Prevalence Of Stunting Research Articles

Effectiveness of The Culture-Based Anti-Stunting Education Package on Family Behavioral Changes in Stunting Prevention

Stunting remains a pressing global health concern, as evidenced by the prevalence of stunting in Indonesia. The Pasuruan Regency Government continues its efforts to reduce the stunting rate. Coastal areas are characterized by a relatively high incidence of stunting, which stands at 22.8%. The urgency of this research lies in the need for a change in family behavior toward stunting prevention through education optimalization in coastal areas. Stunting prevention education within the family can be summarized into the "Anti-Stunting Education Package", consisting of education on nutritious maternal food intake starting from 1000 days before childbirth, exclusive breastfeeding, adolescent health, and access to clean water. This research aims to demonstrate the effectiveness of anti-stunting education package in changing family behavior to prevent stunting in coastal areas. This was pre-experimental study with a pretest-posttest design approach. The research is conducted in coastal areas with a sample size of 30 stunting families selected through purposive sampling. The results of the research indicate that the Anti-Stunting Education Package is highly effective in improving knowledge, attitudes, and behavioral changes among mothers in supporting stunting prevention in coastal areas. This study falls under TKT 3, which demonstrates the analytical concept and experimental functions, providing stunting education through booklets with a focus on local culture to prevent stunting in coastal areas. The outcomes of this research serve as an innovation and technological development for maritime community well-being.

Undernutrition and associated factors among adolescent girls in Diga District, East Wollega Zone, Ethiopia

Background Undernutrition is a significant challenge for adolescent girls globally due to biological, social, and cultural factors. The consequences of undernutrition for adolescent girls are extensive, impacting their cognitive abilities, reproductive health, susceptibility to chronic diseases in later life, and the economies of nations. However, there needs to be a more comprehensive understanding of the nutritional status of adolescent girls in the Diga district, Ethiopia. Objective This study aimed to assess the prevalence of undernutrition and its associated factors among adolescent girls in the Diga District, East Wollega Zone, Ethiopia. Methods The study employed a community-based cross-sectional study design in Diga District, Ethiopia. Data was gathered from 651 study participants using a systematic random sampling technique, from July 10th to August 10th, 2023. Data analysis involved using Epi-Data 4.6 and SPSS version 26 for data entry and statistical analysis, respectively. The Body Mass Index (BMI) and Height-for-age (HFA) Z-score are generated using WHO AnthroPlus version 1.0.4 software. Descriptive statistics and binary logistic regressions were used for data summarization and analysis, with significance testing at a p-value <0.05. Results In this study, 16.3% (95% CI: 13.5–19.3) of adolescent girls were stunted, while 18.5% (95% CI: 15.4–21.5) were thin. Lack of access to health and nutrition information (AOR = 3.36, 95% CI: 1.38–8.23), limited crop variety within household’s crops (AOR = 1.66, 95% CI: 1.03–2.65), and household food insecurity (AOR = 2.76, 95% CI: 1.49–5.11) were factors associated with stunting. Poor dietary diversity scores (AOR = 7.52, 95% 95% CI: 2.92–19.39) and household food insecurity (AOR = 3.69, 95% CI: 1.96–6.93) were significantly associated with thinness. Conclusion Conclusively, there was a low prevalence of stunting and thinness among adolescent girls in the Diga district, Ethiopia. Interventions aimed at enhancing household-level crop diversity, improving food security, providing adequate health and nutrition information, and promoting income-generating activities for adolescent girls can play a crucial role in improving their access to nutritious foods and healthcare, ultimately leading to better nutritional outcomes.

Examining the burden and relationship between stunting and wasting among Timor-Leste under five rural children.

