Student Stress Inventory Research Articles

Healthy Lifestyle in Adolescence: Associations with Stress, Self-Esteem and the Roles of School Violence.

A healthy lifestyle is considered by young people as the adoption of positive behaviors, such as a balanced diet, regular exercise, or the decreased consumption of harmful substances. Living a healthy lifestyle during adolescence promotes a better quality of life and psychological well-being in adulthood. The objective of this research is to identify how a healthy lifestyle is related to stress, self-esteem, and school violence roles. The sample is composed of a total of 743 adolescents aged between 14 and 19 years. The instruments used were the Healthy Lifestyles Questionnaire (CEVS-II), the Student Stress Inventory (SSI-SM), the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (RSES), and an ad hoc questionnaire to evaluate school violence roles. The results obtained indicate that there are negative correlations between healthy lifestyle and stress, but positive correlations between healthy lifestyle and self-esteem. Adolescents who participate in situations of school violence have a higher mean of substance use and stress. However, those who do not experience such situations have higher mean self-esteem and lead a healthy lifestyle. In addition, the fact of suffering stress increases the probability of being a victim or an aggressor. Living a healthy lifestyle can have significant implications for health promotion and positive adolescent development.

Stress, resilience, and coping in COVID-19 patients and non-COVID-19 people.

The COVID-19 pandemic and the ensuing economic recession hurt people's mental health. To study the stress, resilience, and coping between COVID-19 patients and non-COVID people. A sample of 188 individuals including COVID-positive and negative were selected by snowball sampling method from the Pune area. All the subjects belong to the age group between 20 and 25 years. The variables are studied by using three tools. The tools used were the Student Stress Inventory, Resilience Scale, and Coping Response Inventory. The data obtained was analyzed using a statistical t-test for comparison and one one-way ANOVA test for gender differences on SPSS software. The results showed that there is a significant difference found in stress (t = -3.269) at 0.01 level but no difference found in resilience (t = -0.525), approach coping (t = -1.084), and avoidance coping (t = -1.473) between COVID and non-COVID subjects. Patients with COVID had higher stress levels than those without the disease. In terms of resilience, approach, and avoidant coping, there were no significant differences between COVID and non-COVID subjects.

CHRONIC STRESS IN MEDICAL STUDENTS

The prevalence and impact of chronic stress on the world's population are quite important. In the modern world, students have to deal with many stressors, and the medical students stand out with the highest stress level. The main causes of stress are academic overload, fear of failure, financial problems, high expectations from others, and many more.             Aim: To study indicators of chronic stress among Tbilisi State Medical University (TSMU) students. Materials and Methods. We conducted survey of the TSMU students using the Student Stress Inventory in Georgian and English. Total number of questions was 51 with 40 items in 4 subscales: physical factors, interpersonal relationships, academic activities, and environmental factors. Students were asked to rate how often these events happened in their lives. Stress level was determined based on the summary points. The total number of respondents was 193, 69.95% women, 29.50% men; Faculty of Medicine (English) 23.32%, Faculty of Medicine (Georgian) 56.48%, Faculty of Public Health 20.21%, the mean age 22.45±1.3 years.             Results. Among physical components of chronic stress, the majority of interviewed students reported having the feeling of constant fatigue 54.92% and sleep problems 43.00% often and very often. In the domain of personal relationships, 64.25% of the total number of interviewees believe that parents want success for them. Among the academic factors, students reported stress caused by exams at 53.37%. Among the environmental factors, the majority - 62.17% of respondents mentioned the hot weather.             Conclusion. In general, psychological symptoms are more pronounced among students than physical ones. The overall prevalence of moderate and severe chronic stress among medical university students is 60.62% (Georgians 63.27%, foreigners 51.11%). Most of the female students (63.70%) have moderate stress, while most of the male students (56.14%) have mild stress. Students of the Faculty of Medicine reported higher levels of stress than Public Health students. Obtained results are in line with the international data. It is desirable to conduct the qualitative study as well in order to find more information on the causes of the stress.

