Successful Management Program Research Articles

Assessment of Greenhouse Gas Emissions from Heavy-Duty Trucking in a Non-Containerized Port through Simulation-Based Methods

Seaports are perceived as multimodal hubs of the logistics supply chain where various transport modes intersect to exchange goods shipped by vessels. Increasing trade and capacity constraints are making this area a major contributor to GHG emissions. National and regional decision-makers perceive port sustainability as a concern while planning GHG mitigation projects. However, to plan and conduct successful GHG management programs, it is critical to first develop an appropriate assessment approach that fits well with the operating and geographical context of the given port. For heavy-duty trucking activities taking place within such ports, several models and methodologies for assessing GHG emissions are available, but their generalization is challenging for many reasons, notably because of the specific features of traffic within the port. Therefore, this paper presents an assessment model for heavy-duty trucking emissions within a non-containerized port based on an in-depth study of the traffic per port zone and on parameters drawn from several real data sources. The GHG model based on road traffic profiles by zone is implemented in a simulation model for emission evaluation and prediction. The output shows the pattern of GHG emissions by zone and provides an outlook on how decision-makers could achieve a GHG reduction plan.

Implementation of the Integrated Waste Management Site (TPST) Program

The study analyzed the implementation of waste management at BUMDes Bhirawa in the Mekarsari Integrated Waste Treatment Site (TPST) in Kureksari Village using a qualitative descriptive method. Data was gathered from interviews, observation, documentation, and literature studies, and the informants included the Bhirawa BUMDes Secretary, the Kureksari Village Government, and the TPST users. The research revealed four variables: communication, data source, dispositions, and bureaucratic structure. The results emphasized the importance of effective communication, data management, employee attitudes, and bureaucratic structure for successful waste management programs Highlight : Communication: The study emphasizes the importance of effective communication in waste management programs. Communication was carried out through electronic media, socialization, and training. Data Management: The study highlights the significance of data management in waste management programs. The data source was sufficient, with a special budget for employee salaries and TPST maintenance. Employee Attitudes and Bureaucratic Structure: The study suggests that employee attitudes and bureaucratic structure play a crucial role in successful waste management programs. The results revealed that employees were responsible for their duties, and the bureaucratic structure had clear standard operating procedures and a well-executed division of responsibilities. Keywords: Waste Management, BUMDes Bhirawa, Mekarsari Integrated Waste Treatment Site (TPST), Kureksari Village, Qualitative Descriptive Method

Follow recommendations, avoid pitfalls to implement successful progression, retention program

In last month's column I wrote about the importance of retention management to enrollment management. This month, I will share specific recommendations for implementing a successful progression and retention management program as well as some pitfalls to avoid.

Elements of a successful progression and retention program

In last month's column I wrote about the importance of retention management to enrollment management. This month I will share specific recommendations for implementing a successful progression and retention management program as well as some pitfalls to avoid.

Waste management practices at Corvinus University of Budapest

The best practices of a university waste management considering innovation, impact, and future direction of sustainable universities involve a comprehensive approach that considers not only the environmental impact of waste but also the social and economic dimensions of sustainability. This is especially true for higher education institutions that are meant to educate most future business and social leaders of a country or a region, as is the case at Corvinus University of Budapest. The first step in waste management is to minimize the amount of waste generated. Corvinus achieve this by promoting a culture of sustainability on campus and encouraging students, faculty, and staff to adopt eco-friendly habits, such as using reusable bags, bottles, and containers, and minimizing the use of single-use items and encouraging the use of digital documents instead of paper. After reducing waste generation, the next step is to reuse and recycle as much as possible.Corvinus set up recycling stations that accept a wide range of materials, such as plastics, paper, and electronics. Additionally, Corvinus works with local organizations to donate gently used items, such as furniture and IT, instead of sending them to landfills.Corvinus track their waste generation and disposal to identify areas for improvement and evaluate the effectiveness of their waste management programs. By regularly monitoring and reporting on their waste management practices, Corvinus set goals for improvement and demonstrate their commitment to sustainability.Corvinus collaborate with industry, government, and community groups to find new and innovative solutions for waste management. This include partnering with local waste management organizations to develop sustainable waste management practices, as well as working with local businesses to reduce waste generation. Overall, a successful waste management program at a sustainable university requires a multifaceted approach that incorporates education, outreach, partnerships, technology, and monitoring. By implementing these best practices, universities can reduce their environmental impact, engage students, and staff in sustainable practices, and demonstrate their commitment to creating a more sustainable future.