Globally and in Timor-Leste, wasting and stunting remain major public health problems among 'under five years children, but the interrelationship between the two has been poorly investigated. A better understanding of this interrelationship is a prerequisite to improving wasting and stunting programming. In our study, we assessed the influence of age on the prevalence of wasting and stunting, the overlap between the two conditions, and the effect of wasting parameters on linear growth catch-up using the data of 401 children recruited at 0 to 54 months of age [median (IQR) of 17 (7-32) months] with repeated anthropometric assessments [median (IQR) follow-up time was 25 (16-39) months]. At recruitment, prevalences of stunting, wasting and concurrence of the two conditions were 54.6%, 9.5% and 4.6%, respectively. These prevalences were already high and above the thresholds for public health importance among children below months of age and remained high throughouttheir childhood. Over the follow-up period, the change (95%CI) in Height-for-Age Z-score (HAZ) was -0.01 (-0.13; 0.11) (p = 0.850), and that of the Height-for-Age Difference (HAD) was -3.74 (-4.28; -3.21) cm (p<0.001). Stunting reversal was observed in 25.6% of those stunted at recruitment, while a positive change in HAD was observed in only 19.6% of assessed children. Path analysis by structural equation modelling showed no significant direct effect of WHZ at recruitment on the likelihood of positive change in HAD, with its influence being fully mediated by its change over the follow-up period. This change had an inverse relationship with the occurrence of a positive change in HAD. On the contrary, Mid-Upper Arm Circumference at recruitment had a significant positive direct effect on the likelihood of a positive HAD change. These results show that interventions to combat wasting and stunting need to be integrated.

The Relationship Between Maternal Education Level and Stunting: Literature Review

Children who are shorter than their peers due to malnutrition before and after birth are called stunting. Stunting occurs when a married adolescent woman has a low socioeconomic status and education level, thus increasing psychological stress caused by limited human resources and childcare so that child growth and development are not optimal. One important factor that influences the prevalence of stunting in early childhood and toddlers is maternal education. Increasing public awareness of the importance of maternal education in preventing stunting and improving the quality of child health. This review study aims to present evidence on the correlation between stunting and maternal education and to determine the extent to which maternal education affects the nutritional status and growth of children, especially stunting. With these objectives, this study is expected to make a significant contribution to understanding and addressing stunting problems in the community. The literature review method and the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) meta-analysis process were used throughout the investigation. There is a correlation between stunting and maternal education based on many research findings. In conclusion, education level, low maternal age, poor toddler care and nutritional intake during pregnancy are associated with stunting

MODEL PERCEIVED SOCIAL SUPPORT PEREMPUAN KADER SURABAYA HEBAT DALAM PENURUNAN PREVALENSI STUNTING

Stunting is a health problem in children due to chronic malnutrition that has a negative impact. Reducing the prevalence of stunting is a commitment of Kader Surabaya Hebat (KSH) women by prioritizing perceived social support. The role of KSH women as the leading sector in reducing the prevalence of stunting is evident in this study. This study aims to explore the model and process of perceived social support in the role of KSH women in the community. KSH women are also the main focus of the research and how the model becomes a modality of character building in Surabaya City. This research uses descriptive qualitative methods through observation and interviews. The results showed that the perceived social support model applied by KSH women is emotional support, instrumental support, information support, appreciation support, and social network support. The process of perceived social support starts from face-to-face dialogue, building trust, commitment to the process, sharing understanding, and temporary results that are carried out have gone well and are effective in reducing the prevalence of stunting in Surabaya City. Key words: KSH Women, Stunting, Perceived Social Support

Development of Robot Feature for Stunting Analysis Using Long-Short Term Memory (LSTM) Algorithm

