Water Quality Index Study Research Articles

A systematic and comparative study of Water Quality Index (WQI) for groundwater quality analysis and assessment.

Water is essential for human survival. Its quality must be maintained to prevent any potential health problems. Pollution and contamination are likely causes of the water quality decline. This may occur if the world's rapidly expanding population and industrial facilities fail to clean their effluent correctly. The Water Quality Index, often known as the WQI, is the indicator most frequently used to characterize surface water quality. This study emphasizes several WQI models that could be of use to us in determining the level of water quality available in the various areas. We have tried to cover multiple essential procedures and their corresponding mathematical counterparts. In this article, we also examine the applications of index models in different types of water bodies, such as lakes, rivers, surface water, and groundwater. The level of contamination in water due to pollution directly affects the overall quality of water. A pollution index is a valuable tool for measuring the level of pollution. Concerning this, we have discussed two approaches, namely, the Overall Index of Pollution and Nemerrow's Pollution Index, which demonstrate the most effective technique to evaluate the water standard. Examining the similarities and differences between these approaches may offer researchers a suitable starting point to delve further into assessing water quality.

Study of Water Quality Index of Cilamaya Watershed Before and During The COVID-19 Pandemic

Study of Water Quality Index of Cilamaya Watershed Before and During The COVID-19 Pandemic

Investigation of water quality in Ambur city by water quality indexing

Present study is carried out for the assessment of ground water quality and comparing its suitability for drinking purpose in Ambur city in Tirupattur District, Tamil Nadu, India. Water quality index is calculated on the basis of pH, conductivity, total dissolved solids, total hardness, Ca2+, Mg2+, Na+, K+, Cl-, alkalinity, and SO42- content of the water samples. Water quality index study show that the ground water quality of the study area is deteriorated due to high value of total dissolved solids, conductivity, total hardness, calcium, magnesium, chloride, and sulphate in water samples.

Assessment study of water quality index (WQI) for Shatt Al-arab River and its branches, Iraq

Shatt Al-Arab River (in Basrah province South of Iraq) is approximately 192 km long. It plays a key role in providing water for domestic purposes, irrigation, manufacturing, in addition to shipment. Recently the river suffers from increasing pollution, due to wastes from industries, domestic sewage and agricultural activities that find their way into water sources and result in large scale deterioration of water quality. Investigating the river size and significance, becomes necessary to perform a study to understand the water quality of this river that is considered by some experts as one of the most contaminated in Iraq. This work uses the Water Quality Index (WQI) to describe the pollution level of the river and by using Geographic Information System (GIS) to create WQI map. This study also determines the critical pollutants affecting the river water quality throughout its course. WQI has been formulated making use of several water quality parameters such as pH, temperature, Dissolved Oxygen (DO), Biological Oxygen Demand（BOD5), Chemical Oxygen Demand（COD）, Nitrate (NO3-2), Phosphate (PO4-3), Total Dissolved Solids (TDS), Total Suspended Solids (TSS), Turbidity (Tur), and Electrical Conductivity (E.C) which were measured at 37 sites along the river. Bad water quality was observed at the sites of the river branches, near the center of Basrah governorate. Furthermore, it was discovered that the main reason for river pollution was due to the high sewage water discharged into the river, especially river branches and illegal discharges of industrial effluent and sewage.

Suitability Analysis of Water in an Urban Tropical Lake Using Seasonal Water-Quality Index

This study deals with the study of water-quality index (WQI) of a tropical, urban water body in Gorakhpur region (India). Water-quality index was determined on the basis of various physico-chemical parameters like pH, temperature, total solids, total dissolved solids, total suspended solids, dissolved oxygen, biological oxygen demand, hardness, calcium, magnesium, etc. Then, on the basis of calculated WQI, the water was correlated for its use for public consumption, recreation, or any other purpose. A number of parameters directly regulate the utility of water for a particular purpose. The water-quality index obtained for the water body in different seasons of study periods, i.e., rainy season, winter season, and summer season are 78.29, 74.01, and 116.94, respectively; this indicates the water quality of the collected samples to be very poor.