Elements of a successful progression and retention program

In last month's column I wrote about the importance of retention management to enrollment management. This month I will share specific recommendations for implementing a successful progression and retention management program as well as some pitfalls to avoid.

Husbandry practices of livestock farming in the Drâa-Tafilalet region of Morocco

The study was aimed to determine the husbandry practices of livestock farmers in the Drâa-Tafilalet region of Morocco. Five sites in the region were selected. Three to five rural districts, each with one to eight breeders of each livestock species, were randomly selected at each site. A survey consisting total 305 farmers was conducted in 21 districts with 60, 105, 71, 21, 35, 13 farmers of cattle, sheep, goats, camels, poultry and rabbits, respectively. For identification, 31.9% of breeders used ear tags, and 26.3% used notch or fire marks. The study found that 55.4% of breeders kept their animals in barns, 40.2% in "zriba" and 4.38% in open fields. All cattle breeders reported milking their cows, but only 4.72%, 72.1% and 88.9% milked their ewes, does and she-camels (cows), respectively. There were 2.38% of breeders who practiced castration, including 33.3% of sheep breeders, 16.7% of goat breeders, and 50% of camel breeders. In this study, it was found that cattle breeders did not practice castration at all. Natural pasture was used by 19.1% of breeders, especially during the spring and summer months, 21.4% used crop residues, 31.3% straw, 27.2% forages, mainly alfalfa, and 3.09% silage. A total of 83.5% of rangeland breeders kept their herds separate from those of other breeders to prevent mating males from other herds, while 16.5% mixed their herds with those of neighbors. Animals were given water once a day (60.8%), twice a day (25%), once every two days (9.8%), once every three days (0.98%) and 2.94% had access to water all the time. Among the most common diseases were respiratory diseases (30.2%), reproductive tract diseases (10.9%), mastitis (16%), bloat (9.06%), diarrhea (16.3%) and mange/moth (12.4%). Among cattle breeders, 64.9% sold animals, 3.51% sold milk, and 31.6% both sold animals and milk. Breeders of sheep, goats, and camels and rabbits sold 91.3%, 92.5% and 100% of their animals, respectively, whereas chicken breeders sold eggs (26.9%), birds (15.4%) and both eggs and birds (57.7%). According to the study, despite the traditional husbandry practices in the region, successful management programs should consider them.

Successful asset data collection and management programmes in corporate real estate

The benefits of implementing an asset data collection and management (ADCM) programme for an individual site or portfolio are numerous. ADCM can support capital planning exercises, facility condition indexing (FCI) of a portfolio, operation and maintenance (O&M) procedure development, populating a computerised maintenance management system (CMMS) or environmental, social and governance (ESG) initiatives. The relevance and accuracy of such initiatives are dependent upon the quality of the supporting data. In corporate real estate (CRE), too many organisations struggle to capture the necessary data to successfully implement proactive management strategies, leverage economies of scale and improve reporting to investors and government entities. An organisation cannot capitalise on the benefits of data-driven management platform (CMMS/IWMS) without consistent, reliable and accurate data. This paper explores how quality ADCM can streamline maintenance and capital planning, reduce spending and support business objectives.

Mode of inheritance of field-evolved resistance to pirimiphos-methyl in Sitophilus oryzae (Linnaeus) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae)

Sitophilus oryzae is an economic pest of stored grain worldwide with the ability to transmit mycotoxigenic fungi in the infested commodities. Recently this pest has shown field-evolved resistance to pirimiphos-methyl in Pakistan. Understanding mode of inheritance of insecticide resistance is of prime importance in order to implement a successful resistance management program. Here, we studied the mode of inheritance of resistance to pirimiphos-methyl in two field-evolved resistant strains (LR-SO and HR-SO) of S. oryzae. LR-SO and HR-SO strains exhibited 31.05 and 219.18 fold resistance to pirimiphos-methyl compared with an insecticide susceptible reference strain (Lab-SO). Reciprocal progenies revealed an indistinguishable difference in their response (LC50s) to pirimiphos-methyl pointing out the absence of maternal effects or sex-linkage and autosomal inheritance pattern. The degree of dominance values for all the reciprocal and pooled progenies ranged from −0.47 to −0.78 suggesting that resistance to pirimiphos-methyl was expressed as an incompletely recessive trait. Chi-square and log-dose probit line analyses of self-bred and backcross progenies exhibited significant variation between the expected and observed mortality, which suggest that resistance was governed by more than one gene. In conclusion, field-evolved resistance to pirimiphos-methyl in S. oryzae was autosomal, incompletely recessive, and multigenic. Our results provide basic information about the nature of resistance to pirimiphos-methyl that will be helpful to formulate successful management strategies for controlling S. oryzae and to alleviate the allied threats to environment and human health.