Stunting prevalence in Indonesia persists as a significant challenge necessitating concerted efforts from all stakeholders. We developed robot for stunting analysis using deep learning algorithm. It aligns with the Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) agenda, specifically targeting SDG 3, which focuses on ensuring good health and well-being for all. Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) is a type of Recurrent Neural Network (RNN) designed to overcome the vanishing gradient problem in traditional RNNs. In general, either LSTM can be used in analysis. This study aims to classify stunting based on age and height using LSTM. The LSTM model was trained with 50 epochs using datasets collected from the health office and robots. The evaluation results show training accuracy of 96.65% and training validation of 96.61%, with precision, recall and f1-score varying with relevance to the f1-score and support value. This research illustrates the potential for using data classification methods in stunting diagnosis. However, it is necessary to adjust parameters and increase the amount of training data to improve model performance. With good convergence at epoch 50, these results show the model's ability to classify stunting based on age and height. However, further validation and testing on larger datasets is needed to thoroughly test the reliability and generalization of the model. This research can contribute to the development of deep learning regarding robots as a means of testing stunting. This research provides initial evidence of the potential of stunting classification methods using robots. However, parameter adjustments and increasing the amount of training data need to be done to improve the overall model performance.

THE ACCOMPANIMENT OF SUPPLEMENTARY FOOD FOR MONITORING THE STUNTING RISK CHILDREN IN RENGAS I VILLAGE OGAN ILIR

Introduction: The Ogan Ilir Regency district has the second-highest prevalence of stunting in South Sumatra, with a prevalence rate of 24.9%. Providing additional meals (PMT) is an essential component, especially to improve the conditions of low-income communities affected by malnutrition, with a specific focus on young children. The purpose of the activity is to provide a continuous supply of food, thus preventing body weight loss and promoting optimal nutritional well-being. Methods: The event took place at a village in Payaraman District situated in Ogan Ilir Regency. The participant were the two children, namely Anak R (3.5 years old) and Anak S (1.7 years). The service methods included the process of meal preparation for PMT and the delivery of meals to the homes of children. The method used for the PMT involved the daily allocation of food, the nutrient composition of various foods, including pumpkin, potatoes, carrots, maize and similar substitutes. At the end of the month, the final anthropometric measurements were collected. The anthropometric measurements encompassed body weight, and height. The weight of the youngster was measured using a digital scale manufactured for further analysis. Results: There was a noticeable improvement in weight and height of Anak R and Anak S. Anak R demonstrated a weight gain after the programme from exactly 9.30 kg to 9.80 kg, while Anak S showed an increased weight from 7.80 kg to 8.50 kg. Anak R's height improved from 81.0 cm to 85.0 cm and Anak S's from 71.0 cm to 72.0 cm. Despite the observed growth in the weight and height of both children, the acquired findings did not meet the desired levels for each child's weight and height. Conclusion: Community service activities include food supplementary accompaniment and stunting surveillance has assisted for children with high risk of stunting conditions to gain weight and height after food additions. The accompaniment community service activity can be used as an effort to reduce cases of malnutrition.

The Analysis of Stunting Implementation Policy in Tegal Regency

Tegal is a regency with the highest stunting prevalence in toddlers in Central Java with a percentage of 22.3% in 2022. Currently, the regency has become the prioritized locus of stunting intervention in Indonesia. Tegal regency government issued the Regent Rule of Tegal Number 4 in the Year 2023 about the Communication Strategy of Behavioral Changes in Lowering Stunting Prevalence in 2023 - 2026 as the prevention and effort of decreasing the stunting rate. This research revealed the implementation of stunting prevention policy in Tegal by applying the exploratory implementation model of George Edward III, Marilee S. Grindle, and Mazmanian &amp; Sabatier based on the triangular perspective of policy analysis. This descriptive qualitative research describes a variable orally from the respondents and the doers by observing them. The researchers collected the data by interviewing, documenting, and promoting the literature study. The researchers also interviewed the Health Agency of Tegal and Public Health Care of Kedungbanteng district. The results showed that the applied policy met the regulation in terms of local government and local apparatus organization, OPD, with collaboration and effort to realize inter-sectoral cooperation from regency to village levels. The concrete step in preventing stunting includes the provision of nutritionist teams at Kedungbanteg Public Health Care and the establishment of a police center to prevent stunting prevalence. The results were - gaining the top 99 awards of Public Service Innovation in 2023 by the Ministry of State Apparatus Utilization and Bureaucratic Reform. However, the researchers found hindrances in distributing stunting prevention at most pubic health care units in Tegal. They had not applied the concrete steps and had to improve the human resources by joining training for the cadres so they could use the measuring tool of stunting for toddlers.

