Structure Of System Research Articles

The gender gap in outpatient care for non-communicable diseases in Mexico between 2006 and 2022.

Equitable health service utilization is key to health systems' optimal performance and universal health coverage. The evidence shows that men and women use health services differently. However, currentanalyses have failed to explore these differences in depth and investigate how such gender disparities vary by service type. This study examined the gender gap in the use of outpatient health services by Mexican adults with non-communicable diseases (NCDs) from 2006 to 2022. A cross-sectional population-based analysis of data drawn from National Health and Nutrition Surveysof 2006, 2011-12, 2020, 2021, and 2022 was performed. Information was gathered from 300,878 Mexican adults aged 20years and older who either had some form of public health insurance or were uninsured. We assessed the use of outpatient health services provided by qualified personnel for adults who reported having experienced an NCD and seeking outpatient care in the 2 weeks before the survey. Outpatient service utilization was disaggregated into four categories: non-use, use of public health services from providers not corresponding to the user's health insurance, use of public health services from providers not corresponding to the user's health insurance, and use of private services. This study reported the mean percentages (with 95% confidence intervals [95% CIs]) for each sociodemographic covariate associated with service utilization, disaggregated by gender. The percentages were reported for each survey year, the entirestudyperiod, the types of serviceuse, and the reasons for non-use, according to the type of health problem. The gender gap in healthservice utilization was calculated using predictive margins by gender, type of disease, and survey year, and adjusted through a multinomial logistic regression model. Overall, we found that women were less likely to fall within the "non-use" category than men during the entire studyperiod (21.8% vs. 27.8%, P < 0.001). However, when taking into account the estimated gender gap measured by incremental probability and comparing health needs caused by NCDs against other conditions,compared with women, men had a 7.4% lower incremental likelihood of falling within the non-use category (P < 0.001), were 10.8% more likely to use services from providers corresponding to their health insurance (P < 0.001), and showed a 12% lower incremental probability of using private services (P < 0.001). Except for the gap in privateservice utilization, which tended to shrink, the others remained stable throughout the period analyzed. Over 16years of outpatient service utilization by Mexican adults requiring care for NCDs has been characterized by the existence of gender inequalities. Women are more likely either not to receive care or resort to using private outpatient services, often resulting in catastrophic out-of-pocket expenses for them and their families. Such inequalities are exacerbated by the segmented structure of the Mexican health system, which provides health insurance conditional on formal employment participation. These findings should be considered as a key factor in reorienting NCD health policies and programs from a gender perspective.

Investigation into the electrolysis performance of a novel directly solar irradiated solid oxide electrolysis cell

Current coupling methods linking solar energy to solid oxide electrolysis cell (SOEC) mostly involve indirect coupling, with limited studies exploring direct coupling. This study is the first to evaluate a novel directly solar irradiated solid oxide electrolysis cell, anticipating a reduction in polarization loss incurred during the electrolysis process and improving the electrochemical performance of the system through direct solar irradiation. Additionally, it aims to reduce electric energy consumption required to maintain the high-temperature environment for the reaction and enhance the energy conversion efficiency of the electrolysis system, presenting a unique coupling technology. Hence, this paper proposes and develops the inaugural solar SOEC system, directly harnessing sunlight on the SOEC electrode surface, achieving stable and continuous hydrogen production through experimental methods. Experimental results demonstrate that direct solar irradiation increases the SOEC system’s heating rate by 12 times compared to electric heating, with a notably swifter response time. Under identical electrolysis voltages, the system exhibits significantly higher efficiency under direct solar irradiation than under electric heating. Moreover, for equivalent hydrogen production, the total energy input from solar energy is lower than that from electric heating, saving about 76 % of energy. Under specific conditions—solar radiation power of 123.2 W, electrolysis temperature of 655 °C, cathode-side gas input maintaining a water-hydrogen molar ratio of 8:2, and an electrolysis voltage of 1.5 V—the SOEC system sustains a nearly constant current density of about 359 mA/cm2 for 3 h. Comparative experiments conducted under identical working conditions, both in solar and electrically heated environments, reveal that the electrochemical impedance spectroscopy indicates inhibited mass transfer processes during electrolysis under direct solar irradiation. Consequently, the electrochemical performance of the SOEC system operating under direct solar irradiation was lower than that under electrically heated environments, across varying electrolysis temperatures and water contents. This study uncovers the pivotal influence of direct solar irradiation on concentration losses during the electrolysis process. The corresponding concentration losses can be subsequently mitigated by optimizing the reactor structure of the solar SOEC system.

