Knowledge Of Students Research Articles

Secondary school students’ understanding of circular economy and recycling at a small rural school

Biology education plays a crucial role in bridging the gap between science and society. This is of high interest and relevance for several reasons helping students to become biologically literate and understanding basic biological concepts and principles as healthcare, environmental issues, and sustainability. The aim of this study was to investigate the understanding of the 9<sup>th</sup> grade and the 12<sup>th</sup> grade students regarding circular economy and recycling. To achieve the objectives, a study was conducted with the convenience sample, involving students from a rural school. The sample was made up of 27 students, including 17 students from the 9<sup>th</sup> grade and 10 students from the 12<sup>th</sup> grade. The prior knowledge of students was assessed by the tool of drawing on the topic of the circular economy and recycling. A two-hour training module was created and carried out, including several practical tasks followed by fulfilling the compliant worksheets. The effectiveness of the module was assessed by the questionnaire focused on the new information received during the module and the general feedback of the module was gathered from the students. The results were analyzed using qualitative content analysis and descriptive quantitative research methods. The findings revealed that the understanding of circular economy and recycling among the 9<sup>th</sup> grade and the 12<sup>th</sup> grade students was different, expressed in the categories of pre-knowledge and the secondary school students are aware of the importance and purpose of circular economy and recycling. The differences appaired in the students’ obtained knowledge and changed attitudes of the 9<sup>th</sup> grade and the 12<sup>th</sup> grade students and the improvement of attitudes and willingness to behave in a sustainable way surpassed the increase of understanding of term “circular economy”.<i> </i>

Successful Practices of Novice Urban Physical Education Teachers

Purpose: Guided by the cultural relevance cycle, this study examined experiences of two novice physical education teachers in urban schools. We focused on successes that teachers encountered while navigating their novice years. Methods: Two purposefully sampled participants completed five journal entries and five semistructured interviews lasting between 45 and 90 min each. To promote trustworthiness, we utilized multiple coders, a peer debriefer, and triangulated data from multiple sources. Participants reviewed themes and responded to researchers’ interpretations. Results: We present the results through three major themes. The first theme involves knowledge of students and community. The second theme describes belonging in the school and community, and the third theme discusses curricular realignment. Discussion and Conclusion: By focusing on elements that empowered novice teachers to find success, initial teacher preparation programs and in-service teacher mentoring programs in urban school districts might identify teaching experiences that may contribute to novice teacher retention.

Effect of environmental education on the knowledge and attitude of some West African students in Northern Cyprus towards environmental health

ABSTRACT This study examines the relationship between environmental health and education by assessing how environmental education programs influence the attitude and knowledge of International university students in Northern Cyprus towards environmental health. The study employed a qualitative research method and utilized 45 international students from West Africa to grasp their perceptions of environmental challenges on campus, attitude-relevant elements, and their relationship to an academic program. The findings of the study show that most students were aware of the concept of environmental science and highlight that while the curriculum has a significant influence on students’ ecological consciousness, teaching methods have an impact on students’ attitudes toward the environment. The study also presented the complex nature of environmental programs, lack of exciting teaching strategies, and interdisciplinary approaches as major challenges hindering better student attitudes towards environmental science. The study suggests integrating environmental health into the curriculum to assess educational impacts on student attitudes.

Drawing a line from CO2 emissions to health—evaluation of medical students’ knowledge and attitudes towards climate change and health following a novel serious game: a mixed-methods study

