Study Of Basal Cell Carcinoma Research Articles

Development of a core outcome set for basal cell carcinoma

There is variation in the outcomes reported in clinical studies of basal cell carcinoma. This can prevent effective meta-analyses from answering important clinical questions. To identify a recommended minimum set of core outcomes for basal cell carcinoma clinical trials. Patient and professional Delphi process to cull a long list, culminating in a consensus meeting. To be provisionally accepted, outcomes needed to be deemed important (score, 7-9, with 9 being the maximum) by 70% of each stakeholder group. Two hundred thirty-five candidate outcomes identified via a systematic literature review and survey of key stakeholders were reduced to 74 that were rated by 100 health care professionals and patients in 2 Delphi rounds. Twenty-seven outcomes were provisionally accepted. The final core set of 5 agreed-upon outcomes after the consensus meeting included complete response; persistent or serious adverse events; recurrence-free survival; quality of life; and patient satisfaction, including cosmetic outcome. English-speaking patients and professionals rated outcomes extracted from English language studies. A core outcome set for basal cell carcinoma has been developed. The use of relevant measures may improve the utility of clinical research and the quality of therapeutic guidance available to clinicians.

Rare, Protein-Altering Variants in AS3MT and Arsenic Metabolism Efficiency: A Multi-Population Association Study.

Background:Common genetic variation in the arsenic methyltransferase (AS3MT) gene region is known to be associated with arsenic metabolism efficiency (AME), measured as the percentage of dimethylarsinic acid (DMA%) in the urine. Rare, protein-altering variants in AS3MT could have even larger effects on AME, but their contribution to AME has not been investigated.Objectives:We estimated the impact of rare, protein-coding variation in AS3MT on AME using a multi-population approach to facilitate the discovery of population-specific and shared causal rare variants.Methods:We generated targeted DNA sequencing data for the coding regions of AS3MT for three arsenic-exposed cohorts with existing data on arsenic species measured in urine: Health Effects of Arsenic Longitudinal Study (HEALS, ), Strong Heart Study (SHS, ), and New Hampshire Skin Cancer Study (NHSCS, ). We assessed the collective effects of rare (allele frequency ), protein-altering AS3MT variants on DMA%, using multiple approaches, including a test of the association between rare allele carrier status (yes/no) and DMA% using linear regression (adjusted for common variants in 10q24.32 region, age, sex, and population structure).Results:We identified 23 carriers of rare-protein-altering AS3MT variant across all cohorts (13 in HEALS and 5 in both SHS and NHSCS), including 6 carriers of predicted loss-of-function variants. DMA% was 6–10% lower in carriers compared with noncarriers in HEALS [ (95% CI: , )], SHS [ (95% CI: , )], and NHSCS [ (95% CI: , )]. In meta-analyses across cohorts, DMA% was 8.7% lower in carriers [ (95% CI: , )].Discussion:Rare, protein-altering variants in AS3MT were associated with lower mean DMA%, an indicator of reduced AME. Although a small percentage of the population (0.5–0.7%) carry these variants, they are associated with a 6–10% decrease in DMA% that is consistent across multiple ancestral and environmental backgrounds. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP8152

Clinicopathological study of basal cell carcinoma over a period of nine years- from Uttar Pradesh

Introduction: Basal cell carcinoma is the most common type of skin cancer and occurs mostly in the head and neck region in middle age to elderly people. It has varied clinical presentation and also many morphologic/histopathologic subtypes. Aim of the Study: To study the spectrum of basal cell carcinomas in our institute over a nine year period. Materials and Methods: This was a prospective study carried out at Subharti Medical College, Meerut, Uttar Pradesh, over a period of nine years. All the basal cell carcinomas reported during this period were studied for clinical presentation, demographic details, anatomical location of tumor, macroscopic and microscopic appearance. Results: A total of 28 cases of BCC were reported. The patient age ranged from 14 to 85 years and the male to female ratio was 2.1:1. Most of the cases occurred over 40 years and all the tumors occurred in the facial region. Clinically, ulcerative and nodular presentation was more common. One case of nevoid BCC syndrome was also seen. Conclusion: Basal cell carcinoma commonly occurs in the face region and its incidence increases with advancing age. It has varied clinical presentations and histologic subtypes. Early diagnosis gives better prognosis. Basal cell carcinoma in a young person or child should be evaluated for nevoid BCC syndrome. Keywords: Basal cell carcinoma, Histologic subtypes of BCC, Nevoid BCC syndrome.