The effect of Sb2O3 on optical, scintillation and service performance of Ce3+-ion doped gadolinium aluminosilicate glasses

Ce3+-doped gadolinium aluminosilicate glass has great potential as a scintillator in neutron detection and high-energy physics. Ce3+-doped gadolinium aluminosilicate glasses with different concentrations of clarifier Sb2O3 were prepared by high temperature feeding method, combined with crucible interlocking technology. Ce4+ ions were reduced to be Ce3+ ions by CO atmosphere in an interlocking crucible. The properties of glass with 0.7 mol% content of Sb2O3 are the best. The glass has a high density (>6.0 g/cm3) and high refractive index (nd > 1.74). Compared with the sample without clarifier Sb2O3, the light yield of the glass increased to about 2 times. From XPS results, it is concluded that the proportion of bridge and non-bridge oxygen in the glass is 58.83 % and 41.67 % respectively. The composition of bridge oxygen in the glass is high, so there are many silicon-oxygen polyhedrons, and the structure in the glass system is stable, which is beneficial to the light yield. It can be seen from the Ce3d spectrum that there is no third characteristic peak of Ce4+ at ∼916 eV, indicating that the content of Ce3+ is more than that of Ce4+. The presence of Ce3+ in the glass is excellent for scintillation properties.

LEXICOGRAMMATICAL ANALYSIS OF INSULTERS IN THE VIRAL VIDEO “LABRAK PELAKOR” ON YOUTUBE INDONESIA

Since 2017, the massive phenomenon of the viral video "Labrak Pelakor" has been discovered on Indonesian social media. These videos contain fights between women who are vulnerable to verbal and physical violence. “Labrak Pelakor” is known as a marriage conflict that occurs due to infidelity. Pelakor is a variety of conversation created by Indonesian netizens from the acronym Perebut Laki Orang, which means women who tempt and seize someone's husband or a woman who is having an affair with someone's husband. “Labrak Pelakor” are incidents that are documented and uploaded on social media. The observations show that the speech used in this accident contains language crimes. Language crime is a criminal act that aims to injure, attack, and psychologically harm the victim. The impact of this event can kill the character, damage reputation, attack honor, embarrass, create public trouble, propaganda, false information, and threats. The objective of the study is to investigate and find linguistic evidence of insulting. The study uses a forensic linguistic approach. Forensic linguistics is a forensic science that applies linguistic theories to solve linguistic cases. Forensic linguistics is an approach to analyzing the linguistics aspect of a language case to find legal evidence. Language is legal evidence associated with efforts to determine the speaker or perpetrator and interpret the meaning/intent of a spoken text. The aim is to ensure that the meaning, intent, and form of legal object texts indicating violations of the law will become clear. The legal evidence in the "Labrak Pelakor" is limited to determining the speaker or perpetrator only. The linguistic theory used to reveal the perpetrators is lexicogrammatical. Lexicogrammatics analysis consists of the clause system, transitivity system, and information structure that reveal the speaker's intentions, actions, and point of view. This study used a descriptive qualitative method. The data source is three viral videos entitled "Labrak Pelakor" with more than 600 thousand viewers on the Indonesian YouTube channel. Data collection techniques use observation and recording documents. Data analysis uses content analysis techniques. The linguistic evidence found that 60 utterances contained insulting spoken by 7 speakers. The result analysis of speakers' intentions, actions, and points of view proves their utterances are to insult their interlocutor.