The Healthiest Weight: Present and Future

Successful weight loss and maintenance programs should consider the optimal timing for the brain's control of body weight. The bases for successful Weight Management Programs have been recently proposed utilizing a new BMI sub-categorization and current state-of-the-art technologies. An inverse relationship between meal frequency and body weight has also been observed and is directly related to achieving a healthy weight. Practising regular exercise has also been shown to cause a significant reduction in Heart Rate while achieving and maintaining the Healthiest Weight as well as increasing life expectancy. Thus, the implementation of healthy habits and regular aerobic exercise programs by public authorities may contribute to the reduction in all-cause mortality worldwide. Adapting WHO-defined BMI thresholds to novel calibrated thresholds has been further revalidated by incorporating recently published multi-dimensional data from large- scale worldwide studies, resulting in a new likelihood model of the health risks associated with adiposity. This latest study has great potential in personalized and preventive medicine. In addition to ongoing vaccination programs, the results of this novel approach could be used as an “alternative method of prevention” to naturally tackle the current COVID-19 pandemic, and other anticipated in the future to come. Other current and future weight management developments are also discussed.

Effect of weaning weight on growth performance, feed efficiency and behavioral characteristics of Holstein-Friesian and Brown Swiss calves

Background: Farm profitability depends on raising healthy calves, which rests on successful feeding and management programs. Objective: To determine the effects of weaning weight on growth performance, feed efficiency, behavioral traits, as well as feeding cost of Holstein-Friesian and Brown Swiss calves. Methods: Sixty-seven newborn dairy calves were allocated into four weaning-weight groups [60 kg (n=18), 65 kg (n=19), 70 kg (n=18) and 75 kg (n=12)]. Body weights (BW) and measurements were recorded at birth, weaning, and four months of age. An instantaneous sampling method was used to collect behavioral data. Results: Daily weight gain of Brown Swiss calves was higher than Holsteins between weaning and four months of age (p<0.05). During pre-weaning, daily weight gain of calves weaned at 60 kg was lower than the other three groups (p<0.05). Feed efficiency of Holstein-Friesian was higher than Brown Swiss calves in the period between birth and four months of age (p<0.05). Chest depth of calves weaned at 60 kg was (p<0.05) lower compared to the other groups. Water drinking behavior during the pre-weaning period was notably higher in calves weaned at 75 kg (p<0.05). Conclusions: Our results suggest that dairy calves can be weaned at 60 kg of BW without detrimental effects on performance, and their feed cost per kg weight gain is significantly lower compared to higher weaning weights.

Malaysian Public Sector Accounting Standards (MPSAS) Implementation in State Governments of Malaysia: Status and Challenges

Purpose: This paper aims to share the experience of state governments in Malaysia in implementing the Malaysian Public Sector Accounting Standards (MPSAS). Methodology/Approach: A mixed methods study involving questionnaire survey and interview was employed. The study covers all 13 state governments of Malaysia. A total of 147 accounting and finance staff responded to the questionnaires and 12 interview sessions were held in 12 states involving the state treasurers. Findings: Similar challenges observed in other countries in implementing IPSAS prevailed in the 13 state governments, which are (i) resources related to lack of competent accounting and finance staff, and lack of IT facilities and IT support; (ii) accounting and reporting issues related to difficulties in assets, liabilities, revenue and expenses recognitions and measurement; and (iii) top management commitment in ensuring successful change management programmes. However, many of those challenges have been tackled except for the application of MPSAS, where trained staff is still lacking. Research Limitations/Implications: This paper explores the implementation of accrual accounting via the computerised accounting system used by the state governments in Malaysia. The system caters to both MPSAS accrual accounting and cash accounting reports. Production of MPSAS accrual accounting reports has not been made mandatory. Thus, the discussion in this paper is limited to respondents’ experience with the computerised MPSAS-based accrual accounting system used to produce cash accounting reports. Practical implications: Findings from this paper provide insights for state governments to plan for effective implementation of MPSAS. Originality/value: This paper discovers the real issues faced by the state governments of Malaysia in implementing MPSAS. Keywords: Accrual accounting, IPSAS, MPSAS, public sector, developing countries.

