Study Trip Research Articles

The Impact of a Study Trip to Auschwitz: Place-based Learning for Bioethics Education and Professional Identity Formation.

There are increasing calls for coverage of medicine during the Holocaust in medical school curricula. This article describes outcomes from a Holocaust and medicine educational program featuring a study trip to Poland, which focused on physician complicity during the Holocaust, as well as moral courage in health professionals who demonstrated various forms of resistance in the ghettos and concentration camps. The trip included tours of key sites in Krakow, Oswiecim, and the Auschwitz-Birkenau concentration camps, as well as meeting with survivors, lectures, reflective writings, and discussions. In-depth interviews and reflective writings were qualitatively analyzed. Resulting themes centered on greater understanding of the relationship between bioethics and the Holocaust, recognizing the need for moral courage and social awareness, deeper appreciation for the historical roles played by dehumanization and medical power and their contemporary manifestations, and the power of presence and experiential learning for bioethics education and professional identity formation. These findings evidence the significant impact of the experience and suggest broader adoption of pedagogies that include place-based and experiential learning coupled with critical reflection can amplify the impact of bioethics and humanism education as well as the process of professional identity formation of medical students.

Motivational Factors Influencing Young Travelers Decision-Making on Airbnb Accommodation

The purpose of this study is to the motivational influences on young travellers’ decision-making regarding Airbnb accommodation. The increasing trends of Airbnb among young people highlighted the trends of this type of accommodation. This study used a correlational design study using purposive sampling among the young generation that has experience at Airbnb accommodations. A quantitative research method using online surveys and a total of 339 questionnaires are analyzed in this study using Pearson correlation analysis. The findings reveal that price value, home benefit, and local authenticity are significant factors influencing young travelers’ decisions. Correlation and relative importance index analysis were employed to examine the relationships between these factors and their relative importance in motivating young travelers to choose Airbnb accommodations. Understanding these motivational factors has crucial implications for the hospitality industry, enabling Airbnb hosts to tailor their offerings and institutions to comprehend young travelers’ accommodation choices for study trips or exchanges. This research sheds light on diverse motivational influences guiding young travelers’ decisions regarding Airbnb, contributing to the growth of this market segment and ensuring young travelers’ satisfaction.

Az állami és nem állami szereplők újragondolt szerepe a biztonság megteremtésében és fenntartásában.

Összefoglalás. A KDP keretén belül végzett kutatómunkám fókuszában a biztonság megteremtése és fenntartása állami és nem állami szereplői tevékenységének jelenkori állapotanalízise, a komplementer rendészeti szereplők rendészeti szerveket tehermentesítő, nemzetgazdasági szempontból is meghatározó jelentőségű vizsgálata áll. Jelen tanulmányomban az ezzel megegyező tartalmú PhD-kutatásom eredményeiről számolok be, kutatási jelentés formájában. Summary. The focus of my research within the framework of the KDP is the analysis of the current state of the activities of state and non-state actors in the creation and maintenance of security, and the analysis of the role of complementary law enforcement actors in relieving the burden on law enforcement agencies, which is of crucial importance from a national economic point of view. In this paper I report the results of my PhD research with the same content in the form of a research report. I will point out that law enforcement, and thus the state actors in the creation of our security, and in particular the activities of the police, have been and are being dealt with in many different ways. However, only a small number of police researchers have focused their attention on non-state actors in the field of security, on the specialised bodies and ‘peripheries’ of policing, and on the use of methods other than those that might be called traditional policing. The joint work of state and non-state actors, the complementary and mutually reinforcing role of the police in creating and maintaining our common security, and the possibility of rethinking the respective roles are also areas that have been little researched. My PhD research seeks to fill this gap, bearing in mind the fact that law enforcement practitioners expect the Doctoral School of Police Studies to provide recommendations for applied research that can be used in everyday practice. In my gap-filling research, I will explore my research questions and hypotheses in an unconventional way by drawing on what I consider to be relevant, almost half a thousand domestic and foreign source materials, personal interviews, study trips and the experience of an expert survey. I will reflect on the significance of private security research and then move back in time to examine the development of the concept of policing over time. I will juxtapose key ideas from works that are perhaps little known to many, but which are still of great scientific value today. In a comparative analysis of state and non-state actors in the field of security, I will present the actors of complementary policing, the ‘stepchildren of policing’, and I will focus on the experience of the domestic organisation of a major sporting event, EURO2020, which attracts large crowds. Internationally, I will look at the development of the public and private security sectors in Estonia, Mexico, South Africa, Australia, Bulgaria, England and Canada, and the activities of private military companies. On the basis of all these research experiences, I will interpret the functioning of the security industry, the value added by private security and thus the new structure of policing in the light of the “Security Rethought” questionnaire survey. Based on my research, I will attempt to unpack and explain the mechanisms of the relationship between state and non-state actors in the creation and maintenance of security. By interpreting the path to date and suggesting a possible future, I try to combine an academic approach with the knowledge that emerges from the work of practitioners. Emphasising the scientific need for change and improvement, and the fusion of dogmatics and practice, I seek, in the framework of this research, to address some of the issues that I consider controversial and, as a result of this confrontation, to stimulate further research and the development of alternative solutions for those who are open to the development of the emerging science of policing, by setting out the legislative and theoretical problems of the subject.