The potential of terahertz sensing for cancer diagnosis

The terahertz (THz) region lies between the microwave and infrared regions of the electromagnetic (EM) spectrum such that it is strongly attenuated by water and very sensitive to water content. Here, we numerically present what is to our knowledge the detecting system based on THz reflectance spectral responses data in the diagnosis of in vivo and ex vivo of some cancer's samples such as skin, breast and colon cancer tissue samples. The numerical analysis on the use of semiconductor metamaterial design/device as a complex refractive index (CRI) biosensor have been carried out. We demonstrate the application of terahertz pulse detecting (TPD) in reflection geometry for the study of normal and cancerous biological tissues. THz radiation has very low photon energy and thus it does not pose any ionization hazard for biological tissues. The sensitivity of THz radiation to polar molecules, such as water, makes TPD suitable to study the diseases in human body. By studying the THz pulse shape in the time domain, we have been able to differentiate between diseased and normal tissue for the study of basal cell carcinoma (BCC), breast and colon cancers. These results demonstrate the potential of TPD for the study of skin tissue and its related disorders, both in vivo and ex vivo. Findings of this study demonstrate the potential of TPD to depict breast and colon cancers and both in vivo and ex vivo of skin cancer and encourage further studies to determine the sensitivity and specificity of the technique.

Clinical study of basal cell carcinoma on the face: a 5-year retrospective study of 70 cases in a teaching hospital

Clinical study of basal cell carcinoma on the face: a 5-year retrospective study of 70 cases in a teaching hospital

Pilot epidemiological study of basal cell carcinoma in Melaka

Background: This study was conceptualized to be a stepping stone for analysis of BCC in Melaka.
 Aims and Objective: To analyse the incidence of BCC in Melaka and analyse the distribution of age, gender, ethnicity, localization of lesion and treatment done.
 Materials and Methods: A retrospective analysis on patients who were diagnosed and treated for BCC was conducted in the Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Hospital Melaka from January 2013 until March 2019.
 Result: There were 152 patients diagnosed with BCCs (N=152) involving 80 women (52.6%) and 72 men (47.4%) over the study period. The patients were aged between 18–92 years with average age for women were 66.2 years and 66.1 tears for men. The majority of cases, 134 (88.2%) were located on the head and neck region. The most common ethnic group to be affected by BCC is the Chinese with 78 (51.3%) followed by Malays at 72 (47.4%) and 1 (0.7%) for Indians and 1 (0.7%) for other minor ethnic group. There were 89 (58.6%) patients underwent excision only whilst 63 (41.4%) patients underwent excision with reconstruction either with skin grafting or local flap.
 Conclusion: Basal cell carcinoma is a common cutaneous malignancy. The local demographics of patients with BCC in Melaka are similar to that in the literature. We hope with the data provided, it will facilitate better outcome treatment of BCC not just in our local setting but elsewhere worldwide.

A Clinical Study of Basal Cell Carcinoma.

Introduction:Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) is a non-melanocytic skin malignancy arising from basal cells of epidermis or follicular structures. Etiology of BCC is a multifactorial combination of genotype, phenotype, and environmental factors. There are several clinical variants of BCC including nodular, cystic, superficial, morphoeic, keratotic, pigmented and micronodular.Aim:The aim of our study was to analyze the recent clinical trends of basal cell carcinoma by reviewing a single institution’s experience.Methods:Total number of 422 patients clinically diagnosed with basal cell carcinoma were included in the study. Data on age, gender, skin type, personal and family history, duration of disease, localization of lesions, clinical type of lesions, and recurrence rate were collected and analyzed. The data were statistically evaluated.Results:More than 80% of all BCC’s were located on sun-exposed skin areas (p<0.05).The male /female ratio was 1:0.92. The nodular BCC was the most frequent type (59.2%), followed by the superficial (16.1%), pigmented (15.2%) and morphoeic (9.5%) types. The nodular and pigmented types were predominant located on the head and neck, whereas the trunk was the most common location for the superficial type (p<0.05). The tumor is commonly found in concomitance with skin lesion related to chronic sun exposure, such as actinic keratoses, solar lentigines and facial telangiectasia. During this study period, 41 cases showed recurrence of the cancer as the overall recurrence rate was 9.7%. There were no cases with metastasis or fatal outcome.Conclusions:The factors related to the development of BCC were older age and exposure to ultraviolet rays both in recreational and in occupational form. The prevention of BCC is based on the knowledge of risk factors, early diagnosis and treatment, particularly in susceptible populations.