BackgroundEducation is urgently needed to equip medical students with knowledge, values and skills to promote planetary health. However, the current literature offers little insight into evidence-based approaches and best practices. In response to this pressing need, a novel serious game was introduced into the medical curriculum at Erasmus Medical Center in 2023. The aim of this study was to evaluate the knowledge and attitudes of medical students after they had played a serious game that addresses climate change and health.MethodsIn accordance with a mixed-methods design, quantitative data were collected using pre- and post-intervention surveys. Differences were assessed using the Wilcoxon signed rank test. Focus group discussions were held after the game and thematically analysed.ResultsOne hundred forty-five students (38.6% of the entire cohort) played the game, of which 59 students completed the pre- and post-intervention surveys. After the game, self-reported knowledge increased. Regarding objective knowledge, an increase in the proportion of students who answered one of the two questions correctly was observed, while the proportion of correct responses decreased for the other question. Student’s responses to two out of five attitude questions were significantly more positive. The proportion of students who recognized the importance of climate change education, to inform patients and society about the health impacts of climate change, increased. Moreover, survey results indicated a significant increase in climate worry subsequent to the game. Eleven students participated in the focus group discussions. Thematic analysis highlighted participants’ reflections on the roles and responsibilities in climate change and health, along with their realisation of the tools for action that climate and health co-benefits provide. Another significant aspect was the importance participants placed on learning alongside peers with diverse attitudes. Additionally, participants appreciated the tangible overview of climate change and health provided by the serious game.ConclusionsOur novel serious game addressed an important gap in the medical curriculum. The game can enable medical students to cultivate the necessary knowledge and attitudes to promote health in times of a climate crisis. The accompanying climate worry needs attention through the empowerment of students’ agency to foster change.

EDUCATIONAL DATA MINING AND LEARNING ANALYTICS: TEXT GENERATORS USAGE EFFECT ON STUDENTS’ GRADES

Today, various types of data are constantly growing, so they can be used for different purposes. In this investigation, educational data has been analyzed to determine the influence of assessment on student knowledge. The newly collected dataset has been prepared and statistically analyzed. The dataset consists of open-question answers collected on one study subject during the midterm exam at Vilnius Gediminas Technical University. The results of the statistical analysis have shown that by using the text generators, students obtained higher grades by paraphrasing the answers to the questions in good quality. Furthermore, research has shown which types of questions are more difficult for students to answer without additional material and using text generation tools. It can be useful for lecturers planning course assessment tasks.

Penyuluhan dan Pelatihan Mengenai Kesehatan Gigi dan Mulut Kepada Siswa/i SDN Tanjung Duren Selatan 01 Pagi

Oral health needs to be considered from an early age. The behavior of maintaining dental and oral health is supported by knowledge. Dental and oral health education is one of the efforts made to increase elementary school age children's knowledge and behavior about dental and oral health. The aim of this program is to determine the knowledge of students in grades 4 and 6 at SDN Tanjung Duren Selatan 01 Pagi after dental and oral health education. This study used a descriptive observational method with a cross sectional design. The sampling technique is purposive sampling. The sample for describing knowledge was 139 students in grades 4 and 6 of SDN Tanjung Duren Selatan 01 Pagi. The knowledge of grade 4 and 6 students at SDN Tanjung Duren Selatan 01 Morning before dental and oral health education was in the poor category. After the education was carried out, the understanding and knowledge of grade 4 and 6 students at SDN Tanjung Duren Selatan 01 Pagi increased. Student knowledge regarding the frequency of brushing their teeth, the use of toothpaste containing fluoride and the consumption of cariogenic foods has increased after the dental and oral health education.

Brazilian undergraduates' and dentists' knowledge on preventing, diagnosing and managing dentin hypersensitivity: A cross-sectional questionnaire study.

To analyse the knowledge of dental undergraduates and dentists on the prevention, diagnosis and management of dentin hypersensitivity (DH); to compare their knowledge scores; and to understand the related variables using a regression model. An original online questionnaire investigated the attitudes, self-reported knowledge ('how much they thought they knew') and real knowledge ('how much they really knew') of 132 students and 338 dentists. Data were analysed descriptively, both knowledge scores were compared using Mann-Whitney and Wilcoxon signed-rank tests and data were subjected to two multiple linear regression analyses considering real knowledge scores as the dependent variable (α < 0.05). The self-reported knowledge on DH was higher than the real knowledge for both students and dentists, but dentists presented the highest scores. Gingival recession and acidic diet were reported as the main predisposing factors for DH by undergraduates and dentists. Students normally managed DH with dietary and hygiene instructions followed by a desensitizing agent application, while dentists managed with occlusal adjustments. The mechanism of glutaraldehyde/HEMA and bioactive fillers on DH is widely unknown by students and dentists. The majority of the questioned individuals cannot differentiate DH from sensitivity of caries or molar-incisor hypomineralization. Both students and dentists overestimate their knowledge of DH, revealing deficiencies in prevention, diagnosis and management. Students' knowledge improves towards the end of the Dentistry course, while younger dentists and PhD holders are more knowledgeable. Institutions should implement ongoing DH education for undergraduates and conduct interventions for experienced professionals, especially older ones.