When antisemitism is left out: Swedish teachers’ educational strategies and students’ understanding of the Holocaust during a study trip to memorial sites

ABSTRACT By deploying critical discourse analyses (CDA) of interviews with teachers and students before, during, and after a study trip to Holocaust memorial sites, and contextualizing the various discursive practices through participant observations, this study terms the regulating discursive order of teachers’ and students’ talk decontextualized racist evilness. The overarching teaching strategy aimed at leveling the gap between past and present to encourage students to act against racism. This study demonstrates how the universalist concept of the Holocaust was linked to the understanding of antisemitism as racist prejudice, among others. Additionally, it shows how the specificity of historical content was rare as was the explanatory teaching. The study indicates that students developed reasoning connected to the “why” question on their own; however, this reasoning was limited because of the lack of explanatory content (e.g., antisemitism). The study argues that study trips may not be legitimized as a prime bulwark against antisemitism.

School trips to historical sites: students’ cognitive, affective and physical experiences from visits to Auschwitz

History can be experienced in many ways, including visits to historical sites. Indeed, it is becoming increasingly common for Swedish schools to organise trips for their students to historical sites; in this case, to concentration camps. This article analyses how cognitive, affective and physical experiences frame students’ interpretations of historical sites, and discusses how visits to historical sites might contribute to history education. The research questions we examine are as follows: What forms of experience did the students express, and how did these forms relate to each other? What implications might these expressed experiences pose for how teachers organise their teaching, including trips to Holocaust memorial sites? This article analyses seminars that comprised part of the examinable work in a course that involved a study trip to Auschwitz concentration camp. Empirical data were analysed using a model in which cognitive, affective and physical experiences were identified and described. The results demonstrate how cognitive, affective and physical responses interact with students’ experiences. Students described how the school trip contributed to their understanding of what is and is not possible to know, and to their will to influence society. Thus, the results indicate that physical encounters with historical sites can create new opportunities for students’ learning of history and the meaning making that comes from it.

Kotagede Heritage City: Dynamics of Urban Tourism in Kotagede Yogyakarta

This study aims to target Kotagede's tourist attractions, which lie in its historical and cultural heritage, including traditional houses and heritage sites, as well as performances, culinary, and art. The region's historical significance, since the establishment of the Mataram kingdom, provides a wealth of wealth for visitors to explore. Preserving traditional architecture, such as traditional wooden joglo houses and eclectic merchant houses, adds to Kotagede's appeal as a heritage city. This research uses a qualitative method approach to describe the natural condition of objects, where the researcher is the key instrument. The reason researchers choose descriptive research is to be able to describe systematically and accurately facts and characteristics about the population or a particular field. Kotagede's characteristics align with urban tourism's attributes, the first of which is connectivity. In this region, spaces between regions are connected by narrow streets and alleys of community housing. Each tourist attraction place is also equipped with signs and signs. Some roads are arranged to be one way that is useful for regulating traffic density. Furthermore, tourist activities and attractions are heterogeneous. Kotagede attracts different types of tourists with different motivations. From those who want to walk, go on a study trip, culinary to pilgrimage. In the Kotagede area, there are overlapping events between the activities of residents and tourists, such as residents shopping at the market while tourists explore culinary.

