Sudden Onset Loss Of Consciousness Research Articles

Nontraumatic spontaneous bilateral intracerebral haemorrhage in a young patient: a rare case report.

Twenty-three-year-old male with no prior comorbidities presented to emergency with sudden onset loss of consciousness and 1 episode of seizure. No history of intoxication or trauma was given. Glasgow Coma Scale at presentation was E1V2M2. CT scan head revealed bilateral basal ganglia haematoma along intraventricular haemorrhage. The patient was managed conservatively in the Neurosurgical Intensive care unit. Supportive management was provided. The patient's motor response was improving and a repeat CT scan showed a resolving haematoma. However, due to poor economic conditions, the patient party left against medical advice. Spontaneous bilateral basal ganglia haemorrhage is a rare surgical emergency with no clear consensus on a management approach. This case highlights the importance of undiagnosed hypertension in causing intracerebral haemorrhage in poor economic groups.

An outbreak of acute neurological illness associated with drinking water source following a cyclone in Eluru, West Godavari district, Andhra Pradesh, India, December 2020

BackgroundIn December 2020, over 500 residents of Eluru City were hospitalised with seizures and sudden loss of consciousness (LOC) resembling the neurotoxic effects of organochlorine poisoning after a flooding event during the last week of November 2020. We described the epidemiological investigation of outbreak and identified risk factors. MethodsWe performed descriptive analysis followed by 1:1 unmatched case-control study. Cases were identified through house-to-house search and review of medical records at district hospital. A case defined as sudden onset LOC or new-onset seizures in an Eluru resident aged ≥1 year, December 1–15, 2020 and a control as absence of neurological symptoms in a person aged ≥1 year selected randomly from same administrative division of the case. We compared cases and controls for possible risk factors and calculated adjusted odds ratio (aOR) with 95% confidence interval (CI). Biological and environmental samples were tested for contaminants. ResultsWe identified 545 cases (56% males), including one death. Seizures were reported in 491 (90%) cases. Median age was 27 years (interquartile range: 17–37 years) and 480 (88%) cases resided in urban area. Cases were clustered in administrative divisions supplied by municipal water reservoirs. Cases were more likely than controls to use municipal water as primary source of drinking water (aOR = 4.6, 95% CI = 1.6–13.0). High levels (average: 14.6 mg/l) of organochlorine compounds were detected in all municipal water samples (acceptable limit: <0.001 mg/l). ConclusionThis investigation highlights water ingestion as an exposure pathway for environmental contaminants (organochlorines) in the community after largescale flooding. We recommended strengthening safe water surveillance in natural disaster response contingency plans in Eluru.

A rare variant of thalamic stroke- artery of Percheron infarct

The thalamus is a walnut-sized structure that is located in the brain which receives rich blood supply from posterior cerebral artery and its communicating branches. One of the unusual presentations is the infarction of artery of percheron. Hereby reporting a case of 68-year-old female with no known co-morbidities who presented to the emergency department with complaints of sudden onset loss of consciousness in the morning. On further investigation, was found to have infarction of one of the variants of thalamic perforating arteries.

Spontaneous intracerebellar haemorrhage and hydrocephalus: a case report

Background: Hemorrhagic strokes affect more than 1 million people every year worldwide and are the most frequent type of stroke with high mortality and morbidity rates. Spontaneous Intracerebral Hemorrhage (SICH) often affects the basal ganglia, thalamus, cerebral lobes, pons, and cerebellum.Case Description: In this report, we present a 63-year-old female with sudden onset loss of consciousness and computed tomography (CT) of head demonstrated an intracranial haemorrhage in the cerebellum with hydrocephalus. The existence of hydrocephalus and the development of chronic hydrocephalus is a problem, awaiting a solution in patients who didn’t undergo surgical treatment for cerebellar haemorrhage; however, it can easily be treated effectively by surgical evacuation.Conclusion: A general practitioner should be able to carry out appropriate initial management to reduce morbidity and mortality.

Management of Galassi type 3 Arachnoid cyst- A Case Report

Arachnoid cyst is a benign congenital lesion which can be located in various regions like; suprasellar, sylvian, posterior fossa, spine &amp; so on. The most common location of arachnoid cyst is the middle fossa or sylvian fissure usually behind the greater wing of sphenoid bone (50%). Here we are presenting a case of a 59 year-old woman brought to the emergency department with history of sudden onset loss of consciousness associated with generalized tonic clonic seizure. CT-scanning of head showed Galassi type 3 arachnoid cyst. She was managed with fenestration and partial marsupialization of cyst with excellent outcome.