Temporal Trends in the Prevalence of Child Undernutrition in China From 2000 to 2019, With Projections of Prevalence in 2030: Cross-Sectional Analysis.

Although the problem of malnutrition among children in China has greatly improved in recent years, there is a gap compared to developed countries, and there are differences between provinces. Research on long-term comprehensive trends in child growth failure (CGF) in China is needed for further improvement. The purpose of this study was to examine trends in stunting, wasting, and underweight among children younger than 5 years in China from 2000 to 2019, and predict CGF till 2030. We conducted a cross-sectional analysis using data from the local burden of disease (LBD) database. Using Joinpoint Regression Software, we examined trends in CGF among children younger than 5 years in China from 2000 to 2019, and predicted the trends of prevalence in 2030, using the Holt-Winters model with trends but without seasonal components. The assessment was performed with Stata 17 (StataCorp). Data were analyzed from October 17, 2023, to November 22, 2023. In 2019, the prevalences of stunting, wasting, and underweight decreased to 12%, 3%, and 4%, respectively (decreases of 36.9%, 25.0%, and 42.9%, respectively, compared with the values in 2000). The prevalence of CGF decreased rapidly from 2000 to 2010, and the downward trend slowed down after 2010. Most provinces had stagnated processes of trends after 2017. The age group with the highest stunting prevalence was children aged 1 to 4 years, and the highest prevalence of wasting and underweight was noted in early neonatal infants. From 2000 to 2019, the prevalence of CGF declined in all age groups of children. The largest relative decrease in stunting and underweight was noted in children aged 1 to 4 years, and the largest decrease in wasting was noted in early neonatal infants. The prevalences of stunting, wasting, and underweight in China are estimated to decrease to 11.4%, 3.2%, and 4.1%, respectively, by 2030. China has nationally met the World Health Organization's Global Nutrition Targets for 2030 for stunting but not for wasting. This study provides data on the prevalence and trends of CGF among children younger than 5 years and reports declines in CGF. There remain areas with slow progress in China. Most units have achieved the goal for stunting prevalence but not wasting prevalence.

Literature Study: The Role of Health Cadres in Stunting Prevention to Support the Realisation of Sustainable Development Goals (SDG's)

Introduction: Stunting is one of the chronic nutritional problems of global concern, including in the Sustainable Development Goals (SDG's) agenda. In Indonesia, stunting is still a major health problem and contributor to child morbidity and mortality. To overcome this problem, prevention efforts are needed that involve various parties, including health cadres at the community level. This study aims to analyze the role of health cadres in stunting prevention to support the realization of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDG's). Methods: This study used a literature study by collecting and reviewing previous research, especially looking for information about the involvement of the role of health cadres in stunting prevention. Results: Health cadres have a role and function as the main driver at the community level to provide education, monitor children's nutritional status, and conduct nutrition intervention activities. Through increased capacity and knowledge, health cadres can help reduce the prevalence of stunting and support the achievement of the SDGs, namely ending hunger and ensuring healthy lives and well-being for all. Conclusion: Support and commitment from all parties are needed to strengthen the role of health cadres in supporting the realization of the SDGs. With the right support and good collaboration, this program can have a significant impact in improving the health and welfare of the community.

The influence of minimum dietary diversity on undernutrition among children aged 6-23 months in Ethiopia: a multilevel mixed-effect analysis based on 2019 Ethiopian mini demographic and health survey.