FORMAT LAYANAN DALAM BIMBINGAN KELOMPOK

The group guidance service format is a framework or structure used by counselors or mentors to provide guidance to a group of individuals in one session or meeting. Group counseling services aim to assist group members in understanding and overcoming the various problems or challenges they face, as well as promoting personal growth and positive development. The service formats in group guidance are (1) classical format, (2) group format, (3) field format, (4) individual format, (5) collaborative format, and (6) distance format. As for the types of methods in the service Group guidance includes: home room programs, study trips, discussion groups, group activities, student unions, sociodrama, psychodrama, and drama teaching.

The Value Implication and Practical Path Yan'an Spirit into Middle School Education

During the Yan’an period, the Chinese Communists cultivated and formed the Yan’an spirit. The main contents of the Yan’an spirit include the firm and correct political direction, the ideological line of emancipating the mind and seeking truth from facts, the fundamental purpose of serving the people wholeheartedly, and the entrepreneurial spirit of self-reliance and hard work. The Yan’an spirit has played an important role in various periods of China’s revolution, construction, and reform. In the current era of socialism with Chinese characteristics, it is essential to extract the educational value of the Yan’an spirit. By incorporating the Yan’an spirit into middle school education, students can adhere to the correct political orientation, adhere to their ideals and beliefs, adhere to mind emancipation and seeking truth from facts, adhere to the people-centered approach, and adhere to self-reliance. The integration of the Yan’an spirit into classroom teaching, campus activities, project-based learning, and study trips plays a vital role in educating students about the Yan’an spirit, contributing significantly to the cultivation of successive generations of socialist builders and successors.

The eco-ethical contribution of Menico Torchio – a forgotten pioneer of European Bioethics

BackgroundIn 1926, Fritz Jahr described bio-ethics (German: bio-ethik) as “the assumption of moral obligations not only towards humans, but towards all forms of life.” Jahr summarized his philosophy by declaring, “Respect every living being on principle as an end in itself and treat it, if possible, as such!.” Bioethics was thus originally an ethical system concerned with the “problems of interference with other living beings… and generally everything related to the balance of the ecosystem” according to the 1978 Encyclopedia of Bioethics. This definition was predicated on the work of Fritz Jahr, Menico Torchio, and Van Rensselaer Potter.MethodsIn order to proceed with depthful analysis of the origin and major bioethical flare up, we will use critical analysis of existing literature, followed by a study trip to relevant bioethical localities (collecting photo and other documentations regarding Menico Torchio).ResultsWhile Jahr and Potter are typically given intellectual credit for developing the field of bioethics, the eco-ethical contributions of Menico Torchio have been forgotten.This article will first trace the origins of “bioethics” – now commonly bifurcated into “biomedical ethics” and “environmental bioethics.” The former was developed by Tom Beauchamp from the Philosophy Department and James Childress of the Religious Studies department at Georgetown University and is based on principlism, with a narrow focus on medical settings. The latter addresses the environmental impact of the medical industry and climate change health hazards. Second, we will present a panorama of Torchio’s significant intellectual contribution to bioethics. Menico Torchio’s concept of bioethics synthesized work of both Jahr and Potter, advocating “the need to expand our ethical obligations and embrace the most developed groups of animals, not only physically but also psychologically.” Third, we will reflect on the lasting legacy of “bioethics” on biomedical and environmental bioethics today. Thematic elements such as interconnectedness of planetary health and human health, dedication to living in harmony with nature, and emphasis on systems and symbiosis remain unchanged from the legacy of Tochio onward.ConclusionOur conclusion will underscore the necessity of understanding the connections between planetary, environmental, and human health.

