Student Wastage Research Articles

증강현실을 이용한 대학 e-Learning 실습교육

미술 디자인계열 학과를 개설한 대학의 이러닝 강의는 실습중심의 전공 교과목조차 대부분 이론중심 강의로 운영되고 있다. 심지어 완전 사이버교육을 제공하는 사이버대학교들 조차 실습과목에 대한 사이버학습 운영에 많은 어려움과 한계점을 토로하면서 이론위주로 운영하고 있는 상황이다. 많은 사이버대학교들이 이러한 실습교육의 한계를 극복하기 위해 특강형식으로 일정기간 오프라인에서의 실습교육을 진행하고 있어 결과적으로 학습에 있어서 시간적 공간적 제약을 갖게 되는 학생들의 중도탈락 비율이 점차 증가되고 있다. 본 연구는 대학의 이러닝 환경에서 실습이 필요한 과목의 효율적인 이러닝 실습환경을 제공하는 것에 목표를 두고 증강현실 기반의 실습교육이 기존 강의실 기반의 실습교육에 비해 어느 정도의 학업성취도를 이루어 내는지 알아보는 실험을 수행하였다. 연구대상은 2년제 일반대학교 디자인학부 1학년 84명을 선정하였으며, 3개 분반으로 나뉘어진 전공실습 수업 중 1개 분반에서 증강현실 기반 이러닝 수업을, 2개 분반에서는 강의실기반 실습수업을 각 7주간 처치하였다. 본 연구를 통하여 얻은 결과는 첫째, 이러닝 환경에서 증강현실 기반의 실습수업은 강의실 기반 실습수업보다 학업성취도 면에서 더 효과적이었다. 둘째, 학습 흥미도에 있어서는 증강현실기반의 실습이 수업자체에 대한 흥미를 유발하는 것으로 나타냈다. 셋째, 학습몰입에 있어서 증강현실기반의 실습수업 집단이 더 높은 수준의 몰입을 보였다. 본 연구가 실제 대학교육의 정규과정에서 수행되었다는 점을 고려해 볼 때, 이러한 연구결과는 증강현실기반의 전공 실습교육이 기존의 이론중심 이러닝 강의나 이러닝 환경이지만 별도로 강의실에서 실습을 진행했던 대학들의 수업방식을 보완할 수 있는 대안적 수업방법임을 시사한다. The university e-learning classes give a major focused on practical training in the art and design field are opened such as theory classes. The cyber universities that fully gives on-line classes even open as theory classes. They speak about difficulty and limitation of operating cyber class with practice. So, many of them organize off-line special lecture at the classroom in weekend. In the reason of studying that has the constraints of time and space, the student wastage rates in cyber universities are going higher. This research focused on giving an efficient e-learning practice environment in college e-learning courses, and operated scholastic achievement test between the augmented reality(AR) based practice education and the existing classroom based practice education. The subjects of study were totally 84 people who are the freshmen of the design department in the two-year diploma course college. They were divided 3 groups which one was treated AR based practice e-learning and two others groups were existing classroom based practice. Each of the group took the same treated lecture during 7 weeks. The first of the outcome was the AR based practice e-learning was more effective than existing classroom based practice on the side of scholastic achievement. The second, the AR based practice e-learning aroused increasing in the interest in class on the side of attribute factors. The third, the AR based practice e-learning group made higher level of studying immersion than others. In consideration of this experiment was processed in the regular college academic course, the finding by this research shows AR based major practice e-learning is an alternative lecturing strategy what can be supplemented existing classroom based academic teaching methods.

Prevalence and associated risk factors of Kola nut chewing among secondary school students in Osogbo, Nigeria.

The objectives of this study were to determine the prevalence and pattern of Kola nut use among secondary school students in Osogbo, Osun State, Nigeria. The study also aimed to determine the association of socio-demographic variables (of the students and their parents) with kola nut chewing. A questionnaire consisting of socio-demographic variables, the stimulant use section of the WHO Students Drug Use Questionnaire was administered on three hundred and eighty-five (385) randomly selected students of the two Local Government Areas of Osogbo. The prevalence rate of kola nut use was calculated and some socio demographic variables were determined. The 30-day prevalence rate of kola nut use was 11.2%. The one-year prevalence of kola nut use was 29.1 percent and the lifetime rate was 74.8 percent. Majority of users started at age 14 years or below. Kola nut use was associated with lower age group, poor school attendance, polygamous background, low education of mother, high education of father and the description of mother as being too permissive. The findings suggest the need to increase the awareness of the dangers of kolanut use among adolescents. Control program are urgently needed to prevent student wastage.

