Subject Of Corruption Research Articles

On the Subject of Corruption: “Community Contributions” and the Labour of Infrastructural Development in Post-Earthquake Nepal

Abstract This piece explores ethnographically how new “subjects” of corruption are formulated through discursive and practical negotiations over the appropriate behaviour of those who would have previously been understood as subalterns. I explore these questions in the context of a reconstruction project in post-conflict, post-earthquake Nepal. Newly rendered as “community members” and “users,” in the language of both governmental and non-governmental agencies, I suggest that residents of Nepal’s rural areas navigate rapidly evolving state structures, domestic labour markets, and transnational relationships by practicing new forms of agency that can put them at odds with the expectations of the external actors who offer resources and regulate their use.

Higher education is the main platform for combating corruption

The article proposes to define standards of conduct not only for the official, but also for other members of society in order to find new ways to eliminate corruption. The main idea of ​​the study is to fight corruption not at the level of a civil servant, but at a time when the concept of corruption is still in its infancy, at the stage of formation of young people's consciousness. That is, it is recommended to focus all efforts on educational institutions of the country. According to the author, this is where the formation of human consciousness can still be influenced. It is also noted that special attention should be paid to the formation of an anti-corruption culture. In search of an answer to this question, the author studied the legislation of the Republic of Kazakhstan on anti-corruption, political decisions, as well as foreign best practices. According to the article, the Anti-Corruption Law of the Republic of Kazakhstan of 2015 contains 14 anti-corruption measures, but their 13th is aimed at controlling, prohibiting and restricting certain actions of civil servants, and only one measure aimed at creating anti-corruption behavior among young people. According to the author, the relationship between teachers and students is beyond the scope of law. Evidence of this is the lack of a restrictive norm that restricts teacher activities and imposes liability on informal interactions with students, as well as a lack of law enforcement practice to hold teachers accountable.In this regard, the Russian experience in the fight against corruption is presented. In particular, criminal liability for corruption for the teaching staff of the university arises along with other government officials. Russian legislature and law enforcement practice recognize university professors as subjects of corruption. That is, university teachers are criminally liable for bribery if they receive a gift or money from students for taking an exam. Department of Criminal Law, Criminal Procedure and Criminalistics of Al-Farabi Kazakh National University in the framework of the discipline "Legal framework of anti-corruption" The competition for the best video on anti-corruption was held among the students of the course. It was decided to hold such an annual competition in the tradition of the university. Keywords: anti-corruption; formation of an anti-corruption culture; relationship between teachers and students.

ANALYSIS OF JUDGE'S DECISION THAT WAS OUT OF THE CRIME OF MURDER

The research method used in writing the results of this thesis research is normative juridical. The aims of this study are: (1) To find out and analyze the qualifications of corporations as subjects of corruption. (2) To find out and analyze the form of criminal liability against corporations as perpetrators of criminal acts of corruption. (2) To know the verdict of the judge who is free from the crime of murder. The results of the study show (1) In relation to the analysis of the judge's decision that is free from the crime of murder, it is clear that, to determine whether an act is included in a criminal act, a sharp analysis is needed from a judge without overriding the applicable law. (2) Seeing the obstacles faced by judges in determining decisions that are independent of the provisions of the Act on the crime of murder, then every judge who has convened should have matured emotionally, in terms of the thoughts, attitudes and authority of the judge himself and who is not inferior. What is important is the ability of mature human resources.

Organisational Ethics Management to Combat Corruption in the South African Public Sector

The purpose of this study is to develop organisational ethics and encourage an ethical culture in the South African public sector. Systematization of the literary sources and approaches for solving the problem of corruption indicates the need to observe the principles of organizational ethics to provide and preserve the circumstances necessary to support the integrity of democratic institutions and processes. The relevance of this scientific problem decision is that this study intends to adhere to ethical principles stipulated in Section 195 of the Constitution of the Republic of South Africa, 1996, stipulating that democratic principles shall guide South Africa’s governmental administration. These goals may be achieved by implementing a strong organizational ethics management system. Investigation in the paper is conducted in the following logical sequence: an overview of corruption in the South African public sector is explored, followed by an explanation regarding the significance of organizational ethics management in reducing corruption. The methodological tools of the research methods include a desktop study of the existing literature and official legislation and regulatory documents required for the research. Organizational ethics management was theoretically and contextually analyzed utilizing qualitative research methodologies and trend analysis. The results show that although the South African government has implemented remedial procedures to address unethical behavior in the public sector, the study found that financial mismanagement and corruption continue to predominate investigations, commissions of inquiry, and the media. These occurrences also include non-compliance with laws and regulations. Furthermore, disciplinary procedures are implemented improperly, and supervision mechanisms are not properly used or enforced. Based on the research results, proposals for policy changes and a list of priority corrective measures specific to the South African situation are made. The provided practical recommendations to support an ethical environment in the South African public sector may be helpful for representatives of the public administration and other public institutions. Although the subject of corruption is not new, it still needs ongoing dialogue and participation between academics, legislators, and policymakers to come up with solutions tailored to each nation.