Malaysian Public Sector Accounting Standards (MPSAS) Implementation in State Governments of Malaysia: Status and Challenges

Purpose: This paper aims to share the experience of state governments in Malaysia in implementing the Malaysian Public Sector Accounting Standards (MPSAS). Methodology/Approach: A mixed methods study involving questionnaire survey and interview was employed. The study covers all 13 state governments of Malaysia. A total of 147 accounting and finance staff responded to the questionnaires and 12 interview sessions were held in 12 states involving the state treasurers. Findings: Similar challenges observed in other countries in implementing IPSAS prevailed in the 13 state governments, which are (i) resources related to lack of competent accounting and finance staff, and lack of IT facilities and IT support; (ii) accounting and reporting issues related to difficulties in assets, liabilities, revenue and expenses recognitions and measurement; and (iii) top management commitment in ensuring successful change management programmes. However, many of those challenges have been tackled except for the application of MPSAS, where trained staff is still lacking. Research Limitations/Implications: This paper explores the implementation of accrual accounting via the computerised accounting system used by the state governments in Malaysia. The system caters to both MPSAS accrual accounting and cash accounting reports. Production of MPSAS accrual accounting reports has not been made mandatory. Thus, the discussion in this paper is limited to respondents’ experience with the computerised MPSAS-based accrual accounting system used to produce cash accounting reports. Practical implications: Findings from this paper provide insights for state governments to plan for effective implementation of MPSAS. Originality/value: This paper discovers the real issues faced by the state governments of Malaysia in implementing MPSAS. Keywords: Accrual accounting, IPSAS, MPSAS, public sector, developing countries.

Malaysian Public Sector Accounting Standards (MPSAS) Implementation in State Governments of Malaysia: Status and Challenges

Purpose: This paper aims to share the experience of state governments in Malaysia in implementing the Malaysian Public Sector Accounting Standards (MPSAS). Methodology/Approach: A mixed methods study involving questionnaire survey and interview was employed. The study covers all 13 state governments of Malaysia. A total of 147 accounting and finance staff responded to the questionnaires and 12 interview sessions were held in 12 states involving the state treasurers. Findings: Similar challenges observed in other countries in implementing IPSAS prevailed in the 13 state governments, which are (i) resources related to lack of competent accounting and finance staff, and lack of IT facilities and IT support; (ii) accounting and reporting issues related to difficulties in assets, liabilities, revenue and expenses recognitions and measurement; and (iii) top management commitment in ensuring successful change management programmes. However, many of those challenges have been tackled except for the application of MPSAS, where trained staff is still lacking. Research Limitations/Implications: This paper explores the implementation of accrual accounting via the computerised accounting system used by the state governments in Malaysia. The system caters to both MPSAS accrual accounting and cash accounting reports. Production of MPSAS accrual accounting reports has not been made mandatory. Thus, the discussion in this paper is limited to respondents’ experience with the computerised MPSAS-based accrual accounting system used to produce cash accounting reports. Practical implications: Findings from this paper provide insights for state governments to plan for effective implementation of MPSAS. Originality/value: This paper discovers the real issues faced by the state governments of Malaysia in implementing MPSAS. Keywords: Accrual accounting, IPSAS, MPSAS, public sector, developing countries.

Assessing Seed Longevity of the Invasive Weed Navua Sedge (Cyperus aromaticus), by Artificial Ageing

Navua sedge (Cyperus aromaticus (Ridley) Mattf. & Kukenth) is a significant agricultural and environmental weed found in tropical island countries including north Queensland, Australia. It is a prolific seed producer and consequently forms a high-density seedbank, and therefore understanding the longevity and persistence of the seeds can provide critical information required for the management of this species. A laboratory-controlled artificial ageing experiment was conducted where the seeds were exposed to a temperature of 45 °C and 60% relative humidity for 125 days. Seeds were removed at various times (1, 2, 5, 9, 20, 30, 50, 75, 100 and 125 days) and their viability determined through standard germination tests. It took 20 days in the artificial ageing environment for the seeds to decline to 50% viability which indicates that Navua sedge has relatively short-lived persistent seeds. These findings will assist in developing a better understanding of the seedbank dynamics of this invasive species, allowing managers to tactically implement control strategies and prepare budgets for ongoing treatments, and have implications for the duration and success of management programs.

Development of a behavioural intervention for cognitive fatigability in multiple sclerosis: Protocol for a pilot and feasibility study.