Research on the Design of Academic Evaluation Standards of E-commerce Professional Group in Secondary Vocational Schools based on the Integration of Post-course Competition Certificate: Taking Short Video Courses as an Example

Given the subjective and one-sided problems existing in the current evaluation system of e-commerce courses in secondary vocational schools, this paper puts forward the implementation path of “four in one.” Through the integration of big data technology, knowledge graph technology and the PGSD ability analysis model, the evaluation graph is constructed, aiming at achieving comprehensiveness, adaptability, professionalism, scientific and objectivity of the evaluation. The evaluation graph includes a three-tier structure of evaluation system, knowledge domain and skill dimension, and systematically distributes weights to realize the development of multi-dimensional evaluation and personalized learning path.

Disputable issues regarding the systematisation of bylaws and regulations

The article deals with the issue of systematisation of by-laws and regulations resulting from the adoption of the Law of Ukraine “On Lawmaking”. It is noted that the adoption of the Law of Ukraine “On Lawmaking” has not fundamentally solved the problem of streamlining of regulatory legal acts. The unresolved nature of a wide range of issues related to the systematisation of legislation gives rise, in particular, to many debatable issues, such as: clarifying the admissibility and expediency of codification of bylaws and regulations; determining and regulating the most optimal forms of systematisation of bylaws and regulations, and the role and possibilities of consolidation as a form of systematisation of bylaws and regulations. Based on the analysis of the Law of Ukraine “On Lawmaking”, the article determines that the legislator, firstly, has not proposed a definition of codification as a form of lawmaking, and secondly, has not classified the types of codification by their legal force. Thus, the question of the potential existence of codification bylaws in the context of the Law of Ukraine “On Lawmaking” is left unsolved. Instead, the practice of subordinate legislation confirms the regularity of the existence of codification subordinate acts in the structure of the legislative system. The authors point out that the main form of subordinate legislation is resolutions of the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine. It is noted that the existing theoretical developments and foreign experience of regulating both formal and informal incorporation indicate that it is inexpedient to introduce it in Ukraine through amendments to the Law of Ukraine “On Lawmaking”, since incorporation does not have the features of lawmaking at all, and therefore it cannot be the subject of legal regulation by the Law on Laws. It is emphasised that, given the current doctrinal understanding of the peculiarities of alternative codifications of by-laws and regulations in Ukraine, it would be advisable to adopt a separate legal act (at the level of a resolution of the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine) which would regulate the rules for systematisation of by-laws and regulations in the system of executive authorities, based on the Law of Ukraine “On Lawmaking”. It is concluded that the issue of the subjective composition of public authorities with regard to the specific forms of systematisation of by-laws and regulations requires normative and doctrinal certainty, given the consolidation of legislation.

Candidates resume analyzer using artificial intelligence

In the modern recruitment process, where the number of candidates and job vacancies constantly increases, automating resume analysis becomes critically important for efficient selection. This paper focuses on developing a system for automated resume analysis using artificial intelligence, specifically the OpenAI model (ChatGPT). The paper thoroughly examines the system's components, structure, and functional capabilities. The system consists of several key modules: the user interface ensures interaction with users, the Application Programming Interface Gateway facilitates data exchange between the interface and the server, and the authentication module controls system access, ensuring user security. The main part of the system's business logic is implemented on the server, which interacts with the natural language processing module, utilizing the ChatGPT model for processing resume text data. The use of natural language processing technologies allows the system to automatically extract and analyse key elements of resumes, such as education, work experience, skills, and certifications of candidates. This significantly speeds up the processing of large volumes of resumes, improving selection efficiency and accuracy. Data obtained during the analysis is stored in a PostgreSQL database, ensuring reliable storage and quick access for further processing. The paper also emphasizes the importance of integrating the system with other recruiting platforms and databases for more efficient management of the hiring process. Such integration allows for automatic synchronization of job vacancies and candidates, optimizing the search and selection process. Additionally, the paper highlights the key challenges associated with automating resume processing, such as the diversity of resume formats submitted by candidates, differences in data structure, and potential errors in automatically recognizing important information. Despite these challenges, the use of artificial intelligence and natural language processing methods significantly enhances the productivity and accuracy of recruitment processes. Thus, the developed automated resume analysis system based on Artificial Intelligence can become a significant tool in the modern candidate selection process. Its functionality not only enables quick and accurate resume analysis but also allows integration with other HR systems, simplifying the recruitment process, reducing data processing time, and improving selection accuracy.