Undernutrition persists as a critical issue in developing countries like Ethiopia due to poor feeding practices for infants and young children. The impact of dietary diversity on children's health in Ethiopia remains unclear, necessitating further investigation to develop effective prevention strategies. To examine the association between minimum dietary diversity and undernutrition among children aged 6-23 months in Ethiopia. Data from the 2019 Ethiopian Mini Demographic and Health Survey, including 1,501 women with children aged 6-23 months, were analyzed using STATA version 17 software. Child stunting, wasting, and underweight were assessed using Z-scores. Dietary diversity was measured using minimum dietary diversity. Multilevel logistic regression analysis determined associations, presenting results as crude odds ratios (COR) and adjusted odds ratios (AOR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI). Overall, 10.99% of children had adequate minimum dietary diversity, with Addis Ababa (44.57%) and Somalia (1.47%) showing the highest and lowest prevalences, respectively. The highest stunting prevalence was in the Amhara region (45.86%), while Addis Ababa had the lowest (9.78%). Wasting was lowest in Addis Ababa (1.09%) and highest in Tigray (17.07%). Underweight prevalence ranged from 2.17% in Addis Ababa to 33.33% in Tigray. Children with adequate minimum dietary diversity (MDD) had significantly lower odds of stunting (AOR = 0.68, 95% CI = 0.45, 0.96), underweight (AOR = 0.51, 95% CI = 0.27, 0.99), and wasting (AOR = 0.40, 95% CI = 0.17, 0.97) compared to those who had inadequate minimum dietary diversity (MDD). This study highlights the association between minimum dietary diversity and stunting, wasting, and underweight among Ethiopian children aged 6-23 months. Urgent nutrition-specific interventions are needed, particularly in regions with high undernutrition rates and low dietary diversity. Targeted interventions focusing on promoting diverse and nutritious diets for children, along with improving access to essential healthcare services, are imperative to mitigate the burden of undernutrition and ensure the well-being of Ethiopia's youngest population and reinforcing existing programs is crucial to address this public health issue effectively.

Prevalence and determinants of stunting and anaemia in children aged 6-23 months: A multilevel analysis from rural Ethiopia.

Low- and middle-income countries shoulder the greatest burden of stunting and anaemia in children. This calls for prompt and effective intervention measures, while the contributing factors are not fully understood. This study evaluates determinants spanning from individual-, household- and community levels including agroecology and antinutrients as unique sets of predictors. Primary data were collected from 660 rural households representing the midland (ML), highland, and upper highland (UHL) agroecological zones from northern Ethiopia. The study relates several predictors to stunting and anaemia in children aged 6-23 months. We found 49.1% and 49.7% of children were stunted and anaemic, respectively. Children living in the ML are approximately twice more likely to be stunted adjusted odds ratio (AOR: 1.869; 95% CI: 1.147-3.043) than in the UHL. The risk of stunting increases by 16.3% and 41.9% for every unit increase in phytate-to-zinc and phytate-to-iron molar ratios, respectively. A 10% increase in mean aggregated crop yield was observed to reduce the likelihood of stunting occurrence by 13.6%. Households lacking non-farm income-generating opportunities, travel longer time to access the marketplace and poor health service utilisation were associated with increased risk of stunting. Low diversity of child's diet, age of the child (18-23 months) and mothers at a younger age are significantly associated with stunting. Risk of anaemia in children is high amongst households with unimproved water, sanitation, and hygiene practices, younger age (6-11 months) and mostly occurs amongst boys. Children in the ML had a 55% reduced risk of being anaemic (AOR: 0.446; 95% CI: 0.273-0.728) as compared to the UHL. Therefore, the influence of these factors should be considered to tailor strategies for reducing undernutrition in children of 6-23 months in rural Ethiopia. Interventions should go beyond the administrative boundaries into targeting agroecological variation.

