Substantive Integration Research Articles

On the Application of Traditional Chinese Medicine Culture in Ideological and Political Education

Purpose: By analyzing the historical origin and value of Traditional Chinese medicine culture, the article studies the application of Traditional Chinese medicine culture in postgraduate students' ideological and political education, with a view to promoting the deeper inheritance and development of Traditional Chinese medicine culture. Methods: The article explains the importance and feasibility of Traditional Chinese medicine culture in postgraduate students' ideological and political education, and the difficulties in the application of ideological and political education, on the basis of which it proposes to improve the civic system of the course, improve the quality of professional teachers of Traditional Chinese medicine culture and civic teachers, and establish a collaborative educating mechanism with the help of the resource-sharing platform, so as to deepen the postgraduates' understanding of Traditional Chinese medicine culture in the ideological and political education course. Conclusion: Graduate students' ideological and political education courses provide a good platform for the dissemination and development of Traditional Chinese medicine culture, and the two are complementary to each other. By establishing classroom evaluation and incentive mechanisms, the substantive integration of both sides can be better promoted.

Delimitation methodology for the continental shelf beyond 200 nautical miles: Three-stage approach as a way forward?

AbstractDelimitation of the continental shelf beyond 200 nautical miles (nm) is a relatively novel exercise by international courts and tribunals, and a question that assumes theoretical and practical importance is whether the delimitation methodology primarily developed in maritime delimitation within 200 nm can be applied to the delimitation beyond that distance. In contrast to some prevailing arguments that the delimitation methodology for the continental shelf beyond 200 nm should somewhat differ, this article examines whether the delimitation beyond 200 nm can be integrated under the three-stage approach articulated by the ICJ in the 2009 Black Sea case and discusses what methodological problems have been raised in the delimitation process. By analysing the applicability and application of the three-stage approach to the continental shelf delimitation beyond 200 nm in the jurisprudence, this article argues that substantive integration of the delimitation methodology for the continental shelf beyond 200 nm has taken place and is likely to continue. The integrated approach to the delimitation methodology adopted in the Bangladesh v. India case and the Ghana/Côte d’Ivoire case may prove to be guiding precedents that indicate a way forward in the jurisprudence.

Status zakonskih ograničenja autorskog prava i patenta u međunarodnom pravu i pravu Srbije

The focus of the work is on the confrontation of the traditional (de lege lata) and modern (de lege ferenda) concepts of the “three-step test”, which shows that the traditional principle of restrictiveness in the regulation of the limitation of rights gives way to the principles of purposefullness and proportionality. This enables this test to become a flexible and effective tool for adjusting the balance of relevant interests in the protection of intellectual property, in order to achieve the public interest – the improvement of creativity, development and community welfare. The “three-step test” is, by its very nature, an instructive international legal norm addressed to the national legislator who prescribes the limitations of rights. In Serbia, this test was incorporated into the text of Law on Copyright and Related Rights and Law on Patents, which gave it the nature of a national legal norm that binds entities that apply the law. Considering the causes and consequences of this unusual phenomenon, the author criticizes the technique of harmonizing domestic law with EU law, where the emphasis is on the criterion of text matching, and not on the substantive integration of EU norms into the domestic legal order.

Пространство культуры в зеркале городского ландшафта

The article investigates the main characteristics of the concept “space of culture” as one of the fundamental ontological characteristics of the “second nature” of human. It is proved that such space has a substantive integrity in the geo­graphical, speculative and metaphysical plans, that it carries coiled meanings and opportunities, which are realized in the construction of a system of relations be­tween objects of the urban environment. The city is a cultural landscape, formed by the superimposition of the sphere of meanings on a geographical place. In this context, the city itself and the objects filling it are considered in the opposition “artifact – counterfactual”, which is connected with the value and semantic con­tent of artificial objects. Through artifacts a metaphysical vertical of culture is built, in which the recognition of ideas and their material embodiment take place. Such an embodiment has an immanent expressiveness, which determines the visual side of the city’s cultural space. Here a special place is occupied by monuments, which, on the one hand, organize the space, acting as its aesthetic and semantic dominant, and, on the other hand, carry the pathos of the highest meaning of human existence. The semantic side of the space of urban culture determines its semiotic landscape, which is filled with narratives that form the city’s landmarks. These, in turn, are fleshed out with art objects that are part of the physical flesh of urban space. The semantic component implies the subjec­tive dimension of cultural space. It represents the mental constructs structuring the citizen’s life experience, in the space of which he/she experiences their pres­ence in the city. The authors show that such constructs are not hermetic subjec­tive formation. They are formed in the context of interpretation of the meanings of urban artifacts in the horizon of spiritual values of culture.

