Subgenital Plate Research Articles

Comprehensive description of new and known stages of Americabaetis titthion Lugo-Ortiz & McCafferty (Ephemeroptera: Baetidae)

The male imago of Americabaetis titthion is described for the first time. It can be distinguished from other male imagos of the genus by the following combination of characteristics: turbinate portion of the eyes with upper surface ellipsoidal and separated by approximately the width of a lateral ocellus; costal area of fore wings tinged with reddish-brown; presence of pairs of soft, setose protuberances on the meso- and metasternum; subgenital plate slightly concave; forceps with segment I/II slightly tapering medioapically. Supplementary descriptions for the nymph and female imago are provided, as well as the first description of the eggs of a species of the genus.

Study of Chinese Anostostomatidae (Orthoptera: Ensifera) XI: One new species Anabropsis (Apteranabropsis) from Tianlin, Guangxi

Anabropsis (Apteranabropsis) brevistria sp. nov. is described and illustrated for the first time and can be identified by the longitudinal yellowish brown stripe on the pronotal disc and the morphology of the male subgenital plate which bears roughly a V-shaped concavity. All the specimens are deposited in Guangxi Normal University.

Taxonomic status of the genus Lunakia, including a redescription of the male and female genitalia of Lunakia alyssella (Klimesch, 1941) (Lepidoptera, Plutellidae)

The genital morphology of the Lunakia alyssella (Klimesch, 1941) is redescribed. Additional details of both male and female genitalia are provided, supplemented with accompanying drawings. Anatomical evidence confirms that the genus Lunakia is distinct from the genus Eidophasia within the family Plutellidae. Males are characterized by long, curved appendages of the tegumen, and females by the antrum with a subgenital plate.

On the Neotropical Brincadorus: redescription, new species, taxonomic key and description of a related new genus (Insecta: Hemiptera: Cicadellidae: Deltocephalinae)

The Neotropical genus Brincadorus Oman, 1938 is redescribed, and five new species are described and illustrated. Brincadorus cruceno sp. nov., from Bolivia and Peru, can be differentiated by the long and slender aedeagus, with a pre-apical dorsal spine and apex curved downwards. Brincadorus gracilis sp. nov., from Ecuador and Peru, can be distinguished by the slender subgenital plates, aedeagus with slender shaft and basidorsal processes without a preapical tooth. Brincadorus limoncocha sp. nov. from Ecuador, can be differentiated by the robust aedeagus shaft, and bifurcate basidorsal processes. Brincadorus quincemil sp. nov., from Peru, can be distinguished by the bifurcate apex of the subgenital plates, and aedeagus basidorsal process with a preapical dorsal tooth. Brincadorus yanayacu sp. nov., from Ecuador, can be distinguished by the thorn-like apex of the subgenital plates, and short aedeagus, without processes. A key to species is provided, and a female is illustrated and described for the first time. New records for Ecuador and Peru are provided. A new genus that shares similarities with Brincadorus is described. Saltadorus gen. nov. can be distinguished by the smaller size, male pygofer with a pair of long inner lateral processes arising sub-basally on the dorsal region and extending beyond the pygofer apex, widely separated and elongated subgenital plates, and robust aedeagus with a conspicuous sclerotized gonoduct protruding from the atrium. Saltadorus blahniki sp. nov., from Peru, can be identified by the elongated male pygofer, and aedeagus without processes. Saltadorus dietrichi sp. nov., from Peru, can be distinguished by the shorter male pygofer, and aedeagus with a pair of subapical dorsal teeth. Based on the results of recent phylogenomic analyses, Brincadorus is removed from Bahitini and, along with Saltadorus, is considered unplaced to tribe in Deltocephalinae, pending further study.