Dermoscopy Patterns and Histopathological Findings in Nodular Basal Cell Carcinoma-Study on 68 Cases.

Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) is the most common skin cancer, with an increasing incidence in Europe particularly in young individuals. Nodular basal cell carcinoma is the most common subtype and accounts for approximately 57.6-78.7% of all BCCs. We performed an observational, morphological study which involved 68 patients with the diagnosis of nodular BCC. The localization and diameter of the lesion, histological subtype of the lesion, dermoscopic patterns, Fitzpatrick skin type and sex of each patient were recorded. The most common dermoscopic pattern seen in nodular BCCs was irregular vascularity and, arborizing vessels (>0.2mm in diameter) being the most frequent irregular vascular pattern. The second most common dermoscopic feature in patients with nodular BCCs was translucency. The most common dermoscopic features of the 12 pigmented BCCs were: pigmented islands (blue-gray globules and blue-gray ovoid nests); the pigmented distribution pattern (with (maple leaf-like structures and spoke wheel-like areas); arborizing vessels and white streaks/white areas. The histopathological analysis of the 68 BCCs revealed that the nodular type was the most frequently identified for 71.7% of cases The differential diagnosis between basal cell carcinoma and other skin lesions and inflammatory skin diseases is very important, since serious morbidity may result from an undiagnosed tumor.

Pathway analysis of expression-related SNPs on genome-wide association study of basal cell carcinoma.

Genome-wide association studies (GWASs) have primarily focused on the association between individual genetic markers and risk of disease. We applied a novel approach that integrates skin expression-related single-nucleotide polymorphisms (eSNPs) and pathway analysis for GWAS of basal cell carcinoma (BCC) to identify potential novel biological pathways. We evaluated the associations between 70,932 skin eSNPs and risk of BCC among 2,323 cases and 7,275 controls of European ancestry, and then assigned them to the pathways defined by KEGG, GO, and BioCarta databases. Three KEGG pathways (colorectal cancer, actin cytoskeleton, and BCC), two GO pathways (cellular component disassembly in apoptosis, and nucleus organization), and four BioCarta pathways (Ras signaling, T cell receptor signaling, natural killer cell-mediated cytotoxicity, and links between Pyk2 and Map Kinases) showed significant association with BCC risk with p-value<0.05 and FDR<0.2. These pathways also ranked at top in sensitivity analyses. Two positive controls in KEGG, the hedgehog pathway and the BCC pathway, showed significant association with BCC risk in both main and sensitivity analyses. Our results indicate that SNPs that are undetectable by conventional GWASs are significantly associated with BCC when tested as pathways. Biological studies of these gene groups suggest their potential roles in the etiology of BCC.

A 13-year retrospective study of basal cell carcinoma in a Canadian population: A comparison between anatomical location and histopathologic subtypes

A 13-year retrospective study of basal cell carcinoma in a Canadian population: A comparison between anatomical location and histopathologic subtypes

Skin Cancer Risk Is Modified by KIR/HLA Interactions That Influence the Activation of Natural Killer Immune Cells.

