Study Of Spatial Behavior Research Articles

STUDY ON AUTOMATED DETECTION OF EQUATORIAL PLASMA BUBBLES EPB

A processing application has been developed to detect and characterize localized plasma decreases: Equatorial plasma bubbles. The algorithm used is based on an automated search for negative STEC variations during a GPS satellite passage. First, an example of detection is shown. The method used has been applied to available data from seven (7) stations in West Africa, and the results over several years of measurements are presented. A study of spatial behavior was also carried out. The results show that the location of EPB bubbles depends on magnetic position. Bubbles are more present near the position of the North and South Equatorial Anomaly (EIA) ridges, but exist near the magnetic equator. Beyond 30° of inclination, bubbles are rarely present. The study of EPB characteristics also revealed durations mostly between 10 and 25 min, and maximum depths between 5 and 25 TECU.

Numerical Study of Spatial Behavior of Solute Particle Transport in Single Fracture with Variable Apertures

The aim of this study is to numerically analyze spatial behaviors of solute particle transport in a single fracture with spatially correlated variable apertures under application of effective normal stress conditions. The numerical results show that solute particle transport in a single fracture is strongly affected by spatial correlation length of variable apertures and applied effective normal stress. As spatial correlation length increases, mean residence time of solute particles decreases and tortuosity and Peclet number (a dimensionless number representing the relationship between the rate of advection of solute particles by the flow and the rate of diffusion of solute particles) also decreases. These results indicate that the geometry of the aperture distribution is favorable to solute particle transport when the spatial correlation length is increased. However, as effective normal stress increases, the mean residence time and tortuosity tend to increase but the Peclet number decreases. The main reason for a decreasing Peclet number is that the solute particle is transported by one or two channels with relatively higher localized flow rates owing to increase in contact areas resulting from increasing effective normal stress. Based on the numerical results of the solute particle transport produced in this study, an exponential-type correlation formula between the mean residence time and the effective normal stress is proposed.

Social spatial cognition in rat tetrads: how they select their partners and their gathering places.

Spatial organization is an extensively studied field, in which most of the research has been on how the physical environment is perceived and conceived. There is a consensus that physical attributes such as environment geometry and landmarks are key factors in shaping spatial cognition. Nevertheless, the numerous studies of spatial behavior have usually been carried out on individuals, thereby overlooking the possible impact of the social environment. In the present study, rats were exposed to an unfamiliar open-field, first alone and then in tetrads of unfamiliar individuals, in order to monitor and analyze when and how their individual spatial behavior converged to a group spatial behavior. We found that the unfamiliar rats spent most of their time in companionship, first with preferred partners and ultimately as a quartet. Specifically, group formation was dynamic and gradual, with the rats first forming duos, then trios, and ultimately a quartet. Trios and quartets mostly huddled in the same specific corner that became a shared home base, from which they took solo or duo roundtrips to the arena. The present study unveils how, by means of gradual interactions among self, place, and conspecifics, four unfamiliar rats organized together their social spatial behavior.

Spatial behavior in the electromagnetic theory of microstretch elasticity

This paper is concerned with the electromagnetic theory of microstretch elasticity. First, the initial boundary value problem is formulated in the framework of the linear dynamic theory of microstretch magnetoelectroelastic solids. Then, the spatial behavior of solutions is studied in both bounded and unbounded regions. The obtained result gives an exact idea of the domain of influence, in the sense that for each fixed time in a given interval, the entire activity vanishes at distanced from the support of the given data greater than a time-dependent threshold value. The study of spatial behavior is completed by an exponential decay estimate inside the domain of influence. As a by product a uniqueness result holding for both bounded and unbounded bodies is derived. Finally, the effect of a concentrated microstretch body force is studied.

Two Meetings: Contrasting Use of Space by Malay Villagers and Thai Officials in Southern Thailand

Anthropology has devoted insufficient attention to the study of spatial behaviour. Some recent trends in the literature are discussed and the issues they raise are examined in the light of ethnographic material on Thai bureaucrats and Malay villagers in Southern Thailand. A system for the study of spatial behaviour is then proposed, in order to give it a more central position in anthropological analysis.

On Spatial Behavior in the Theory of Viscoelastic Mixtures

This paper is concerned with the study of spatial behavior of solutions in a heat-conducting viscoelastic mixture consisting of two constituents: a porous elastic solid and a viscous fluid. By using adequate time-weighted integral measures, some spatial estimates of Saint–Venant type (for bounded bodies) and Phragmén–Lindelöf type (for unbounded bodies) are established. The estimates in question are characterized both by time-independent as well as time-dependent decay and growth rates.

Spatial deficits and hemispheric asymmetries in the rat following unilateral and bilateral lesions of posterior parietal or medial agranular cortex

Studies of spatial behavior in both the human and non-human primate have generally focused on the role of the posterior parietal and prefrontal cortices and have indicated that destruction of these regions produce allocentric and egocentric deficits, respectively. The present study examined the role of the rodent analogs of these regions, the posterior parietal (PPC) and medial agranular (AGm) cortices, in egocentric and allocentric spatial processing, and whether spatial processing in rodents is organized in a hemispatial and/or lateralized manner as has been found in the primate. Eighty male rats receiving either a unilateral or bilateral lesion of AGm or PPC were examined on an egocentric (adjacent arm) or an allocentric (cheeseboard) maze task. The results indicated that PPC and AGm have dissociable spatial functions. Bilateral AGm destruction resulted in egocentric spatial deficits, and unilateral AGm operates demonstrated an intermediate deficit. In contrast, bilateral PPC operates demonstrated a severe deficit in allocentric processing. In addition, there were lateralized differences in the performance of unilateral PPC operates. While right PPC lesions resulted in a significant deficit on the allocentric task, no such deficit was seen in left PPC operates. In addition, neither unilateral AGm nor unilateral PPC operates demonstrated a hemispatial impairment on either the egocentric or allocentric tasks.

Human Geography, Regional Science, and the Study of Individual Behaviour

This paper discusses the relationship between the highly disaggregated studies of spatial behaviour and perception, which are becoming more and more commonplace in the geographic and planning literature, and the basic tenets of the methods generally accepted within the parent disciplines of human geography and regional science. The argument is advanced that the relationship is an unfortunate one of dependence; that behavioural research in geography has accepted too easily a philosophy of science and an approach to problem formulation and hypothesis testing which is ‘handed down’ indirectly from the natural sciences; and that this limitation has effectively precluded a whole range of approaches to the study of human spatial behaviour, approaches which could be very fruitful indeed.

ANALYSIS OF SPATIAL BEHAVIOR BY REVEALED SPACE PREFERENCE

ABSTRACT In the study of spatial behavior we are interested in finding the rules for spatial choice which, when applied to any unique distribution of spatial opportunities, are capable of generating spatial behavior patterns similar to those observed. Behavioral postulates in geographical theories should incorporate these rules rather than descriptive statistics of actual behavior in a spatial system, since the latter are incorporating knowledge of the same spatial system that the theory hopes to generate and, in so doing, to explain. The concept of revealed space preferences is proposed as the organizing concept for finding these rules. This concept is similar to that of revealed preference in the theory of consumer demand. If spatial choice is viewed as a comparison and evaluation of alternative spatial opprtunities against a personal preference function, then, from any consistent statement of preferences from the paired comparison of spatial opportunities, it ought to be possible to derive a unique ran...