Subsequent Empirical Research Research Articles

Artificial intelligence psychological anthropomorphism: scale development and validation

ABSTRACT This study explores the conceptualization, dimensional structure, and measurement of artificial intelligence (AI) psychological anthropomorphism in service scenarios. Data were collected using semi-structured in-depth interviews. A grounded theory research approach was employed to construct a structural model of AI psychological anthropomorphism that included the dimensions of personality, empathy, and mind. Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses were subsequently conducted on questionnaire data collected through online surveys and from which a scale for AI psychological anthropomorphism was developed. It consisted of 16 items and demonstrated good reliability and validity. Moreover, using structural equation modeling, strong nomological validity was demonstrated. The results indicate that AI psychological anthropomorphism and its dimensions significantly and positively predict trust and identity threat. These findings enhance understanding of the conceptual meaning and dimensional structure of AI psychological anthropomorphism in service scenarios, as well as provide a psychometrically reliable and valid measurement tool for use in subsequent empirical research. Additionally, the findings offer important insights for AI developers, service providers, and regulatory agencies to ameliorate AI design, formulate AI marketing strategies, and refine AI governance policies.

A Review of Frameworks and Instruments of Teacher Emotion Regulation Strategies

Teaching is a highly emotionally demanding job and can present educators with a variety of emotional challenges. Therefore, exploring teacher emotion regulation strategies can effectively help teachers build resilience and enhance their own sense of well-being. This study adopts literature analysis approach to review the existing representative research on the frameworks and instruments of teacher emotion regulation strategies from 1998 to 2023, and analyzes the development trends and the connection among the scales from the perspective of research objects, contexts, advantages and disadvantages. It is found that research on the development and application of frameworks and instruments of teacher emotion regulation strategies is gradually becoming more and more systematic and abundant. This study can provide reference for subsequent empirical research and provide a basis for the development of more instruments, effectively guiding teachers in regulating their own emotions and improving their teaching effectiveness.

Comprehensive mapping of food loss and food waste: Insights from a systematic literature review

This research aims to comprehensively map the stages at which food materials are discarded as food loss and food waste, drawing insights from existing literature. This study employs a systematic literature review methodology-the works of literature collected from reputable international journal databases. The findings of this investigation reveal a diverse array of research endeavors within the realm of food waste management. Researchers have undertaken endeavors to categorize different types of food waste, while others have delved into examining food resilience and waste generation in agricultural phases or amongst farmers. Distinct studies have concentrated on food resilience and waste issues encompassing traditional market traders. The academic community has also directed attention towards food waste in harvest, retail sales, followed by the hospitality industry, restaurant management, and household settings. The outcomes of this systematic literature review offer a foundational framework for delineating food waste patterns across agricultural, traditional market, retail, restaurant, hotel, and household contexts. Subsequent empirical research is poised to focus on categorizing food waste by type, identifying root causes, exploring mitigation efforts, and elucidating waste management strategies enacted by farmers, traditional market traders, retail stores, restaurants, hotels, and households.

Exploring elliptic geometry in neural networks : The concept of elliptic neural networks (ENN)

The exploration of non-Euclidean geometries in the context of neural network architectures presents a novel avenue for enhancing the processing of complex data structures. This paper introduces the concept of Elliptic Neural Networks (ENN), a framework that integrates the intrinsic properties of elliptic geometry into the fabric of neural computation. Characterized by constant positive curvature and closed geodesic paths, elliptic geometry provides a unique perspective for representing data, especially advantageous for configurations exhibiting cyclic and dense hierarchical interconnections. We begin by delineating the fundamental aspects of elliptic geometry, focusing on its impact on conventional notions of distance and global structural interpretation within data sets. This foundational understanding paves the way for our proposed mathematical schema for ENNs. Within this framework, we articulate the methodologies for embedding data in elliptic spaces and adapt neural network operations by encompassing neuron activation, signal propagation, and learning paradigms to conform to the topological idiosyncrasies of elliptic geometry. In this paper addressing the implementation of ENNs, we discuss the computational challenges and the development of novel algorithms requisite for navigating the elliptic geometric landscape. The prospective applications of ENNs are extensive and diverse, ranging from the enhancement of cyclic pattern recognition in time-series analysis to more sophisticated representations in graph-based data and natural language processing tasks. This theoretical exposition aims to set the groundwork for subsequent empirical research to validate the proposed model and assess its practical performance relative to conventional neural network architectures. By harnessing the distinctive characteristics of elliptic geometry, ENNs mark a significant stride towards enriching the arsenal of machine learning methodologies, potentially leading to more versatile and efficacious computational tools in data analysis and artificial intelligence.