PROSPECTS FOR INTERLINKING TRANSPORT, SPATIAL, AND DEVELOPMENT PLANNING AT THE REGIONAL LEVEL IN SLOVENIA

The prospects for aligning transport, spatial, and development planning at the regional level in Slovenia are presented in this article. We focus primarily on assessing the possibility of linking and interweaving the contents of documents provided for existing legislation, as well as legislation that is in the preparation phase. First, we present the general factors of differentiation and connection between the documents of the considered areas of planning. Then, we present the substantive factors of differentiation and the connection between the documents at the state level. In the next chapter, we present emerging technologies and transport services and their inclusion in spatial, development, and transport planning in national documents and regional development programs. In the last part of the article, we present the final findings and proposals for the substantive integration of the preparation of transport, spatial, and development planning documents at the regional level in Slovenia. The article was prepared in the framework of the CARE4CLIMATE project – boosting greenhouse gas emissions reduction by 2020 with a view to 2030 – promoting sustainable transport, energy efficiency, renewable energies, and sustainable, climate-protecting land use in the transition to a low-carbon society.

Capacity issues in primary health care implementation: examples from Ghana

PurposeResources as well as the capacity to employ them judiciously may well be the key to the attainment of the SDGs and other related health goals through primary health care (PHC). Within this PHC framework, however, the source of resources for PHC as well as the systems for managing these associated resources remain unclear, complex and lack substantive integration systems of implementing ministries, departments and agencies (both local and international) in Ghana. These issues are addressed by this study.Design/methodology/approachThe framework approach to thematic analysis was used to analyse qualitative data collected from key PHC managers in Ghana selected purposively from the national, regional and district levels. Data were collected through in-depth interviews specially designed in line with the study objectives. The study was also governed by the Noguchi Memorial Institute for Medical Research which provided ethical clearance for the study.FindingsAs per Alma Ata's recommendation, PHC in its purest form is a resource dense activity with far-reaching implications on individuals and communities. Without adequate resources, PHC implementation remained merely on paper. Findings show that the key capacities required for PHC implementation were finance, human resource, technology and logistics. While significant cases of shortages and inadequacies were evident, management and maintenance of these capacities appeared to be another significant determinant of PHC implementation. Additionally, the poor allocation, distribution and sustainability of these capacities had a negative effect on PHC outcomes with more resources being concentrated in capital towns than in rural areas.Research limitations/implicationsThis study has significant implications on the way PHC is seen, implemented and assessed not in Ghana but in other developing countries. In addition to examining the nature and extent of capacities required for PHC implementation, it gives significant pathways on how limited resources, when properly managed, may catalyse the attainment of the PHC goals. Subsequently, PHC implementation will profit from stakeholder attention and further research into practical ways of ensuring efficiency in the allocation, distribution and management of resources especially considering the limited resources available and the budding constraints associated with the dependency on external stakeholders for PHC implementation.Originality/valueThis study is part of a series on PHC implementation in Ghana. Quite apart from putting core implementation issues into perspective, it presents first-hand information on Ghana's PHC implementation journey and is thus relevant for researchers, students, practitioners and the wider public.

Does sustainable board governance drive corporate social responsibility? A structured literature review on European archival research

PurposeThis paper aims to analyze the impact that sustainable board governance has on corporate social responsibility (CSR) on the European capital market because of the current debate of future European regulations on the topic.Design/methodology/approachBased on a legitimacy and stakeholder theoretical framework, the author conducts a structured literature review and includes 86 quantitative peer-reviewed empirical (archival) studies on board gender diversity, sustainability board expertise and sustainability-related executive compensation and their impact on CSR variables.FindingsGender board diversity represents the most important variable in this literature review. The included categories of sustainable board governance positively influence both the total CSR and environmental outputs.Research limitations/implicationsA detailed analysis of sustainable board governance proxies is needed in future archival research to differentiate between symbolic and substantive use of CSR. In view of the current European reform initiatives on sustainable corporate governance in line with the EU Green Deal project, future research should also analyze the interactions between the included sustainable board governance variables and their contributions to CSR.Practical implicationsAs both stakeholder demands’ on CSR outputs and CSR washing have increased since the financial crisis of 2008–2009, firms should be aware of a substantive integration of sustainability within their boards of directors (e.g. because of composition and compensation) to increase their CSR efforts and long-term firm reputation.Originality/valueThis analysis makes useful contributions to prior research by focusing on sustainable board governance as a key determinant of CSR outputs on the European capital market. The European Commission’s future evidence-based regulations [e.g. the corporate sustainability reporting directive (CSRD) and the corporate sustainability due diligence directive (CSDD)] should be promoted.