메타버스기반 체험학습 NFT보고서의 위치인식과 ID식별 설계

In this paper, a blockchain-based platform of NFT(Non-Fungible Token) reports was proposed to ensure the reliable performance contents of field study trip. It is possible to identify and manage the personal multi biomeric authentication user ID of activity records for students in a mobile IP-based metaverse with the linkage of extended reality(XR).
 At this time, many quests and incentives of platform are provided to induce students to experience smart and fun field studying facilities by linking real trip experiences and virtual extended_reality studies in the metaverse interworking.

Study trips: an essential educational component for the training of agribusiness managers

Study trips: an essential educational component for the training of agribusiness managers

Magyar történelmi témák 18. századi bécsi festői: adatok Wenzel Pohl munkásságához és az August Rumelnek tulajdonított mohácsi csata-képhez

Media news made the name of Wenzel Pohl known in Hungary in the early 2000s, for the two large history paintings (The Battle of Mohács, Saint Stephen converting the Hungarians to the christian faith), which had cropped up in the art trade and which were purchased by the Hungarian state and deposited in the Hungarian embassy in Vienna, were attributed to him. Although more recent research has proposed that the painter of the cycle once consisting of six pieces was most probably August Rumel and not Pohl, it is worth knowing of Pohl’s artistic activity irrespective of the Hungarian relevance, too, because his person is gradually fading out of art historiography – for example, his name is missing from the 96th volume of the Saur Allgemeines Künstlerlexikon published in 2017.The best-known Pohl portraits are the ones he painted of the noted Jesuit astronomer, mathematician and physicist Miksa Hell. A full-figure portrait shows the scientist in traditional Sami costume during his research trip to the North, and we know of a portrait showing Hell is a monk’s frock. His engraved copies of paintings in the Viennese imperial collection, real forerunners to the representative 19th century album of prints presenting the collection, probably belong to a series. In the cycle of paintings about the coronation of Joseph II as Holy Roman Emperor (Frankfurt, 1765) he was assigned the painting of architectural details, which is confirmed by the fact that he was sent on a study trip to Frankfurt to make drawn sketches of the venues of the event. After the representative painting of Martin van Meytens he made a small-scale version of the group portrait of Maria Theresa and her family. His chef d’oeuvre is the representative painting series showing the events of the coronation of Maria Theresa in Pozsony in 1741 painted for the Hungarian court chancellery in Vienna. He painted it with Franz Messmer in the second half of the 1760s. In contrast, the three portraits of monarchs in Riesensaal in Innsbruck so far attributed to him by researchers were actually painted by Jakob Kohl.The other part of the paper contributes a few new viewpoints to the examination of the painting about the battle of Mohács earlier attributed to Pohl. In addition to contemporaneous woodcuts of the tragic battle of 1526 in news-letters and pamphlets in German, to 16th century Turkish miniatures, and diverse 16–18th century European manuscript and book illustrations, a ceiling fresco in Garamszentbenedek and several large paintings – including Rumel’s work – also conjured up the battle in the 18th century. Since in the nation’s historical consciousness and cultural memory the battle of Mohács did not acquire its symbolic, mythic position represented to this day before the 19th century, the two works of art were way ahead of their time in anticipating the salient position of the tragic event, because, unlike, for example, István dorffmaister’s late 18th century pictures ordered in Mohács, they show the battle as a fatal even in the history of the entire nation. on the other side, by the terminating piece of the series ordered for the Transylvanian court chancellery being the battle of Mohács, the client departed from the 18th century imperial, dynastic outlook which presented as positive parallels to the battle of Mohács and the capture of Szigetvár by the Turks the victorious battles of the late 17th century liberating war led by the Habsburg Empire: the second battle of Mohács and the recapture of Szigetvár, partly as examples of divine justice and partly as legitimation of the Habsburg Empire’s territorial expansion “earned with blood”. It is noteworthy that the right side of central scene of Rumel’s Battle of Mohács resembles the composition of leonardo da Vinci’s Battle of Anghiari surviving in copies only. It is presumable that the renaissance battle scenes served as a model example for the painter.