Challenges and prospects for teaching ocean literacy in Brazilian schools

This study took as a case study the perspective of teachers working in the State of Rio de Janeiro by 53 interviews to investigate the challenges and prospects of including content about the ocean in Brazilian school classrooms. The data were subjected to content analysis and explored quantitatively using Descending Hierarchical Classification (DHC) and Factor Correspondence Analysis (FCA) of word and terms used by teachers in their discourse. The main difficulties reported in including themes related to the ocean and marine environments in classes were the absence of OL in the school curriculum and university education, as well as the limited time to work on these subjects in classes, which is in line with the challenges faced by teachers from other countries. On the other hand, Brazilian teachers cited particular problems of Brazilian formal education, such as the need for professional development, support for an education with an interdisciplinary emphasis, and provision of financial resources for schools. However, DHC analysis also indicates strong connection of the teachers with the ocean due to sea fascination (24% of the answers in the textual corpus), spiritual and emotional connection (26.7%), leisure (22.7%) and professional interest (26.7%). Furthermore, the textual corpus also identified that teachers recognize the importance of teaching marine topics due to: students live in coastal areas (32.2%), the provision of ecosystem services (19.9%), preservation issues (34.2%), and limited student knowledge on these themes (13.7%). These data can help formulate educational policies to mitigate OL teaching barriers in Brazilian schools.

Using Interactive Maps as a Means of Developing Fundamental Mathematical Knowledge

Introduction. Mathematics as a science and academic discipline has rich educational potential. However, due to the lack of motivation among students to master it, difficulties often arise in acquiring fundamental mathematical knowledge. The author believes that questions of the history of mathematics can help to understand how this discipline has developed over the centuries, how it influences modern life, and the tools of the digital educational environment will make it possible to do this in an accessible and understandable interactive form. The aim of the study is to present a way to use digital interactive maps as a means of developing deep mathematical knowledge in students, based on historical aspects of mathematical theory. Methodology: analysis of psychological and pedagogical literature on the research topic, generalization of many years of experience in training future teachers of mathematics and computer science, results of organizing design and research activities of students at Leningrad State University named after A. S. Pushkin (Saint Petersburg). The digital interactive map presented by the author is based on substantive aspects of the development of mathematics from the history of the Saint Petersburg mathematical school. Results. Digital interactive maps are characterized as an option for a teacher to use the functionality of a digital educational environment to fundamentalize students’ mathematical training. Interactive maps increase studentsʼ interest in educational material, integrate various types of data, use various interactivity tools, are the basis for providing detailed reference information, provide productive interaction with the map, and others. The author presents an example of creating an interactive map that reflects various locations in Saint Petersburg associated with historical aspects of the development of mathematical theory. Conclusions. A conclusion is made about the methodologically justified creation and use by the teacher of materials on the history of mathematics for the development of students’ system of fundamental mathematical knowledge, the formation of interest in the subject, the patriotic education of students, which together contributes to the conscious study of each individual topic of the school and university mathematics course, a deep immersion in the essence tasks to be solved.