History of water quality parameters - a study on the Sinos River/Brazil.

Water is increasingly becoming a valuable resource, constituting one of the central themes of environmental, economic and social discussions. The Sinos River, located in southern Brazil, is the main river from the Sinos River Basin, representing a source of drinking water supply for a highly populated region. Considering its size and importance, it becomes necessary to conduct a study to follow up the water quality of this river, which is considered by some experts as one of the most polluted rivers in Brazil. As for this study, its great importance lies in the historical analysis of indicators. In this sense, we sought to develop aspects related to the management of water resources by performing a historical analysis of the Water Quality Index (WQI) of the Sinos River, using statistical methods. With regard to the methodological procedures, it should be pointed out that this study performs a time analysis of monitoring data on parameters related to a punctual measurement that is variable in time, using statistical tools. The data used refer to analyses of the water quality of the Sinos River (WQI) from the State Environmental Protection Agency Henrique Luiz Roessler (Fundação Estadual de Proteção Ambiental Henrique Luiz Roessler, FEPAM) covering the period between 2000 and 2008, as well as to a theoretical analysis focusing on the management of water resources. The study of WQI and its parameters by statistical analysis has shown to be effective, ensuring its effectiveness as a tool for the management of water resources. The descriptive analysis of the WQI and its parameters showed that the water quality of the Sinos River is concerning low, which reaffirms that it is one of the most polluted rivers in Brazil. It should be highlighted that there was an overall difficulty in obtaining data with the appropriate periodicity, as well as a long complete series, which limited the conduction of statistical studies such as the present one.

A comparative study of Water Quality Index (WQI) of Peruvanthanam and Valiyathodu sub-watersheds of Manimala river basin, Kerala, South India.

Water Quality Index (WQI) is the rating that reflects the composite influence of different water quality parameters such as pH, TDS, Hardness, Sulphate, Chloride and Turbidity. WQI has been classified as excellent, good, fair, marginal and poor.Thematic maps for the study area were prepared from SOI toposheets and IRS P6 LISS-III image (P100/R67) using Arc GIS 9.2 software.WQI values were added as attribute data and spatial distribution maps for both sub-watersheds were prepared. Critical analysis and comparison of WQI for both sub-watersheds reveals that, during monsoon period, Peruvanthanam has maximum 'excellent' category ie, 47.06% than Valiyathodu sub-watershed ie, 33.33%. 'excellent' ie, 23.52%,'good' ie, 29.41% and 'fair' ie, 47.06% during pre monsoon, 'good' ie, 35.29% and 'fair' ie,17.65% during monsoon and 'excellent' ie, 17.65% 'good' ie, 23.53% and 'fair' ie, 58.82% during post monsoon season. Valiyathodu sub-watershed has 'excellent' ie, 26.67%, 'good' ie, 33.33% and 'fair' ie, 40.00% during pre monsoon. It shows constant value of 40.00% for good category during monsoon and post monsoon season. WQI having fair value of 6.67% and 33.33% for monsoon and post monsoon seasons respectively. Marginal category for monsoon and post monsoon season is 20.00% and 26.67% respectively. Hence it is explicit that, in general water quality is good in Peruvanthanam sub-watershed, compared to Valiyathodu sub-watershed. Keywords - Arc GIS.9.2, IRS P6 LISS-III image (P100/R67), SOI toposheet, Spatial distribution Water Quality Index (WQI)

Water Quality Index Assessment ofGroundwater in Todaraisingh Tehsil of Rajasthan State, India‐A Greener Approach

This study deals with the statistical analysis and study of water quality index to assess hardness of groundwater in Todaraisingh tehsil of Tonk district of Rajasthan state. The study has been carried out to examine its suitability for drinking, irrigation and industrial purpose. The presence of problematic salts contains in groundwater due to local pollutants and affected the groundwater quality adversely. The estimated values were compared with drinking water quality standards prescribed by B.I.S. It was found that drinking water is severely polluted with hardness causing salts. This study reveals that people dependent on water sources of the study area are prone to health hazards of contaminated water and quality managements to hardness urgently needed.