Natural killer (NK)-cell phenotype is partially mediated through binding of killer-cell immunoglobulin-like receptors (KIR) with HLA class I ligands. The KIR gene family is highly polymorphic and not well captured by standard genome-wide association study approaches. Here, we tested the hypothesis that variations in KIR gene content combined with HLA class I ligand status is associated with keratinocyte skin cancers using a population-based study of basal cell carcinoma (BCC) and squamous cell carcinomas (SCC). We conducted an interaction analysis of KIR gene content variation and HLA-B (Bw4 vs. Bw6) and HLA-C (C1 vs. C2). KIR centromeric B haplotype was associated with significant risk of multiple BCC tumors (OR, 2.39; 95% confidence interval, 1.10-5.21), and there was a significant interaction between HLA-C and the activating gene KIR2DS3 for BCC (Pinteraction = 0.005). Furthermore, there was significant interaction between HLA-B and telomeric KIR B haplotype (containing the activating genes KIR3DS1 and KIR2DS1) as well as HLA-B and the activating KIR gene KIR2DS5 (Pinteraction 0.001 and 0.012, respectively). Similar but greatly attenuated associations were observed for SCC. Moreover, previous in vitro models demonstrated that p53 is required for upregulation of NK ligands, and accordingly, we observed there was a strong association between the KIR B haplotype and p53 alteration in BCC tumors, with a higher likelihood that KIR B carriers harbor abnormal p53 (P < 0.004). Taken together, our data suggest that functional interactions between KIR and HLA modify risks of BCC and SCC and that KIR encoded by the B genes provides selective pressure for altered p53 in BCC tumors.

A study of basal cell carcinoma in South Asians for risk factor and clinicopathological characterization: A hospital based study

A study of basal cell carcinoma in South Asians for risk factor and clinicopathological characterization: A hospital based study

Epidemiological study of basal cell carcinoma between 2010 and 2013, at a dermatology reference hospital in the city of Bauru, São Paulo State, Brazil

Introduction: Basal cell carcinoma is the most common skin cancer and corresponds to 70-80% of all malignant neoplasms of the skin. It is emerging as a globa...

Epidemiologic and pathologic characteristics of basal cell carcinoma in northern Taiwan: Experience from a medical center

Background: The epidemiologic studies of basal cell carcinoma (BCC) in Taiwan are lacking. Aim: This study aimed to provide the epidemiologic and pathologic information of BCC among the northern Taiwanese population and try to identify the association of patient demographic characteristics with histopathological findings. Materials and Methods: We retrospectively analyzed 103 BCC cases diagnosed between December 1985 and December 2011 at the Tri-Service General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan. The patients' age and sex, and anatomic distribution, subtype, depth, and pigmentation of the lesions were analyzed. Results: Of the patients, 59 were men and 44 were women (male-to-female ratio, 1.34). The overall mean age was 69.5 ± 12.91 years; with the mean age of the women lower than that of the men (66.9 vs. 71.4 years). The frequency of microscopic pigmentation in BCC was 52.4%. Nodular BCC was more inclined to develop microscopic pigmentation. The BCCs with depths greater than 3.3 mm tended to have no microscopic pigmentation. Superficial BCCs tended to involve the trunk and to occur in people younger than 60 years of age. Conclusions: This updated analysis study of BCC showed the mean age of BCC had a trend to increase in northern Taiwan. The male-to-female ratio in our study was slightly higher than those of other Asian countries. We suggest that excision of BCC without pigmentation could be deeper than pigmented BCC.

A Study of Basal Cell Carcinoma in South Asians for Risk Factor and Clinicopathological Characterization: A Hospital Based Study

Objectives. Although the incidence of skin cancers in India (part of South Asia) is low, the absolute number of cases may be significant due to large population. The existing literature on BCC in India is scant. So, this study was done focusing on its epidemiology, risk factors, and clinicopathological aspects. Methods. A hospital based cross-sectional study was conducted in Punjab, North India, from 2011 to 2013. History, examination and histopathological confirmation were done in all the patients visiting skin department with suspected lesions. Results. Out of 36 confirmed cases, 63.9% were females with mean ± SD age being 60.9 ± 14.2 years. Mean duration of disease was 4.7 years. Though there was statistically significant higher sun exposure in males compared to females (P value being 0.000), BCC was commoner in females, explainable by intermittent sun exposure (during household work in the open kitchens) in women. Majority of patients (88.9%) had a single lesion. Head and neck region was involved in 97.2% of cases, with nose being the commonest site (50%) with nodular/noduloulcerative morphology in 77.8% of cases. Pigmentation was evident in 22.2% of cases clinically. Nodular variety was the commonest histopathological variant (77.8%). Conclusions. This study highlights a paradoxically increasing trend of BCC with female preponderance, preferential involvement of nose, and higher percentage of pigmentation in Indians.