Dutrapona, a new genus and three new species of Gyponini (Insecta: Hemiptera: Cicadellidae) from Central and South America

A new leafhopper genus of the tribe Gyponini, Dutrapona gen. nov., is proposed and described based on males of three newly described species from Central and South America: Dutrapona tenuis sp. nov. (type species) from Alajuela, Costa Rica, Dutrapona reticulata sp. nov. from Napo, Ecuador, and Dutrapona zahniseri sp. nov. from Coclé, Panama. The new genus resembles genera of the Hecalapona complex in sharing characteristics such as: body yellow without maculae and dorsoventrally flattened, crown moderately produced with anterior margin rounded and projected over anterior margins of eye, crown-face transition distinct and thin, maxillary plates narrow and not extending to clypeus apex and forewing with narrow appendix. However, Dutrapona gen. nov. can be distinguished from other Gyponini genera by the combination of the following of characteristics: ocelli positioned closer to midline and posterior margin of the crown, crown-face transition spatulate with two well defined carinae, male sternite VIII longer than wide, male pygofer with a pair of small caudal denticulated processes, subgenital plates short, and aedeagus with a pair of basilateral elongate processes.

Reducing the Wallacean and the Haeckelian Deficits in Apobaetis Day, 1955 (Ephemeroptera: Baetidae).

During an ongoing project aiming to understand the dynamics of Ephemeroptera biodiversity in the Doce River Basin after the disaster, an unusual large number of Apobaetis Day, 1955 were analyzed. The occurrence of Apobaetis is quite relevant, since the combination of factors such as its small body size and its habitat preferences makes their collection difficult and its presence often neglected. For the first time in science, adults of Apobaetis irai De Lima, Massariol, Cruz & Hamada, 2022 and Apobaetis fiuzai Salles & Lugo-Ortiz, 2002 are described and diagnosed. Apobaetis irai can be easily distinguished, among other characteristics by turbinate portion of compound eyes touching each other along midline; abdominal terga II-III and V-VII with well-marked lines on lateral and posterior margins; posterior margin of subgenital plate with projection broadly rounded to slightly truncate. Apobaetis fiuzai are diagnosed by turbinate portion of compound eyes touching each other posteriorly; mesothorax brown, except for broad cream marks on anterior margin of PSp and SLS, SSLi tinged with white, posterior corner of SMS with a red spot; abdominal terga II-VI translucent orangish-brown, terga VII-X brown, terga II-III and VI with conspicuous red medial mark; posterior margin of subgenital plate with subtriangular projection, apex narrowly truncate; forceps base wider at base, inner irregular edges. The new records of A. irai and A. fiuzai extend the distribution of Apobaetis within Minas Gerais and Espírito Santo States, Brazil. Furthermore, it is reported for the first time cases of gynandromorphs for Apobaetis.

The spine armament of the legs as an important means for the characterisation of the genera of Corydiinae and their relationships (Blattodea, Corydiidae)