Effects of a Brief Mindfulness Intervention on Perceived Stress, Affect, and Trait Mindfulness in College Students

The current study was interested in the effects of a quick mindfulness meditation intervention on college students perceived stress, affect, and trait mindfulness. Students were placed into the following three groups: Silent Meditation (n = 16), Guided Meditation (n = 12), Control (No Meditation; n = 72). Each experimental group took part in a four-week mindfulness meditation intervention comprised of one session per week. Students perceived stress, affect, and trait mindfulness were measured pre-intervention, during the intervention, and post-intervention. Perceived stress was measured using the Student Stress Inventory and the College Stress Scale, affect was measured using the Positive and Negative Affect Schedule, and mindfulness was measured using the Kentucky Inventory of Mindfulness Skills. As predicted, students in the silent meditation group reported a statistically significant decrease in perceived stress over the four weeks and an increase in trait mindfulness. Although not statistically significant, the guided meditation also reported a decrease in perceived stress and increase in mindfulness. Results suggest that a short mindfulness intervention may be useful in helping college students deal with stressors of college life.

Relationship of Stress with Academic Performance among University Students

The current study's goal was to investigate the connection between university students' stress levels and their academic achievement. Using a basic random sample procedure, a sample size of 200 people was drawn from the University of Haripur. Data from 100 male and 100 female university students were included in the sample. Student Stress Inventory (SSI), a tool used to gauge stress among college students, was utilized to gather data. The Grade Point Average (GPA) of each student served as a measure of their academic success. The study's results show a strong correlation between stress and university student’s academic performance, and stress is negatively connected with academic performance among university students. In comparison to male pupils, female students performed better on the stress test. Academic success is inversely connected with stress. Because the current study was restricted to the university of Haripur and the sample size was also small, it was recommended that this study be conducted in the future with a more diverse population and a larger sample size. The results of the current study will contribute to a better understanding of how stress affects university students' academic performance

Relationship between the development of musculoskeletal disorders, physical activity level, and academic stress among undergraduates students of University of Nigeria.

Academic stress is a common experience among university students. It can affect the body composition of the students through behavioral changes, which further affect their physical activity level (PAL). Musculoskeletal disorders could arise from the interaction of these factors. This study aimed to determine the relationship between PAL, academic stress, selected anthropometric indices, and the development of MSDs among a selected Nigerian population. This was a cross-sectional study of 256 (129 females and 127 males) undergraduates of the University of Nigeria, Enugu Campus aged 15-30 years using Student's Stress Inventory to evaluate academic stress, the short-form of the International Physical Activity Questionnaire to determine the PAL, and a Standard Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire to assess MSDs. The results showed a high PAL with the male students having more PAL (61.4%) than female students. Secondly, the prevalence of MSDs among the population was high (66.02%) and the students faced moderate academic stress with the prevalence being more among the female students (75.2%). A significant difference was observed between academic stress and the development of MSDs (P = 0.009). This study's findings support the hypothesis that increased academic stress and low level of physical activity are linked to increased risks of MSDs among students. Thus, it is warranted that the University curriculum is re-adjusted and incorporate public enlightenment programs on possible causes and prevention of musculoskeletal disorders, stress management, and coping strategies.

Compression in the Level of Stress and Adjustment: A Study of Elementary School Students During Online Classes

Aim: The present study aimed to investigate the level of stress and adjustment of elementary school students during online classes. Methodology: A sample of 40 elementary school students was taken from 2 private schools in Noida, UP, India. The sample was collected with a random sampling technique. The tool used for this study was (i) Student Stress Inventory (SSI) by Mohammad Aziz Shah Mohamed Arip was used to measure the level of stress among elementary school students. (ii) Adjustment Inventory of School Students (AISS) by Prof. A.K.P. Sinha 8 Prof. R.P. Singh was used to measure the adjustment level among elementary school students. The data was analyzed by using mean, standard deviation, and t-test. Findings: However, no significant difference was established in the stress level of the studied sample, and all 11 null hypotheses were accepted, but the results indicate that (i) Boys are more likely to experience stress than girls of elementary school students. (ii) Lower ages of elementary school students experience more stress than higher of elementary school students. (iii) Boys are more likely to experience stress in the physical component of the stress scale than girls of elementary school students. (iv) Boys are more likely to experience stress in interpersonal relationships component of stress scale than girls of elementary school students.