Technology Acceptance of Wearable Collaborative Augmented Reality for Mathematics Education in A Junior High School

The Wearable Collaborative Augmented Reality (WcAR) represents a state-of-the-art advancement in computer technology, exhibiting diverse applications across various domains. Despite the increasing recognition of WcAR as an emerging educational technology, there exists a compelling need for further research, particularly in the context of mathematics education at the junior high school level. This research focuses on examining learners' acceptance of technology concerning Wearable Collaborative Augmented Reality (WcAR). The study utilizes data collected through questionnaires distributed after learners have interacted with the Hololens 2 device. To rigorously evaluate the proposed relationships, this investigation employs the methodology of Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM). The findings of the study reveal a statistically significant positive correlation between three extension structures—Interaction, Imagination, and Innovation—and the constructs of the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM), namely Perceived Usefulness and Perceived Ease of Use. Consequently, these results offer empirical support for the assertion that Wearable Collaborative Augmented Reality (WcAR) technology has the potential to be an effective tool for enhancing junior high school mathematics instruction. This empirical validation establishes a crucial theoretical foundation for subsequent empirical research endeavors in this domain. Furthermore, the study also discovers that WcAR technology can cultivate students' spatial understanding, providing valuable practical insights for the field of mathematics education.

Factors Affecting Autonomous Vehicles Adoption: A Systematic Review, Proposed Framework, and Future Roadmap

Autonomous vehicles (AVs) offer several benefits, such as improving road safety, mitigating traffic congestion, and reducing fuel consumption and gas emissions. Despite these benefits, their adoption rate remains limited due to various factors influencing users’ decisions. While previous studies have identified numerous factors influencing AV adoption using various adoption frameworks, the factors have not been comprehensively analyzed and synthesized. Thus, this systematic review aims to bridge this gap by identifying and classifying the factors influencing the adoption of AVs. Out of 3,532 collected research papers, 71 empirical studies were analyzed thoroughly. The findings demonstrated that the technology acceptance model (TAM) was the most widely used model for investigating AV adoption. The identified factors in the analyzed studies were classified into distinct categories: psychological and behavioral factors, technological factors, social factors, environmental factors, security and privacy factors, AV-related factors, risky and negative factors, conditional factors, and monetary factors. We have proposed an AV adoption framework grounded in this taxonomy to direct subsequent empirical research. We have also highlighted numerous agendas to serve as a blueprint for future AV adoption studies. This review offers various theoretical insights and actionable recommendations for multiple AV research, development, and implementation stakeholders.

Development and Validation of the "Lying Flat" Tendency Scale for the Youth.

In recent years, "lying flat" has been enthusiastically pursued by young people in China, and it is worth studying its cause and social impact. However, there is still a lack of measurement tools that can scientifically evaluate an individual's tendency for "lying flat." In this study, a 6-item "Lying Flat" Tendency Scale was developed and cross-validated for reliability and validity in different samples from China. The findings demonstrated that the scale showed good internal consistency in three different samples; both exploratory factor analysis and confirmatory factor analysis supported the single dimension model of the scale, indicating good construct validity; the LFTS total score was negatively correlated with the satisfaction of basic psychological needs, happiness index, and positive emotions, and was positively correlated with negative emotions; simultaneously, the LFTS total score was also significantly positively correlated with the choice of "lying flat" behavior in the simulated situation. These results show that the scale has good validity and reliability, and can be used as a measuring tool for subsequent empirical research. It will help to promote the development of empirical research on the phenomenon of "lying flat", help to understand the causes and consequences of "lying flat" more deeply, and also help to find effective ways to help young people break out of the "lying flat" dilemma.