Hydrogeological structure of a seafloor hydrothermal system deduced from a pair of positive and negative self-potential anomalies observed at the Oomuro-dashi hydrothermal field in the Izu-Ogasawara Arc, south of Japan

This paper presents and interprets two new self-potential data measured over a hydrothermally active field associated with a Quaternary rhyolitic volcano, Oomuro-dashi, in the northern Izu-Ogasawara Arc, south of Japan. The measured data show a pair of positive and negative anomalies of the order of one millivolt at 5 m above the seafloor. The observation of a positive self-potential near a seafloor hydrothermal system is new, in spite that negative self-potential anomalies have been regularly reported in various studies for different locations. Determining the dominant mechanism(s) is therefore key to further understanding the subseafloor structure of seafloor hydrothermal systems. To this end, we also conducted long-term observations of subseafloor temperatures at two sites in the area of the self-potential anomaly to estimate the Darcy velocity. We found a downward fluid flow of the order of tens of metres per year at both sites. The flow in the area of the negative self-potential anomaly is stronger than in the area of the positive anomaly. Based on these observations, we propose two end-member models to explain the paired self-potential anomaly. The first model considers a horizontal geo-battery, in which part of a subhorizontal electrically conductive body is crossed by a subvertical redox front. In this model, the oxidised part of the geo-battery causes a negative self-potential anomaly, as in the previous observations, while the reduced counterpart of the geo-battery, which is normally buried, is exposed near the seafloor and causes a positive anomaly. In this case, a conductive body is expected to lie beneath both anomalies, and we could access the reduced part of the geo-battery. This model is consistent with the results of the Darcy velocity estimation if the strong hydrothermal circulation would cause the redox horizon to deepen. The second model is a combination of the thermal and streaming potentials causing both positive and negative self-potential anomalies. This model does not necessarily require a buried conductive body beneath the self-potential anomalies. These end-member models could be distinguished by resistivity imaging, which identifies the distribution of conductive bodies beneath self-potential anomalies, although they would overlap in natural systems.Graphical

Electrically enhanced adsorption performance of functionalized aluminum-nitride nanotubes for removal of sulfate ions in water

Here, density functional theory(DFT) calculations were carried out to investigate the effect of applied electric field on the adsorption of sulfate ions in water by doped functional aluminum nitride nanotubes. The stable structure of the adsorption system, the adsorption energy of SO42− on the adsorbent, and the electronic and thermodynamic properties of the adsorption system under applied electric field were calculated and analyzed. The results show that the adsorption energy of boron doped aluminum nitride nanotubes (AlNNT-B) on SO42− can be greatly improved under the action of electric field (EF). The electric field promotes the electron transfer of SO42− to AlNNT-B, and gradually increases the Mayer bond levels of B-N25 and B-N27, indicating that the binding of B atoms to N atoms is enhanced. In addition, the thermodynamic analysis shows that the adsorption of SO42− on the surface of AlNNT-B is a spontaneous heat release process, and the trend of spontaneous heat release can be enhanced by EF. Our research results not only propose a novel method for removing sulfate ions from water, but also have significant implications for other applications of nanomaterials (such as delivery system of anticancer drugs).

Experimental study and seismic assessment on base isolated precast concrete frame structure with box connectors

The precast construction method offers fast and environmentally friendly solutions for sustainable development in construction. Various connection methods, including wet and dry, have been proposed to enhance assembly convenience. However, challenges remain in achieving complete assembly and considering disassembly processes, hindering post-earthquake restoration. This study introduces a precast RC structure system with easily assembled joints that facilitate disassembly. To enhance the structural system's adaptability to regions with high seismic intensity, rubber-bearing base isolation technology is employed to optimize its seismic performance. Shaking table tests were conducted to evaluate the structure system's dynamic response and seismic performance. Test results indicate that the isolation layer significantly decreases the acceleration response, inter-story drift ratios, floor shear forces, and strain of reinforcements. The isolation structure has a high probability of entering operational and immediate occupancy states during rare earthquakes. The deformation of the isolation bearings has a decisive impact on the overall seismic fragility of the isolation structure system.

