Structural Concepts Research Articles

On Study of Multiset Dimension in Fuzzy Zero Divisor Graphs Associated with Commutative Rings

In this paper, we introduce the concept of fuzzy zero divisor graph (FZDG) for a commutative ring R\\documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \\usepackage{amsmath} \\usepackage{wasysym} \\usepackage{amsfonts} \\usepackage{amssymb} \\usepackage{amsbsy} \\usepackage{mathrsfs} \\usepackage{upgreek} \\setlength{\\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \\begin{document}$$R$$\\end{document} denoted by ΓfR\\documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \\usepackage{amsmath} \\usepackage{wasysym} \\usepackage{amsfonts} \\usepackage{amssymb} \\usepackage{amsbsy} \\usepackage{mathrsfs} \\usepackage{upgreek} \\setlength{\\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \\begin{document}$${\\Gamma }_{f}\\left(\ ext{R}\\right)$$\\end{document}. We explore the multiset dimension (Mdim), a new variant of the metric dimension (MD), specifically in the context of FZDGs. To illustrate our findings, we analyze the FZDG for the ring Zn\\documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \\usepackage{amsmath} \\usepackage{wasysym} \\usepackage{amsfonts} \\usepackage{amssymb} \\usepackage{amsbsy} \\usepackage{mathrsfs} \\usepackage{upgreek} \\setlength{\\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \\begin{document}$${\\mathbb{Z}}_{n}$$\\end{document} of integers modulon\\documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \\usepackage{amsmath} \\usepackage{wasysym} \\usepackage{amsfonts} \\usepackage{amssymb} \\usepackage{amsbsy} \\usepackage{mathrsfs} \\usepackage{upgreek} \\setlength{\\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \\begin{document}$$n$$\\end{document} of integers modulo n\\documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \\usepackage{amsmath} \\usepackage{wasysym} \\usepackage{amsfonts} \\usepackage{amssymb} \\usepackage{amsbsy} \\usepackage{mathrsfs} \\usepackage{upgreek} \\setlength{\\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \\begin{document}$$n$$\\end{document}, denoted by ΓfZn.\\documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \\usepackage{amsmath} \\usepackage{wasysym} \\usepackage{amsfonts} \\usepackage{amssymb} \\usepackage{amsbsy} \\usepackage{mathrsfs} \\usepackage{upgreek} \\setlength{\\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \\begin{document}$${\\Gamma }_{f}\\left({\\mathbb{Z}}_{n}\\right).$$\\end{document} We compute the multiset dimension for all possible values of n\\documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \\usepackage{amsmath} \\usepackage{wasysym} \\usepackage{amsfonts} \\usepackage{amssymb} \\usepackage{amsbsy} \\usepackage{mathrsfs} \\usepackage{upgreek} \\setlength{\\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \\begin{document}$$n$$\\end{document} for the FZDG ΓfZn\\documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \\usepackage{amsmath} \\usepackage{wasysym} \\usepackage{amsfonts} \\usepackage{amssymb} \\usepackage{amsbsy} \\usepackage{mathrsfs} \\usepackage{upgreek} \\setlength{\\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \\begin{document}$${\\Gamma }_{f}\\left({\\mathbb{Z}}_{n}\\right)$$\\end{document}, providing significant theoretical insights into its structure. Our results not only advance the understanding of FZDGs and their multiset dimensions but also have practical implications across various fields, including cryptography, coding theory, and network analysis. This study lays the groundwork for future research on the application of fuzzy concepts in graph theory and algebraic structures.

The Ukrainian Crisis: a Game-Theoretic Analysis of the Complex Interplay between Ukraine, Russia, and the West

Abstract This study gives a general overview of the Ukrainian crisis through the lens of game theory, examining the motivations and constraints of Ukraine, Russia, and the West. Game theory provides structural concepts that explore trust, cooperation, risk-taking, and coordination challenges within the crisis. The analysis considers the impact of power imbalances and external factors like alliances and historical ties, strategic behavior, and other factors. The article concludes by highlighting key takeaways from the game-theoretic approach that can provide a roadmap towards a deeper analysis, and a structural diplomatic approach to conflict resolution.