학생들의 학업 및 운동스트레스와 건강상태의 관련성에 관한 연구

The purpose of this study is to identify the effects of lifestyle, study stress and training stress on health status, and provide fundamental data for health management of university students majoring in physical education. In this study, 149 students participated and they were surveyed demographic characteristics, lifestyle, Maslach burnout inventory (student stress inventory), training stress inventory, and Mibyeong index. Height and weight were measured for calculating BMI. For statistical analysis, Student t-test, ANOVA test, chi-square test, correlation analysis, and multinominal logistic regression test has been used. There were differences between Mibyeong groups according to digestion status, smoking for female students and quality of sleeping for both male and female students. Study stress and training stress also affected to health status. Cynicism among study stress categories and all categories among training stress showed differences between sex. Correlation analysis and logistics regression analysis was used to estimate related factors of health status after adjusting for sex and age. Based on logistics regression analysis, quality of sleeping affected to Mibyeong 1 group and quality of sleeping, smoking and digestion status affected to Mibyeong 2 group. Among training stress category, dissatisfaction with game result and skills and lack of leisure time were affected to both Mibyeong 1 and 2 group. This study suggests that lifestyle, study stress and training stress might be significantly associated with university students majoring in physical education. Through managing those influence factors, health status of students could be improved.

PREVALENCE OF STRESS AMONG PHYSICAL THERAPY STUDENTS: A COMPARATIVE STUDY BETWEEN PUBLIC AND PRIVATE UNIVERSITIES

BACKGROUND Stress may lead to hypertension, tachycardia and hormonal variations; it has both positive and negative effects on human body to cope up with the destructive responses of distress that alters the internal and external environment of the body OBJECTIVES To assess the prevalence of stress among the undergraduate DPT students of private and public sector universities of Karachi Pakistan. METHODOLOGY A cross-sectional survey was conducted among the undergraduate Doctor of Physical Therapy students of public and private sector universities. Random sampling technique was used for enrolment of participants. The data was collected from 318 students through Student Stress Inventory (SSI) tool and analyzed on SPSS version 20. RESULTS The prevalence of stress among the participants was 11.5% from Karachi University, 55.0 % from Ziauddin University and 33.3% from JPMC. Total participants included were 261 females and 51 males. Around 53.8% were suffering from moderate stress, 25.8% with mild stress. Moreover public and private sector stress level lie at moderate category CONCLUSION The study revealed that moderate level of stress was found among the majority of undergraduate DPT students. The stress level in private sector is calculated as 55.0 % where as 44.9% is found in public sector.

Academic Stress and Study Habits of Health Science University Students

Abstract Introduction Academic stress and study habits are crucial indicators of academic success. At the moment, faulty study habits press on the students into academic stress. The present study was conducted to identify the academic stress and study habits of university students of health science. Methods This cross-sectional descriptive survey was conducted among 150 undergraduate students of nursing, physiotherapy, and pharmacy (n = 50 in each group). A stratified random sampling technique was used to select the study participants. The information on academic stress and study habits was collected by using the Student Stress Inventory and Palsane and Sharma Study Habit Inventory, respectively. Results Mean score of academic stress was found to be 75.353 ± 16.463. Pharmacy students had a higher level of stress compared to physiotherapy and nursing students (p = 0.013). Furthermore, the prevalence of unsatisfactory study habits among undergraduate students was 72%, with a mean score of 52.7 ± 9.152. Also, nursing students had a higher level of study habits compared to physiotherapy and pharmacy Students. There was no significant relationship found between study habits and academic stress (r = −0.048, p = 0.557). There was a significant association found between study habits and gender (p = 0.021), as well the association found between stress level and course type, Pre-University Course percentage, and first-year percentage (p = 0.044, 0.04, and 0.044 respectively). Conclusion Academic stress and poor study habits are prevalent among undergraduate students. This indicates strategies need to be formed to enhance healthy study habits and alleviate the academic stress of the students, mainly in professional courses; it is an urgent need.