GROWTH MONITORING TRAINING AND CHILD DEVELOPMENT FOR PRESCHOOL TEACHERS IN THE FRAMEWORK OF STUNTING OVERCOMING

The prevalence of stunting in Indonesia fell from 24.4% in 2021 to 21.6% in 2022. The stunting figure is still quite high compared to the government's target of 14% in 2024. Stunting is one of the government's priority programs, considering the impact of stunting on the quality of human resources is very large. PAUD/Kindergarten teachers academically have the potential intellectual abilities to provide input on the importance of children's growth, in addition to children's abilities or intelligence. The service activities aim to increase the capacity of PAUD/TK teachers in monitoring children's growth and development according to standards The activity method is training in monitoring the growth and development of early childhood. Activities in collaboration with partners, namely HIMPAUDI, Sunyaragi District and Sunyaragi Community Health Center, Cirebon City. Collaboration by sharing resources between study programs and partners. The measuring parameters use the pre-post knowledge and ability values ​​of participants in carrying out practical assignments to monitor growth and development in child cases. This activity is expected to increase the capacity of PAUD teachers in monitoring the growth and development of their students according to standards. This activity was carried out at the HIMPAUDI Secretariat, Cirebon City, attended by 25 PAUD teachers representing 5 (five) sub-districts in Cirebon City. As a result of this training activity, PAUD teachers understand better about anthropometric measurements, growth and development of early childhood based on the results of the pre and post test scores carried out. The teachers were very enthusiastic about participating in the training until it was finished. The outputs that have been created are training modules, activity videos, publication drafts in newspaper media and publication journals in the Community Service Journal in the process of being prepared.

Posyandu's Contribution to Reducing Stunting Prevalence in the Community

The general background stunting is a health problem that can reduce the quality of human resources, and the role of posyandu is very important in its management. Specific background this research focuses on Wunut Village in Porong District, where the prevalence of stunting is a major concern. Knowledge Gap: Although many studies on stunting exist, the specific role of posyandu in the local context has been less explored. Aims this study to analyze the role of posyandu in reducing the prevalence of stunting in Wunut Village. Results this study posyandu as a motivator, facilitator, and mobilizer in increasing community awareness and access to health services related to stunting. Posyandu has successfully invited the community to actively participate in health activities and provided services such as growth monitoring and distribution of nutritional supplements. Novelty this research highlights the tangible contributions of posyandu in the local context, providing new insights into community-based approaches to addressing stunting. Implications these findings indicate the importance of strengthening posyandu as a health institution in stunting reduction efforts and the need for continuous support from the government and community to enhance the effectiveness of health programs. Highlights: Posyandu serves as a motivator, encouraging community participation in health activities. Facilitates access to basic health services and nutritional support for mothers and children. Highlights the importance of community-based approaches in addressing stunting issues. Keywords: Posyandu, Stunting, Community Health, Nutritional Support, Health Services

Assessment Of Nutritional Status Of Under Five Children In Sokoto North Local Government Area, Sokoto State

Background: Malnutrion is an imbalance between the intake of calorie and the body’s requirement. When the body’s requirement supersedes the intake, it is under nutrition and when the intake is more than the body’s requirement, it leads to overweight or obesity. Both instances are forms of malnutrition. The study aim to determine prevalence of under nutrition among the study subject , age variation in relation to under nutrition and compare results of malnutrition obtained from Mid-Upper-Arm circumference and other methods of determining Nutritional status (weight-for-Age and height-for-Age Materials and Methods: a descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among 112 under five children in Sokoto North LGA. Multi stage sampling technique was used for selection where 3 districts were randomly selected from the 11 districts in Sokoto North LGA, and 4 areas where the study was carried out were randomly selected from the 3 districts. Results: The prevalence of stunting was 53.6% among which 22.3% were mildly stunted , 15.3% were moderately stunted, and 16.1% were severely stunted. The prevalence of wasting was 53.6% of which 14.28% had Grade 1 wasting, 9.8% of the subjects were moderately wasted (grade 2), 12.5% were severely wasted(grade3) and 17% had very severe wasting. Majority of the children (80.4%) had suffered from one form of illness or the other. Mean of under 5 years Feeding practices showed that 98.2% were breastfed, 12.9% of those who breastfed were stopped abruptly, majority of the study subject were introduced to complementary feeding at 6 months of age (50.9%) and majority (79.4%) have received one form of immunization or the other. Determinants of malnutrition were maternal level of education, time of introduction of complementary feeding as well as the type, frequency and quality of food introduced, childhood illness, immunization status, parents’ occupation among others. Conclusion: The results showed that there is high prevalence of malnutrition among under-five children in Sokoto North Local Government Area of Sokoto State We recommended that mothers should be educated and encourage for exclusive breastfeeding

