Substitution Reaction Of Indoles Research Articles

Sulfonic acid@pericarp-pomegranate: A natural supported catalyst for synthesis of bis(indolyl)alkanes

A heterogeneous solid acid catalyst, sulfonic acid supported on pericarp-pomegranate (sulfonic acid@PP) is prepared with green an eco-friendly approach. The prepared sulfonic acid@PP catalyst was extensively characterized by IR, FE-SEM, EDX and TGA techniques. The efficiency of the catalyst has been investigated for the synthesis of bis(indolyl)alkanes by electrophilic substitution reaction of indoles with carbonyl compounds in ethanol at 80 oC. Easy recovery by simple filtration and at least three times reusability without significant loss in the yield of the desired product are conspicuous features of the reported catalyst. In addition, the notable features of this protocol are high conversions, shorter reaction times, cleaner reaction profile, simple experimental and work-up procedure.

First, in situ generated Mannitol-Boron or Sorbitol-Boron chelate complex as a novel, recyclable catalyst for the highly efficient synthesis of bis(indolyl)methanes, tris(indolyl)methanes and diindolyl (carbazolyl)methanes.

Abstract The first report on in situ generated Mannitol-Boron or Sorbitol-boron chelate complex, as a novel, recyclable homogenous, eco-benign catalyst for the liquid phase electrophilic substitution reactions of indoles with aromatic aldehydes or indole aldehydes or carbazole aldehydes to afford the corresponding bis(indolyl)methanes or tris(indolyl)methanes or di(indolyl) carbazolyl methanes in ethanol or aqueous ethanol at ambient temperature in good to excellent yields. This methodology is mild, highly efficient using minor quantities of catalyst with no side products and a very simple work-up procedure. The effect of solvent, the effect of substituents and the influence of mole ratio are also investigated. The addition of mannitol or sorbital to boric acid in excess formed mainly a 2, 2-di-borate ester which can be effectively removed from reaction waste water (> 97%) by subjecting the reaction waste water to reverse osmosis.

Ag Nanoparticles: An Efficient and Versatile Reagent for Synthesis of Bis(indolyl)methanes

Ag nanoparticles are found to be an efficient catalyst for the electrophilic substitution reaction of indole with aldehydes to afford the corresponding bis(indolyl)methanes in good yields. The remarkable features of this new procedure are high conversions, shorter reaction times, cleaner reaction profiles, and simple experimental and work-up procedures.

Efficient synthesis of 3,3-di(indolyl)oxindoles catalyzed by sulfonic acid-functionalized mesoporous silica nanoparticles (SAMSNs) in aqueous media

An efficient protocol has been developed for the aqueous-mediated synthesis of 3,3-di(indolyl)oxindole derivatives via the electrophilic substitution reaction of indoles with various isatins using sulfonic acid-functionalized mesoporous silica nanoparticles (SAMSNs) as a recoverable heterogeneous acid catalyst. This catalyst can be reused several times without significant loss of activity.

Indion Ina 225H resin as a novel, selective, recyclable, eco-benign heterogeneous catalyst for the synthesis of bis(indolyl)methanes

Indion Ina 225H, is a heterogeneous, selective, recyclable, and eco-benign catalyst for liquid phase electrophilic substitution reactions of indoles with aldehydes to afford the corresponding bis(indolyl)methanes in excellent yields in short reaction time. The versatility of this method has been proved with a wide range of aliphatic and aromatic aldehydes with various stereo-electronic factors. This method shows much better selectivity between aldehydes and ketones. The methodology is well demonstrated toward the synthesis of biologically active bis(indolyl)methanes viz, vibrioindole, 4-(di(1H-indol-3-yl)methyl)benzene-1,2-diol and streptindole. The catalyst can be recovered and reused for several runs without loss of activity.

ChemInform Abstract: A Convenient Method of Synthesis of Bis-indolylmethanes: Indium Trichloride Catalyzed Reactions of Indole with Aldehydes and Schiff′s Bases.

Abstract Anhydrous indium trichloride (InCl3) is found to catalyze the electrophilic substitution reaction of indole with aromatic aldehydes and Schiff's bases which resulted in an efficient synthesis of bis-indolylmethanes in good to excellent yield.

Ruthenium-catalyzed efficient routes to oxindole derivatives

Ruthenium-catalyzed preparation of oxindoles from one-pot trimerization of indoles under oxidative conditions and from electrophilic substitution reaction of indoles with isatins or isatin-derived imines under very mild reaction conditions is reported.

