Study Of Political Transformations Research Articles

Influence of political turbulence on economic development of Ukraine

Introduction. The influence of political factors on economic processes in Ukraine is extremely important. Changes in political elites, their use of certain social and economic instruments, types and models, affect the state of social and economic development of the country in the short, medium and long term. That is why research and analysis of the economic situation in political cycles is an important issue that needs to be studied. Methods. The theoretical and methodological basis of the research are the fundamental positions of modern economic theory, scientific works of scientists on the problems of economic cycles. The general development of the Ukrainian economy under the influence of political factors is analyzed in the course of the research on the basis of the historical approach, as well as the method of analysis and synthesis used to determine the influence of political cycles on the development of the country's economy, abstraction and synthesis, comparison and analogy when comparing the results obtained by researchers and establishing the possibility of their use for carrying out tasks for the prevention of economic imbalances. Results. The article deals with the influence of political cycles on the economic situation, the dynamics of macroeconomic indicators and economic development in Ukraine. The main problems of economic policy are outlined and recommendations on elimination of economic imbalances and increase of welfare of citizens, increase of efficiency of fiscal measures in Ukraine are developed. It has been determined that in order to overcome the above-mentioned problems in the economic sphere in the process of elaboration of the economic development strategy for the long-term perspective, it is necessary to involve experts from among the scholars, business circles, expert analytical organizations in forming the directions of implementation of fiscal policy in the long-term perspective, as well as to ensure transparent and open relations. between state authorities and other actors in the social and economic sphere. Discussion. The study of political transformations and the analysis of their impact on economic fluctuations will enable future researchers to use better the results of their work to prevent economic imbalances in Ukraine. Keywords: prime minister, politics, economy, gross domestic product, taxes, expenditures, deficit, public debt, inflation, personal incomes, currency rate.

Political transformations in the post-soviet states: methodological approaches and research problems

The article is sanctified to research of, firstly, reasons of system difference between post-Soviet and post-communist transit of European countries, secondly, the exposure of actual nature of the post-Soviet regimes. The aim of this research is a show of the different methodological approaches to the study of political transformations of former Soviet Union countries at the beginning of XXI century.

Political transformations in the CEE post-communist countries: theoretical and metodological approaches

Theoretical and methodological approaches to the study of political transformations in the CEE post-communist countries have been analyzed. The author argues that democratic transits do not guarantee transition to democracy and its consolidation. They are just polymorphic conversion processes from one political state to another, where the final destination is not always a democracy. They are influenced by general international factors, which allows us to consider the democratic transits, which may not consolidate into democracy, as integral components of the modern global democratic wave. Their real democratic value is not a definite variable. Political realities indicate that some of the transits proceed to illiberal democracy and hybrid regimes with different (non-) democratic features or often with versions of a new authoritarianism. In electoral democracies, only the external, formal sides of the democracy and democratic procedures are imitated, especially elections, which does not give grounds to relate these regimes to the democratic ones.
 Keywords: Post-communist countries of CEE, theoretical and methodological approaches, political transformation

Основные подходы к исследованию политической трансформации современного Китая

Основные подходы к исследованию политической трансформации современного Китая

RUSSIAN POLITICAL PROCESSES IN THE LATE XX CENTURY AS THE OBJECT OF SOCIALCULTURAL ANALYSIS

Social-cultural analysis has found wide application in the study of political transformations taking place in Russia since the end of the XX century. The nature and characteristics of political processes in post-Soviet Russia are linked to the cultural and political norms and values that underlie mass consciousness. The traditions of domestic political institutions, aspirations and interests of citizens, the style of political leadership - all this is a product of historical and cultural experience, the established system of relations. This made possible the drift of value orientations in various directions and led to significant value disengagement among Russians. On the basis of various value systems, various socio-cultural types of attitude to political and economic changes have developed and continue to evolve. It is also expedient to include in the political culture samples or stable, representative models of the behavior of individuals and groups participating in the political process. It is these components that are the subject of social-cultural analysis in the study of changes taking place in Russia at the end of the XX and beginning of the XXI century. An analysis of the three stages in the transformation of the value orientations of Russians made it possible to state a significant erosion of the previously dominant system of values of Soviet society.

Political Experience: A Missing Variable in the Study of Political Transformation

Village elections in China have engendered a major debate among students of Chinese politics. At the center of the debate is the nature of elections in rural China and their impact on people's voting behavior. While some argue that the introduction of semi competitive elections in rural China has altered people's voting behavior, other scholars deny any meaningful change in people's voting behavior, finding that the nature of elec tions in rural China remains unchanged. The sharp contrast between these two schools of thought has pushed students of Chinese politics to reach diverse conclusions about the implications of rural elections for political development in China.1 A careful review of studies on village elections suggests that both observations on people's voting behavior might be correct, but they might have captured people's voting behavior at different stages of this important political development. Both sides assume that if elections are real, people will grasp the opportunity immediately to pur sue their interests. In real life, however, people may not necessarily act this way. Voters usually need some time to understand the meaning and implication of such reforms. In a closed political environment, reliable information is rarely available from the media. Voters must rely on themselves to acquire such critical information. Thus, the rationale for people to vote before they have had any direct or indirect personal experience of elections may differ from that after they have personally experienced them. Up to now, little attention has been paid to the impact of political experience on people's vot ing behavior. The contrasting findings on villagers' turnout in village committee elections can be synthesized in a two-stage political learning theory of people's voting behavior. When elections were available for the first time, inexperienced voters sought information on the intention of the regime in introducing elections and the benefits they might pursue through such elections. Their decision to vote was shaped primarily by their capacity to figure out the regime's intentions and assess whether they could pursue any goals through elections. Once voters learned from their own experience, accumulated through either active participation or passive observation, that they could pursue certain goals through these elections, their learning process entered into a second stage. At this stage, decisions to vote depended on whether voters knew how to pursue their goals effec tively through elections. If learning at the first stage concentrates on whether elections 103