Knowledge, attitudes, and behavior of students about iron supplementation to prevent stunting

Background: The Indonesian government is trying to achieve the target of one of the indicators of the Sustainable Development Goals, namely stunting. Stunting is a chronic condition that occurs due to risk factors for malnutrition in women of childbearing age who are menstruating. One indicator of malnutrition in women is anaemia. Objective: Women of childbearing age should routinely use iron supplements to replace blood loss during menstruation to avoid anaemia. Knowledge about stunting and iron should be the basis of positive and negative attitudes that significantly affect individual behaviour. Method: When collecting data, a cross-sectional questionnaire study was tested for validity and reliability. Result: Respondents needed more knowledge about stunting than positive behaviour and favourable attitudes towards iron supplementation. Furthermore, there was a correlation between knowledge and attitudes (p &lt; 0.001; r = 0.479), then the relationship between knowledge and behaviour has an important relationship (p = 0.003; r = 0.207), and the relationship between attitudes and behaviour was significant (p &lt; 0.001; r = 0.476). Conclusion: Education is needed to increase respondents’ knowledge; hence, respondents can have more positive attitudes if they are educated, which will increase compliance.

Impact of Connectivism on Knowledge and Willingness of Students in Higher Education

This study investigates the impact of connectivism on knowledge acquisition and the willingness of higher education students to apply that knowledge in practical settings. Using an experimental design, it investigates how connectivism manifests in learning processes, particularly focusing on a collaborative online international session (COIL) with 92 business management students from the UAE and South Korea. These students participated in a COIL session aimed at enhancing their understanding of diversity and inclusion management concepts. The study utilized an independent t-test to evaluate the effectiveness of COIL, comparing groups exposed to different modes of participation (connectivism mode and nonconnectivism mode). The results highlight connectivism’s role in increasing students’ willingness to utilize acquired knowledge. As a connectivism approach, COIL proves pivotal in applying learning practically. This research offers significant insights for curriculum designers, educators, and scholars, demonstrating the impact of social connectivism on learning enhancement. It provides valuable information for incorporating connectivism into traditional educational models, thereby enriching the theoretical and methodological understanding of the relationship between connectivism, COIL, knowledge acquisition, and application willingness. This study is particularly relevant for educators looking to integrate innovative methods in their teaching and expand the scope of knowledge and skill development for future work.

Assessing nutrition-related knowledge, attitudes, and practices towards breast cancer prevention among female students at the Federal University of Oye-Ekiti, Nigeria

BackgroundBreast cancer remains a complex disease and leading cause of cancer-related death in Nigerian women. Recently, the role of nutrition has been highlighted in the etiology of breast cancer.MethodsThe aim of this research was to evaluate the nutrition-related knowledge, attitude, and practices of female university students. We also investigated the correlation between their demographic characteristics and their knowledge and attitudes of the survey participants. A descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out among female students at the Federal University of Oye (FUOYE), Nigeria. Participants completed self-administered questionnaires designed to assess their knowledge, attitude, and practices concerning cancer prevention. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS 20, and significance was set at p < 0.05.ResultsOut of the 402 students who received the questionnaire, 300 completed it. The average age of the participants was 21.26 years with a standard deviation of 2.68. There was generally limited knowledge regarding breast cancer risk factors, with 45% of participants citing family history as the most recognized risk factor. Overall, knowledge level was influenced by the participants’ permanent place of residence and course of study. Attitudes towards the impact of maternal and paternal nutrition on breast cancer prevention were notably low. Additionally, less than half of the participants demonstrated good dietary practices.ConclusionThis study revealed low levels of nutrition-related knowledge concerning cancer prevention, accompanied by poor dietary habits among the participants. These results suggest a possible link between inadequate knowledge about breast cancer prevention and the observed poor dietary practices among the participants. The frequent consumption of unhealthy foods among the participants may be a pointer to higher risk of breast cancer in the future, emphasizing a need for health education targeted at this group.