A dual perspective of organizational resilience (OR) and information technology systems resilience (ITSR): an analysis of interdependencies and tensions

Contemporary organizations face a rising incidence of disasters, extreme events and crises (Boin and Lodge 2021). In parallel, the socioeconomic landscape is increasingly complex which intensifies inter-organizational dependencies and the risk of cascading failures (Ansell et al. 2021). To survive and perhaps thrive, organizations must cultivate organizational resilience (OR). However, their capacity to do so is currently curtailed. Although it is widely recognized that the performance of organizational processes, functions and capabilities is closely aligned to the effectiveness of associated information technology systems (ITS) (Schultze and Orlikowski 2004); models of OR have yet to elucidate mechanisms by which ITS contribute to resilience capabilities (Annarelli and Nonino 2016). In this conceptual paper, which is a work in progress, we reflect upon the nature of interdependencies and tensions between ITS resilience (ITSR) and OR. We adopt a deductive, qualitative approach to systematically compare OR & ITSR. Our comparative analysis is informed by OR models described by Duchek (2020), Sheffi and Rice Jr (2005) and Weick and Sutcliffe (2011), while for ITSR, we employ the Reactive Manifesto as interpreted by Bonér et al. (2014) and Debski et al. (2017). Figs 1, 2 illustrate our interpretation of each resilience construct. As may be seen on Fig. 1 we interpret OR as a three-phase process including preemptive, proactive & recovery phases each possessing associated resilience capabilities. The process may occasion three operational outcomes (or levels of resilience maturity). 1st , 2nd and 3rd order resilience denote organizations that when a disruption occurs, merely maintain key operations, rapidly achieve a return to normal operations or that capitalize on a disruption to achieve an improved post-shock trajectory respectively. merely maintain key operations, rapidly achieve a return to normal operations or that capitalize on a disruption to achieve an improved post-shock trajectory respectively. ITSR is interpreted via the notion, reactive scalability which describes an organizational system that is both responsive and scalable (Debski et al. 2017) i.e., which is able to rapidly achieve (responsive) appropriately dimensioned (scalable) adaptations to intra and extra-organizational changes. Our analysis employs a multi-level approach. The preliminary results of the analysis are presented in Table 1. Upon completion of the analysis, we will elaborate theoretical propositions pertaining to the relationship between the OR and ITSR constructs to guide subsequent empirical research to bridge the theoretical divide between these in reality, indissociable resilience constructs. This comprises the main anticipated contribution.

Income Tax Reconstruction on Construction Services to Support Development in Indonesia

Purpose: The rapid development of construction companies is still dominated by various illegal acts, including bribery, embezzlement, and fraud; this means that the correct tax income will not be reported to the tax office. It is necessary to produce a reconstruction of the income tax provisions on development-based construction services. Design/methodology/approach: This paper applied a normative juridical method with an evaluative and prescriptive thought. Findings: The applicable income tax regulations on Construction Services have not been able to overcome various illegal acts, such as fictitious sub-contractors, fictitious work units, replacement or deterioration of material quality, transfer of lump-sum costs to material costs, tender collusion, personal use of project equipment, and money laundering. Research limitations/implications: This paper would benefit from an in-depth study using a socio-legal approach. However, it can enrich subsequent empirical research. Originality/value: It is important and urgent to renew the income tax law in overcoming existing fraud on Construction Services, including the regulation of the Construction Industry Schemes obligations together with sanctions for each violation, revocation of final income tax on construction services, and the obligation to use the percentage-of-completion method in construction services whose project completion exceeds a financial year.