Facile Synthesis of Bis(indolyl)methanes Using LaCl3 · 7H2O as a Mild and Efficient Catalyst in Molten Salt Media

Efficient electrophilic substitution reaction of indole with various carbonyl compounds were carried out using a catalytic amount of LaCl3 · 7H2O in molten tetraethylammonium chloride as an ionic liquid to afford the corresponding bis(indolyl)methanes in excellent yields.

Synthesis of Bis(indolyl)methanes using a Catalytic Amount of ZnO under Solvent‐Free Conditions

Efficient electrophilic substitution reactions of indoles with various aromatic aldehydes were carried out using a catalytic amount of ZnO under solvent‐free conditions to afford the corresponding bis(indolyl)methanes in excellent yields. Among the various methods published for the synthesis of bis(indolyl)methane, ZnO is a very cheap, environmentally friendly, and reusable catalyst that can be used for synthesis of a new range of bis(indolyl)methane derivatives.

Copper Dipyridine Dichloride: An Efficient and Convenient Catalyst for the Synthesis of Bis (Indolyl) Methanes

Copper dipyridine dichloride is used as an efficient catalyst for the electrophilic substitution reaction of indoles with aromatic aldehydes in acetonitrile to afford the corresponding bis (indolyl)methanes in excellent yields at room temperature.

Mild and Efficient Synthesis of Bis‐indolylmethanes Catalyzed by Tetrabutylammonium Tribromide.

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.

Mild and Efficient Synthesis of bis‐Indolylmethanes Catalyzed by Tetrabutylammonium Tribromide

A mild and efficient electrophilic substitution reaction of indoles with various aldehydes under a catalytic amount of tetrabutylammonium tribromide (TBATB) afforded biologically important bis‐indolymethanes in good yields.

A Mild, Efficient and Improved Protocol for the Synthesis of Novel Indolyl Crown Ethers, Di(indolyl)pyrazolyl Methanes and 3‐Alkylated Indoles Using H4[Si(W3O10)3

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.

An Efficient and Practical Process for the Synthesis of Bis(indolyl)methanes Catalyzed by Zirconium Tetrachloride.

Zirconium tetrachloride is used as a catalyst for the elec- trophilic substitution reaction of indole with aldehydes or ketones at ambient temperature to afford the corresponding bis(indolyl)meth- anes in good to excellent yields.

A Mild and Efficient Synthesis of bis‐Indolylmethanes Catalyzed by Sulfamic Acid

A mild and efficient electrophilic substitution reaction of indoles with various aldehydes under catalysis of sulfamic acid afforded biologically important bis‐indolymethanes in good yields.

Sulphamic Acid—A Mild, Efficient, and Cost‐Effective Solid Acid Catalyst for the Synthesis of Bis(1H‐indol‐3‐yl)methanes

Sulphamic acid (SA) is found to efficiently catalyze the electrophilic substitution reactions of indoles with aldehydes and ketones in ethanol to afford the corresponding bis(indolyl)methanes. The method is simple and cost effective, and gives good yields in short reaction times. The catalyst is found to be recyclable.

Efficient Hexamethylenetetramine‐Bromine (HMTAB)‐Catalyzed Synthesis of Bis(indolyl)methanes in Water

An efficient, facile, and environmentally friendly electrophilic substitution reaction of indoles with various aldehydes and ketones proceeded smoothly in water using the hexamethylenetetramine–bromine complex to afford the corresponding bis(indolyl)methanes in excellent yields. This method provides several advantages such as being environmentally friendly, giving high yields, and having simple workup procedure. Water was chosen as a cheap, nontoxic, green solvent.

Efficient Synthesis of Bis(indolyl)methanes Catalyzed by Lewis Acids in Ionic Liquids.

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.

Zeolite Catalyzed Synthesis of Bis(indolyl) Methanes.

Abstract HY-Zeolite is found to be a versatile catalyst for the electrophilic substitution reaction of indoles with carbonyl compounds to afford the corresponding bis(indolyl) methanes in good yields. #IICT Communication No. 011208.

Studies on Novel Synthetic Methodologies. Part 11. Electrophilic Substitution Reactions of Indoles with Carbonyl Compounds Using Ceric Ammonium Nitrate: A Novel and Efficient Method for the Synthesis of Di- and Tri-indolylmethanes.

Studies on Novel Synthetic Methodologies. Part 11. Electrophilic Substitution Reactions of Indoles with Carbonyl Compounds Using Ceric Ammonium Nitrate: A Novel and Efficient Method for the Synthesis of Di- and Tri-indolylmethanes.