Research on digital informal learning of sports knowledge of Chinese undergraduates

With the development of digital technology, the proportion of time spent on digital informal learning in students’ daily lives is increasing. However, digital informal learning behaviors in sports field have not been fully justified and studied. This article aims to investigate the current situation and influencing factors of digital informal learning of sports knowledge (DIL-S) of Chinese undergraduates. As a cross-sectional study, 401 non-sports undergraduate students from six Chinese universities completed the DIL-S measurement questionnaire. The partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) was constructed to explore association among DIL-S, technology expectancy (TE) and digital competence (DC). Results show that (1) Male students’ cognitive learning (CL) was significantly better than that of females; Senior students’ metacognitive learning (MCL) was significantly better than that of junior students; Sports university students’ cognitive learning, metacognitive learning, and social and motivation learning (SML) were significantly better than that of non-sports university students. (2) Digital competence has a significant positive impact on technology expectancy and digital informal learning of sport knowledge, while technology expectancy has a significant negative impact on digital informal learning of sport knowledge. Based on the results, following conclusions can be made (1) Undergraduates have a strong competence to use digital technology and have a high interest in using digital technology to participate in learning. However, they have a low investment in digital informal learning of sports knowledge fields. (2) Males’ sports knowledge learning consciousness and actual performance are better than girls; Compared with freshmen, senior students have stronger monitoring and planning ability for personal sports knowledge learning; The behavior of digital informal learning of sports knowledge in sports university students is better than that of non-sports university students. (3) Digital competence and technological expectancy are key factors influencing digital informal learning of sport knowledge, with digital competence having the most significant impact. These findings underscore the need to enhance the promotion of digital informal learning among undergraduates and to develop assessments that improve their understanding and knowledge of sports.

Political competence of Croatian secondary school students 2010–2021

Political knowledge and democratic attitudes are recognized in contemporary studies as important dimensions of democratic political culture. Furthermore, knowledge and attitudes can be seen as integral parts of political competence. Unlike other dimensions of political culture such as, for example, political participation, political interest, etc., research on political knowledge and democratic attitudes are more an exception than a rule. This assessment is especially true for Croatia. In this paper, we attempt to address some of these gaps by focusing on the exploration of political competences of Croatian final-year secondary school students. The paper is divided into two major sections. In the first part, we discuss the meaning and importance of political competence for the functioning of democratic political systems. The second part consists of a presentation and discussion of the research results on political knowledge and democratic attitudes of Croatian final-year secondary school students conducted in three time points - 2010, 2015 and 2021. By doing so, we want to detect the levels of political knowledge and democratic attitudes, as well as the possible changes that occurred in these levels during the research period. Finally, we are also interested in the relationship between these two dimensions of political competence.

Blended Learning in Secondary Mathematics: Effects on Student Achievement and Knowledge Retention

This study explores the implementation of blended learning in high school mathematics education in Jordan. The primary objective is to develop a structured framework that integrates traditional classroom methods with digital learning tools to create a more dynamic and effective learning environment. Using a quasi-experimental design, this research evaluates the effectiveness of blended learning strategies in enhancing student understanding, engagement, and retention in mathematics. A sample of high school students from a single institution in Jordan was divided into experimental and control groups, with the former utilizing blended learning techniques and the latter following conventional teaching methods. The results demonstrate significant improvements in the mathematics achievement and retention rates of students in the blended learning group compared to the control group. The study also identifies key components and best practices for successful implementation, offering practical recommendations for educators and policymakers. These findings highlight the potential of blended learning to transform mathematics education by catering to diverse student needs and fostering a more engaging and personalized learning experience.

Knowledge, attitudes, and practices of university students towards risk factors, screening, and perceived barriers of screening regarding colorectal cancer: A multi-country study from the eastern Mediterranean region.

