–1 Na+). Sub-lethal doses of SCW elevated hemolymph Na+ and BBJD exposure resulted in elevated K+ concentration as well as acidification of the hemolymph. Both Na+/K+ ATPase (NKA) and V-type H+-ATPase (VA) were localized to the coxal gills, whereas only NKA was found in the sternal gills. There was a qualitatively apparent decrease in expression of NKA in the gills of SCW-treated amphipods. NKA and VA expression qualitatively increased with BBJD exposure in the gut. The NKA and VA activity in whole-body homogenates was lower in BBJD and SCW. Results show that Hyalella azteca responds to SCW and BBJD by altering parameters of ionoregulatory physiology in different ways.

Optimization of slicing sugar beet for improving the purity of diffusion juice using response surface methodology and genetic algorithm

Abstract The purity is accounted for one of the main characteristics of sugar beet juice in the sugar production process. In this regard, in the paper, the impact of slicing parameters including blade type, slicing angle from 0 to 90°, slicing thickness from 3 to 6 mm, and preheating duration from 3 to 15 min was studied on juice purity using Response Surface Methodology (RSM). The Genetic Algorithm (GA) technique was also employed to find the optimum values of variables to reach the highest juice purity. The results indicated that the quadratic model was the best model to predict juice purity. The Findings presented that as cossette thickness and slicing angle increased, the juice purity was improved. Optimization of the quadratic model by GA showed the best cossette thickness was 6 mm for both blades. The results of optimization indicated that 92.25 and 94.45% juice purities could be obtained from optimum conditions.

Sugar beet quality and juice purity of some sugar beet varieties (Beta vulgaris L.) grown in Toshka region, Egypt as effected by harvesting ages and storage conditions

The present study was carried out during 2017/2018 and 2018/2019 seasons at Desert Agricultural Research Station, Toshka, Aswan governorate, Egypt to find out the optimum harvesting age (165, 180, 195, and 210 days) for five multi-germ sugar beet varieties namely Oscar, poly, Athospoly, Sarah, Ravel and Friancesca. Addition to study the effect of post-harvest treatments and storage period on quality characteristics of tested sugar beet varieties. The results showed that the Ravel variety with an age of 195 days recorded the highest increase values of sucrose (20.39 and 19.70 %) as well as lowest decrease values with the age of 210 days (18.39 and 17.07%) during two seasons, respectively. Delaying the harvest age of sugar beet from 165 up to 195 and 210 days caused the increase in TSS % of sugar beet juice. Francesca variety produced the highest values of sugar beet juice TSS (22.75 and 22.45 %) in both seasons. Treatment by 1% Ca (OH)2 recorded the higher value of sucrose content during storage (16.84 and 17.85%) in both seasons. Ravel variety surpassed the other varieties in beet quality (88.84 and 84.78%) and juice purity (94.35 and 92.61%) while, the Oscar poly variety had the lowest mean values (81.71and 80.05%) and (91.10 and 89.88%) at different harvest ages in the two seasons, respectively. The lowest value of sucrose loss in molasses was obtained from Ravel and Francesca than the other varieties by (1.56 and 1.84%) whereas the highest loss value was obtained from Oscar poly variety by (2.10 and 2.21%) at different harvest ages in the 1st and 2nd seasons, respectively.