Construction of English corpus oral instant translation model based on information security and deep learning

In order to improve the quality of translation, avoid translation ambiguity and accurately present the content of the source language, supported by the concept of deep learning and guaranteed by information security, an instant oral translation model is constructed for English corpus. The aim of this study is to enhance the efficiency and accuracy of oral translation systems through the application of deep learning algorithms. Specifically, we employ a sample training mechanism tailored to the unique characteristics of oral translation, allowing for separate training of system interaction and translation data. Furthermore, by redesigning the interaction hardware, this research comprehensively redefines the hardware structure of the translation system, marking a significant step towards improving the usability and performance of such systems. After obtaining and processing effective security sensitive information, language resources are managed by using database management system, which fundamentally improves the level of network information security. The performance of the existing oral automatic translation system (Test Group 1) and the system designed in this paper (Test Group 2) is tested by experiments, and the results are as follows: (1) The translation system designed here has better interactive performance, and it is better than Test Group 1. (2) The adaptive index value of Test Group 1 is 1, and that of Test Group 2 is 0.5, which proves that the adaptive ability of system algorithm of Test Group 2 is better than that of Test Group 1. (3) When comparing the translation speed, the translation time of Test Group 2 is only 70.7 s, while that of Test Group 1 is 130.6 s, so the proposed translation system is obviously superior to that of Test Group 1.

Anatomical and Pathological Review of Alzheimer's, Huntington's, and Pick's Disease: A Public Study on the Awareness of Neurological Disorders

Neurodegenerative diseases (NDDs) include Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS), Huntington's Disease, and Pick's disease. These conditions are characterized by a progressive decline in the structure and function of the nervous system. The objective of this paper is to provide a brief overview of these diseases, outline the anatomical changes they cause in the brain, and evaluate the level of public awareness about their prevalence and impact. Neuroimaging studies show that Alzheimer's disease initially leads to the degeneration of neuronal connections in brain regions associated with memory, such as the entorhinal cortex and hippocampus. ALS is characterized by the degradation of motor neurons in the spinal cord and brainstem, leading to muscle weakness and atrophy. In contrast, Parkinson's disease involves the decay of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra, resulting in motor control impairments. Brain structure changes are linked to the accumulation of abnormal protein aggregates such as amyloid beta in Alzheimer's disease and alpha-synuclein in Parkinson's disease, interfering with cellular functions and causing neuronal death. Besides addressing brain structure, this paper presents results from a survey assessing public awareness of neurodegenerative diseases. The findings suggest that while the public is well-informed about Alzheimer's and Parkinson's disease, there is still a significant knowledge gap regarding less common conditions like ALS and Huntington's disease. The significance of implementing thorough educational approaches to increase public knowledge is highlighted by these results. This study seeks to narrow the divide between scientific knowledge and public awareness of neurodegenerative diseases by combining anatomical understanding with public perceptions.

A game-theoretic approach to managing the composition and structure of a bearing-only measurement system in conditions of a priori uncertainty

The problem of managing the composition and structure of a bearing-only measurements system (BOMS) in a game-theoretic formulation is considered. An approach of cooperative search for the placement of BOMS points and a method for estimating the work-time indicator of the system are proposed. The search for the placement of BOMS points uses the toolkit of multi-agent potential games. The criteria for selecting the placement of points and the type of potential function are determined. The management of the composition and structure of the BOMS is based on the results of the cluster-variation method. A structural and functional description of the simulation model is presented. The above results of simulation modeling confirm the practical effectiveness of the proposed approaches.