Adaptation and Initial Validation of Student Stress Inventory for Use among Malaysian Secondary School Students

The paper discusses the process to adapt the Student Stress Inventory (SSI) and reports the finding of its content validation. The process entailed, firstly, forward and backward translation of items to be used in a new population of test takers whose culture is different from that of the original SSI standardisation sample. The translation process was accomplished by subject matter experts (SMEs) who are well-versed in the English and Malay languages. They too understand the nature and extent of culture in the destination and original culture. The second stage is the item verification process in which five SMEs (Clinical Psychologist, Counsellor, Linguist, English teacher, and Parent) verified and provided comments on every item before subjecting them to content and face validation stage. 10 SMEs, who were Psychology graduates, have been engaged to judge if the adapted Malay items are essential in measuring the construct-in-question among the Malay test takers. The SME judgments were calculated to obtain the content validity ratio of each item. Items that do not meet the minimum value of CVR will be further reviewed. Besides, the feedback provided in the validation was used by the researchers to improve the face validity of the items.

Hubungan Stres dengan Temporomandibular Disorder pada Mahasiswa Fakultas Kedokteran Gigi Universitas Andalas

Stress is the body’s response to various stressors that demand individual adjustment. College students often experience stress during their studies. Excessive stress can interfere the normal function of the body that can trigger the onset of temporomandibular disorder. The study aims to determine the relationship between stress and temporomandibular disorder in Dental Students of Andalas University. This study was observational analytic with the cross sectional design. The respondent was selected through purposive sampling technique with the total respondent were 67 students. The responden’s stress was measured with Student Stress Inventory (SSI) questionnaire, while temporomandibular disorder was examined and determined by RDC/TMD Axis I. The results showed that 37 respondents (55,2%) had mild stress and 30 respondents (44,8%) had moderate stress. The prevalence of temporomandibular disorder was 61,2%. Disc displacement with reduction was the most dominant diagnosis of temporomandibular disorder. Statistical chi-square test results obtained p=0,019 (p<0,05) that meant there was a significant relationship between stress and temporomandibular disorder in Dental Students of Andalas University. The result of this study concluded that there was relationship between stress and temporomandibular disorder.

Hubungan Stres dengan Temporomandibular Disorder pada Mahasiswa Fakultas Kedokteran Gigi Universitas Andalas


 Stress is the body’s response to various stressors that demand individual adjustment. College students often experience stress during their studies. Excessive stress can interfere the normal function of the body that can trigger the onset of temporomandibular disorder. The study aims to determine the relationship between stress and temporomandibular disorder in Dental Students of Andalas University. This study was observational analytic with the cross sectional design. The respondent was selected through purposive sampling technique with the total respondent were 67 students. The responden’s stress was measured with Student Stress Inventory (SSI) questionnaire, while temporomandibular disorder was examined and determined by RDC/TMD Axis I. The results showed that 37 respondents (55,2%) had mild stress and 30 respondents (44,8%) had moderate stress. The prevalence of temporomandibular disorder was 61,2%. Disc displacement with reduction was the most dominant diagnosis of temporomandibular disorder. Statistical chi-square test results obtained p=0,019 (p<0,05) that meant there was a significant relationship between stress and temporomandibular disorder in Dental Students of Andalas University. The result of this study concluded that there was relationship between stress and temporomandibular disorder.

To Assess the Level of Stress Among University Undergraduate Physiotherapy Students

Background: The campus life is identified as very stressful period for so many students because of hugedifference in education system as they have to pass through new academic and social environment. WHO hasprojected that stress disorder will be ranked as second most disabling disorders, except appropriate measuresare taken for early diagnosis. This study was conducted to measure level of stress among undergraduatephysiotherapy students using Student stress inventory (SSI). To help the students to avoid stress from thebeginning and to provide them with suitable mental health care and the efficient method to cope with stressTherefore, the aim of this study is to assess the level of stress among the undergraduate Physiotherapystudent at university.Method: Cross-sectional analysis of 905 physiotherapy students of age ranged from 18-23 years was done.Informed consent was taken at the starting of the study and assessment of level of stress was done usingStudent Stress Inventory (SSI). Collected data was entered in SPSS and analysed using the same software.Results: Data was analysed using Pearson’s correlation coefficient which indicate a positive correlationbetween academic and environmental factors with the level of stress among students. Result of this studyindicate mild to moderate level of stress among university students. Out of all item high parental expectation,worry about examination, delivering the class presentations, constant fatigue, headache were commoncomplains of studentsConclusion: The undergraduate physiotherapy students of University experienced mild to moderate levelof stress, out of all components environmental and academic factors were responsible for producing morestress among students of the all years.