LAB KIT DEVELOPMENT TO IMPROVE STUDENT’S ATTITUDES AND ACHIEVEMENTS IN DISTANCE LEARNING

A shortcoming of distance learning is the lack of substantive integration of hands-on activities into online classrooms. We conducted a research and development study, where the lab kits and tutorial videos were sent to students to perform experiments in their own homes. We planned, tested, developed, improved, and implemented kits into experimental distance learning. This research was conducted to improve previous studies in linear subjects. Findings have implications for distance learning in rural areas that have limitations. Furthermore, our findings illustrate the potential amplifying effect of this learning environment configuration for science teachers. Thirty-two students, four experts, and three science teachers participated in this research. The product’ validity and feasibility were obtained by descriptive analysis of experts and students' assessment data. Students’ learning motivation and activities were observed and analyzed descriptively. Students’ cognitive learning outcomes were obtained by analyzing pretest and posttest data using paired sample t-test. This learning helped students achieve intellectual goals by significantly improving students’ learning motivation, activities, and cognitive outcomes.

Liturgy, Virtue, and the Foundations of an Ecclesial Ethic

The connection between liturgy and ethics has been an explicit subject of interest among Christian theologians since the second half of the twentieth century. However, most calls for a substantive integration of worship and Christian morality have proceeded in a single direction. Liturgy provides the foundations of an ecclesial ethic that is directed primarily outward as a witness to the world. A troubling consequence of this general approach to linking liturgy and ethics is that the church, situated in an iconic or kerygmatic role, rarely turns its ethical attention inward. In this essay, I offer a reading of the relationship between liturgy and ethics that may begin to overcome these limitations. In dialogue with Orthodox theologians Alexander Schmemann and Vigen Guroian, I propose a renewed emphasis on the eschatological dimension of eucharistic liturgy that, when theorized through the lens of virtue ethics, can yield a more dynamic, inward-facing ecclesial ethic.

Building sustainable research and data tools and partnerships for a healthy city for all

Abstract Vancouver is located in a temperate rain forest surrounded by mountains and water. Indigenous communities, including the Nations whose homelands the city occupies, have recognized that the abundance of this place can build healthy communities for many generations. But contemporary Vancouver is not a healthy city for all. Since 2014, Vancouver has adopted a Healthy City Strategy, a master social sustainability plan to address inequities in the social determinants of health at a population scale. This includes a number of population health targets and indicators. However, implementation has been slow, with substantive integration of health into policy not yet achieved. With support from the Partnership for Healthy Cities, we have translated the Healthy City Strategy's indicators into an online dashboard, including disaggregated local data. In addition to public accountability, this tool enables data to be a platform for aligning city policy, action and investment toward common health outcomes. In parallel, we are also piloting more community-generated approaches to health data and indicators, with a focus on co-creating health indicators with Indigenous communities. Preliminary results have shown improvement in collaboration across city departments, leading to increased focus on upstream, preventive work. The dashboard is enabling frameworks for funding and working with the social service sector toward common health goals. Engagement efforts have shown the continued importance of a holistic strategy for health that is co-created with community knowledge and priorities. These interventions must be sustained and integrated into ongoing work. The technical work of developing the dashboard contributes to city-wide efforts toward data monitoring and reporting. Data has shown to be an important tool for beginning conversations, but sharing data about health inequities experienced by communities must be matched with an ongoing commitment to engagement and co-creation. Key messages Population health data can be leveraged through interactive tools to better integrate and align city policies, plans and investments to address the social determinants of health. Engaging and co-creating policy with communities supports upstream, preventive action on health inequities.

A Review of Hana Horáková, Andrea Boscoboinik, Robin Smith (eds.), Utopia and Neoliberalism: Ethnographies of Rural Spaces. Berlin: Lit-Verlag, 2018, 256 pр.