Technical points of human use experience of ethnic medicine

Ethnic medicine has a rich history of application. Because of the large number of ethnic groups, wide geographical distribution, and unique medical systems in China, the research on the human use experience(HUE) of ethnic medicine should combine the characteristics of ethnic medicine, be based on practical experience, and respect folk practice and tradition. The clinical positioning of ethnic medicine should consider three factors, i.e., population region, dominant diseases, and clinical demand. We should consider the development of traditional preparations that meet the needs of ethnic regions and encourage the development of new drugs that can be popularized and used nationwide for the dominant diseases of ethnic medicines. Attention should be paid to the problems such as a large number of customary articles or substitutes of ethnic medicinal materials, the phenomena of foreign bodies with the same name and different names for the same substance, the different standards of medicinal materials, and the poor processing standards. The name, processing method, source, medicinal parts, and dosage of ethnic medicinal materials or decoction pieces should be determined, and resources should be carefully evaluated to ensure the safety of medicinal resources and ecology. The preparation of ethnic medicine is mostly in the form of pills, powder, ointment, etc., with simple processing technology. The problems of low-quality stan-dards of some preparations, different prescriptions with the same name, and inconsistent processing technology should be overcome, and the process route and main process parameters should be clarified to lay the foundation for the subsequent empirical research on HUE. In the collection and analysis of the HUE data of ethnic medicine, the core guiding ideology of "patient-centered" should be established, and the experience data of patients should be collected. The problems of weak links existing in the inheritance of ethnic medicine should be solved, and flexible and diverse methods should be adopted. Meanwhile, on the premise of complying with the requirements of the principles of medical ethics, we should respect the religion, culture, and customs of ethnic areas to obtain the key HUE information of ethnic medicine. On the basis of the patient preference information and differences in regional disease epidemiology, population characteristics, and medical practice, whether the HUE conclusions of ethnic medicine can be extrapolated to patients outside the region is evaluated from the aspects of clinical benefits, risk tolerance, risk acceptance, etc. The HUE research on ethnic medicine is carried out in a clear way to guide the research and development of new ethnic medicines.

Exploration on The Psychological Mechanism of Mindfulness Meditation

With the accumulation of social understanding and practical experience of mindfulness meditation, mindfulness meditation has been accepted and applied by more people in practical life situations. Mindfulness meditation has become one of the important research topics today. Due to the current research focus being more on the correlation research and hypothesis description of influencing factors of mindfulness meditation, there is less empirical research on the mechanism exploration of mindfulness meditation. Further summarize the existing relevant research results and methods, and explore the psychological mechanisms of mindfulness meditation from its origins, concepts, and development, providing case and theoretical support for subsequent empirical research on mechanisms. A large number of researchers have found that mindfulness meditation has a positive regulatory effect on negative emotions in various contexts, and the concept of “mind” related to Buddhism and Zen in mindfulness meditation has similarities with the self-concept studied in Western psychology. Correctly understand the complexity of the development of mindfulness meditation, grasp core concepts in future empirical exploration and research on the psychological mechanisms of mindfulness meditation, and fully utilize new technologies to create more possibilities.

Development and Validation of a Motivation Scale for Status Pursuit by Organization Members.

Based on a literature review and questionnaire survey, the study proposes two tendencies of employees’ status pursuit motivation. It applies exploratory factor analysis, confirmatory factor analysis, and other statistical methods to develop a scale of motivation for status which contains nine items and two dimensions. The development stage of this scale consists of the generation of the initial scale, exploratory research and verification research. In the generation stage of the initial scale, we obtained 12 initial questions of the status scale by combing status literature and adopting open questionnaire among employees of knowledge-based enterprises, and determined 10 of them as the questions of the initial scale by text analysis method. In the exploratory research stage, we conducted pre-survey and formal questionnaire collection on some enterprises in Guangdong and Jiangsu provinces of China. In the pre-survey stage, we distributed 100 questionnaires (81 were recovered), and the pre-survey results were satisfactory. Accordingly, 400 questionnaires were distributed (370 were recovered). In the exploratory research stage, we verified the organization member status pursuit motivation scale consisting of two dimensions and nine items. In the stage of validation research, 450 questionnaires were distributed to knowledge-intensive enterprises in Guangdong province, Jiangsu Province, Jiangxi Province and so on (425 were returned). The validation research on organizational membership motivation scale included violation estimation test, confirmatory factor analysis, model fit evaluation, reliability and validity test. Finally, a scale of status pursuit motivation of organization members consisting of two dimensions and nine items is obtained. This study expands the measurement methods of status research from a new perspective and lays a foundation for subsequent empirical research on organizational member status pursuit motivation.