Understanding Academic Performance based on Gender, Race, Stress and Sleep Quality

This study aims to explore gender, race, stress and sleep quality as factors which influence the academic performance of undergraduate students. The samples of study involved 80 students from the Faculty of Cognitive Science and Human Development, Universiti Malaysia Sarawak. Questionnaire used in the data collection comprising demographic information, stress questionnaire (Student Stress Inventory (SSI)) and sleep quality questionnaire (Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI)). The academic performance of the undergraduate students in this study was measured by their cumulative grade point average (CGPA). The result of the study showed that female students performed better than male students; whilst non-Bumiputera students performed better than Bumiputera students. The study also found that the higher the stress level of a student (SSI score), the lower his or her CGPA results. Moreover, the findings showed that there is a significant difference in FCSHD undergraduates’ academic performance based on their sleep quality, in which the mean of CGPA for students with good sleep quality is higher than that of students with bad sleep quality. Ultimately, the study reveals that gender and race do play a part in the academic performance of students and having good sleep quality and a little bit of stress is equally important in learning and helpful in attaining good grades and hence, should be leveraged by students.

Psychosomatic distress symptoms among international students in Germany: Role of academic stress and socio-demographic factors.

To assess the predictive role of academic stress in anxiety, depression and somatisation among international students in Germany, and to explore if socio-demographic factors were of any significance in this regard. The cross-sectional study was conducted from October 2017 to March 2018 in Germany and comprised students at universities offering programmes in the general subject category and had a strength of 1000 international students. Data was collected using the Student Stress Inventory, Beck Anxiety Inventory, Major Depression Inventory, Pennebaker Inventory of Limbic Languidness and a socio-demographic questionnaire. Data was collected online, and was analysed using SPSS 21. Of the 557 subjects, 261(46.9%) were males. The overall mean age of the sample was 25.77±3.79 years. Academic stress explained a great degree of variance in distress symptoms (p<0.05), while socio-demographic variables, except gender, were less important (p>0.05). Male students had a lower level of anxiety, depression, and somatisation (p<0.05). Age was inversely related to anxiety and somatisation (p<0.05). There was a clear need to address the problems of higher level of psychological and somatic distress among international students.

Stress, stressors, and academic performance among Asian students in Central California

Stressors such as balancing school, work, and family life are common among college students.Asian and Asian American students may experience additional stressors including communication andlanguage, high expectations for academic excellence, and mental health concerns such as depression, alien-ation and discrimination. Therefore, Asian students may be susceptible to risky behaviors such as substanceabuse and suicide ideation. This investigation was conducted to assess stress among Asian and AsianAmerican students in relation to factors such as test anxiety, academic performance, financial difficul-ties, social support, family pressures, culture shock, and language barriers. The East Asian Student StressInventory (EASSI) instrument was administered to university students who identified themselves as Asianvia email at a mid-sized university in central California. Findings from a sample of 292 undergraduateand graduate students indicated that students experience stress from test anxiety, academic performance,financial difficulties, and social support.