The role of national heritage in shaping Germany’s public health and data governance

Abstract Aim This paper aims to explain how political culture has influenced the scope of prevention measures, disease surveillance, and health data integration strategies in the German health system to date. Subject and methods Political culture is a major determinant of national health policies in countries, defining the means and scope of governmental authority for ensuring population health. This paper explains the role of political culture in shaping prevention and health promotion measures in the German health system, based on a public policy theory. Results During the post-war period, the structure of the German health system was (re-)designed to focus on curative medicine at the expense of public health. Current prevention and health promotion measures, often characterised as ‘too little, too late’, lead to medical treatments that are ‘too costly, too risky’. Linking data sources in Germany today is much more challenging than in other European countries, with health-relevant data often remaining in isolated silos that could be used for population health. Conclusion The analysis suggests that the national heritage shaping the political culture in Germany had a great influence on the limited role of government intervention, the interpretation of public health, and the state’s role in collecting and processing health data of citizens for research and policymaking.

GNSS/INS integrated navigation algorithm framework based on cascade vector tracking algorithm for USV

The safety of Unmanned Surface Vehicle during the autonomous phase of navigation relies heavily on the onboard navigation equipment. However, in the face of changing and diverse navigation environments, global satellite navigation systems utilizing radio communication often face signal occlusions. This significantly reduces the positioning accuracy of navigation systems. To ensure the navigation accuracy of vehicles in various harsh environments, a Global Navigation Satellite Systems and Inertial Navigation System (GNSS/INS) integrated navigation system structure based on cascaded vector-tracking loop is proposed in this paper. The integrated navigation scheme not only improved the positioning accuracy of the navigation system but also effectively improved the robustness of the system. Compared with the traditional scalar-tracking loop and vector-tracking loop methods, it exhibits better performance. The experimental results show that the proposed method can reduce the horizontal position positioning error by 73.7% compared with the traditional vector-tracking loop method in the case of signal occlusion. Simultaneously, it can continuously output reliable and high-precision positioning information in the case of serious signal occlusion. The integrated navigation scheme proposed in this paper can be used as a research direction for the development of Unmanned Surface Vehicle navigation applications and provides solutions for the development of related navigation systems.

Health System Structural Factors Associated with Use of Scorecard to Improve RMNCAH Performance Indicators in Public Primary Health Facilities in Kenya

Purpose: Researchers looked into how the structure of the health system affects the use of scorecards to boost reproductive, maternal, newborn, child, and adolescent health (RMNCAH) in Kenya's Kwale and Kilifi Counties' public primary health facilities. Specifically, this includes use of the RMNCAH indicators, trainings received on RMNCAH indicators, and factors associated with the utilization of the RMNCAH indicators. Materials and Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study to gather quantitative data from 119 primary healthcare workers in chosen public primary facilities via one-on-one interviews. We collected data using tablets and the Kobo Collect app. Findings: The findings revealed that 89% of the selected facilities analyzed RMNCAH variables, whereas only 13% used scorecards at the time of the study. The study found that 75% of the facilities that used scorecards did not indicate the specific type of scorecard they received training on. Further research revealed a relationship between scorecard type and utilization (p&lt;0.001, χ2= 2.365), with 84% of facilities analyzing RMNCAH indicators on a monthly basis, focusing on immunization and family planning. However, 63% of healthcare workers rated the health system's structures as either low or poor. Only 11% of facilities had monitoring and evaluation budgets, yet 78% had RMNCAH indicator targets. While most public primary facilities analyze RMNCAH indicators, only a small percentage of these facilities use scorecards due to barriers such as limited training on different types of scorecards, a lack of monitoring and evaluation budget commitments, and poor structural components of the health system Implications to Theory, Practice and Policy: While facilities appreciate the availability of RMNCAH indicators, still the main focus is on immunization and family planning, hence the need for a more comprehensive monitoring of all RMNCAH indicators.