Exploring Translator and Interpreter Training in the Trinidad and Tobago Context: An overview

This article provides an overview of the current provision of translator and interpreter training in the English-speaking Caribbean nation of Trinidad and Tobago. In contextualising the country's current linguistic and geopolitical situation, including the growing prominence of Spanish in the country's society, present conditions regarding the need for translational services are outlined. The overview adopts a literature-based approach which involves analysing the websites of tertiary institutions in Trinidad and Tobago where translation and interpreting-related training provision is currently on offer. Through examination of the relevant course syllabi and the pertinent degree and diploma programmes available, available course offerings are presented and discussed, thus giving a solid panorama of the present landscape regarding translator and interpreter training options in the country. Finally, although interpreter training seems well-established in the country, suggestions are offered regarding possible future steps for translator training in the Trinidad and Tobago context, as well as pointers for subsequent empirical research in the future.

Place-Related Concepts and Pro-Environmental Behavior in Tourism Research: A Conceptual Framework

The negative impacts of tourism development are increasing environmental problems related to the destruction of the global environment, calling on scholars and practitioners to look more at the relationship between people and place. In this concern, place attachment has attracted wide interest, especially from environmental psychologists, to investigate this relationship. This paper presents different approaches to analyze place attachment and related concepts to determine pro-environmental behavior in tourism consumption. It identifies critical gaps in the literature and extends existing theoretical frameworks by considering additional factors, and the entire process from input (participation), through mediations (attachment, meanings, satisfaction) to output (behavior). It reviews the definition of place attachment and essential place-related concepts and outlines why the suggested framework is necessary to extend the current body of research in people–place relationships. It also broadly evaluates current scales and measurement models of constructs included and the structural model of this framework, thereby making recommendations relevant for subsequent empirical research. Finally, contributions to theory, limitations, and suggestions are discussed.

Chaotic Harris Hawks Optimization with Quasi-Reflection-Based Learning: An Application to Enhance CNN Design.

The research presented in this manuscript proposes a novel Harris Hawks optimization algorithm with practical application for evolving convolutional neural network architecture to classify various grades of brain tumor using magnetic resonance imaging. The proposed improved Harris Hawks optimization method, which belongs to the group of swarm intelligence metaheuristics, further improves the exploration and exploitation abilities of the basic algorithm by incorporating a chaotic population initialization and local search, along with a replacement strategy based on the quasi-reflection-based learning procedure. The proposed method was first evaluated on 10 recent CEC2019 benchmarks and the achieved results are compared with the ones generated by the basic algorithm, as well as with results of other state-of-the-art approaches that were tested under the same experimental conditions. In subsequent empirical research, the proposed method was adapted and applied for a practical challenge of convolutional neural network design. The evolved network structures were validated against two datasets that contain images of a healthy brain and brain with tumors. The first dataset comprises well-known IXI and cancer imagining archive images, while the second dataset consists of axial T1-weighted brain tumor images, as proposed in one recently published study in the Q1 journal. After performing data augmentation, the first dataset encompasses 8.000 healthy and 8.000 brain tumor images with grades I, II, III, and IV and the second dataset includes 4.908 images with Glioma, Meningioma, and Pituitary, with 1.636 images belonging to each tumor class. The swarm intelligence-driven convolutional neural network approach was evaluated and compared to other, similar methods and achieved a superior performance. The obtained accuracy was over 95% in all conducted experiments. Based on the established results, it is reasonable to conclude that the proposed approach could be used to develop networks that can assist doctors in diagnostics and help in the early detection of brain tumors.

Development and Validation of a Co-Created Value Scale from the Service-Dominant Logic Perspective: A Mixed-Method Approach

This study developed a scale of co-created value (CCV) from the service-dominant logic perspective. Value co-creation highlighted by service-dominant logic has drawn the attention of academia; however, the actual value, as an outcome of value co-creation, is not yet fully measured. The present study conceptualized CCV and developed a scale consisting of four dimensions: CCV-in-use, CCV-in-interaction, CCV-in-involvement, and CCV-in-experience. The study adopted machine learning-based text-mining techniques to analyze two sources of texts, including keywords used in previous literature and online customer reviews, to generate items that comprehensively address the concept of co-created value. In addition to a rigorous scale development process, confirmed reliability and validity demonstrate that items and dimensions of the scale are organized appropriately and work predictively with other constructs. The scale proposed contributes to subsequent empirical research and helps practitioners assess their level of service management and marketing strategies from a co-creation perspective.