STUDY OF THE MORPHOLOGICAL TRANSFORMATION OF COPPER IODIDE NANOSTRUCTURES PREPARED BY SUGAR BEET MEDIATED ROUTE

Copper Iodide (CuI) is a p-type semiconductor and is significant owing to vital applications especially in semiconductor electronic devices. Recently, in Perovskite solar cells CuI as hole transport material (HTM) reveals a promising efficiency over 21.0 % which is highest among the reported efficiency at room temperature. In this research, CuI nanostructures were prepared by green method using sugar beet juice with different concentrations (5 ml, 10 ml, 15 ml and 20 ml). In this method, sugar beet juice was used as reducing and capping agent thus controls particle size. The as prepared samples were investigated by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) and UV-vis spectroscopy. The XRD analysis confirmed the pure cubic structure of copper iodide nanostructures and average crystallite size was found to decrease with an increase in the concentration of beet juice in the range of 43 nm to 31 nm. SEM showed the morphological transformation. SEM images showed that CuI nanostructures were triangular like shape at lower concentration but at higher concentrations nanosheets like shape were observed. EDX confirmed the presence of iodide and copper with proper composition. UV-visible spectroscopy results revealed the variation of band gap energy with increasing concentration of beet juice. Morphological transformation can be critical in optoelectronic devices regarding charge transfer at different interfaces.

EFFECT OF FOLIAR SPRAYING TIMES AND LEVELS OF YEAST EXTRACT AND BORON ON PRODUCTIVITY AND QUALITY OF SUGAR BEET UNDER SANDY SOIL CONDITIONS

In order to study the effect of foliar spraying times and levels of yeast extract and boron on productivity and quality of sugar beet cv. Hossam, a field experiment was carried out at Kalabsho Experimental Farm (sandy soil), Dakahlia Governorate, Sugar Crops Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Egypt, in two successive seasons of 2014/2015 and 2015/2016. Two experiment trails were laid-out in strip-split plot design with four replications. The vertical-plots were assigned with times of foliar application with yeast extract and boron (after 75 and 90 days from sowing). The horizontal-plots were occupied with foliar spraying with yeast extract levels i.e. without spraying (control treatment), spraying with 2, 4 and 6 g yeast/liter. The sub-plots were allocated to foliar spraying with boron levels (control, 100 and 200 mg boron/liter). The results showed that delaying spraying sugar beet plants with yeast extract and boron from 75 up to 90 days from sowing resulted in gradual and significant increases and recorded the highest value for each of root and top fresh and dry weights/plant, root dimensions, purity and sucrose percentages, root and sugar yields/fad., as well as the decrease in the values of sodium, potassium and α-amino nitrogen percentages of sugar beet juice. The best results of yield components, root juice quality parameters and yields were resulted from foliar spraying sugar beet plants with yeast extract at the rate of 6 g/liter in both seasons. The highest values of all aforementioned yield components, root juice quality parameters and yields were obtained as a result of spraying sugar beet plants with 200 mg boron/liter in both seasons. It can be recommended that spraying sugar beet plants after 90 days from sowing with 6 g yeast extract and 200 mg boron/liter to maximize sugar beet productivity and quality under the environmental conditions of sandy soils.

Effect of Storage Conditions on the Sugar Recovery, Sucrose Loss in Wastes and Juice Purity during Sugar Beet Manufacture

Objective of this work was carried to extend shelf life of sugar beet roots by applying different conditions of storage to increase juice purity, sugar recovery and decrease sugar loss in wastes. This investigation was carried out to study the effect of three different storage procedures of four different sugar beet roots varieties (cultivars: Pleno, Top, Kawemira and Ceres poly) harvested at different periods (180, 195 and 210 days) at 12- 33.60˚Con the white sugar production, the amount of sucrose loss in the final wastes and the purity of sugar beet juice. Ceres poly variety had the highest white sucrose recovery under the covering storage procedures ranged from 13.75 to 17.92%. However, Pleno variety was the highest sucrose loss at almost harvesting days, while, Ceres poly recorded the lowest percentages in wastes at almost harvesting days. Top variety was the highest juice purity during manufacture especially at 180 and 210 days under the covering (78.27 and 84.74%) and open-air storage (83.86 and 84.85%).All results obtained in this investigation are affected by certain factors such as sucrose, K and α-N content in sugar beet roots, and the purity of sugar beet juice stored in the storage room was relatively higher compared to other treatments

Measurement of quality parameters of sugar beet juices using near-infrared spectroscopy and chemometrics