Vibration displacement measurement of bridge structural models using image super-resolution reconstruction and visual object detection network

Abstract Visual vibration measurement has emerged in the field of structural health monitoring in recent years, but it still has some shortcomings in terms of resolution, recognition rate and real-time performance. Considering the three aspects of recovering high-frequency image details, improving the compactness of the target bounding box, and reducing the computational time, we use the constructed image super-resolution reconstruction model and target detection model to measure the vibration displacement of the bridge structural model. First, we integrate the Transformer module into the Unet network with a simple structure. The Swin and Global Transformer Unet (SGTU) module constructed in this form can reduce the computational cost while reconstructing the large-resolution feature map target, and it can sharply edge information of the vibration target. We use the framework of the YOLOv5 algorithm as the backbone, and use the GhostBottleneck (GB) module to reduce the time for convolution operations to generate similar features. In addition, the proposed DWCBottleneck (DWCB) fusion module is also able to achieve high-level semantic fusion and network depth expansion with minimal computational cost. Finally, the center point offset of the bounding box predicted by the model can be used to obtain the displacement offset of the object in the image sequence. The position information of the target in the first frame image is used as the reference frame for calculating the offset, and the vibration displacement of the flexible structure in the image coordinate system is obtained by calculating the deviation of the displacement between the remaining frames and the first frame. We perform qualitative and quantitative comparisons in three aspects: video super-resolution reconstruction, visual detection robustness, and sensor vibration measurement displacement using a homemade vibration image dataset. The time-frequency domain displacement curves regressed by the visual vibration measurement algorithm are compared with the curves acquired after accelerometer acquisition, indicating the necessity of super-resolution reconstruction in visual vibration measurement.&amp;#xD;

An Evaluation of Köprülü Fazıl Ahmed Pasha's Foreign Policy

Abstract Historiographical tradition has tended to view the Köprülü-era foreign policy as one of conscious expansion, fueled by religious fervor. The descriptions of the seventeenth-century Ottoman chroniclers to that effect influenced the researchers of the twenty-first-century, too. However, in the reports of European diplomatic representatives active in Istanbul at the time, we see that the expansionary policy in the Köprülü period was not actually a pre-planned phenomenon with religious motivations; it was more likely that the grand viziers responded to the urgent problems arising from the political conjuncture of the period. To be more precise, this study argues that events such as the Érsekújvár Expedition (1663), the Siege of Candia (1667-69), and the Campaign of Kamieniec (1672), which all took place during the reign of Köprülü Fazıl Ahmet Pasha (r. 1661-76), could not be explained by religious motivations alone. Instead, the present study argues that a better way to understand Fazıl Ahmed Pasha's foreign policy is interpreting it from an international relations perspective through the neoclassical realist parameters of the individual, state structure, and international system.

Study on the influence of oils on the formation of liquid crystal structure of hydrogenated lecithin system

ABSTRACT Hydrogenated lecithin (HLC) is a liquid crystal emulsifier which can be oriented at the oil-water interface to form a long-range ordered and short-range disordered liquid crystal (LC) structure. In this study, the effects of oils commonly used in cosmetics (white oil, squalane, caprylic/capric triglyceride, Jojoba seed oil, shea butter) on the formation of LC structure for HLC system were investigated. The results showed that the numerous LCs was formed when the mass ratio of cetostearyl alcohol/HLC exceeded 8/2 in a single oil system. Among them, the liquid crystals formed by white oil and shea butter were more orderly. Meanwhile, the content of different oils also had a certain impact on the amount of liquid crystal. In this regard, the influence of compound oil system on liquid crystal was further studied by regulating the proportion and type of oils. It was found that the LC area was the largest and the LC structures were relatively regular when squalane/caprylic/capric triglyceride/shea butter was compounded. This study provided certain experimental basis and references for the development of LC emulsion formulations of hydrogenated lecithin system.

Preservation of the aging intensity order and the preservation of the monotonic aging intensity classes under distorted distributions

This paper presents preservation property of the aging intensity order and the preservation property of the monotonic aging intensity classes under distorted distributions. Several sufficient conditions are given to get the preservation properties. It is shown that the imposed conditions are achievable as we examine in some examples. The preservation of the aging intensity order and the preservation of the decreasing aging intensity class under the structure of a parallel system with independent and identically distributed components’ lifetime are made. A lower bound for the aging intensity function of a random lifetime with an increasing failure rate in average distribution is derived. The results are applied to some semiparametric model as a particular standard family of distorted distribution.