Subapical Spines Research Articles

A new species of Paraphoxus (Amphipoda, Phoxocephalidae) from Jeju Island, Korea

Abstract During a scientific survey, a new species of phoxocepalid amphipod, Paraphoxus jejuensis sp. nov., was found in the tidal flat of Jeju Island, Korea. Paraphoxus jejuensis sp. nov. is distinguished from its congeneric species by the following features: the presence of a conical-form of incisor on the right mandible, an expanded and subovate basis of pereopod 5, the presence of a single plumose facial seta on epimeron 2, the presence of a few baso-facial setae on the peduncle of uropod 1, the absence of marginal spines and setae on the rami of uropod 2, and the presence of two subapical spines on each lobe of the telson. This new species is described and illustrated herein.

A new Blattoidea member (Dictyoptera: Blattaria) from mid-Cretaceous amber of northern Myanmar

A new Blattoidea species, Hypercercoula jiewenae gen. et sp. nov. is described based on a male individual from mid-Cretaceous amber of northern Myanmar. This new cockroach is similar to some extant Blattidae species by the depressed pronotum surface, the large but sparse spines on femora, and the subapical spine on genital hook. Its small size, simple and symmetrical supra-anal plate and subgenital plate, especially the type B2 profemur also make it comparable with the extant family Anaplectidae. Furthermore, the slender, soft, and pod-like cerci suggest it may be related to the coetaneous species Cercoula brachyptera Li & Huang. So far, this is the third representative of Blattoidea found in Cretaceous amber.

Clarifying confusion – Prorocentrum triestinum J.Schiller and Prorocentrum redfieldii Bursa (Prorocentrales, Dinophyceae) are two different species

ABSTRACT The Prorocentrales are a unique group of dinophytes based on several apomorphic traits, but species delimitation is challenging within the group. Prorocentrum triestinum was described by Josef Schiller in 1918 as an important bloom-forming species from Trieste (Mediterranean, Adriatic Sea) with a conspicuous asymmetric outline and a small, asymmetrically located subapical spine. All subsequent records under this name fail to conform to Schiller’s original description. These inconsistencies have their origin in John Dodge’s 1975 revision of Prorocentrum, which placed Prorocentrum redfieldii, a more symmetrical, slender species with a long apical spine, into synonymy under P. triestinum. To clarify this confusion, we collected samples at the type locality of P. triestinum in Trieste and established a strain that is morphologically consistent with the protologue and suitable for use in epitypification. Morphology and rRNA sequence data of this strain were compared with four new strains identified as P. redfieldii from the Mediterranean Sea and the North Atlantic Ocean. Cells of P. triestinum had an asymmetric outline in lateral view and a small, dorso-subapical spine. These features, which are readily resolved by light microscopy, were distinct from those of the nearly symmetrical and slender cells of P. redfieldii, which had a long, apically located spine. The species are nevertheless closely related and share an identical architecture of the periflagellar area with a distinctive, largely reduced accessory pore together with a very small platelet 7. This apomorphy clearly differentiates both species from other species of Prorocentrum. Both species differ in their primary rRNA sequences, and ITS and LSU sequence differences will enable them to be distinguished in future meta-barcoding studies. The present study demonstrates that P. triestinum and P. redfieldii are distinct species and thus contributes to a reliable biodiversity assessment of Prorocentrum. HIGHLIGHTS Prorocentrum triestinum is characterised molecularly for the first time and delimited from P. redfieldii. The identity of important bloom-forming species is clarified. Structural details of the periflagellar area are described.

First record of the tarantula genus Bumba (Araneae: Theraphosidae) from Bolivia, with the description of a new species

ABSTRACT A new species of Bumba Perez-Miles, Bonaldo & Miglio, 2014 is described and illustrated. This species comprises the first record of the genus for Bolivia. Bumba paunaka sp. nov. differs from the other species in the genus in the black longitudinal band on abdomen, in the long and slender embolus of the palpal bulb and in the thin and long subapical spine of the retrolateral branch of tibial apophysis. Females additionally differ in the spermathecal morphology. Finally, a distribution map for all known species of Bumba is presented.

Aphelonotus schuhi sp. nov., the first s--pecies of the family Pachynomidae from Puerto Rico (Hemiptera: Heteroptera).

Aphelonotus schuhi sp. nov. (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Pachynomidae: Aphelonotinae) is described from Puerto Rico based on a single male collected by flight interception trap. The new species is morphologically similar to A. taino Schuh, Weirauch Grillo, 2015 and A. xenos Schuh, Weirauch Grillo, 2015, being distinguished from them by the combination of the presence of a stout subapical spine on the protibia and the characteristic shape of the parameres. An informal A. xenos species-group is proposed to accommodate these three species.

A new species of Boholina (Crustacea, Copepoda, Calanoida) and a first record for stygobiotic calanoid fauna from a cave in Thailand.