Criminological Characteristics of the Official as a Special Subject of Corruption Criminal Offenses

The article is devoted to an important and topical topic – the criminological characteristics of the official as a subject of corruption offenses.Bringing to justice for corruption criminal offenses has always been a difficult task in terms of proving, proving guilt. At the same time, it should not be forgotten that from the point of view of substantive law there are also certain problematic aspects. In particular, we are convinced that it is important to establish the essence of the mandatory features of corruption offenses. Of course, they have common features of criminal offenses: wrongfulness, guilt, punishment, commission of an act by a person who is the subject of a criminal offense. In addition, they are characterized by certain specific features, in particular, the presence in one form or another of abuse of office; the presence of a special object of illicit gain; special subject; intentional form of guilt and special purpose. It is proposed to analyze the essence of a special subject.It is stated that a special subject is a natural sane person who has committed a criminal offense at an age from which criminal liability may arise, the subject of which can only be a certain person. The subject of corruption offenses is traditionally called an official. The essence of this concept is revealed in Art. 18 and note to Art. 364 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine. According to socio-demographic characteristics, the corrupt are mostly middle-aged men with families. Based on the moral and psychological characteristics of the subject of a corruption offense, corrupt may be persons who hold a particularly responsible position, provide public services, worked for the benefit of the enterprise, institution, organization and work performed and were in employment with such enterprise, institution or organization, officials of legal entities.According to criminal law, most acts of corruption are committed individually and not on a permanent basis. The last group of characteristics is represented by the social role and status of corrupt officials: petty corrupt, middle-level corrupt, proactive corrupt and malicious corrupt.The author provides reveals the essence of the official through the prism of socio-demographic; moral and psychological, criminal and legal features, as well as the social role and status of such persons.

Compared to them, we are angels: Parliament, othering and the fight against corruption in Ghana

Due to its supervisory responsibility over the executive and public institutions, including ministries, departments and agencies (MDAs), Ghana’s legislature has a mandate to check and fight corruption and make its practice a high risk, low-gain activity. The commitment, urgency and the willingness to fight corruption can be seen not only in creating the legislative framework for addressing corruption, promoting governmental accountability and acting as a check on the executive, but also in how the subject of corruption is broached in parliamentary debates and discussions, an area which relatively lacks scholarly attention. First, using an interpretive content analysis, this paper studies the approaches to the fight against corruption in Ghana by examining the Parliamentary Committee report on the National Anti-Corruption Action Plan (NACAP) and, the debate thereof, in order to uncover the focus of the NACAP. Second, the paper examines Parliamentarians’ use of evaluative language in parliamentary debates to enact otherness and how this othering affects the fight against corruption in Ghana. The paper finds that the NACAP suggests a three-pronged approach to the fight against corruption, viz: ethical/educational, multi-stakeholder and legal approaches. However, the implementation of these approaches has been ineffective due to certain Ghanaian cultural practices. Again, the paper finds that as a result of othering between government and opposition MPs, the fight against corruption is only incidental in parliamentary debates, indicating a low parliamentary commitment to the fight against corruption. Thus, the paper suggests that the fight against corruption must be taken away from the corridors of the Parliament of Ghana.

Коррупция в свете социологических теорий

<p>В статье феномен коррупции анализируется в рамках различных социологических теорий, позволяющих его рассмотреть в качестве девиантного поведения, особой разновидности социальных практик и социального концепта. Автор раскрывает тематику коррупции параллельно развитию социологической мысли, актуализируя познавательный потенциал классических работ в теориях современных исследователей. Представленные теоретические подходы объединяются единой линией социологического анализа, демонстрирующей сложную и тесную связь субъекта коррупционных действий и социокультурных условий жизни общества. Особое внимание уделяется конструированию девиантности коррупции в общественном дискурсе, показываются перспективы исследования коррупции как социального концепта.</p>

The Causes of Administrative and Financial Corruption and the Strategy to Combat it

This article is designed to touch on the subject of corruption in general and administrative and financial corruption in particular, focusing on identifying the most important reasons leading to the emergence and spread of this phenomenon fast in various developed and developing societies, especially in the latter to a higher degree. Highlighting the causes of this phenomenon through the examination and identification of fields contribute significantly to building strategies to combat it, In order to reach out to communities without these practices and negative behaviours. This will be studied by organizing it into three main axes, where the first axis deals with the concept of corruption, its characteristics and types and the second focuses on administrative and financial corruption, its forms and its economic effects while the third will highlight the causes of administrative and financial corruption and the most important strategies to combat it.