Near-infrared transmittance spectroscopy combined with multivariate chemometric was investigated in the present work to predict the Polarization (Pol), soluble solids content (°brix), sucrose concentration and pH value of raw, thin and thick sugar beet juices (SBJs). All samples were scanned to obtained spectral information in the wavelength range of 860–1800 nm. The impacts of various pre-processing and spectra treatment methods, such as standard normal variate transformation (SNV), Moving Average (MA) and area normalization (AN) were also investigated. Partial least squares (PLS) regression was introduced to develop the calibration model relating quality parameter values to spectral data. Accordingly, the results show that the PLS models were acceptable for predicting the pol (R2 = 0.969), °brix (R2 = 0.984), sucrose (R2 = 0.921) and slightly pH value (R2 = 0.671) in SBJ samples. Results suggest that the near-infrared spectroscopy coupled with the PLS regression method can become a useable and fast tool for evaluation of quality parameters in SBJs.

High-Yield 5-Hydroxymethylfurfural Synthesis from Crude Sugar Beet Juice in a Biphasic Microreactor.

5‐Hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) is an important biobased platform chemical obtainable in high selectivity by the hydrolysis of fructose (FRC). However, FRC is expensive, making the production of HMF at a competitive market price highly challenging. Here, it is shown that sugar beet thick juice, a crude, sucrose‐rich intermediate in sugar refining, is an excellent feedstock for HMF synthesis. Unprecedented high selectivities and yields of >90 % for HMF were achieved in a biphasic reactor setup at 150 °C using salted diluted thick juice with H2SO4 as catalyst and 2‐methyltetrahydrofuran as a bioderived extraction solvent. The conversion of glucose, obtained by sucrose inversion, could be limited to <10 mol %, allowing its recovery for further use. Interestingly, purified sucrose led to significantly lower HMF selectivity and yields, showing advantages from both an economic and chemical selectivity perspective. This opens new avenues for more cost‐effective HMF production.

Investigating of artificial neural network potential to predict the properties of refined raw sugar beet juice by electrocoagulation process

Investigating of artificial neural network potential to predict the properties of refined raw sugar beet juice by electrocoagulation process

CaO&amp;CaSO4 and CaO&amp;Al2(SO4)3 as Pectin Precipitants–Model of Overlapping Diffuse Layers

This work is concerned with the theoretical basis of novel sugar beet juice purification method using binary systems CaO&amp;CaSO4 and CaO&amp;Al2(SO4)3. The Gouy–Chapman–Stern (GCS) model of overlapping of diffuse layers of EDLs on pectin surface and that on Ca2+ and Al3+ ions, theoretically explains this method. The change of the zeta potential was used to quantitatively indicate overlapping of diffuse layers. For the experiment two model solutions of pectin (0.1 % w/w) were prepared, while the concentrations of CaO&amp;CaSO4 and CaO&amp;Al2(SO4)3 in the range of 50–500 g dm-3 were used. The greater decrease in the absolute value of zeta potential indicated greater overlapping of diffuse layers between pectin particles and Ca2+ and Al3+ ions and faster coagulation of pectin. The overlapping degree increased with increased concentration of these binary systems. Pectin with a greater surface charge and multivalent Al3+ from CaO&amp;Al2(SO4), exerted a greater impact on the zeta potential. Optimal quantities of the applied binary mixtures were as follows: 256–640 mg g-1 pectin. This is much lower than CaO commonly used in the conventional process of sugar beet juice purification (about 9 g g-1 pectin).