A new species of Calanoida belonging to the genus Boholina Fosshagen & Iliffe, 1989 was found in a freshwater pool within a cave of the Satun province, South Thailand. It is the first record of the genus and of a stygobiotic representative of calanoid fauna in this country. The new species is most similar to B. crassicephala Fosshagen & Iliffe, 1989, based on position of genital pores, structures of P4 and P5 in both sexes, relative length of subapical spine vestige on the male right P5, and shape of the male left P5 endopods. However, this new species is distinguished from its known congeners by: (1) relatively longer distal outer spines on the male right P5 exopods, (2) smaller endopods of the male left P5 and (3) elongated apical spines on the distal exopodal segment of the female P4 and P5. Furthermore, the distinctive characteristic of the Thai Boholina is the presence of inner minute seta on the distal segment of the male right P5 exopod. Detailed descriptions of the new species and a key to all six known species of the genus Boholina is provided.

First report on Obelidium megarhizum (Chytridiaceae) from India

In the present report, Obelidium megarhizum Willoughby was isolated, described and illustrated based on morphological traits. The species is mainly recognized by the presence of conspicuous sub-apical spine or barb bearing thin-walled sporangium and relatively coarse rhizoidal system. Short description, comments, color photo, and illustration, accompanied by its comparison with other allied taxa of the genus are provided in this paper for this relatively rare species. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first generic record of O. megarhizum outside UK, USA, and Poland.

A new species of Styloperla (Plecoptera: Styloperlidae) from China, with supplementary illustrations for Styloperla jiangxiensis.

A new species, Styloperla starki Zhao, Huo et Du, sp. nov. is described from Jiangsu and Zhejiang Provinces of eastern coastal China. The new species has a process on the basal cercal segment that bears a pair of small spines, and a process with a pair of ventral, subapical spines. The aedeagus of the male of the new species is membranous, tongue shaped and flat, bearing regular spiral striae with a pair of inner sclerites and with several rows of minute spines on each apical flap. Additionally, we redescribe and illustrate Styloperla jiangxiensis Yang Yang, 1990.

New species of Victoriopisa Karaman Barnard, 1979 (Crustacea: Amphipoda: Eriopisidae) from Vembanad backwaters, Southwest coast of India.

The new species is the third of genus Victoriopisa from Indian waters.The species is described from the Valanthakad mangrove area of Vembanad backwater. Victoriopisa cusatensis sp. nov differs from other species of Victoriopisa by presenting: (1) a characteristic projection at dorsolateral margin of peduncle article 2 of antenna 1in male while smooth in female; (2) broad, triangular lateral cephalic lobe; (3) posteroventral tooth in epimeral plates; (4) presence of lateral and subapical spines in telson (5) smooth palm of gnathopod 2 without any excavations.

Reinstatement of Species Rank forCystoseira bosphoricaSauvageau (Sargassaceae, Phaeophyceae)

On the basis of literature data and new morphological and ecological studies, the reinstatement of species rank for the Black Sea endemic species Cystoseira bosphorica is proposed. Previously reduced to a simple form of the Mediterranean endemic species C. crinita, this member of the caespitose Cystoseira group without spinose-like appendages clearly differs from C. crinita by having the axes long with smooth and prominent apices, the branches with numerous and slightly prominent cryptostomates, the aerocysts frequent, large, oval to subconical-broader at the apex, with 2 or more apical outgrowths, and by the receptacles long, cylindrical-tuberculate, simple or bifid, with apices blunt bearing sometimes a short lateral sub-apical spine. The species that shares the greatest number of characters with C. bosphorica is not C. crinita but the Mediterranean endemic species C. barbatula; however, this latter species clearly differs from C. bosphorica by the constant absence of aerocysts, the filiform branches with prominent and spaced cryptostomates, and by the receptacles smaller, compact, simple, humpy and subulate with sometimes 1–2 long lateral spine-like appendages.

Revision and phylogeny of Chelagyrtodes Szymczakowski (Coleoptera: Leiodidae: Camiarinae: Agyrtodini)

The formerly monotypic New Zealand leiodid genus Chelagyrtodes Szymczakowski (type species Chelagyrtodes crowsoni Szymczakowski) is revised to include five new species from the South Island: C. newtoni n. sp., C. rotundus n. sp., C. haasti n. sp., C. glacicola n. sp., and C. davidi n. sp. Four of these new species lack the unusual tibial dimorphism previously used to diagnose this genus, but can be recognized by the presence of a subapical spine cluster on the interior face of the mandible, procoxal cavities with an anterior carina or bead, and a series of minute, setiferous punctures along the lateral margins of the hypomeron. A key and phylogenetic analysis based on adult morphology is provided for the six species of Chelagyrtodes. Natural history and distribution of Chelagyrtodes are discussed in the context of phylogenetic data.