Employing a Generalization of Open Sets Defined by Ideals to Initiate Novel Rough Approximation Spaces with a Chemical Application

A close similarity and analogy between rough set theory and topology is attributed to the corresponding behavior of lower and upper rough approximations with interior and closure topological operators, respectively. This relation motivates joint studies between topology and this theory. We endeavor by rough set theory to enlarge the knowledge we obtain from the information systems, for this reason, we apply the abstract concept of ideal structures to build new generalized approximation spaces with less vagueness. In the present work, we employ a novel type of nearly open sets in topology so-called ``${\mathcal{L}}$-${\theta\beta}_{\lambda}$-open" with an ideal structure to introduce novel approximation spaces satisfying the desired properties concerning shrinking the boundary region of uncertainty and expanding the domain of confirmed information. We set up the fundamentals of the proposed rough paradigms and demonstrate their superiority over the preceding paradigms induced by some nearly open sets. Two algorithms are furnished to illustrate the way of specifying the family of ${\mathcal{L}}$-${\theta\beta}_{\lambda}$-open sets and exploring whether a subset is ${\mathcal{L}}$-${\theta\beta}_{\lambda}$-definable or ${\mathcal{L}}$-${\theta\beta}_{\lambda}$-rough. Then, we put forward the concepts of rough membership relations and functions and uncover their core characterizations. Finally, we examine the proposed models to model a real situation in the Chemistry field and clarify how our models improve the outcomes of generalized approximation spaces over the previous models.

The Study of Intraparty Frictions: Conceptual Reflections on Preference Heterogeneity, Disagreement, and Conflict

Every complex organization is sometimes marked by preference heterogeneity, disagreement, and conflict. Within political parties, such frictions are traditionally viewed negatively, while recent research has started to perceive them more positively. How might such contradictory evaluations be explained? Through a three-step conceptual analysis we (1) identify two analytical perspectives on intraparty friction, one rooted in a primarily structural conception of parties, one in a primarily behavioral conception; and (2) specify a minimal definition of intraparty friction, which underpins a hierarchical concept structure to (3) suggest a way to resolve contradictions in the consequences attributed to intraparty frictions. Structuralist accounts often view frictions as negative due to a more demanding conceptual threshold, suggesting different types and levels of risk taking by conflict partners. Conversely, behavioralist perspectives see friction more often as beneficial because they focus on expressed disagreement without necessitating an organizational response. Our conceptual tools have important implications for research on membership organizations generally.

Text als System

Abstract The paper examines the development of Hans Zeller’s editorial views, focusing on the adaptation of semiological structuralism, especially his attempts to frame texts as ‘systems of signs’. Zeller suggests that even a single variant constitutes a new version („Fassung“). While being an influential centerpiece in the development of Zeller’s theoretical views up to the mid-1970s, his application of structuralist concepts to editorial theory is fraught with difficulties. Specifically, Saussure’s notion of the systemic character of language (‹langue›) is not applicable to single texts. Zeller’s claims to this effect are not supported by either Miroslav Červenka, whom Zeller most prominently cites, or by the linguistic theory of Ferdinand de Saussure. The problem of establishing and justifying a viable notion of text versions for editorial theory remains unresolved up to this day. Zeller’s temporary commitment to theory (specifically to semiological structuralism) may even have inadvertently undermined the project to build a shared editorial methodology.

Peer-Mediated Social Skills Interventions in Primary School Settings for Autistic Children in the Light of the ICF Bio-psycho-social Model. A Systematic Review.

This systematic review expands the current knowledge about Peer-Mediated Interventions (PMIs) for children with Autism Spectrum Disorder, focusing exclusively on primary school age (6-12years). The study has three aims: (1) describing the main features of the PMI programs; (2) discussing the PMIs efficacy on autistic children's social skills; (3) analyzing whether the PMIs were coherent with the bio-psycho-social model promoted by the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) classification system, by referring to the person-environment interaction and to the concepts of body functions and structures, environmental factors, and activity and participation. The systematic review followed the PRISMA-P method. The literature search was conducted in August 2024 through PsycInfo, PsycArticles, Education Source, and PubMed databases. A total of 558 articles were generated; 1 study was later added. Twenty-four articles were finally included. Most of the studies used a multiple baseline design across subjects and proved to be effective. Yet, only 5 studies included a follow-up assessment, which showed contrasting results. PMIs partly fit the ICF bio-psycho-social vision, even if they were not designed for this purpose. Our analysis arises from the belief that systematically including the perspective of individual-environment interaction could better guarantee the intervention efficacy.