Up to 90% of people with multiple sclerosis (PwMS) subjectively report fatigue as one of their worst symptoms. Fatigability is an objectively measured component of fatigue. Cognitive fatigability (CF) is a breakdown in task performance following sustained cognitive effort. There is a paucity of interventions targeting CF in MS. The prior success of behavioural interventions at improving subjective fatigue suggests that their adaptation may yield similar results for CF. Given the relationship between CF, sleep quality, and mood, a behavioural intervention targeting these factors, such as cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT), is warranted. Given the multidimensional nature of fatigue, a multifaceted approach targeting lifestyle factors and coping (e.g., fatigue management education supplemented by CBT for insomnia and exercise) might prove efficacious. We describe a protocol for a pilot feasibility study to design and implement a multi-dimensional behavioural intervention to improve CF in PwMS. Stage 1: development of a multi-dimensional group-based videoconference-delivered behavioural intervention based on a previously successful fatigue management program for PwMS. A facilitator manual will be drafted. Course material will focus on four themes: body (sleep and physical activity), mood (impact of depression and anxiety), mind (cognitive contributions), and context (pacing and communication). Stage 2: a needs assessment survey will be completed by 100 PwMS for input on what factors are important contributors to their CF. Modifications will be made to the course material and manual. Stage 3: the facilitator-delivered intervention will include 20 PwMS. After baseline assessment, participants will attend weekly 70-min videoconference group sessions for 8 weeks, including homework assignments. Follow-up assessment will re-evaluate outcomes. Stage 4: analysis and dissemination of results. The primary outcome is improvement in CF. Additional feasibility outcomes will determine if a randomized control trial (RCT) is pursued. Stage 5: refine the intervention based on outcomes and feedback from participants. Determining which aspects participants felt were most effective will help inform RCT design. The long-term goal is to ensure that PwMS have access to effective interventions in real-world settings to improve quality of life and enhance their ability to participate in cognitively demanding activities that they enjoy.

Radiotherapy Physics Quality Assurance and Management Practices in Less Resourced Facilities: An Initial Pilot Survey in Six Countries Followed by an Onsite Visit and Audit of Radiotherapy Centers in a Lower Middle-Income Country (LMIC)

<h3>Purpose/Objective(s)</h3> To assess physics quality assurance (PQA) and practices in less resourced RT clinics to improve the quality of care. <h3>Materials/Methods</h3> An initial survey was conducted in 2020 to thirteen select RT centers in six countries. In 2021, from the survey outcome, our team conducted onsite visits to all the RT-centers in one of the countries: one private, and two public (Public-1- and –2). Public-1 in the capital and Public-2 in a regional capital. Follow-up surveys were sent to 17 medical physicists. Questions centered on the topic of equipment, institutional practice, physics quality assurance, management, and safety practices. Qualitative and descriptive methods were used for data analysis. We accessed operational challenges using a 5-point Likert system: machine downtime, patient related issues, power outage and staffing. <h3>Results</h3> We received a 100% response rate. Six (6/17) had 1-3 years of experience and two (2/17) have over 15 years of experience. Over 80% of respondents had experience with a treatment planning system. Private and public-1 have CT simulators located in RT clinic. Breast, genitourinary, Gynecologic, H&N were the most treated diseases in all three centers. All three (3) clinics have 3D conformal RT (3D-CRT), the private and public-2 have electron treatment modalities and only public-1 have IMRT treatment available. An audit during the visit showed that no single point diode patient specific QA is done for 3D-CRT patients and none of the institutions had a functioning diode to carry out this QA process. The average daily patient workload on external beam device for each clinic was LINAC: Private = 25, public-1 = 55, public-2 = 40; Co- 60: public-1 = 45, Public-2 = 25. Public-1 and-2 lacked the equipment necessary to conform to best practices in TG-142 and 198. Public-2 reported significant challenges in the operational challenges above with values of 4.5, 3 and 2.75 and 2.25. Notably Public-1 and-2 have peer review chart rounds which are attended by clinical oncologists, medical physicists, physicians, and physics trainees. All (17/17) responded to having a system of documenting, tracking, and trending patient related safety incidents but only one (1/17) physicist reported using a voluntary incident reporting system. Although not quantifiable audits during site visits show education and training remains the most important need in operating successful local PQA and management programs. In the initial survey RT centers in lower GNIpc country there was a direct correlation between QA needs and the country index. <h3>Conclusion</h3> The initial study showed a direct correlation between QA needs and the development index of a country which has led to the first of a continent-wide survey intended to spotlight PQA practices in LIMCs, the challenges faced, lessons learned, to help understand the gaps and needs to better support their local PQA and management programs.