Stimulant use among secondary school students in Osogbo, Nigeria

The objectives of this study were to determine the prevalence and pattern of stimulant use and its association with 'brain fag syndrome' among secondary school students in Osogbo, Osun State. The study also aimed to determine the association of socio-demographic variables (of the students and their parents) with stimulant use. A questionnaire consisting of sociodemographic variables, the stimulant use section of the WHO Student Drug Use Questionnaire and the Brain Fag Syndrome Scale (BFSS) was administered on randomly selected students of the two Local Government Areas of Osogbo. The prevalence rates of stimulant use were calculated and the association of stimulant use with Brain Fag Syndrome (BFS) and socio-demographic variables was determined. The 30-day prevalence rate of stimulant use was 20.3%. Users engaged more in the use of common and cheap stimulants (coffee and kola nut). Majority of users started at age 13 years or below. There was a very high relationship between stimulant use and the symptoms of the BFS (p<0.001). Stimulant use was associated with lower age group, poor school attendance, polygamous background, low education of mother, high education of father and the description of mother as being too permissive. The findings suggest the need to increase the awareness of the dangers of stimulant use among students. Control programmes are urgently needed to prevent student wastage.

Never Give up on the Good Times: Student Attrition in the UK*

AbstractThe determinants of students’ propensity to drop out of university are analysed using individual records of all students passing through the central applications process in 1993. The data set comprises about 100,000 individuals and allows a much more thorough analysis of student wastage than has been possible in the past. The main reasons for attrition, academic failure (‘involuntary’ attrition) and ‘voluntary’ dropout, are modelled. The results highlight, inter alia, the importance of matching and peer group effects, both of which have been found to be important determinants of student outcomes in the US but which have been subject to little empirical scrutiny for the UK.

Evaluating the Cost of Wastage Rates: The Case of the University Gaston Berger du Senegal

The author focuses on the cost of student wastage and attrition rates. Based on data at the institutional level from the Universite Gaston Berger at St Louis, Senegal, the article distinguishes between three types of wastages — repeating a year, academic failure and dropping out. Using a cohort methodology, student progress is traced across the first and second cycle of study, which in universities grounded in the French study structure, respectively, last 2 and 4 years. Estimates are made in CFA Francs of the cost failure and early leaving. The article calls for more comparative studies to be carried out on a compatible basis.

Moving branches.

Clinical experience is identified in this comparative study as the most influential factor in student transfer between the Project 2000 specialist branches. Expecting prospective students to have exposure to branch-specific client groups prior to starting their pre-registration education and improving flexibility of transfer between the branches could help to reduce student wastage from the profession as a whole.

Student perceptions of Career Development and Employment Services in Tafe

Career development and employment services in TAFE perform a vital role in terms of providing students with information to make appropriate course and career choices, opportunities to gain work experience, and access to alternative sources of income. This article analyses the findings of a national study of student perceptions of career development and employment services in TAFE. The survey results show that although students rate career development and employment services among the 12 most important support services in TAFE, there is a high degree of dissatisfaction with the current level and quality of provision. The article argues that a significant improvement is required in the provision of career development and employment services if the vocational needs of TAFE students are to be satisfied and student wastage is to be minimised.

Medical student attrition: a 10-year survey in one medical school.

Medical student wastage leads to adverse emotional and social consequences for individual students and financial difficulties and morale problems for medical schools. This study retrospectively assessed the records of all students at Leeds School of Medicine who left the course prematurely between 1983 and 1992. The demographic data of the leavers were compared with those of all students entering the school during the 10 years studied. A-level examination choices and results of the leavers were compared with those of a control group of all students who entered the school in 1990. The attrition rate over the 10 years was 14% (283 students), with more males than females leaving. Fewer mature students than expected left the course. More leavers had A-level physics and lacked A-level biology compared with the control group. The leavers were academically less able than the controls. Fifty-three per cent of leavers were asked to withdraw from the course for academic reasons; the rest left voluntarily. Thirty per cent had personal problems, 9% had a combination of academic and personal problems and 8% had health problems (psychological difficulties were the commonest). Seventy-one per cent of leavers entered another degree course; science degrees were the most popular. Reasons for medical student wastage and possible solutions are discussed.

Project 2000 student wastage: A case study

High wastage rates associated with the nursing profession were a contributory factor driving recent reforms in the form of Project 2000 (P2000). Such changes beg the question: to what extent has this new educational initiative affected current wastage patterns among nursing students? This paper examines whether or not this new initiative is having an effect on student wastage at a first-wave college of nursing, midwifery and health visiting which implemented P2000 in 1989. Thus far, 10 cohorts of students have been admitted on to the course, seven full-time and three part-time. It is hoped other institutions involved in nurse education and training may gain some beneficial insights from the lessons learnt and measures taken to stem wastage at the college described in this case study.