The reviewed collection of articles constitutes an intriguing attempt to understand the modern processes taking place in rural areas in terms of their relationship with utopian ideas and positions of neoliberalism. Using field materials from Central and Eastern Europe and China, researchers demonstrate a wide range of scenarios and practices related to imagining the rural world and rural lifestyles emerging in the context of globalization, industrialization, information technology development, and neoliberal politics. The similarity of the authors' methodological approaches and the general theoretical framework ensure the structural and substantive integrity of the collection, which allows the reader to engage in discussions about economic, social, cultural and other changes that are characteristic of most modern rural areas.

Eye-tracking Analysis of the Ergonomics of an Internet-based Educational Portal in the Acceptance Testing Process

In the article I will present the concept of using eye-tracking to examine the ergonomics of operating an Internet educational portal in the acceptance testing process. In the test performed, the results were obtained in nine sections characteristic of the defined AOI1 vs. REC. Selected data has been presented as an example of the results obtained from a complete study showing how users browse the content of the primary conclusion is the way of arranging information on the home page. Permanent arrangement of information takes the form of a non-editable menu. This is the most popular solution found, because it allows for permanent unity of content and easy search. 1. Coherence is located in the context of logical substantive integration. 2. Communication is measured by measuring average time viewed, fixations and number of revisits to defined areas.

Institutional Challenges for External Differentiated Integration: The Case of the EEA

This working paper analyses the institutional challenges related to external differentiated integration in the European Economic Area (EEA). It focuses mainly on the formulation of EEA-relevant EU legislation and its incorporation into the EEA Agreement. The paper shows that over the past 25 years various institutional arrangements have been added to the initial institutional framework of the EEA in order to increase and maintain substantive integration. However, the European Union (EU) has been consistent in protecting the autonomy of its decision making which is why the EEA EFTA States have far-reaching access to EU policy making but never the right to vote. The EEA EFTA States therefore insist on separate EEA decision making whenever possible. This has given them a surprisingly large amount of room for manoeuvre for instance, by deliberately delaying the incorporation of politically sensitive acts, and by making EEA-specific adaptations to EU acts. On the other hand, they were also forced to introduce simplified procedures for EEA decision making in order to cope better with the high legislative dynamics of the EU. These procedures give priority to the efficacy of the EEA over the decision-making autonomy of the EEA EFTA States by establishing a more or less automatic rule transfer from the EU to the EEA. Thanks to its far-reaching functional and institutional integration the EEA provides a good example for the analysis of the legal and political feasibility of external differentiated integration. Above all, the results of the empirical analysis demonstrate how difficult it is to reconcile the integration reservations of non-Member States with the principles of the EU in an institutional framework designed to ensure the long-term good functioning of their relations.

The degree of cost accounting development in the context of hospital information system

The article describes the results of research on the model of hospital cost accounting maturity obtained in the second stage of own research. The aim of the conducted research was to identify the premises of cost accounting maturity in the context of the hospital information system. In order to achieve thus defined goal, a research hypothesis was formulated that the level of the maturity of hospital cost accounting depends on the degree of achievement of goals resulting from external and internal information needs of data recip-ients. It has been accepted that external needs determining the maturity of cost accounting arise from formal regulations. In the case of hospitals functioning as independent public health care centers, they have been recommended for use for 27 years. As regards the internal needs, the so called substantive integration of cost and medical data has been defined, among other things. The research shows that both formal regula-tions and managerial needs determine the level of cost accounting maturity. It also indicates that the sub-stantive integration of the collected data serving the needs of the management is more important than the technical integration of hospital information system.

Analysis of professional activity of engineers in the mechanical engineering industry in the context of modern requirements

The article is dedicated to the analysis of professional activity of engineers in the mechanicalengineering industry in the context of modern requirements, and determines the subject, features and meansof engineering activity. The paper provides a list of positions that can be occupied by engineers of themechanical engineering industry, which includes a design engineer, a process engineer, an engineer for theautomation and mechanization of production processes, an engineer for automated production managementsystems. The article characterizes their professional responsibilities and highlights generalized types of ones, and also establishes the necessity of their economically contextual realization as a condition forcompliance with the modern realities of the development of the world industry. The paper determined theneed to integrate the engineering and economic components of the professional training of future engineersin the mechanical engineering industry, where the levels of integration are a formal combination ofengineering and economic activities; logical and substantive integration of engineering and analytical andeconomic activities; value-semantic integration of economic and engineering strategies.engineering activity, namely design, production, technological, organizational, managerial, and research

Hands-on engagement online: using a randomised control trial to estimate the impact of an at-home lab kit on student attitudes and achievement in a MOOC