Multifunctional bistable ultrathin composite booms with flexible electronics

Small satellites such as CubeSats pose demanding requirements on the weight, size, and multifunctionality of their structures due to extreme constraints on the payload mass and volume. To address this challenge, we introduce a concept of multifunctional deployable space structures for CubeSats based on ultrathin, elastically foldable, and self-deployable bistable composite structures integrated with flexible electronics. The multifunctional bistable booms can be stored in a coiled configuration and self-deploy into a long structure upon initiation by releasing the stored strain energy. The boom demonstrates the capabilities of delivering power and transmitting data from the CubeSat to the flexible devices on the boom tip. The boom also shows the ability to monitor the dynamics and vibration during and after the deployment. A payload boom has been installed in a 3 U CubeSat as flight hardware for in-space testing and demonstration. This effort combines morphable ultrathin composite structures with flexible electronics.

Navigating the Secular Landscape: Religious Discourse on Transgender Rights in the United Kingdom

Transgender people face high rates of discrimination and health problems yet supportive policy measures are often opposed, especially by religious organisations adhering to cis-normative theologies. Scholars exploring the links between religion and transgender issues have examined a number of themes, but the way religious actors discursively frame transgender issues remains under-researched. This article contributes to work in this area by using the concept of political opportunity structures to examine the discourse of religious groups on the 2022 Scottish Gender Recognition Reform Bill. The study shows that arguments were typically framed in secular terms, drawing on the epistemic authority of science and a language of individual rights. Supporting groups used arguments designed to highlight the difficulties that transgender people face. Oppositional groups used themes based on biological essentialism, concern for the well-being of trans people, the risks to cisgendered women and warnings about the negative impact on society and religious freedoms.

Sociology in the 21st century: between fragmentation and integration

The article is analyzing current sociology in the context of fragmentation and integration periods in the discipline history. The first integrative wave in the history of sociology was in the 1920s– 1950s. It appeared in grand theories by P.Sorokin, T.Parsons, the Frankfurt school which united heterogeneous ideas from classics in models of society as system. After the paradigm crisis of the 1960s– 1970s and following spread of postmodernist discourse, the second integrative wave arose in form of theories overcoming gaps between concepts of determinist structures and constructivist agency (J.Habermas, A.Giddens, P.Bourdieu) as well as in form of metatheorizing (G.Ritzer, P.Sztompka, J.Alexander). Today’s fragmentation of sociology under conditions of metaparadigm crisis and post-globalization is provoked by the rising postcolonial discourse, by attempts to stigmatize western classics and to create theoretical alternatives to the ‘global North’ domination in knowledge production as well as by spread of conceptions opposing social reality of networks and flows to classical sociality of structures and agency (M.Castells, B.Latour, J.Urry, K.Knorr Cetina). The third integrative wave is expected to come in the 2020s displacing tendencies of disintegration, discrimination, growing gaps and rising barriers. Now theories are relevant as they create a coherent configuration of four types of structures: institutions, interactions, networks, and flows. The new subject matter for theorizing is constituted by their interconnections in forms of fields of structurations, scapes of assemblages, communications, platforms, projects, and events. A metaphor of augmented reality is integrating different concepts of social reality and it is overcoming constitutive distinctions in the last century sociology: between system and lifeworld, locality and globality, the private and public, the material and symbolic, the real and virtual, the physical and digital, etc.

Study of Topological Spaces that Don’t Rely on Points as their Basis

Traditionally, the concept of points and neighborhood structures has been quite dominant in defining and further analyzing various properties in the study of topological spaces. In pointless topology-or point-free topology, also referred to as locale theory-the key emphasis is shifted from points to lattices of open sets. In addition to gaining further insight into spatial properties, this approach has important implications in fields like theoretical computer science, logic, and categorical theory. It is the purpose of the present work to be mainly interested in issues of the foundation of point-free topology: locales, frames, mutual relationships between them; the ways of interpreting classical topological concepts in the new language and the strong and weak points of such a point-free view. In the process, we focus on some of the significant applications of point-free topology, both within mathematics and beyond. The present paper is an attempt to give a broad overview of pointfree topology, discussing both its theoretical basis and its practical significance.