Genital herpes and encephalitis; a case history

A 19-year-old, previously healthy unmarried girl presented with sudden onset loss of consciousness preceded by genital ulcers, fever and headache. Examination revealed mild neck stiffness, 4/15 of GCS, and upper motor neuron signs in all four limbs. In addition, there were multiple, superficial and tender genital ulcers. Electro Encephalogram (EEG) showed evidence of encephalitis and subsequent serological tests revealed presence of HSV antibodies. Her condition improved remarkably following intravenous Aciclovir therapy. Presence of typical herpetic ulcers, positive type specific serology test for HSV, evidence of encephalitis in the EEG and good response to Aciclovir, favoured the possible diagnosis of Herpes Simplex Encephalitis (HSE). Sri Lanka Journal of Sexual Health and HIV Medicine Vol.1 2015: 29-32

Sudden Onset Loss of Consciousness of a Multiple Cerebral Venous Sinuses Thrombosis Case, Accompanying With the Patient History of Dehydration and Fasting as Aggravating Factors: A Case Report and Literature Review

Cerebral venous sinus thrombosis (CVST) is a rare medical condition with probable devastating clinical consequences. It is a dilemma of clinical diagnosis because of its variable vague initial clinical symptoms. Sudden onset loss of consciousness is not an expectable initial clinical scenario. Here we report a 32-year-old female of Iranian ethnicity complaining of a short restricted vague headache episode, which started 1 hour before emergency department arrival. Shortly after arrival on emergency department, the patient complicated with sudden onset thunderclap form loss of consciousness accompanying with severe sweating. On investigation, diagnosis of multiple cerebral sinuses thrombosis was confirmed by magnetic resonance venography. For religious ceremonies, she has been fasting for several days before clinical symptoms were developed, and she has been also on oral contraceptive pills diet for a long time. Dehydration and fasting may be an aggravating predisposing factor with synergism effects. Possibly prolonged duration of dehydration due to fasting may have a significant role in mediating multiple CVST in our reported case. Due to multiple cerebral venous sinuses involvement, the mentioned case clinical scenario cannot be well matched with the persistent described clinical category structures of the literatures. This clinical symptom presentation form of sudden onset loss of consciousness is a more rare clinical manifestation of CVST. Complex vague different primary clinical presentation of CVST and its devastating probable clinical consequences necessitate more careful clinical vision in respect of correlated symptoms to rule out possible cerebral sinus thrombosis diagnosis. In this case report, we purpose to focus concentration on possible uncommon vague clinical presentation of CVST. J Neurol Res. 2015;5(4-5):257-260 doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.14740/jnr340e

Sudden Onset Loss of Consciousness of a Multiple Cerebral Venous Sinuses Thrombosis Case, Accompanying With the Patient History of Dehydration and Fasting as Aggravating Factors: A Case Report and Literature Review

Cerebral venous sinus thrombosis (CVST) is a rare medical condition with probable devastating clinical consequences. It is a dilemma of clinical diagnosis because of its variable vague initial clinical symptoms. Sudden onset loss of consciousness is not an expectable initial clinical scenario. Here we report a 32-year-old female of Iranian ethnicity complaining of a short restricted vague headache episode, which started 1 hour before emergency department arrival. Shortly after arrival on emergency department, the patient complicated with sudden onset thunderclap form loss of consciousness accompanying with severe sweating. On investigation, diagnosis of multiple cerebral sinuses thrombosis was confirmed by magnetic resonance venography. For religious ceremonies, she has been fasting for several days before clinical symptoms were developed, and she has been also on oral contraceptive pills diet for a long time. Dehydration and fasting may be an aggravating predisposing factor with synergism effects. Possibly prolonged duration of dehydration due to fasting may have a significant role in mediating multiple CVST in our reported case. Due to multiple cerebral venous sinuses involvement, the mentioned case clinical scenario cannot be well matched with the persistent described clinical category structures of the literatures. This clinical symptom presentation form of sudden onset loss of consciousness is a more rare clinical manifestation of CVST. Complex vague different primary clinical presentation of CVST and its devastating probable clinical consequences necessitate more careful clinical vision in respect of correlated symptoms to rule out possible cerebral sinus thrombosis diagnosis. In this case report, we purpose to focus concentration on possible uncommon vague clinical presentation of CVST.

Dry Gangrene After Aortic Dissection

A 70-year-old man presented with progressively ascending mummification from his bilateral feet to his legs for 1 month. Before this event, he had a severe tearing pain in his chest that radiated to his back and sudden-onset loss of consciousness. At the emergency department, chest computed tomography angiography revealed …