Comparing Methods for Large-Scale Agile Software Development: A Systematic Literature Review

Following the highly pervasive and effective use of agile methods at the team level, many software organisations now wish to replicate this success at the organisational level, adopting large-scale agile methods such as SAFe, Scrum-at-Scale, and others. However, this has proven significantly challenging. An analysis of the extant literature reveals a disparate set of studies across each individual method, with no cross-method comparison based on empirical evidence. This systematic literature review compares the main large-scale agile methods, namely SAFe, LeSS, Scrum-at-Scale, DAD, and the Spotify model. It is the first study to analyse and compare each of the method’s principles, practices, tools, and metrics in a standardised manner. For each method, it presents not just the original method specifications but also all extensions and modifications to each method proposed by subsequent empirical research. It includes in this comparison not just commercial large-scale methods but also those that have been custom-built in organisations such as Nokia, Ericsson, and others. Based on the findings reported in this study, practitioners can make a more informed decision as to which commercial method or method component or, indeed, custom-built method is better suited to their needs. Our study reveals a number of theoretical and practical issues in the current literature, such as an emphasis on the practices of commercial frameworks at the expense of their underlying principles, or indeed any of the custom method. A set of challenges and success factors associated with the use of large-scale agile methods are identified. The study also identifies a number of research gaps to be addressed across methods.

Theorizing the moderating roles of perceived service fairness and self-congruence on the relationship between experiential marketing, customer citizenship behavior and brand loyalty

In such a fierce market competition, brand loyalty and the extent to which consumers participate in the corporate value chain cycle are even more important. At present, scholars’ research on customer behavior and brand loyalty are still relatively limited. Therefore, the purpose of this article is to use the subjective well-being and brand identity as the mediators, the perceived service fairness as the roles of moderating to explore the experiential marketing, probing into a relationship between the customer citizenship behavior and the brand loyalty to build a research framework as the basis for subsequent empirical research.

Theory of Differential Association

In the broad spectrum of criminological theories on the causes of deviant behavior, sociological theories of criminality involve particular importance. These theories, the causes of such behaviors are only seen in the conditions and social interactions of the individual in their environment. However, with scientific explanations about the causes of criminal behavior, special place has the theory who gives a special importance to the delinquent's interaction with its environment. This is known as theory of various associations or more commonly known as the theory of differential association. The creator of this theory is the famous American sociologist and criminologist Edwin Sutherland, who has left indelible imprints on the relatively short but very important tradition of American criminological theories of criminality. The famous creator's lessons have been taken and modified by many prominent criminologists in their reviews of criminal etiology. As a result this lesson has also been the basis for numerous subsequent empirical research on criminal behavior. In this paper, using the comparative, theoretical, and meta-analysis methods, will be presented the views of some criminology authors and their interpretation of Sutherland's lessons on differential association. Due to this, a brief section of some empirical studies of delinquent behaviors based on E. Sutherland's lessons will be presented, and also the final discussion on these issues will be discussed.

Pressures of CSR in India: an institutional perspective

PurposeWide differences in the focus and form of corporate social responsibility (CSR) exist among countries due to the different institutional embeddedness of CSR practices. The purpose of this paper is to seek to explain them within the framework provided by institutional theory by identifying important pressures driving CSR practices. Further, it intends to extend theory by proposing a conceptual model that relates institutional pressures, CSR practices, reputation and financial performance of corporates in a developing country like India.Design/methodology/approachDrawing upon the extant literature on the constructs, the paper describes their evolution through decades and weaves relationship between them. Institutional theory provides the framework to develop hypotheses.FindingsThe model has its roots in Scott’s institutional theory – linking regulative, normative and cognitive pressures to CSR practices. Reputation mediates the relationship between CSR and financial performance.Practical implicationsThe conceptual model can serve as a foundation for subsequent empirical research. An understanding of relationship between constructs in the model will help corporates to strategize CSR initiatives. At the organisational level, insight into managerial perceptions of CSR practices will help to identify the need for training, if there is a gap between what organisation intends and what managers perceive.Originality/valueThe authors have proposed for the first time an integrative model that will help to understand the antecedents as well as consequences of CSR practices in a developing country within a theoretical framework.