e22543 Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) tends to be diagnosed at a younger age and at a more advanced stage. Knowledge and awareness of CRC and its screening in Middle East are suboptimal, and most countries lack national screening programs. Our objective was to assess the knowledge, attitudes and practices of university students regarding risk factors, screening and perceived barriers to CRC screening in Middle Eastern countries. Methods: A cross-sectional study using a convenience sampling method was done in different universities across ten Middle Eastern countries: Lebanon, Iraq, Syria, Palestine, Egypt, Jordan, Saudi Arabia (KSA), and others (Qatar, United Arab Emirates, Kuwait). Data were collected using a questionnaire shared with students in various universities. It comprised five main sections: socio-demographic characteristics, CRC knowledge, risk factors, symptoms and screening, attitudes, practices and barriers related to CRC screening. The questionnaire developed on the basis of a literature review, was properly translated and validated using factorial and reliability analysis. Results: A total of 4597 students participated in the study with a mean age of 24.28 ± 7.62 years. Participants’ countries of residence were Lebanon 1107 (24.1%), Jordan 811 (17.6%), Iraq 769 (16.7%), Palestine 478 (10.4%), Syria 450 (9.8%), Saudi-Arabia 438 (9.5%), Egypt 499 (10.9%) and others 45 (1.0%). Most participants had heard about CRC (87%). 2491 (54.2%) had first or second -degree relatives diagnosed with cancer. 84.2% of participants intend to undergo CRC screening in the future, however, 25.1% wouldn't pay for the screening if it is not covered by health insurance. The majority of students demonstrated good knowledge of CRC (96.5%), with Egypt demonstrating the highest level (98.2%), followed by Lebanon (97.1%) and Iraq (97.1%), and Jordan the lowest (94%). Factors associated with good knowledge were age (aOR = 1.03; 95%CI: 1.00-1.05), health-related studies (aOR = 2.80; 95%CI = 2.00-3.93), and the participant’s country of residence. The most important barrier to CRC screening in Lebanon was the lack of financial resources with high cost of test (52.6%), lack of health insurance in Syria and Jordan (50.4% and 49.3% respectively), poor counseling from doctors in KSA (52%), and the inadequacy of awareness campaigns in Iraq (57.1%), Egypt (56.1%) and Palestine (55%). Conclusions: Students in the Middle East demonstrate good knowledge of CRC. Nevertheless, they perceive barriers to CRC screening, including limited financial resources, high cost of tests not covered by health insurance, and inadequate awareness campaigns.

Medical students' professionalism attributes, knowledge, practices, and attitudes toward COVID-19 and attitudes toward care provision during pandemic amidst the COVID-19 outbreak according to their demographics and mental health.

This study examines various aspects related to medical professionalism in medical students during coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, focusing on their medical professionalism attributes, KPA (knowledge, practices, and attitudes) toward COVID-19 and attitudes toward provision of care in pandemic. We assessed whether these aspects related to medical professionalism were varied by their demographics and mental health level. Six questionnaires related to medical professionalism were distributed online to medical students in six grades at a single medical school. A one-way analysis of variance was used to examine differences in scores related to medical professionalism based on their demographics, for examples, gender, grade, residence, religion, as well as their mental health levels. Pearson correlation analysis was used to examine correlations between each variable. Female students scored higher on medical professionalism attributes and attitudes toward duty-to-care than male students. Medical professionalism attribute scores were higher with higher relationship satisfaction and resilience levels but lower with higher anxiety levels. Furthermore, these scores were significantly associated with attitudes toward COVID-19 preparedness. However, COVID-19 knowledge and practice scores were negatively associated with attitudes toward COVID-19 preparedness and careers after graduation. Meanwhile, students who took the leave of absence related to 2020 doctors' strike had significantly lower scores on attitudes toward COVID-19 preparedness and duty to care than those who did not. Our findings suggest that mental health of medical students is strongly related to their various aspects related to medical professionalism, especially their attitudes toward COVID-19 preparedness. Good mental health was positively linked to medical professionalism attributes and attitudes toward COVID-19 preparedness. However, knowledge and practice of COVID-19 were negatively associated with willingness to participate in the pandemic response. Additionally, the experience of the 2020 leave of absence impacted the attitudes of medical students toward COVID-19 preparedness (p=0.015) and their duty to care (p=0.012) negatively.