Prescriptive strategies to combat corruption within the administration of justice sector in Nigeria

PurposeA new republic has just begun in Nigeria in 2015 with the election of two anti-corruption crusaders as President and Vice president, respectively. Although very few empirical studies exist on the subject of corruption within the justice system in Nigeria the intolerable popular impression is that the machinery of justice in Nigeria is quite notoriously corrupt. The aim of this paper is to identify strategies and mechanisms that will enhance the professionalism, effectiveness, integrity, accountability and transparency of the organisations within Nigeria’s administration of justice system both at the federal and state levels including Ministries of Justice, the Police, the Prison Service, immigration, customs and even the Bar.Design/methodology/approachLiterature research is used to examine the problem. The author looks at corruption in the context of Nigerian laws. He tabulates the offences within the scope of the prohibition against corruption in Nigeria, as well as the incidences of corruption within the various sections of the criminal justice system. The prescriptive recommendations are divided into short-, medium- and long-term measures.FindingsThat corruption is actually prevalent in all areas of the Nigerian justice system. It is crucial that an impression must be made by the new administration in this area within a very short frame of time to arrest the situation and to reverse the damage caused so far.Research limitations/implicationsWord limit has not enabled us to go into deeper analysis. Lack of objective studies done from within the Nigeria justice sector itself on the manifestation of corruption.Originality/valueVery original analysis based on unique insight into the issue as academics, lawyers and practitioners within Nigerian anticorruption institutions.

The Role of Accounting Reform in Deterring Corruption Practices in the Public Sector: A Case Study in Kurdistan Region

There is an increasing focus on the subject of corruption around the world. The aim of this research is to investigate the impact of accounting reform on Kurdistan region with respect to corruption. The methodology used in this study is the qualitative interpretive method and the main tool for collecting data was the semi-structured interviews, through a case study on the Kurdistan region (Iraq). According to the literature and findings of this research, there is a relationship between the accounting system and corruption. Further, an efficient accounting system is regarded as one of the effective anti-corruption strategies. The Kurdistan region can increase the level of accountability and transparency in the public sector by reforming its current accounting processes, which will thus lead to the reduction in cases of corruption. Some essential changes have been suggested by the respondents to increase government accountability and transparency such as shifting from cash-basis to accrual-basis accounting, adopting international accounting standards, changing budget system from input-line to performance programme budget system, strengthening audit especially external auditors, updating the accounting curriculum and computerising the accounting system. These will improve the accounting system and thus aid in fighting corruption.

Corruption and the Nigerian Development Quagmire

One of the most difficult and dangerous issues in Nigeria is corruption. Corruption is so common in Nigeria that there can hardly be any new perspective and approach to it. In fact, corruption is so pervasive in the country that it would be nearly correct to opine that it is a way of life. To this extent, everyone in Nigeria, whether educated or otherwise, knows something about corruption, can cite cases and can attempt some level of analysis. Generally, abundant literature exists on the subject of corruption across the world, especially on the developing countries and on Nigeria particularly. This abundant literature and common perspectives while presenting analytical opportunities, however, also present a challenge. As numerous as the literature, common knowledge and perspectives are, corruption remains high, prevalent, popular, problematic, growing, and still insufficiently understood in corruption infested nations, such as, Nigeria. This thus necessitates fresh and current interrogations of the problematic. It is against this background that this article examined the existing perspectives and offered current interrogations of the contours of corruption in Nigeria. This is to further expand the bourgeoning body of knowledge on the subject matter and offer original and current yet uncovered trajectories of corruption in Nigeria.

Ethics and the subject of corruption

Ethics and the subject of corruption

A socio-political, economic and historical analysis of corruption in Nigeria 1960-2007

The subject of corruption has been an integral part of Nigeria’s economic, political, and social life since achieving independence from Britain in 1960, and probably even before. Successful governments have from time to time declared their intention to control the phenomenon, and have created special agencies and yet Nigeria continues to be enmeshed in huge financial criminal practices (Otusanya, 2010). In order to enrich our understanding of the causes and consequences of the corrupt practices of actors and their social relations, a historical framework was explored to explain why anti-social practices persist in Nigeria. This paper therefore argues that the persistence of the practice may be due to the colonisation of institutional structures in Nigeria, weak countervailing structures, enduring institutional structures, poor regulations and weak judicial systems. The paper suggests that, these institutions have not been strong enough to challenge and shape the governing system and offers some suggestions for reform.