Development of biofortified rice for reduce stunting rates in South Sumatra Province

Lack of the element Zn in the body was one of the serious problems of malnutrition in Indonesia because it reduces endurance, productivity and quality of human life, and was one of the factors causing stunting. Stunting is worrying because it can cause problems with a child's growth and development, which is characterized by the child's height being below standard. One of the factors causing stunting is reduced consumption of zinc (Zn), especially in pregnant women and children. Deficiency of the element Zn in the body can be corrected by consuming foods that contain Fe and Zn. This writing aims to inform and convey the idea that one of the efforts that can be made to reduce stunting rates is through the development of Biofortified rice which will produce nutritious rice. To evaluate the impact of rice development, an evaluation was carried out on rice production and its effect on reducing stunting in several districts in South Sumatra. The method used was interviews, recapitulation of primary and secondary data. Biofortified rice cultivation efforts had been carried out in South Sumatra since 2021 in South OKU (1000 ha), in 2022 in Lahat (1000 ha), and in 2023 in eight districts (8000 ha). In general, Biofortified rice production in South OKU Regency (5.28 tons dry Grain/ha) and Lahat Regency (5.08 tons Harvested Dry Grain/ha). Based on the 2021 Indonesian Nutritional Status Survey (INSS) saw a decrease in the average prevalence of stunting in South Sumatra in 2022 to 18.6%, which decreased from 24.8% in 2021, including in Biofortified rice development districts. Based on the fact that the development of Biofortified rice can be an effort to reduce stunting, The Regional Government was increasingly expanding rice cultivation in almost all districts/cities.

Determinants of Stunting in Indonesia: Investigating Key Factors Influencing Child Growth

Stunting is a condition of growth failure that occurs in children, especially those under the age of five, caused by chronic poor nutritional intake and recurrent infectious diseases. Stunting is a social problem that has an impact on child development and the achievement of human resource quality. This study employed a cross-sectional design to investigate stunting in children in Tapanuli Tengah Regency, North Sumatra, Indonesia. The sample consisted of 402 children from five districts, chosen for their focus on stunting prevention. Data collection involved mother interviews and measuring children's length/height-for-age indicators. The study examined a variety of family and child characteristics, including age, gender, father's occupation, family income, birth weight, birth length, and disease history. Multiple Logistic Regression is used to analyze the determinant impact of stunting events on children under five. It was found that 23.4% of stunted children in Tapanuli Tengah Regency. The results of the study show that there was a significant influence of birth length and history of illness on the incidence of stunting. History of illness is the dominant risk factor for stunting, with an odds ratio (OR) of 1.8 with a Confidence Interval (CI) value of 1.120-2. 895. This informs that children who have a history of illness are almost 2 times more likely to be stunted than children who do not have a history of the disease. This study highlights the prevalence of stunting in Tapanuli Tengah Regency and its association with birth length and a history of illness. Interventions to combat stunting should target improving birth length and addressing children's history of illness. These findings align with existing literature on stunting in Indonesia and underscore the need for targeted interventions. Stunting remains a critical public health concern in Indonesia, necessitating context-specific efforts in Tapanuli Tengah Regency

SISTEM REKOMENDASI KEBUTUHAN NUTRISI MAKANAN PENDAMPING AIR SUSU IBU (MPASI) MENGGUNAKAN METODE FUZZY TAHANI SEBAGAI UPAYA PENCEGAHAN STUNTING