Uticaj molske mase i površinskog naelektrisanja anjonskog poliakrilamida na taloženje pektina

In sugar industry, separation of undesirable compounds in sugar beet juice is done mostly by CaO and carbon dioxide. In order to reduce the amount of lime, a new method of pectin separation based on the application CaSO4 with the addition of various types of anionic polyacrylamides (PAMs) is presented. The effects of molecular weight (MW) and the surface charge type of anionic polyacrylamides on the pectin precipitation were investigated. These compounds cause the process of charge neutralization of pectin macromolecules, followed by two mechanisms of polymeric bridging effect: Ca2+ bridges between anionic polymer molecules and pectin particles that promote the coagulation of pectin and Ca2+ bridges between anionic polymers that hinder coagulation of pectin. The aim of this paper was to examine the effect of CaSO4 mixture and anionic PAMs of different molecular weights and degree of ionizaton to increase the efficiency of removal of pectin from sugar beet juice. Two pectin preparations were isolated from sugar beet pulp. CaSO4 was added to 100 cm3 (0.1 % wt) pectin solution. Studies were performed with 10 different concentrations of CaSO4 solution (50-500 mg/dm3) with the addition of anionic PAM with two ionization degree and three molecular weight, concentrations of 3 mg/dm3. The efficiency of pectin precipitation was monitored by measuring the zeta potential. The bridging effect of Ca2+ ions between anionic PAMs and pectin has increased with an increase in the MW of the anionic PAMs. Using anionic PAM of the largest MW (1500 · 106g/mol) and a lower degree of ionization (30%), the optimal amounts of CaSO4 were measured: 340-355 mg/dm3. These optimal concentrations were achieved at the zero value of the potential zeta when the pectin particles were discharged.

Uticaj pH vrednosti i količine aluminijum sulfata na izdvajanje pektina iz soka šećerne repe - primena metode zeta potencijala/rezidualne mutnoće rastvora

Uticaj pH vrednosti i količine aluminijum sulfata na izdvajanje pektina iz soka šećerne repe - primena metode zeta potencijala/rezidualne mutnoće rastvora

Efficacy of Wilting Degree on Physiochemical Traits and sugar Processing Parameters of Sugar Beet Roots Post-harvest

Under Egypt conditions sugar beet roots is processed in the factories during the period from the first week of February to Mid of June every year. Whenever, wilting of beet roots carried out at high temperature and low humidity for any cause, which are prevailing during the period from the end of April to Mid of June. So, this work was carried out at laboratories of Delta Sugar Company, Kafr El-Sheikh Governorate, Egypt, as well as Food Science and Technology Department, Faculty of Agriculture, New Valley Branch, Assuit University during 2016 and 2017 working seasons for eight days and replicated four times during the period from 25th April to 6th June to identify the influencing of wilting degree (the loss percentage in moisture content of beet roots) postharvest on physiochemical traits, impurities contents and processing efficiency parameters of sugar beet roots. The obtained results revealed that wilting degree of beet root had a significant effect on physical properties of sugar beet juice expressed as total soluble solids percentage (TSS%), pH value, bulk density (kg/m3) and color of raw juice (Icumsa units); impurities contents of sugar beet, i.e., A‰Â‘-N, K and Na(milliequ./100 g), and chemical composition of sugar beet roots, i.e., pol percentage, reducing sugars percentage and dextran content as well as processing efficiency parameters of sugar beet roots, i.e., juice purity percentage, sucrose recovery percentage, sugar losses percentage in waste, quality index of beet roots and weight losses percentage of beet roots. We hope that the above-mentioned results in this work would help understand the changes which take place in sugar beet roots postharvest caused by the wilting, which cause significant economic losses in sugar production and to know the practices that reduce sugar loss during processing. Here, we demonstrate that all sugar beet growers and the processors’ benefit directly when postharvest losses are minimized. The increase in wilting degree of beet roots means make them lose their refreshment and affect negatively sugar extraction during manufacturing in sugar factories.

Modeling the efficiency of microfiltration process in reducing the hardness, improvement the non-sugar component rejection and purity of raw sugar beet juice

Modeling the efficiency of microfiltration process in reducing the hardness, improvement the non-sugar component rejection and purity of raw sugar beet juice

Bioethanol production from raw sugar beet cossettes in horizontal rotating tubular bioreactor.