Coping with corruption in foreign markets - Executive Commentary

The article presents a commentary by Stanislav Shekshnia, partner and founder of Zest Leadership, on the paper “Coping with Corruption in Foreign Markets,” by Jonathan P. Doh, Peter Rodriguez, Klaus Uhlenbruck, Jamie Collins, and Lorraine Eden. Shekshnia says corruption has a profound effect on foreign investment in developing countries and on the executives who work there. He says the paper provides a solid foundation for future research into the subject of corruption, and its framework is potentially helpful to companies assessing risks associated with corruption in particular countries. Shekshnia notes that it fails to convey the pervasiveness and scale of corruption.

The effect of openness on corruption

The seminal paper on the subject of corruption and trade is from Kruger (1974). She finds that quantitative trade restrictions shift resources from directly productive activities to rent seeking activities, such as corruption. This paper analyses the relationship between corruption and trade using corruption estimates and trade measures from multiple sources. The majority of empirical evidence supports a negative relationship between corruption and openness; however, this does not hold for all the data sets available. The estimated relationship seems to depend on the choice of the corruption index. Therefore, the data only provide weak support for the contention that trade restrictions increase corruption.

Privatisation, multinationals, and corruption

Recent initiatives from the OECD, the World Bank, and others on the subject of corruption have received widespread attention. However, the author argues that the incidence of corruption is closely connected with contracting-out, concessions, and privatisation, where multinationals based in OECD countries stand to gain profitable business. The encouragement of privatisation by the World Bank, and the economic benefit to OECD multinationals from this business, mean that action against corruption needs to involve effective sanctions by developing countries against multinationals which engage in corrupt practices; greater political transparency to remove the secrecy under which corruption flourishes; and resistance to the uncritical extension of privatisation. This article looks at empirical evidence on this subject.

The Sociology of Corruption - Some Themes and Issues

The subject of corruption in British public life has been neglected as an area of sociological research. The object of this paper is to begin to develop a theorisation of corruption by examining some basic conceptual and methodological issues. It will be argued that Britain is not necessarily experiencing a rise in corruption, but a change in its actual nature. This is characterised in terms of a move from `primary' to `secondary' corruption. By continuing to employ a primary conceptualisation, there is a danger of developing a radically misinformed, even corrupt, perspective on the recent `rise' in corruption. An attempt is therefore made in this analysis to examine some structural and cultural features of this new wave of corruption and argue that secondary corruption is endemic with the `marketisation' of public services and the introduction of the New Public Management.

Combating Corruption: The Malaysian Experience

IN THE RECENT ACADEMIC EMPHASIS on subject of corruption, most studies deal with definitional problems, types, causes, and functions. Several authors, using vocabulary of lubrication mechanics, have emphasized positive contributions of corruption to political and economic development. Support for this view, however, is not widespread, among either academics or government leaders. A Singapore leader described authors of such studies as the ideologists of kleptocracy. Many Asian leaders have described corruption as disease-a cancer that would, unless checked, eventually destroy entire social fabric. The prescription has often involved establishment of agencies or bureaus and promulgation of relevant legislation. This article analyzes such measures in Malaysia. It is widely held that level of corruption is lower in Malaysia than in most other Southeast Asian states. In index section of a popular text on Southeast Asian governments and politics, there is only one page reference to corruption in Malaysia, whereas there are three or more such references for Indonesia, Thailand, Laos, Philippines, and South Vietnam.' A study of foreign-owned industries in Malaysia reported that relatively low level of corruption was contributory to locating these industries here rather than in other Southeast Asian states. Within Malaysia, however, there is no dearth of allegations about

Marketing and Corruption

Introduction Corruption is like the slow rotting of a dead body says a modern author. Unsatisfied with a “rotten body” analogy, one may want a non‐moralist definition of corruption. The subject of corruption and bribing has been treated in several theoretical essays but few empirical studies. Corruption has attracted the interest of sociologists, anthropologists, economists and political scientists. Drawing upon some of this corruption literature this paper aims at discussing corruption from a “narrow” marketing perspective. What makes a marketer corrupt? Are the consequences of “discovery” a deterrent? What uncertainties are there in corruption practice? Those are the pragmatic questions we will set out to discuss.