ABSTRACTA shortcoming of Massive Open Online Courses (MOOCs) is the lack of substantive integration of hands-on activities into online classrooms. We conducted a randomised control trial (RCT) in a MOOC where we sent the treatment group at-home lab kits with which they could perform experiments in their own homes. In our intervention research, we found that, at the end of the course, students in the treatment group had significantly higher exam scores and levels of self-efficacy to perform in the topic area than their control group counterparts. Students’ growth in self-concept was not significantly different. Findings have implications for distance courses in engineering and other science, technology, engineering, and math areas that traditionally have laboratory components. Furthermore, our findings illustrate the potential amplifying effect of this learning environment configuration for engineering instructors. Finally, this study illustrates how the dispersed nature of MOOCs facilitates RCTs and a recursive process linking theory and practice.

Personal world as an ontophenomenal reality (to the categorical analysis of Heorhiy Ball) http://pis.tneu.edu.ua/index.php/enpis/article/view/963

The basic approaches to the research of the category and universals “world” that holds semantic idea about comprehension by human foundations and regularities of the organization of the surrounding reality are substantiated. A holistic worldview picture of reality is revealed in the dialectical unity of the subject-object and subject-subject interaction as the perfect form of the filling the subject meaning of fundamental properties of being. Personal world, comprehended from the vertices of philosophical-psychological reflection, appears as a conceptual model of multidimensional reflection-creation by the subject the life activity of reality, and at the same time ontophenomenal locus that combines comprehended and realized by it in the existential space as a hypostasis of human existentialization. Integrative-personal approach of H.O. Ball in the interpretation of the world within the human substantive integrity determines the boundless horizons of self-creation as a personality and individuality in the whirlwind of spiritualized self-cherishing and co-vital self-realization.

The Uneasy Relationship between EU Environmental and Economic Policies, and the Role of the CJEU

This paper considers the constitutional imperative to integrate environmental protection requirements into the EU's economic policies, and examines how this has been operationalized in practice. It argues that, compared to the other EU institutions, the CJEU has continued to demonstrate leadership in giving effect to the integration imperative in the economic context. This is evidenced by a raft of recent judgments on the environment/economic interface, which in turn are coming before the Court due to the popularity, at Member State and EU levels, of market-based environmental instruments. Overall, the CJEU has shown itself to be a constitutionalist actor which is serious about the requirement to achieve real, substantive integration of environmental protection requirements into the EU’s economic policies, as required by Article 11 TFEU.

Commune Consensu: A Soft Power Comparison of the Commonwealth and the European Union

The post-war heritage, institutional similarities, and policy motivations shared between commonwealth entities and contemporary international organisations, and their subsequent impact on soft power represents a wealth of unexplored potential. As will be explored in this article, both the Commonwealth of Nations and the European Union represent different facets of contemporary multilateralism, have a markedly different impact on their respective members, and yet are both formidable ‘hybrid’ actors that can contribute to, and even constitute, global governance, while simultaneously defying easy description. Examining the concept of ‘soft power’, the structural and normative challenges facing both entities, the manner by which ‘house values’ are used to define the home institution, and the specific role of development policy, this article offers a series of pragmatic policy reforms that both organisations must perforce undertake if each is to tackle successfully the 21st century challenge of maintaining both structural and substantive integrity.

Second-Hand Spaces: Restructuring Retail Geographies in an Era of E-Commerce

Are online markets replacing or remaking second-hand markets in cities? The restructuring of secondary markets in light of virtual outlets like eBay is not well understood. In this article, we describe secondary markets and their important historic, economic, cultural, and social roles in cities. The literature on e-Commerce suggests that virtual retailers compete with bricks-and-mortar stores and potentially displace them. We question whether the internet can substitute for second-hand stores, which have traditionally relied on a loyal and local customer base, personalized shopping experiences, and surprise encounters. Given the historically embedded nature of exchange, we focus on one large Mid-western city, drawing upon survey and interview data from Chicago retailers. Our exploration of supply, demand, and geographic practices reveals subtle and complex alterations in second-hand exchange, rather than a displacement of second-hand markets by eBay. We also find substantive integration, fluidity, and hybridization within and across market sectors. Rather than supplant the production of new goods, secondary markets are intertwined with and deepen primary markets, calling into question some of the presumed benefits of and meanings associated with second-hand exchange as well as the usefulness of categorical distinctions. [Key words: secondary markets, second-hand, resale, thrift, e-commerce, eBay.]