Fossil fuels are still major energy sources, but the search for renewable energy sources has been encouraged. Bioethanol has been recognized as an alternative to fossil fuels and nowadays it represents more than 90% of the global biofuel production. Bioethanol production from raw sugar beet cossettes as a semi-solid substrate was studied. The study was carried out in the horizontal rotating tubular bioreactor (HRTB) with Saccharomyces cerevisiae as a microbial production strain. The impact of different combinations of HRTB operational parameters such as, rotation speed (5-15min-1), rotation type [constant or interval (3-15minh-1)] and working volume (ratio V W/V T=0.2-0.7) on the bioethanol production was examined. In this study, the highest bioprocess efficiency parameters ([Formula: see text]=0.47gg-1, E=87.36% and Pr=0.618gL-1h-1) were observed at 0.20 V W/V T, interval rotation of 12minh-1 and rotation speed of 15min-1. It has to be pointed out that bioethanol production efficiency in the HRTB was on the similar level as observed by bioethanol production from the raw sugar beet juice. Naturally present microorganisms of sugar beet could have a significant impact on bioethanol production. Higher yeast inoculation rate could reduce contaminant activities and, consequently, the bioethanol production efficiency would be improved.

Better Lime Purification of Raw Sugar Beet Juice by Advanced Fenton Oxidation Process

ABSTRACTThis work discusses the effects of Fenton oxidation pre-treatment on the lime purification of raw sugar beet juice using iron powder and hydrogen peroxide. During Fenton oxidation, particular attention was paid to the effect of reaction time and dosage of Fenton′s reagent to improve purification indexes of the raw juice throughout the clarification process. The total concentration of lime used for the purification was varied from 4.0 to 16.0 g of CaO/100 mL of juice. The results showed that higher color and total phenolic removal were achieved with an increase in H2O2 dosage and reaction time. At an initial pH of less than 6.2 and H2O2 concentration of 7000.0 ppm, color removal reached 85% and approximately 81% of total phenolic removal was achieved at a reaction time of 30 min (Treatment 5). It suggests that the quantity of CaO required for the efficient juice purification may be decreased from 16.0 g/100 mL for the control juice to approximately 12.0 g/100 mL for the juice obtained from Treatment 5. Fenton oxidation process improved the quality indexes of the purified juice, and can be combined with a conventional clarification process to achieve juice with high purity and low color.

Comparison of methods of zeta potential and residual turbidity of pectin solutions using calcium sulphate/aluminium sulphate as a precipitant

The affinity of calcium ion binding from CaO used in the most common process of purification of sugar beet juice is relatively low. Therefore, large amounts of this compound are required. This paper presents the theoretical basis of a novel sugar beet juice purification method based on the application of the binary system CaSO4/Al2(SO4) . In order to monitor the process of coagulation and precipitation of pectin in the presence of CaSO4/Al2(SO4)3, two methods were compared: measurement of the zeta potential and of residual solution turbidity. The zeta potential of pectin solution was determined by electrophoretic method, while the residual turbidity was determined by spectrophotometry. Two model solutions of pectin (0.1 % w/w) were investigated. Studies were performed with 10 different concentrations of the binary solution CaSO4/Al2(SO4)3 (50 - 500 g dm-3). The amount of the precipitant CaSO4/Al2(SO4)3 (1:1 w/w) needed to achieve the minimum solution turbidity and charge neutralization of pectin particles (zero zeta potential) were measured and compared. Colloidal destabilization occurred before a complete neutralization of the surface charge of pectin particles (zeta potential ~ 0 mV). Optimal quantities (490 - 705 mg g-1 pectin) of the applied binary mixture, were obtained using both methods. This is much lower than the amount of CaO that is commonly used in the conventional process of sugar beet juice purification (about 9 g? g-1 pectin). The use of these precipitants could be important from both economic and environmental point of view.

Purification of Raw Sugar Beet Juice by Electrocoagulation

Purification of Raw Sugar Beet Juice by Electrocoagulation