Procedimentos para modelagem BIM de lajes nervuradas de concreto armado em edificações

It is impossible not to admit that commercial computational tools for structural analysis and detailing have become indispensable in the various applications of Structural Engineering nowadays. The importance of these tools equipped with graphical interfaces based on the BIM (Building Information Modeling) environment is mainly due to the flexibility and ease in making common corrections and changes during the elaboration stage, as well as the proposition of different structural conceptions, not always innovative, but almost always bold, as in the case of reinforced concrete ribbed slabs. The use of ribbed slabs in reinforced concrete is an old practice in Structural Engineering, which has encouraged the adaptation of commercial computational tools, both in the development of structurally consistent mathematical formulations, as well as in the development of specific databases, equipped with information from mold manufacturers and materials intended for the execution of this type of slabs. It is highly efficient in building structures in which there are numerous problems of interference of structural elements with elements of installations, such as large-diameter pipes for wastewater, sewage, gas, fire, and even air conditioning ducts, exhaust and architectural elements. This efficiency is mainly due to the fact that large beams are not considered in their supports, making the lower face of the slab practically without obstacles to the building pipes, and is also due to the low average thickness of concrete used in the pavement compared to conventional rectangular supported slabs and flat mushroom slabs. However, it is not always possible to obtain an optimal final result, even with all the adaptations previously described, mainly due to executive and computational modeling problems. This work intends to present a possible structural modeling methodology, which provides results within the limits of the feasibility of the slab, both in the construction aspect of the computational structural model, as well as the possibility of using materials from manufacturers and labor, using a commercial computational tool for structural analysis and detailing.

Optimization Design of Redundant Parallel Posture Adjustment Mechanism for Solar Wing Docking Based on Response Surface Methodology

The parallel mechanism exhibits high stiffness and excellent dynamic response, making it ideal for high-precision applications. In our early work, a novel 6-DOF redundant parallel posture mechanism with four limbs for solar wing docking has been proposed; each limb consists of three links and four joints. This paper primarily focuses on optimization design of the mechanism. The calculation of workspace volume reveals that factors influencing the range of posture adjustment include dynamic platform parameters, static platform parameters, the drive trajectory of each kinematic pair, and the angles between each kinematic pair. A sensitivity analysis was conducted to examine the impact of each parameter on the range of posture adjustment. To reduce computational complexity and improve analysis efficiency, a combined approach of single-factor analysis and response surface methodology (RSM) is used in the paper. Single-factor analysis is utilized to evaluate the effect of each parameter on the posture adjustment range. Based on these results, RSM is used to establish a regression model for parameters; thereby, the optimal parameter combination for the mechanism is determined. The regression coefficient R2 = 0.9374 attests to the validity of the proposed model. Finally, a comparison of the posture adjustment range before and after optimization is presented, providing a foundation for the practical application of the redundant parallel mechanism. This paper introduces a novel structural design concept aimed at resolving the conflict between heavy loads and compact sizes in redundant parallel mechanisms while providing valuable insights for miniaturized design.

Analysis of the form, construction, and structural conception of Silberkuhl shells through construction history and advanced HBIM

In the 20th century, the development of industrial buildings featured a strong relationship between form, conception, needs of production processes, and advanced structural solutions. The knowledge, safeguard, and valorization of the industrial heritage structures, of the 20th century, requires a multidisciplinary approach, including construction history, structural analysis, and advanced 3D modeling. In particular, the study of shape-resistant structures in reinforced concrete – such as thin shells – needs to consider the deeply intertwined aspects of form, construction, and structural conception. The main aim of the present paper is to set a methodological workflow based on the combination of archival research, Historic/Heritage Building Information Modeling (HBIM), and numerical structural analysis to support the knowledge, safeguard, and valorization of the thin shells in reinforced concrete. The effectiveness of the proposed methodology, scalable for the analysis of historical shell structures in reinforced concrete, is tested on the noteworthy case study of the so-called Silberkuhl shells. According to their convenience in terms of structural efficiency and economy of construction, this system stood out worldwide for industrial roofing in the second half of the 20th century, exploiting the possibility of both industrial production and on-site precast, adapting to different economic and technological backgrounds.