Analisis Kemampuan Menulis Huruf Hijaiyah Pada Siswa Kinestetik Madrasah Aliyah Negeri (MAN) 1 Medan

The study of Arabic language there are four basic skills that must be mastered and the four skills are often heard as maharah, in Arabic language learning has four maharah namely istima' (listening), kalam (speaking), qira'ah (reading), and kitabah (writing). The purpose of this study is to provide an overview to students and teachers about the importance of learning maharah kitabah to Arabic writing. This research uses qualitative research methods and literature review studies. Maharah kitabah is a skill that focuses a person in writing hijaiyah letters from what he thinks from simple things to become an essay or rewrite the writing they have read into a book by following the rules of Arabic writing that are appropriate and relevant. The conclusion in the research that researchers found that the knowledge of students in class X.16 kinesthetic Man 1 Medan is still very lacking regarding the rules of maharah kitabah.

Foreign experience of future veterinarians’ preparation for professional communication

The article analyzes foreign experience in preparing future veterinarians for professional communication. It has been established that the preparation of future veterinarians for professional communication is considered by foreign scientists to be on the same level of importance as a wide range of professional disciplines. The process of communication of specialists in the agricultural sector consists in the formation of skills and professional communication skills, in the exchange of information, in the content of the information itself, which is the main factor in the acquisition and formation of knowledge and skills of students. The work examines the achievements of some European, American, and Australian universities that pay significant attention to the communicative training of students of veterinary medicine. It is noted that this issue requires a more detailed study in view of insufficient dissemination of positive experience, existing practices and effective models of training veterinarians for professional communication that already exist. It was determined that the most attention is paid to communication between colleagues and management of conflict situations. It was found that communication regarding the treatment plan, work conversations, communication in stressful situations, business and professional communication are included in communicative actions in the work process. It has been studied that foreign institutions of higher education pay equal attention to the development of oral and written communication, which allows future specialists to avoid difficulties when communicating with colleagues and clients. It has been established that role-playing games are considered one of the effective means of forming communication skills of specialists, in particular, communication situations with clients. Scientists will pay much less attention to communication with colleagues and other potential interlocutors. The results of the study will contribute to the discussion of ways to improve the organization and conduct of classes in professional disciplines in domestic institutions of higher education.

Socioeconomic Influence on Physical Therapist Student Financial Literacy, Self-Efficacy, Stress, and Anxiety.

Doctor of Physical Therapy (DPT) students have considerable educational debt upon graduation with suspected low levels of financial literacy, limited financial self-efficacy, and elevated stress and anxiety. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationships between financial knowledge, financial anxiety, financial stress, and financial self-efficacy with socioeconomic determinants in DPT students. Five hundred seventy-eight DPT students, surveyed through a cross-sectional sample of convenience. Participants responded to a 40-item demographic questionnaire providing a self-assessment of their current financial literacy, financial self-efficacy, financial anxiety, financial stress, and level of general social support. Pairwise correlations were used to determine the relationship between independent variables and composite scores on self-assessment tools. Multiple regression analyses were conducted to predict financial knowledge, self-efficacy, anxiety, stress, and social support by socioeconomic indicators and educational debt status. While there was a moderate, positive association between presence of debt and financial self-efficacy and financial anxiety for all students (r = .55), there was no statistically significant difference in financial knowledge, self-efficacy, anxiety, stress, or social support for students based on race/ethnicity. There was a negligible to weak correlation between financial knowledge, financial self-efficacy, and level of financial anxiety based on age, race/ethnicity, gender, socioeconomic background, debt load, risk tolerance, and retirement reflection. When subjected to multiple regression analysis, the level of education-related debt could explain a large proportion of the variance in multiple measures, including financial self-efficacy, anxiety, and stress. Economic background explained a large proportion of variance in the general social support students felt. We found a strong, positive correlation between the presence of debt and financial stress and anxiety for all DPT student respondents. While there is no difference in financial literacy and self-efficacy based on race and ethnic background, there is a moderate correlation between self-efficacy and financial anxiety for all students. Education on strategies to manage debt load may reduce both factors.