The Palaearctic species of Corydiinae having no apical spine on the femora of the frontleg (48 species distributed to the genera Heterogamisca, Heterogamodes, Hemelytroblatta, Leiopteroblatta, Mononychoblatta, Nymphrytria, Psammoblatta) were studied in mainly three characters: tibia armament, features of the right phallomere, and distribution of bristles on the subgenital plate. The results suggest considerable changes in the classification with now 5 genera and several subgenera: (1) Heterogamodes with subgenera Heterogamodes, Heterogamisca, and Atuberculoblatta subgen. nov.; (2) Hemelytroblatta with subgenera Hemelytroblatta and Mollidentoblatta subgen. nov.; (3) Nymphrytria with subgenera Nymphrytria, Mononychoblatta, and Leiopteroblatta; (4) Psammoblatta; and (5) Fissidentoblatta gen. nov. The presumed relationships between the genera (1)–(3) are shown in a cladogram (Fig. 23). Four species of the subgenus Heterogamisca are described as new: H. longipilosa, H. sulcata, H. brevipennis, and H. pallens; a fifth species, H. jeffreyana, member of the Maltese fauna, had recently been described (Bohn & Sciberras 2021). A determination key allows the identification of the males of the genus Heterogamodes and its subgenera. All genera of Corydiinae, the following in addition to the already mentioned: Anisogamia, Arenivaga, Eremoblatta, Ergaula, Eucorydia, Eupolyphaga, Homoeogamia, Polyphaga, Polyphagina, and Therea, were studied in tibia armament, distribution of tricholiths on the cerci, wing structures and some other characters. The study revealed three groups of genera: The Therea-group with the Nearctic genera Homoeogamia, Ergaula, Eucorydia, and Therea; the Arenivaga-group with the Nearctic genera Arenivaga and Eremoblatta and the Palaearctic genus Polyphagina; and the Polyphaga-group containing the genera Anisogamia, Eupolyphaga, Polyphaga and all genera already mentioned in the first paragraph. The Therea-group most likely represents the most basal group of the Corydiinae, but appears as already split into two branches, with the Nearctic Homoeogamia on the one branch finally terminating in the Arenivaga-group, and the three other Old World genera on the other branch terminating in the Polyphaga-group (Fig. 24). The proposed phylogenetic relationships can only be seen as tentative and need proof on both fields of methods: on the morphological side the complex structures of the phallomeres still offer a rich arsenal of different structures hitherto certainly only partly used; on the side of the molecular methods a large extension of the number of genera to be studied is necessary including all known genera of Corydiinae. The unition of Princis’ Polyphagidae and Homoeogamiidae to one subfamily, Corydiinae, by Grandcolas 1994a appears justified, but with the exclusion of Cryptocercus. The genera Austropolyphaga, and Polyphagoides, later added by Roth (2003), have to be removed from Corydiinae: shape and size of the postclypeal shield exclude their belonging to this subfamily and there are no relevant characters known which the two genera share with Corydiinae. The same applies to the presumably erroneous addition of Hypercompsa to Corydiinae by Roth. Tivia inconspicua (Tiviinae) differs in several important characters from the other Tivia species. It is placed in a newly errected genus: Tiviella gen. nov..

Tettigoniinae (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) from South-West of Turkey, with an incognito new species and comments on the genus Eupholidoptera

Twenty species are recorded from SW of Turkey. One new species, Eupholidoptera abscondita sp. nov., is described. An overlooked previous synonym of Eupholidoptera tucherti Harz, 1988 with E. krueperi (Ramme, 1930) is confirmed and Eupholidoptera helina Çıplak, 2009 is synonymized with E. smyrnensis (Brunner von Wattenwyl, 1882). Twenty-one Eupholidoptera species from Turkey and the Middle East are compared with images of the female subgenital plates.

Four new species of the genus Phlugiolopsis (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae: Meconematinae) from Guangxi, China

After examining newly obtained specimens and all the known species from Guangxi, we proposed four new species. They can be distinguished from other species by the male cerci and subgenital plates of both sexes. Based on the specimens deposited in Guangxi Normal University, the illustrations of all new species are provided.

Archipsocus michamwiensis n. sp. - a new species of Psocoptera (Insecta) from Zanzibar (Tanzania)

This paper describes Archipsocus michamwiensis n. sp., a new species from the family Archipsocidae collected in Zanzibar, Tanzania. The single female (holotype) is macropterous and exhibits distinct reddish-brown colouration, and equal-length tarsal segments. Morphological measurements highlight features such as short antennae and a V-shaped pigmented area on the subgenital plate.

New genus and species of lice in the Oxylipeurus-complex (Phthiraptera, Ischnocera, Philopteridae), with an overview of the distribution of ischnoceran chewing lice on galliform hosts

Here, we describe a new genus of lice (Phthiraptera, Ischnocera) in the Oxylipeurus-complex, parasitising galliform hosts in the genera Tragopan Cuvier, 1829. This genus, Pelecolipeurusgen. nov., is separated from other members of the complex by the unique shape of the male subgenital plate and stylus, the male genitalia and other characters. The only previously-known species in the genus is Lipeurus longus Piaget, 1880, which is here tentatively re-described as Pelecolipeurus longus (Piaget, 1880), based on specimens from a non-type host, Tragopan temminckii (Gray, 1831). In addition, we describe a new species, Pelecolipeurus fujianensissp. nov., based on specimens from Tragopan caboti (Gould, 1857). An overview of the distribution patterns of ischnoceran lice on galliforms is presented, which suggests that host phylogeny, host biogeography and host biotope, as well as elevation of host range, may all be important factors that have structured louse communities on landfowl. We transfer the genus Afrilipeurus from the Oxylipeurus-complex to the Lipeurus-complex and include an emended key to the Oxylipeurus-complex.