Marketing Strategy for Cibaduyut SME'S Craftsmen Post Covid 19 Pandemics

This article describes and explores the function and role of the UMKM shoemaker’s producer of marketing strategy at Cibaduyut area on the latest endemic condition post Covid 19. The objective article is to define what is the influence of the marketing strategy that UMKM in Cibaduyut did before, during and after Covid-19 pandemic that already going into endemic on their daily activity at shoemaker's producer operation and the struggles of these UMKM in applying the digitalization marketing to their business operation in purpose of maintain performance during and after the Covid 19. The method for this article used was qualitative methods through observations, interviews and study trip with literature and data processed. This article indications that shoemaker’s producer’s challenges are in using digital platforms and offers alternatives to improve the formulation of marketing strategies for UMKM to apply digital platforms in their business operations to be more efficiently and successfully applied to face the post Covid-19 Pandemic and adapt the new normal situation.

Conception of Sustainable Development in Local Philosophies of Scandinavian Countries

This article was inspired by the cooperation between two university teams implementing a Polish-Norwegian project Green Schoolbag for the Earth Climate. The project was aimed at preparing early school pedagogy teachers and students for the implementation of education for sustainable development (SD). A study trip to Norway and sharing experience gave rise to studying Norwegian curricula and educational literature. The study findings revealed that local educational philosophies and SD in the four Scandinavian countries differ in social, cultural and educational terms. The article presents the historical background to introducing SD into social and cultural habits in each of the countries and, consequently, lifestyles typical of the inhabitants of these countries. Four types of lifestyles are compared: Finish sisu, Norwegian friluftsliv, Danish hygge and Swedish lagom. The analysis proved that Scandinavian countries have similar climate and values as regards their attitudes to nature. However, differences in local philosophies are visible and their inhabitants present specific lifestyles, different behaviours and social and cultural principles behind their attitudes to the SD concept. The conclusion of the article puts an open question about Polish people’s local philosophy, lifestyle and SD education.

The Role of Piano Pieces in Kodály’s Life

"This study summarizes the composer’s piano works for the occasion of Kodály’s 140th anniversary. It introduces the role of the piano in Kodály’s life, the works he became acquainted with during his studies, and whether he had the opportunity to perform them in concert during his lifetime. Other questions include which study trips could have influenced the composition of his piano pieces, in which period were the piano pieces written, and who were the performers of the first performances. The research method is documentary analysis. As a result of the research, it can be concluded that Kodály had no formal piano teacher. He acquired his knowledge through lessons from his sister. He was driven by curiosity to become acquainted with all of Bach’s Well-Tempered Clavier. He later used the instrument in his composing. We also found examples of him accompanying his songs in concerts. The piano pieces were influenced by his study trip to France. The piano pieces were composed in 3 periods. Keywords: Kodály, piano study, piano pieces, dawn, performers"

Anthropology and image in colonial contexts: the scientific expedition to Spanish territories in the Gulf of Guinea (1948)

Spanish Guinea, as the largest Spanish colonial territory in sub-Saharan Africa, was the object of scientific attention by several official Spanish institutions such as the Institute of African Studies (IDEA) and the Ethnological and Colonial Museum of Barcelona (MECB). Both were interested in describing and documenting the colony’s ways of life and sponsored the 1948 Expedition to Spanish Guinea that inaugurated other MECB study trips during the 1950s. Images, in various formats (drawing, photography, etc.), played a significant role in these investigations, becoming a major instrument to describe the colony’s past and present. In this way, it not only contributed to consolidating the Spanish colonial vision and actions but also helped to confirm, scientifically, the subordination of the indigenous populations to the metropolitan colonial power. This article presents the details of the 1948 Expedition as well as the visual record generated. Finally, some reflections are made on the role of images in this context.