Experimental evaluation of novel gas liquid contactor packing based on triply periodic minimal surfaces (TPMS)

Additive manufacturing has widened the possibilities of design for gas–liquid packing geometries in recent years, allowing for new unexplored shapes. A novel design approach based on triply periodic minimal surfaces (TPMS11Triply periodic minimal surfaces.), an interesting class of smoothened curved surfaces, led to the conception of new periodic structures with complex geometrical features. The present study aims to assess the applicability of these new TPMS-based geometries as packing for gas–liquid contactors and the effect of their topology on performance. Liquid holdup, pressure drop, flooding and mass transfer efficiency were evaluated for three TPMS-based prototypes, with distinct characteristic dimensions. A new experimental setup was developed for the estimation of liquid holdup based on the measure of the liquid weight during operation by a set of load cells. Results show good repeatability and precision, allowing to distinguish liquid holdup between the prototypes for various gas and liquid flow rates. Two of the studied prototypes presented higher holdup than the 5 ppi ceramic foam and the 15 mm Raschig rings for lower liquid rates. Prototypes also showed good results for pressure drop, with flooding reached at gas load factors above 3Pa0.5. In terms of mass transfer efficiency, HETP results for the new prototypes remained between 0.35m and 0.45m, comparable to Mellapak 250Y.

Constructing unique dual-functional double-hollow architecture for enhanced high-voltage structural stability of layered oxide cathode

Elevating the working voltage has proven to be an effective strategy for enhancing the energy density of ternary layered cathode materials. However, the accelerated failure of secondary particle structure during high-voltage cycling hinders their practical application. Although some attempts have been exerted to address this issue by designing particle arrangement, these secondary structure modifications only provide the limited help to the structural failure problem. Herein, we focus on the cause and characteristic of secondary particle cracks, investigate their formation principle and development rule, and delicately propose a unique double-hollow secondary structure. The two hollow regions create an environment that facilitates the release of internal strain and reduces stress at grain boundaries, thus ensuring the homogeneous stress distribution within the secondary particles. Thereby, the formation of intergranular crack is effectively mitigated. Additionally, the hollow regions act as barrier layers to impede the crack propagation. The dual functions of this double-hollow structure efficiently maintain the tight connection among these primary particles, greatly boosting the high-voltage cycling stability. The designed material with double-hollow architecture exhibits an obvious capacity retention increase from 67.8 % (conventional structure) to 84.4 % at 1 C within 3.0-4.5 V after 300 cycles. This work demonstrates that the double-hollow structure can effectively address the key issues of crack occurrence and development, providing a novel structural design concept for the exploration of high-voltage cathode materials with superior stability.

Античные маскароны в системе смыслов русской архитектуры XIX — начала ХХ века

The article discusses the basic semantic and compositional principles of the location of ancient-themed mascarons in the space of the Russian architecture of the 19th — early 20th centuries on the example of buildings in Moscow and St Petersburg. They have appeared in the focus of the search for artistic expression by Russian sculptors and architects. Nevertheless, mascarons have never been the subject of specialized scientific research. The accents they bring to the figurative concept of structures are very instructive for understanding the system of meanings of some works of Russian architecture. All this determines the relevance of addressing this issue. The study uses formal stylistic and comparative methods of analysis.

Structural Contrast in William Blake’s “The Tyger” and “The Lamb”

Structuralism is a theory focusing on analyzing the structure of a text and the relationship between the elements in order to get the meaning of literary works. Binary opposition is an important concept of structuralism, it is a concept or idea that can gain meaning through its relationship with its opposite. William Blake’s “The Tyger” and the “The Lamb” are two poems contain a lot of meaning that opposites each other. This study address several aspects related to the binary opposition of structuralism in the poems “The Tyger” and “The Lamb” by William Blake: (1) The structural elements in the poems “The Tyger” and “The Lamb” by William Blake. (2) The way “The Tyger” and “The Lamb” by William Blake employ binary oppositions in their structure to convey contrasting themes. (3) The influence of binary opposition on the overall meaning and interpretation of “The Tyger” and “The Lamb” by William Blake. (4) The benefits of using structuralism in poetry for language teaching, and how these can be addressed in teacher training programs. This study applied a qualitative method and context-oriented approach. This study shows that by utilizing structural elements, thematic explorations, tone, language style, and binary oppositions, Blake develops two mutually enhancing yet opposing perspectives on creation and divine existence. The strong and frightening Tyger is in stark contrast with the meek and pure Lamb, representing the intricate nature of life and the various facets of spirituality. This resistance goes beyond just the use of animal imagery, affecting the themes, tone, and language in every poem. Blake prompts readers to confront the contradictions of existence by juxtaposing light with darkness, innocence with experience, and nature with divinity. Studying poetry can be difficult because of different levels of literary skill, teaching methods, and tools, but it provides many academic benefits. Poetry nurtures a greater love for literature, improves creative skills and critical thinking, and aids.