Revision of the bark louse genus Bicuspidatus (Psocodea: Peripsocidae) with description of a new species from China.

Bicuspidatus is a small genus of the family Peripsocidae, erected by Li (1993) with B. pulchipunctatus as the type species. Adults of this genus can be easily distinguished from other peripsocids by the phallosome with bicuspid apical process in males or by the subgenital plate with modestly elongated, distally bilobed posterior lobe in females. Bicuspidatus currently comprises three species: B. guangdongensis Li, 1993, B. pulchipunctatus Li, 1993 and B. sigillatus Li, 1993, all are known only from Guangdong Province, China. According to previous studies, these three species can be distinguished by the markings on the forewings and a few characteristics of phallosome (Li 1993, 2002). In this study, we present a taxonomic revision of Bicuspidatus based on examination of 40 specimens collected from various localities, including the type specimens of B. guangdongensis, B. pulchipunctatus and B. sigillatus. Furthermore, 12 of them were used for molecular analyses based on partial sequences of COI gene. As a result, B. guangdongensis and B. sigillatus are here considered as junior synonyms of B. pulchipunctatus. We redescribe B. pulchipunctatus and describe a new species from Xizang Autonomous Region, China. An updated distribution map and a revised key to the species of Bicuspidatus are also provided.

Eupholidoptera kekrops sp. nov. (Orthoptera, Tettigoniidae), new bush-cricket from Greece

Eupholidoptera kekropssp. nov. belonging to the E. prasina group, is described from mainland Greece. The new species is the first known member of this group from mainland Greece and mainland Europe. Differentiating morphological characteristics, mainly of the subgenital plate and titilator, are presented.

A new species of Jeremia Redtenbacher (Phasmatodea: Phasmatidae: Cladomorphinae), a stick insect from the northern Brazilian Amazon Basin.

A new species of Jeremia Redtenbacher (Phasmatodea: Phasmatidae: Cladomorphinae) is described based on both male and female specimens from the northern Brazilian Amazon Basin and named Jeremia megaplax sp. nov. The new species can be differentiated from other species of this genus by the length of the female subgenital plate, which is two times longer than the length of tergites 810. Photos and description from subadult male and not fully developed eggs are also provided. The studied material is deposited at the Invertebrate Collection of the Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amaznia (INPA).

The genus Zhengitettix Liang, 1994 (Orthoptera: Tetrigidae: Scelimeninae) from Thailand, with description of a new species.

Four species of the genus Zhengitettix Liang, 1994 from Thailand are listed. A new distribution of Z. albitarsus Storozhenko, 2013 is reported from Ratchaburi Province in the Tenasserim Range with a coloration description of live specimens. Z. binduseni sp. nov. is described from Ratchaburi Province, Thailand. This new species is easily distinguished from other member in this genus by the larger body size, the fastigium of vertex between eyes distinctly narrower toward end, the slender and long spines of lower part of lateral lobe of pronotum which slightly upward in male, and almost straight in female, and the shaped of female subgenital plate with shallow transversal creases. The updated key to all species occurring in Thailand is provided here.

A new genus of Phlugidini (Insecta, Orthoptera, Tettigoniidae, Meconematinae) from the Atlantic Forest.

In the Neotropical Region, Phlugidini is the most diverse tribe of Meconematinae, with 62 valid species in 10 genera, six of them recorded from Brazil. Brachyphlugis gen. nov. is described herein based on two new species, Brachyphlugis longicercalis sp. nov. (type species) and Brachyphlugis curvata sp. nov., collected in Parque Nacional do Itatiaia and Reserva Biológica do Tinguá, both in the Atlantic Forest of Rio de Janeiro State. The new genus is most similar to Neophlugis, but it can be distinguished from the latter and other neotropical Phlugidini by the following combination of characteristics: (1) mandibles symmetrical; (2) tegmen extending beyond metanotum; (3) pronotal disk posterior margin convex; (4) tenth tergite strongly projected and downcurved; (5) male cercus pronounced with a larger base and acuminate apex; (6) paraproct modified with developed spine; (7) male subgenital plate with two distolateral projections connected to a pair of styles; and (8) female subgenital plate wider than long, posterior margin with two projections. An up-to-date key to neotropical Phlugidini genera is also provided.