Coping Styles and Socio-demographic Variables as Predictors of Psychological Well-Being among International Students Belonging to Different Cultures

The study examined whether coping styles (reflective, suppressive, and reactive coping) predict the level of psychological well-being among international students, studying at German universities and living in a situation where the impact of acculturation stress is supposed to be rather high. In particular, we looked for any differences in preferred coping styles of university students belonging to diverse cultures to find out whether there are differential associations between coping styles and culture. The participants were 235 Asian, 204 European, and 94 Latin American students who were recruited with the support of offices of student’s affairs of universities. They completed an online survey comprising the WHO Well-Being Index (WHO-5), the Problem-focused Styles of Coping Inventory (PF-SOC), Student Stress Inventory (SSI), and a socio-demographic questionnaire. After controlling for socio-demographic variables which showed hardly any influence on well-being, coping exerted a high influence on the affective and functional state of international students. Suppressive coping turned out to be a relatively stronger predictor of a low level of psychological well-being in all three cultural groups, whereas reflective coping is predictive of a high level of psychological well-being. Also, reactive coping is rather dysfunctional but much less so than suppressive coping. Cultural group was found to be a significant predictor of coping styles. There were no significant differences in the level of well-being among the cultural groups, with about 40% being beyond a cut-off point signalling a depressive state. Counseling services need to pay attention to the relatively high percentage of students with poor psychological wellbeing. Improving students’ coping strategies may be an efficient way to improve their psychological well-being in academic/university and general life contexts.

The relationship between the development of musculoskeletal disorders, body mass index, and academic stress in Bahraini University students.

BackgroundThere are many mechanisms in which stress can lead to weight gain thus high a BMI. The endocrine and inflammatory pathway can directly increase abdominal adiposity. Another way in which stress leads to weight gain is through changes in health behaviors. The study aimed to investigate the prevalence of musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) among healthy students of Ahlia University, and to determine the relationship between the development of MSDs and academic stressors and body mass index.MethodsSelf-administered questionnaires were distributed to 94 students aged 18-26 years who were enrolled at various Ahlia University colleges and met other inclusion criteria. The students responded to the standardized Nordic musculoskeletal questionnaire and the modified College Student Stress Inventory regarding musculoskeletal symptoms and academic stressors. Height and weight measurements were also obtained to determine body mass index.ResultsA total of 77.66% reported MSDs in one or more body part, with the prevalence being higher among women than among men. The 7-day prevalence of MSDs severe enough to interfere with activities of daily living was 60.64%, and 44.68% by female and male students, respectively. There was a significant relationship between academic stress and MSDs in the neck, shoulders, lower back, and hips, while the relationship between MSDs, and body mass index, academic stress, and grade point average was not significant.ConclusionsThe prevalence of MSDs among Ahlia University students was found to be high. Apart from the positive correlation between academic stress and MSDs in certain body parts, other correlations were not significant.

Psychosis risk screening: Validation of the youth psychosis at‐risk questionnaire – brief in a community‐derived sample of adolescents

There have been several attempts to identify individuals potentially at high risk for psychotic-spectrum disorders using brief screening measures. However, relatively few studies have tested the psychometric properties of the psychosis screening measures in representative samples of adolescents. The main purpose of the present study was to analyse the prevalence, factorial structure, measurement invariance across gender, and reliability of the Youth Psychosis At-Risk Questionnaire - Brief (YPARQ-B) in a community-derived sample of adolescents. Additionally, the relationship between YPARQ-B, depressive symptoms, psychopathology, stress manifestations, and prosocial skills was analysed. One thousand and twenty students from high schools participated in a cross-sectional survey. The YPARQ-B, the Reynolds Adolescent Depression Scale, the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire, and the Student Stress Inventory - Stress Manifestations were used. A total of 85.1% of the total sample self-reported at least one subclinical psychotic experience. We observed a total of 10.9% of adolescents with a cutoff score of ≥11 or 6.8% with a cutoff score of ≥13. The analysis of internal structure of the YPARQ-B yielded an essentially unidimensional structure. The YPARQ-B scores showed measurement invariance across gender. The internal consistency of the YPARQ-B total score was 0.94. Furthermore, self-reported subclinical psychotic experiences were associated with depressive symptoms, emotional and behavioural problems, poor prosocial skills, and stress manifestations. These results would appear to indicate that YPARQ-B is a brief and easy tool to assess self-reported subclinical psychotic experiences in adolescents from the general population. The assessment of these experiences in community settings, and its associations with psychopathology, may help us to enhance the possibility of an early identification of adolescents potentially at risk for psychosis and mental health problems.