The carnivalesque celebration of a slack laborer icon on a talent show: Civic engagement, commercialization, and political control

In Produce Camp 2021, an online Chinese talent show, an underdog named Lelush rose to fame as a slack laborer icon. This study investigated this case through a critical discourse analysis incorporating media events theory, the concept of carnival, aesthetic public sphere theory, and the concept of structures of feeling. It was revealed that the audience related to Lelush's slackness on carnivalesque social media, indirectly addressing work oppression and social stratification in an aesthetic public sphere. However, the audience's ambiguities, where they also objectified Lelush, somewhat diminished the aesthetic discussions’ critical potential. This contradiction suggested a new structure of feeling associated with rapid social changes in China. Besides, this study demonstrated that although the audience discourse appeared challenging, it was harnessed by the producer for commercial benefit. Meanwhile, as the audience's critical discourse did not directly threaten the political legitimacy, the Party-State allowed it for political and economic purposes.

Ontologies related to livestock for the Global Burden of Animal Diseases programme: a review.

The Global Burden of Animal Diseases (GBADs) programme aims to assess the impact of animal health on agricultural animals, livestock production systems and associated communities worldwide. As part of the objectives of GBADs'Animal Health Ontology theme, the programme reviewed conceptual frameworks, ontologies and classification systems in biomedical science. The focus was on data requirements in animal health and the connections between animal health and human and environmental health. In May 2023, the team conducted searches of recognised repositories of biomedical ontologies, including BioPortal, Open Biological and Biomedical Ontology Foundry, and Ontology Lookup Service, to identify animal and livestock ontologies and those containing relevant concepts. Sixteen ontologies were found, covering topics such as surveillance, anatomy and genetics. Notable examples include the Animal Trait Ontology for Livestock, the Animal Health Surveillance Ontology, the National Center for Biotechnology Information Taxonomy and the Uberon Multi-Species Anatomy Ontology. However, some ontologies lacked class definitions for a significant portion of their classes. The review highlights the need for domain evidence to support proposed models, critical appraisal of external ontologies before reuse, and external expert reviews along with statistical tests of agreements. The findings from this review informed the structural framework, concepts and rationales of the animal health ontology for GBADs. This animal health ontology aims to increase the interoperability and transparency of GBADs data, thereby enabling estimates of the impacts of animal diseases on agriculture, livestock production systems and associated communities globally.

Polarization-insensitive multifunctional reconfigurable band-notched absorber with wideband switchable absorption properties utilizing Galinstan.

A dual-polarized multifunctional reconfigurable band-notched absorber (MRBNA) based on Galinstan is presented in this paper. The proposed MRBNA comprises a liquid metal transmission/reflection switchable layer (LM-T/RSL) and a wideband band-notched absorber (BNA). The MRBNA represents a paradigm shift in adaptive electromagnetic (EM) solutions, offering unprecedented wideband switching capabilities between superior band-notched absorption and full-band reflection states. By harnessing the potential of LM-T/RSL and innovative polarization selection mechanisms, this design sets a new benchmark for advanced stealth systems. The impact of LM-T/RSL on transmission and reflection characteristics is investigated, followed by experimental investigation of fluid flow in microfluidic channels. Then, the structural conception of the MRBNA is examined, employing the equivalent circuit method (ECM) and surface current distributions for a better understanding of its operating mechanism. Finally, a prototype is fabricated and empirical validation is conducted to demonstrate the simulated results. Positioning it at the forefront, the seamless adaptability of the proposed MRBNA to changing EM conditions promises to revolutionize modern stealth operations.