Two new species of the genus Kingdonella Uvarov, 1933 (Orthoptera, Acridoidea) and the first reported male of Kingdonellaqinghaiensis Zheng, 1990.

Two new species of the genus Kingdonella and the first report of a male K.qinghaiensis Zheng, 1990 are presented. The new species K.gandensis sp. nov. has similar morphological features to K.wardi Uvarov, 1933, but it differs from the latter in having 1) the hind tibia black; 2) the epiproct, in males, with a median groove in the basal 1/2 and in the apical 1/4; 3) the denticles of the male epiproct black; 4) the outside of the hind femur reddish-brown on the basal 1/4 and black on the apical 3/4; and 5) the ventral face of the hind femur black on the outer side. The second new species, K.biruensis sp. nov., is morphologically close to K.pienbaensis Zheng, 1980 but differs from the latter in having 1) the length of the middle segment (12th segment) of antennae 1.2 times longer than its width; 2) the subgenital plate sharp-cornered in males; 3) the ovipositor smooth; 4) the upper half of hind femur outside surface with two black spots; and 5) the ventral face of the hind femur black on its outer side, red on the basal 2/3, and black on the apical 1/3 of its inner side. Finally, we provide a key to all known species of Kingdonella.

Revision of the genus Ultragryllacris (Orthoptera: Stenopelmatidae: Gryllacridinae), with description of new species.

The genus Ultragryllacris was revised. All its species and subspecies, including U. jiaranaisakuli sp. nov., U. chandra sp. nov. from Western Thailand and U. intermediata sp. nov. from Northern Thailand are here described and redescribed. They are known from Thailand and China. The new species differs from all the other representatives of this genus mainly in different body coloration, shape of projection of male 9th abdominal tergite and sclerotized area of female subgenital plate. The following taxonomical changes are also proposed: U. pulchra alboclypeata Gorochov et Dawwrueng, 2015, U. p. nan Ingrisch, 2018 and U. p. rubricapitis Bin et Bian, 2021 are raised to species status (U. alboclypeata stat. nov., U. nan stat. nov. and U. rubricapitis stat. nov.) due to some characteristic structures in both male and female; U. triangula Ingrisch, 2018 is downgraded to subspecies of U. alboclypeata (U. a. triangula stat. nov.). Previously unknown male of U. a. alboclypeata and female of U. nan are described. A key to all known species is given.

A new species of Maculambrysus Reynoso & Sites, 2021 (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Naucoridae) from an aguaje palm swamp in southeastern Peru.

The neotropical saucer bug genus Maculambrysus Reynoso & Sites is currently represented by five species from Tabasco, Mxico to Par, Brazil. Presented here is the description of a sixth species, Maculambrysus gallicei n.sp., which was collected from rootmats and leafpacks in an aguaje palm swamp in southeastern Peru. It can be distinguished from most congeners by the concolorous dark-brown hemelytra and the mottled orange-brown pronotum, as well as characteristics of the male accessory genitalic process of tergum VI, and female subgenital plate and laterosternites VI. Other aquatic Heteroptera co-occurring with this new species are given.

Contribution to the knowledge of Chinese Gryllacrididae (Orthoptera) XXI: New reports from Fujian Province.

In this study, we describe and illustrate two new species and the female of Metriogryllacris (Metriogryllacris) obscurata Zhang, Pang & Bian, 2022 based on the specimens from Fujian Province. The new erected Homogryllacris foveolis sp. nov. (Chinese name: ) is very similar to Homogryllacris rufovaria Liu, 2007 in appearance, but the two can distinguished by the spines of male tenth abdominal tergite and shapes of male subgenital plate. All the specimens are deposited in Guangxi Normal University.