Integrating pathway analysis and genetics of gene expression for genome-wide association study of basal cell carcinoma.

Genome-wide association studies (GWASs) have primarily focused on marginal effects for individual markers and have incorporated external functional information only after identifying robust statistical associations. We applied a new approach combining the genetics of gene expression and functional classification of genes to the GWAS of basal cell carcinoma (BCC) to identify potential biological pathways associated with BCC. We first identified 322,324 expression-associated single-nucleotide polymorphisms (eSNPs) from two existing GWASs of global gene expression in lymphoblastoid cell lines (n=955), and evaluated the association of these functionally annotated SNPs with BCC among 2,045 BCC cases and 6,013 controls in Caucasians. We then grouped them into 99 KEGG pathways for pathway analysis and identified two pathways associated with BCC with p value <0.05 and false discovery rate (FDR) <0.5: the autoimmune thyroid disease pathway (mainly HLA class I and II antigens, p<0.001, FDR=0.24) and Janus kinase-signal transducer and activator of transcription (JAK-STAT) signaling pathway (p=0.02, FDR=0.49). Seventy-nine (25.7%) out of 307 significant eSNPs in the JAK-STAT pathway were associated with BCC risk (p<0.05) in an independent replication set of 278 BCC cases and 1,262 controls. In addition, the association of JAK-STAT signaling pathway was marginally validated using 16,691 eSNPs identified from 110 normal skin samples (p=0.08). Based on the evidence of biological functions of the JAK-STAT pathway on oncogenesis, it is plausible that this pathway is involved in BCC pathogenesis.

Abstract 2744: SNP-SNP interaction between a microRNA and its target gene increases risk of non-melanoma skin cancer

Abstract Functional genetic variation in microRNA's has the potential to broadly impact disease processes given the large number of gene targets per microRNA. To date, there are only a few examples of functionally verified mirSNPs; among them is rs2910164 contained in the pre-mir-146a. mir-146a is an important modulator of immune responses, and therefore is of interest for non-melanoma skin cancer (NMSC), a highly antigenic cancer. Using a large population-based case control study of basal cell carcinoma (BCC) and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) in New Hampshire, we investigated the impact of this mirSNP on cancer risk, and potential interaction with one of its gene targets (RNASEL, rs486907). While there was no observed risk associated with the C allele of the mir-146a SNP (ORBCC = 0.91, 95% CI 0.74 – 1.10), ORSCC=1.06, 95% CI 0.86 – 1.30), there was a significant interaction between sunburn history and the mirSNP for BCC (pinteraction=0.002). In addition, there was strong interaction between the mir-146a SNP and genetic variation in its target gene RNASEL (BCC, pinteraction=0.01, SCC pinteraction=0.003). Importantly, our study is among the first to demonstrate snp-snp interaction in a microRNA and its target gene. Further, these data imply that RNASEL, an enzyme involved in cellular and viral RNA turnover, is controlled by this miRNA and that this process is important in skin cancer etiology. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 2744. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-2744

Deiodination and Cellular Proliferation: Parallels between Development, Differentiation, Tumorigenesis, and Now Regeneration

Deiodination and Cellular Proliferation: Parallels between Development, Differentiation, Tumorigenesis, and Now Regeneration

A Case of External Region Basal Cell Carcinoma The Study of Basal Cell Carcinoma for Past 15 Years in Our Department

A Case of External Region Basal Cell Carcinoma The Study of Basal Cell Carcinoma for Past 15 Years in Our Department

A study of basal cell carcinoma of the inner canthus, 1967–72

Basal cell carcinoma was the commonest malignant lesion at the inner canthus. Reconstruction following excision was most commonly achieved with a post-auricular full thickness graft. Provided excision is adequate, a local flap is a good alternative. There is no evidence that the use of a graft increased recurrence, but it may have allowed earlier detection. The primary recurrence rate after primary surgical excision was 3.6 per cent. Recurrence occurred in several cases when histology indicated incomplete excision. Follow-up under these circumstances should be continued for up to 10 years. When adequate primary surgical excision was performed, there was no evidence that rodent ulcer of the inner canthus behaves differently or has a worse prognosis than at other sites. There has probably been undue concern in the past about epiphora following resection of the lacrimal drainage system.