Selection criteria predictive of academic success in the first two years of the integrated diploma in nursing.

Student wastage during basic nursing programmes has been estimated at between 20% and 47% per annum over the last 10 years (Kotze, 1987; SANA, 1983). The training of every student costs the state approximately R13 500 per annum according to an investigation done by the SA Nursing Association in 1987. The economic loss due to the student wastage is therefore significant. At the same time student numbers are declining at a time during which many more nurses are necessary to maintain the ratio of registered nurses to the population (Kotze, 1987). The student wastage therefore also has serious implications for the health services. Since training schools usually receive more applications than can be accommodated as students, the process of selection becomes a key factor in selecting students who will complete the programme and join the professional nursing cadre.

PERFORMANCE INDICATORS IN HIGHER EDUCATION: A SURVEY OF RECENT WORK

This article surveys recent work on the construction of performance indicators in higher education, focusing particular attention on degree results, student wastage and research output. Performance indicators ought to provide measures of value added by the various institutions under review. As such crude measures of output, which fail to take account of input differences across institutions, are inappropriate. So it is necessary to investigate what factors underlie inter-institution differences in measured output, in order to correct for input variations in assessing overall performance. The absence of market prices for teaching and research outputs severely hinders the construction of composite measures of the performance of higher education institutions, since in their absence no objective weights can be assigned to the different roles of these institutions. The resource implications of performance measurement exercises need to be clarified if rankings exercises are to have the desired incentive effects. Copyright 1992 by Oxford University Press.

Determinants of student wastage in higher education

ABSTRACT This paper investigates the possibility of identifying potential non-graduates, using information obtained before entry to university. Statistical analysis of a sample of the 1979 entry cohort to Lancaster University indicates that the likelihood of non-completion is determined by various characteristics, the main ones being the student's academic ability (reflected by A level results), his work experience prior to coming to university, his school background and the location of his home in relation to the university. An examination of wastage separately amongst males and females identifies striking differences between the two groups in the characteristics associated with non-completion. Further analysis of the sample as a whole reveals that a vast improvement in the prediction of non-completion can be achieved by using the results of first-year examinations at university rather than A level results. The main conclusion is that raising the academic requirements for entry into university may not be the most appropriate method for reducing wastage rates.

A Sedimentary Rock Classification Scheme for Introductory Geology

The use of identification keys is the basic technique used in the biological sciences for identifying organisms. This technique has been adopted for identifying sedimentary rocks in the introductory geology laboratory. The method organizes identification into a series of logical tests or observations and reduces student frustration and time wastage.

Examination success — is there a best route of study?

Strong consumer movements exist in a number of countries, including the USA and UK. High on their list of objectives is the provision of information designed to enable consumers to make more informed choice. In some cases efforts are directed towards facilitating the “best buy” in education. This is to be welcomed. Certainly there appears considerable scope for furnishing improved advice in this field for it may result in lower student wastage rates. Witness the situation relating to students studying for professional qualifications.

Admission to Medical School: the Newcastle Experiment

Abstract Any procedure for selecting medical students must be evaluated in terms of the objectives of the school or faculty concerned. The specific aims of the Newcastle Admissions Programme have been analysed in relation to four faculty objectives: (i) the production of effective medical practitioners, (ii) enhancement of the educational process and avoidance of student wastage, (iii) recognition of legitimate regional interests, and (iv) ensuring a reasonable return on society's investment in medical training. Two methods of admission have been adopted, namely, ‘academic achievement’ and ‘comprehensive assessment’. The latter is based on an assessment of both cognitive and personality factors employing psychometric instruments and interviews. For the purposes of evaluating the Admissions Programme the same data are gathered on all successful candidates regardless of their mode of entry into the course. Generally low correlations have been observed between the intellectual, academic and personal characte...

Routes for Part‐time Study: Student Wastage and Comparative Costs

Those wishing to study but unable to attend a full‐time, sandwich, or block release course have a number of options open to them. They may study on a part‐time day release course, at evening classes, by correspondence tuition, or by private study. A fifth route is by Directed Private Study ie linked oral‐postal tuition. Hitherto, relatively few students have followed this method of study; but there is reason to believe that more will do so in the years ahead.

Student and Pupil Nurse Wastage

Student and Pupil Nurse Wastage

Drop‐out analysis

A great deal of attention is devoted to the problem of student wastage. This is understandable since a high proportion of the costs of education are fixed; and wastage, to any substantial degree, considerably increases the cost per successful student.

Student wastage at Edinburgh University II. A prediction scale

Student wastage at Edinburgh University II. A prediction scale

Student wastage at Edinburgh university. I. Factors related to failure and dropout

Student wastage at Edinburgh university. I. Factors related to failure and dropout