Stunting is a significant child health issue in Indonesia, where children experience impaired growth, resulting in weight and height below their age average. In 2022, the World Health Organization (WHO) and the Indonesian Nutrition Status Survey (SSGI) reported a stunting prevalence of 21.6%, exceeding the WHO target of 20%. Stunting is caused by chronic malnutrition from pregnancy through the first thousand days of life, a crucial period for brain and cognitive development. Proper complementary feeding (MPASI) after 6 months is essential to meet infants' nutritional needs and prevent developmental delays in children under two. This study aims to develop a mobile web-based system that recommends MPASI according to infants' nutritional needs using the Fuzzy Tahani method. This method was chosen for its ability to handle uncertainty and provide personalized solutions. The developed system achieved 94.5% accuracy, with a precision of 33.1%, recall of 27.4%, and specificity of 85.9%. The system met the research objectives despite lower precision and recall due to imbalanced training data. User Acceptance Testing (UAT) results indicated that 77.73% of users strongly agreed with the system, while 1.86% disagreed. This system is expected to assist in preventing stunting by providing more accurate MPASI recommendations tailored to each infant's needs.

Spatio-temporal modeling to identify factors associated with stunting in Indonesia using a Modified Generalized Lasso

This study investigates the factors associated with stunting prevalence in Indonesia, utilizing a generalized lasso framework with modified penalty matrices to accommodate spatio-temporal data structures. Novel approaches are introduced to construct the penalty matrices, with particular focus on defining neighborhood structures. The proposed method is applied to data from 34 Indonesian provinces, covering the years 2019 to 2023. The primary outcome is stunting prevalence, modeled against nine predictor variables: poverty, exclusive breastfeeding, low birth weight (LBW), high school completion, access to proper sanitation, unmet health service needs, Gross Domestic Product (GDP), calorie consumption, and protein consumption. A total of nine spatio-temporal models were compared, including a modified generalized lasso with three distinct penalty matrices for each two tuning selection methods and a generalized ridge regression with three penalty matrices. Results indicate that the generalized lasso model with a 3-nearest neighbor adjacency matrix outperformed the alternatives. Temporal variations were observed in the effects of exclusive breastfeeding, LBW, high school completion, and unmet health service needs. Positive associations with stunting prevalence were identified for poverty, exclusive breastfeeding, LBW, and unmet health service needs, while negative associations were found for high school completion rates, access to proper sanitation, GDP, calorie intake, and protein consumption. The strongest associations were observed in parts of Sumatra, Sulawesi, and Jakarta. These findings suggest that government interventions aimed at improving education, healthcare access, and poverty reduction may help alleviate stunting in Indonesia, particularly in regions with the greatest need.

The Relationship Of Compliance With Posyandu Visits And Accuracy Of MP-ASI Portions With Stunted Incidents In Yosowilangun Village, Manyar District

The prevalence of stunting is still increasing, including in Indonesia. The prevalence of stunting in 2022 in East Java province is 19.2%, while stunting in Gresik Regency in 2022 is 10.7% (Ministry of Health, 2022). However, at the end of 2023 there was a spike in stunting cases in Gresik which caused the percentage of stunted toddlers to rise. The aim of the research was to determine the relationship between compliance with Posyandu visits and accuracy of MP-ASI portions with short incidents (Stunted) in Yosowilangun Village, Manyar District. The research design method used is cross-sectional and the sampling method uses Proportioned Random Sampling. This research population involved mothers who had children aged 6-24 months who were registered at the Yosowilangun Village Posyandu. The sampling technique is Simple Random Sampling. The sample size was 112 toddlers. The results of the bivariate analysis between compliance with posyandu visits and appropriate portions of MP-ASI administration and the incidence of stunting were obtained (p = 0.000). Based on the data above, it can be concluded that compliance with Posyandu visits and the correct portion of MP-ASI delivery are significantly related to the incidence of stunting in Yosowilangun village.