Mushrooms for integrated and diversified nutrition

Mushrooms were considered as “Objects of mystery” by the primitive man, and were realized as food much before civilization. Mushrooms have been variously used in different cultures from being priced as “Food of Gods” in the Roman culture to tools of psychological sedation for the Mexican warriors. Most of the edible mushrooms are saprophytic growing on decomposed organic plant matter. Mushrooms play varied and important roles in human nutrition and health. They are unique nutrition dense vegetables with quality high protein, very low fat, zero cholesterol, low carbohydrates, low glycemic index, high fiber, good cardiac friendly sodium to potassium ratio and some unique bioactive compounds like ergothioneine and polysaccharides. These unique nutritive properties of mushrooms make them a recommended food for diabetics, body weight management, hypertension and cardiac well-being. The concept of selenium rich mushrooms for slowing down the progress of AIDS has been gaining importance in the recent years. Apart from being a healthy vegetable, the unique lignocellulosic waste-based production system of mushrooms makes them the most ecofriendly zero waste green technology with immense environmental benefits (Gupta et al., 2004, Jain et al., 2014 and &amp; Pandey et al., 2014). Despite many environmental and nutritional benefits; mushrooms yet have not become a part of daily nutrition in the Indian diet and the per capita consumption still remains very low at 70 grams per annum. There is a need to educate and enhance the awareness among the people about the nutritional and health potential of mushrooms. There is also the need to draw the attention towards integrating mushroom technology in successful agro-residue management programs, livelihood programs, national nutrition programs and women empowerment and rural development schemes which ultimately culminate in providing better daily nutrition.

A GIS-Agriflux Modeling and AHP Techniques for Groundwater Potential Zones Mapping

Groundwater is considered as the main portion of the water supply in arid and semi-arid regions. The Sfax plain area is part of the arid/semi-arid areas of Tunisia that are subject to the impact of climatic and human pressures. Water scarcity in combination with groundwater exploitation is a major concern in this region. Therefore, sustainable management and protection of groundwater resources, it necessary. The delineation of groundwater potential (GP) zones becomes an increasingly important tool for implementing successful management programs. The purpose of the present paper is to assess the potential zone of groundwater resources in the study area. An efficient approach using geographical information system (GIS), hydrological modelling and analytical hierarchy process (AHP) was developed. At first, six groundwater parameters that affect groundwater occurrences are derived from the spatial geodatabase. Those parameters are: Infiltration rate estimated from a GIS linked model, lineament density, drainage density, slope, rainfall and Land use/land cover. Then, the assigned weights of thematic layers based on expert knowledge were normalized by eigenvector technique of AHP. The parameter layers were integrated and modeled using a weighted linear combination (WLC). The resulting map was classified into four categories: very low, low, good, and excellent. The results showed that about 26% of the study area falls under very-low-potential zone, with 30% on low-potential zone, 21% with good potential zone, and 23% falling under excellent zone. The results of the analysis were validated using pumping rate data and curve trend of sensitivity classes theory validation of outcomes indicated a good prediction accuracy. The results of the present study can serve to prepare a comprehensive groundwater development and management plans proving its efficacy in this art of exploratory investigations.

Simultaneous Load Management Strategy for Electronic Manufacturing Facilities by using EPSO Algorithm

Increased power demand has contributed to the power generation tension. Thus, there were critical needs for a better Price Based Program (PBP) policy for the consumers. In Peninsular Malaysia, through the development of a policy for the regulated market plan, the Enhanced Time of Use (ETOU) tariff was introduced by the utility to promote better price signals to the industrial consumers who contribute to the most massive energy consumption every year. However, fewer industrial consumers join the program due to a lack of Load Management (LM) knowledge while not confident in the price rate signal compared to the previous tariffs. Due to that reason, this study proposed simultaneous LM strategies for the selected power consumption profile in the electronic manufacturing facilities. Meanwhile, the Evolutionary Particle Swarm Optimization (EPSO) was adopted to search for the upright power consumption profiles of those average 11 locations of the manufacturing. The analysis of the results has compared to the baseline existing flat and Time of Use (TOU) tariffs. The results show an improvement in the energy consumption and maximum demand costs reduction of ~14-16% when load management was applied correctly. It is hoped that this study's results could help companies’ management of developing a strategic plan for the successful load management program.