Trans-systemic mobility, travel reports and knowledge acquisition in Cold War Hungary in the 1960s and 1970s

ABSTRACT How did the state socialist regimes of the Soviet Bloc acquire knowledge about the ‘West’? Despite the ready-made ideological framework about the nature of Western capitalism and ‘imperialism’, state socialist authorities constantly sought out and relied on new information about the societies and governments beyond the Iron Curtain. Since this learning process exceeded the competences and the energies of the Party and state organs, they relied on the observations and assessments of privileged individuals who were allowed to explore the world outside the Soviet Bloc. Focusing on the cultural and scientific contacts between Hungary and the United States, the article analyses a specific form of information-gathering: travel reports that reflected on work and study trips to the ‘West’ . Hungary, like most of its regional neighbours, became more open in the 1960s, signing a series of economic and cultural agreements with capitalist countries. The regime encouraged tourism and the number of travellers from and to the West quickly increased. Scholarly exchanges with the United States started through the Ford scholarships (since 1964) and then the International Research and Exchanges Board (IREX) (since 1968), and connections multiplied as Hungarian academics, artists and professionals were integrated into transnational networks. While the authorities could not control and shape all aspects related to the cross-systemic mobility of information, goods and people, they aimed to monitor closely the process through institutional bodies like the Institute for Cultural Relations which had strong ties to the State Security. All officially monitored travellers were required to attend an ‘orientation’ session before leaving and were expected to produce a written report afterwards in which they evaluated their trip, their hosts and the experience. The article investigates the form and the function of such travel reports in the wider context of covert and public knowledge production and dissemination about the ‘West’ in state socialist countries.

Engaging in critical consciousness in social work education: reflections from a student-academic international refugee activist project

ABSTRACT Engaging in critical consciousness has been central for anti-oppressive practice in social work education. This article presents reflections on migration and (anti-) oppressive social work practices based on a student-academic activist project beginning in the North-East (NE) of England. The project involved MA social work students and two academics from a NE university, organizing a series of events aimed at raising awareness in relation to the refugee crisis. In addition, the project crucially involved a study trip to Athens, Greece, where the discussions with frontline professionals, refugee activists and social work students were utilized as an opportunity for co-learning and anti-oppressive praxis. Using Freire’s (1970, 1994) analysis for oppression and critical consciousness, understandings of social work across international boundaries and contexts of practice were developed, revealing the need for social work education to undertake a more activist and politicized approach.

From the Arctic to the Tropics: A Thematic Analysis of Teacher Candidates’ Reflections of Two Cross-Cultural Programs

This study describes how one university prepares culturally responsive teacher candidates through Alaska and Thailand cross-cultural summer study trips. The study addressed the impact of the Alaska and Thailand cross-cultural experiences on teacher candidates as described in their reflective writings. The reflections addressed their socialization and depth of understanding and appreciation of children and adults from another culture. The authors looked for parallel themes that emerged as characteristics of both experiences.

"Where my responsibility lies": Reflecting on medicine during the Holocaust to support personal and professional identity formation in health professions education.

Physicians and the medical/scientific establishment during Nazism and the Holocaust committed egregious ethical violations including complicity with genocide. Critical reflection on this history serves as a powerful platform for scaffolding morally resilient professional identity formation (PIF) with striking relevance for contemporary health professions education and practice. Study aim was to explore the impact of an Auschwitz Memorial study trip within the context of a medicine during Nazism and the Holocaust curriculum on students' personal and PIF. The authors analyzed 44 medical and psychology students' reflective writings from a 2019 Auschwitz Memorial study trip using immersion-crystallization qualitative thematic analysis. Six distinct themes and 22 subthemes were identified and mapped to a reflective learning process model: 1. "What am I bringing?" 2. "What am I experiencing through the curriculum?" 3. "What am I initially becoming aware of as a first response?" 4./5. "How and what am I processing?" 6. "What am I taking with me?" Particularly compelling subthemes of power of the place, emotional experience, reflection on myself as a moral person, and contemporary relevance referred to impactful course elements. This curriculum catalyzed a critically reflective learning/meaning-making process supporting personal and PIF including critical consciousness, ethical awareness, and professional values. Formative curriculum elements include narrative, supporting emotional aspects of learning, and guided reflection on moral implications. The authors propose Medicine during Nazism and the Holocaust curriculum as a fundamental health professions education component cultivating attitudes, values, and behaviors for empathic, moral leadership within inevitable healthcare challenges.