A new species of Asthenopus (Ephemeroptera: Polymitarcyidae: Asthenopodinae) from Brazil and Colombia

A new species of Asthenopus, A. crenulatus sp. nov. is described from adults of both sexes from Brazil and Colombia. The new species is diagnosed by: male foreleg length 0.7–0.9 times the length of fore wing, marginal intercalary veins on the entire margin of fore and hind wings generally shorter than distance between longitudinal veins, forceps and penes long and slender, penes with many subapical spines. This new species is closely related with A. picteti (Hubbard). A key to the male adults of Asthenopus is included.

A new Notacanthurus Tshernova, 1974 and a new Rhithrogena Eaton, 1881 (subgenus Tumungula Zhou & Peters, 2004) from Thailand (Heptageniidae, Ephemeroptera)

Notacanthurus baei sp. n. (larva) and Rhithrogena (Tumungula) siamensis sp. n. (male, female and assumed larva) are described from northern Thailand. Diagnoses and line drawings of key characters are provided. Larvae of Southeast Asian Notacanthurus n.sp. resemble those of Palearctic Notacanthurus spp. in having a median ridge of spines directed posteriorly on terga, a similar patterning of terga with oblique stripes sloping inward, femoral cross bands and caudal filaments with whorls of small spines. Contrastingly, larvae of the new species bear claws with denticles, while the mature male larva exhibits prospective penis with distally paired portions of rounded lobes like those in most Electrogena Zurwerra and Tomka, 1984. Imagines of R. (T.) siamensis represent a second species of subgen. Tumungula Zhou and Peters, 2004. Males have balloon-shaped hypertrophied foreclaws, with first tarsal segment about 1.4x the length of the second, and divergent penis lobes without titillators. In contrast to R. (T.) unica the male styliger plate shows two sharp, inside directed projections, submedian lobes of the penis have circular gonopores lacking subapical spines.

Meganeltumius juani, New Genus, New Species (Coleoptera: Bruchidae)

Meganeltumius Romero and Johnson and M. juani Romero and Johnson are described. This new genus and species are quite distinct due to the combination of the large gibbosities on the prothorax, the gibbosities on the elytra, the elongate genitalia, and especially the unique pattern of serrations on the metafemur. The hind femur is armed on its inner edge with about eight small serrations beginning about 0.5 from the base and ending at the apex in a subapical spine. This pattern of serrations and spines on the metafemur is unique to this genus of bruchids. All of these characters separate this species from any other and the pattern of serrations and spine on the metafemur separate this genus from any genus known to us. It resembles a large species of Neltumius Bridwell, consequently the name.

A New Species of Fresh-Water Gammaroidean Amphipod (Crangonyctidae) from Southeastern New England

A new species, Crangonyx aberrans, belonging to the amphipod family Crangonyctidae, is described from lowland aquatic habitats in eastern Massachusetts. The new species shares characters with both pseudogracilis, with which it is sympatric, and shoemakeri, which occurs along the middle Atlantic Coastal Plain and Piedmont. However, aberrans differs from these two species by possessing a unique arrangement of spines on the dactyl of the gnathopods of females and by the presence of subapical marginal spines on the telson of individuals of both sexes. The relationships between aberrans and other members of the genus are unclear. Although similar to species of the gracilis and shoemakeri groups, aberrans, by having subapical spines on the telson, stands apart from all known species of Crangonyx. Not since Bousfield's (1963) descriptions of Crangonyx floridanus and grandimunus have any new North American species of Crangonyx been introduced into the literature; yet Holsinger (1972, 1977) has remarked that possibly several undescribed species of Crangonyx, particularly forms allied to gracilis Smith, 1871 and pseudogracilis Bousfield, 1958, remain to be described. Two species of Crangonyx are presently known to occur in New England. Crangonyx pseudogracilis is widespread throughout northeastern North America (Bousfield, 1958, 1973; Holsinger, 1972). In southern New England, the species is a common inhabitant of larger rivers and, nearer the coast, of smaller streams (Mills, 1964; Smith, 1977a, 1981, 1982a). Crangonyx richmondensis Ellis, 1940 (sensu lato) also possesses a wide range in northeastern North America that extends into and throughout New England, and northward, in both interior and coastal regions and islands (Bousfield, 1973; Holsinger, 1972; Smith, 1977a, unpublished records). Recently, Smith (1981) reported a population of what appeared to represent an undescribed form of pseudogracilis. Subsequently, more critical examination of larger series of specimens, especially adult females, has revealed that Smith's (1981) C. pseudogracilis pop. b represents an undescribed species. This paper provides a description of the new species, discusses its relationships with other species of Crangonyx, and suggests reasons for its unique distribution. I I thank Drs. Edward L. Bousfield and John R. Holsinger for reading a draft of the manuscript and providing many thoughtful and helpful suggestions. TRANS. AM. MICROSC. Soc., 102(4): 355-365. 1983. ? Copyright, 1983, by the American Microscopical Society, Inc. This content downloaded from 157.55.39.78 on Wed, 22 Jun 2016 06:01:49 UTC All use subject to http://about.jstor.org/terms TRANS. AM. MICROSC. SOC.